US276284A - sheets - Google Patents

Description

(No Model.) 3 Sheets-Sheet 1.

A J. REESE. MAUHINE FOR ROLLING HOOPS, SHEETS, 0R HOLLOW CYLINDERS. v No. 276,284r

PatentedvA'pr..Z4,1883.

(No Modell) 3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

J. REESE. MACHINE FOR ROLLING HOOPS, SHEETS, 0R HOLLOW CYLINDERS. No 276,284. Patented Apr. 24, 18881 WIEESEE. IlD/EFEEIK f r j s t e e 7 h S 8 L 6 e h S 3 H S E E R J (No Model.)

MACHINE FOR ROLLING HOOPS, SHBETS,. 0R HOLLOW CYLINDERS.

PatentedApLM, 1883.

N. PETERS. mlv-Lithugraphar. Wflhinflml. D. Q

UNITED STATES PATENT ()FFICE.

. JACOB REESE, OF PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

MACHINE FOR ROLLING HOOPS,.SHEETS, R HOLLOW CYLINDERS.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 276,284, dated April 24, 1883. Application filed October 11,1880. (No model.) i D To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JAooE REEsE, a citizen of the United States, residing at Pit-tsburg, in the county of Allegheny and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and use- .ful Improvements in Machines; for Rolling Metal Hoops, Sheets, Plates, and Bands; and

I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description thereof, reference beinghad to the accompanyingdrawings, form: ing a part thereof, in which- Figure 1 indicates a front elevation, partly in section, of a two-high mill and its adjusting apparatus, used in rolling tubular ingots into continuous metallic bands. Fig. 2 indicates view of details of same, showing a portion of the upper removable roll, its bearings,

. a slide-rest upon which the roll and bearings are drawn when placing the same into or withdrawing them from the housings, and also the means of securing the removable roll and bearings in the housings. Fig. 3 indicates an end view of the neck of the upper roll, with its movable bearings resting upon the slide rest or stand. Fig. 4. indicatesan end view of an annular ring or collar used in securing the removable hearings in position. Fig. 5 indicates a face view of the locking-plate for securing the annular ring, the roll, and its hearings in position. Fig. 6 indicates a face view of a -locking-pin used to connect theremovable roll tothe clutch for entering or withdrawing the same. Fig. 7 indicates a side'elevation'of it an open housing, showing end view of the rolls,

indicates a side elevation of the same.

and showing some of the details of construction of the mill. Fig. 8 indicates a front elevation of a three-high mill for rolling tubular manufacture of sheets, plates, hoops, or bands of greater length than can be produced by the ordinary method of manufacture; to enlarge the capacity of plants adapted for such manufacture and, finally, to produce a finer quality of finished product.

bolted securely in the usual manner to the bed-plate B. p 7

O and 0 indicate the balance-rods, which are provided in the usual manner with weighted levers at their lower ends, to cause them to press upward against the carriage'c of the upper roll, D, and force it upward when the ti ghtenin g-screws d and d are released, as will be readily understood by the skilled mechanic. These balance-rods G and Oare provided with stop-nuts, as shown in Fig. 7, which are adjusted in such a manner as to bear against the lower portion of the housing A, and relieve the upward pressure against the carriage 0 when the upper roll and its bearing are brought up into line with the enlarged opening of the housing A, in order to admit their removal from the machine. The housingA is also pro vided with similar balance-rods, which are provided with stop nuts, and which press constantly upward against the carriage of the upper roll until it and-its bearings are brought into line to allow the removal of the roll and its bearing through the housing A.

D indicates the lower roll, which isjonrnaled in brasses mounted iii the carriages d and 61. These carriages are provided with rollers E and E, which are journaled in their lower surface, and which bear uponthe inclined surfaces of the wedge-bar f when it is forced under or withdrawnfrom them by means of the action of the hydraulic ram F.

E and E indicate similar rollers, which are mounted in the lower-portion of the housings, and which bear against the lower and straight side of the wedge-barf, so that it may be forced backward and forward to elevate or depress the lower roll by the action of its inclines upon the rollers E and E.

key J to beinserted when the roll has stopped at any point of its revolution, thus greatly'facilitating the locking operation.

K indicates a direct-acting steam-engine having its piston attached to the clutch, in order to force the same backward and forward when it is desired to enter or withdraw the roll.

and its hearing from the mill, or insert them into position in the same.

Fig. 2 indicates a view of the means em ployed to keep the upper roll and the carriage c and its rider in place when inserted. M indicates an annular ring, which is made of sufficient width to cause its outer end to projecta short distance beyond the end of the neck of the roll D when inserted in position, as shown in Fig. 2. N indicates a plate for securing the annular ring M in position. This plate is dropped into the slot R in the rest or stand H when it is desired to secure the upper or removable roll and bearing in position for the of the rolls to play vertically in it, and it is provided with ordinary side brasses, in order that the brasses may remain in place when the upper roll is'withdrawn. The housing A is constructed differently, as shown in Fig. 7, having an opening at its upper portion of suf-. iicient Width to allow the removal through it of the upper roll, the carriage c, and its rider when they are drawn out upon the slide rest or stand H by means of the clutch. The tightening-screws d and d may be provided with small pulleys at their upper ends, and may be operated by a friction-belt, in order to keep the top roll down upon the metal when the lower roll is lowered by the action of the inclined surfaces of the wedge-bar fupon the rollers E and E.

Figs. 8,9, and 10 indicate a three-high mill, which is especially adapted to the requirements ofmy process when light work is to be produced. A and A indicate the housings, which are both provided with ordinary side brasses.

B indicates the bed-plate. D indicates the upper roll; D, the lower, and D indicates the middle roll or mandrel. This center roll is made of uniform diameter throughout, audits ends are journa1ed in side brasses set into the housings, as is usual in such cases in threehigh mills, and is kept in position by means of a plate, N, bolted to the housing A, and by the plate N and locking device described in reference to the two-high mill.

Figs. 9 and. 10 indicate the construction of the housings more fully, showing the opening ofjnst sufficient width to allow the withdrawal of the mandrel, which is done, as in the preceding case, by means of the clutch and apparatus shown in Fig. 1, and described in reference to the former mill. F indicates the hydraulic ram for forcing the lower roll toward the upper, as described in reference to the preceding mechanism.

The operation of my machine is as follows, to Wit: By removing the plate and ring N M the neck of the rollD is exposed. The clutch I is made to embrace said neck and the pin J inserted. The roll is'then withdrawn from the machine, and a hot, hollow, cylindrical ingot having its center opening of uniform diameter and its walls of uniform thickness is inserted opposite the opening in the housing A, and the roll D is returned to its normal position through the opening in said ingot. The pin J is then withdrawn, the clutch I disconnected from the neck of the roll, the ring M slipped over said neck, and the plate N slipped into place in the slots in stand H. Power is then communicated to the driving mechanism. At the first step in the operation of rolling, the wedge-bar is thrust inward,'and the lower roll is thereby elevated. When said lower roll has attained its maximum height the wedge-bar is drawn back and the roll allowed to drop. The upper roll is then forced downward by means of the screws until the space between the two rolls is taken up. The wedge-bar is then again brought into play, and the lower roll forced by degrees to its maximum height, and then dropped,and the upper roll lowered in the manner already described. This alternate movement of the two rolls is continued until the ingot has' been rolled out into a sheet of the desired dimensions.

It will be observed that the movement of the upper roll is solely for the purpose of taking up the space left vacant by the dropping ofthe lower roll.

Now, the particular advantage of this construction and mode of operation is that it equalizes and distributes the strain upon-the machine and its driving mechanism. This it accomplishes in the following manner, to wit: The working-necks of the rolls are connected in the ordinary manner, by wabblers with the driving-pinions. Now, these pinions, in order to work to greatest advantage when theingot nearly done, must be of the same or nearly the same diameter as the rolls, and this because only in that way can the pinion-shafts, the wabblers, and the rolls work in parallel planes when theingotis being finished. Now, if only one of the rolls is given vertical movement, the wabbler, pinionshaft, and fixed roll must be in alignment, while the wabbler of the movable roll must necessarily be, at the beginning of the operation, at considerable angle to the-planes of said roll and its driving-pinion. The consequence of this is that at the beginning of the operation an immense strain is brought upon the mechanism of the upperroll, and great loss of power and wear and breakage of said mechanism are the necessary consequence. Now, by constructing the machine so that each of the rolls may move vertically, and by operating them as described, I am enabled to begin the rolling with both wabblers at a slight angle to the planes of their respective rolls and pinions. As the operation proceeds, the upper wabbleris gradually brought nearer and nearer to the plane of its roll and pinion, While the lower wabbler is alternately at an angle with and coincident with the plane of its roll and pinion. The consequence is that at all times the strain is distributed, and the wear and tear and breakage, aswell as the loss of power, are largely decreased. Practically, by this change in construction, I am onabled to save about two dollars upon each ton of metal treated.

As soon as the metal assumes an elliptic form, or enlarges upon the mandrel during the operation, a stream of water should be caused to flow between its interior surface and the surface of. the mandrel, in order to remove the scale from its surface and to keep down the temperature of themandrelf By this means the mandrel may be kept sufficiently cold for ordinary work during the rolling operation; but in some cases, where heavy work is to be produced, it may be necessary to change the mandrel, which may be readilyvdone, and a cool mandrel may beiuserted and the pressure again applied and the operation of therolls continued until the band is finished.

In the manufacture of heavy plates and sheets the use of the two-high mill is preferable, asit would require great power to work heavy ingots on the three-high mill on account of the continual bending action which takes place in the metal when subjected to this process of rolling; but whenlighter sheets and plates are to beproduced the three-high mill is preferable, as the reducing action is faster, and the continuous bending action removes the scale and cleanses the surface of the metal.

My machine is especially adapted to the manufacture of steel skelps for tubing, and also for steels for structural and all other purposes wherein it is necessary or desirable to secure long lengths in the material.

When it is desired toproduce polished sheets, plates, hoops, or bands, the ingot is treated as before described until it is reduced to a continuous band of the desired thickness. The mandrel is then withdrawn and the band is taken from the machine previous to cutting. This band may then be doubled overuntil it is in a convenient shape to handle, and conveyed to the pickling-vats andpickled. It is then washed to remove the acid from its surface, and afterward conveyed back to the machine, inserted between the housings, the mandrel is forced into position and locked, and the band rolled cold until the metal is in thedesired condition.

It will be noticed that in this specification I have used theterm ingot iron. Wherever the same occurs I wish to be understood as having reference to aningot made bya fluid process-such as the Bessemer or open-hearth process--which ingot, when heated to a. brightred temperature, and then plunged into cold water, will not harden, as contradistinguished from a steel ingot, whichwill harden when so treated. The term ingot iron, as employed by me, is that which has been adopted and defined, as before specified, by an international com mission of metallurgical experts appointed by the technical societies of theUnited States, England, France, Germany, and Sweden. Where the word in got occurs in this specification it has no reference whatever to cast-iron ingots.

The advantages of my machine over those ordinarily used are: First, the metal is always kept in the bite of the rolls from the commencement of the rolling operation, and there is'an entire absence of the sudden shock,jar, and strain which come upon the ordinary mill as the metal enters and leaves the rolls at each succeeding pass; secondly, the strain comes evenly and gradually upon the mechanism, and backlashing, which is so destructive to the ordinary mill, is entirely avoided; thirdly, a high rate of speed cannot be had in'the use of the ordinary mill, on account of the sudden jars, shocks, and backlash to which it is subjected butmy improved appara tus may be worked at a high rate of speed,

the mill running to advantage at a speed of from oneh-undred to one hundred andfifty revolutions per minute, whereas the ordinary mill cannot be run over forty revolutions to advantage; fourthly, my process is automatic as far as therolling is concerned, and a great saving is effected in the. cost of skilled labor for that purpose; fifthly, the ingots may be rolled into sheets or plates at one heat, thus saving. the cost of fuel and the labor for reheating, and the loss of metal which takes place during the reheating operation; sixthly, by using ingots of a tubular or hollow cylin-. drical form they may be readily rolled over to secure a uniform heat in the heating-furnace,

me to effect a saving of from ten to fifteen per cent. of waste, which takes place in cutting sheetsor plates to length which are produced by the old method; ninthly, a better and more uniform quality of metal is produced, because it may be heated more uniformly, sealed-more thoroughly, rolled more uniformly, and finished at a higher temperature tenthly, longer sheets or plates may be produced for structural and other purposes than by the use of the ordinary process of manufacture.

I am aware that it has been proposed to roll cylindrieal piles 'formed of sections of wrought-iron welded to each other into rails,

bands, tires, and sheets, anddonot claim the" same for the reason that such a cylinder would not possess a homogeneous structure, owing to the different sections so welded being necessarily made from different heats by the puddling process, which can only make about five hundred pounds at a heat, whereas my ingotiron or ingot-steel,though each ingot weighed ten tons,'would be made from one and the same heat, and be absolutely homogeneous throughout. Where large plates or wide sheets are to be manufactured, such as my invention is designed to produce, the metal must be homogeneous to prevent the warping, twisting, and buckling of the plate, which, if it occurred, would prevent the proper operationoftherolls. Consequentlyahomogeneous ingot is essential to thepraetice of my process.

Havingdescribed my invention,what I elai m, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is

1. The slotted clutch I, provided with recess in one side, and pin J, adapted to fit in said reeess'and into a like recess in the artiele clutched, substantially as and for the purposes described.

2. The combination, with the neck of the roll 1), and the stand H, provided with slots R, of the ring M and plate N, substantially as described, whereby the roll is looked in place, for the purpose set forth.

3. In a machine for rolling metals, wherein an open housing and a removable roll and hearing are used, the combination of adjustable balancing-rods, which, are provided with stop-nuts to engage against the lower portion of the housings, with the removable roll and its bearings, whereby the upward pressure upon the removable roll and bearing is relieved at the point where they are to be removed through the enlarged opening ot'the' housing, substantially as herein set forth.

JACOB REESE. Witnesses:

FRANK M. REESE, JAMES H. POR'IE.

Images