US2753679A - Twisting device - Google Patents

Description

y 1956 F. VON SCHMOLLER ET AL 2,753,679

TWISTING DEVICE 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Aug. 26, 1952 July 10, 1956 F VON S H L'LER ETAL 2,753,679

TWISTING DEVICE Filed Aug. 26, 1952 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 dvmvfiw F1913 mm? M M w am m gmwfmm United States Patent TWISTIN G DEVICE Fritz von Schmoller and Nikolaus Winter, Augsburg, Germany Application August 26, 1952, Serial No. 306,332

Claims priority, application Germany August 31, 1951 19 Claims. 01. 57-115 .This invention relates to certain improvements in or relating to fliers for flier frames.

It is an object of the invention to provide simple and reliable means for increasing the percentage of the total twist'inserted between the roller nip and the flier top. Another object of the invention is to provide means of the type refer-red to by which vertical pulsations of the roving are substantially avoided and the occurrence of fly is substantially reduced.

A special object of the invention is to reduce the end breakage rate and to avoid faulty draft.

A still further object of the invention is to consolidate the roving so as to enable a greater lengh to be wound on the bobbin.

Still another object of the invention is to increase the tensile strength .of the roving so that a constant and relatively high tension in the rope can be applied without causing faulty drafts in the roving between the nip of the front rollers and the top of the flier.

A'still further object of the invention is to provide a construction'permitting existing flier frames to be easily converted with low cost for application of the method and means according to the present invention.

With these and further objects in View, according to the present invention the wall of the central aperture provided in the rotary top of the flier or in an attachment set over the .top has re-entrant corners .adapted to engage the". roving, said corners and the upper. edge of said wall fb'eing rounded. The term re-entrant corners in this connection refers to receding corners like 'those of the interior of a polygon as distinguished from projecting corners like the exterior of a polygon; Preferably, the end face of the top bore is of plane s'lrape whereby a quiet run of the roving is ensured.

In the practice of the invention, the upper end of the top bore is preferably of a substantially polygonal, more particularly square, shape with rounded edges and corners of the wall surrounding the polygonal bore. It has been found that the radius of the curvature of the'rounded corners should be of .the order of half the diameter of thefiroving, :more particularly, somewhat smaller.

According to a special feature of the invention,..the top bore while being round in its lower part is enlarged at its npper end in the form of .a polygonal, more particularly square-shaped, funnel.

The sides and/or the corners of the polygon, more particularly, of the square, may be formed with grooveshaped recesses which are preferably conically tapered in .a downward direction. The sides of the polygon may be inwardly bulged in a convex form. V

In some instances, it may be advantageous to arrange several polygonal steps in superposition in the top bore, in the form of stages, and the various .steps may have like .or different polygonal shapes (e. g., lower stage square, upper stage hexagonal shape, or vice versa'),

It has been found that the optimum effect of insertion of twist in the roving between the nip of the front roller and the top bore is obtained if a definite ratio exists 1 H between the average number of fibres in the roving and the cross section of the polygon. ,In most practical instances, for best results the cross section of the polygon in square millimeters should not difler by more than plus or minus twenty percent from the figure obtainedby multiplying the average number of fibres in the roving by 0.05.

The polygonal or other recesses may be provided in the top bore of the flier head itself, but preferably an additional attachment in the form of a cap is'secured on the top of the flier, which cap may be moulded, i. e., pressed or injection-moulded, from synthetic material, for instance, phenol formaldehyde condensation products, polystyrol, polystyrene, urea condensation products and the like, and detachabl-y secured on the top of the flier. In this way, existing fliers may be adapted'to the new system without any machining or filing being required on the fliers. For instance, an elastic tube or hose member may be provided which can be slipped over the top of the Him and engages a neck portion of the cap, or the cap may be provided with a downwardly extending rim or with downwardly extending lugs adapted to be slipped over the top of the flier and to be secured thereon by spring action, by a spring ring, by threadable engagement, and/or byan adhesive.

It has been found that by the twisting device according to the present invention a substantial increase of the twist inserted into the roving between the nip of the front rollers and the top of the flier can be achieved. The actual twist attainable depends on the raw material, the count of yarn and the calculated twist. A detrimental vertical pulsation of the roving causing fly and end breakages issubstantially prevented sincethe radial recesses and projections, more particularly, the corners of the polygon, cause only a lateral deflection of the roving. Generally a diameter of the polygon of the order of the normal diameter .of the top bore of the flier is to be preferred. Also the radius of the curvature of the corners of the polygon influences the attainable twist. The twist is reducedbya curvature having too large a radius, whereas too small a radius has a detrimental effect upon the roving.

It is not intended to give an exhaustive explanation as to the favorable effect of the device according to the invention, but obviously the twist is inserted into the roving in such a way that the thread, or the roving, is held in the respective corner of the polygon and taken along until the lateral deflection from the normal direction of running-in has become so large that the roving springs back into the succeeding .corner of thepolygon. Now the roving is taken along by this corner, springs back again and this cycle of motions is repeated in. rapid succession. Obviouslythis process .is the more effective, the faster the corners of-the polygon succeed each other. On the other hand, with increasing number of corners of the polygon the angle formed by the sides of the polygon is increasing .and so the gripping and condensing effect of the polygon corneris decreasing. This con densing effect in addition to the increased twist obviously likewise playskan important part in regard to the improvement of the spinning process. The roving which is drawn downwards in the corners of the polygon is simultaneously consolidated and condensed. If desired, the angle formed between the sides of the polygon maybe made more acute by inward bulging of the sides .of the polygon. I

The reduction of end breakage rate achieved by the device according to the present invention obviously is due to the ,fact that the part of the roving betweenthe nip of the front rollers and the top of theflier which is particularly liable to end breakage is given an'increased strength by thein'creased twist in said part of the roving.

It is particularly important that the increased twist is also inserted into and advanced to the part of the roving which is still in contact with the fluted roller. If the twist in the said part of the roving is increased to such an extent that the non-twisted part of the roving extending from the nip of the front rollers over the fluted roller in the form of a part of the arc of contact between roving and fluted roller is reduced to a length which is substantially shorter than the length of staple, it is ensured that the tensile strain of the roving from the nip to the part of the roving which is already consolidated by twisting, is transmitted through noninterrupted fibres, i. e., that the non-twisted part of the roving is practically relieved of the tension. Thus a reliable definition is obtained for choosing optimum twisting conditions for each length of staple and to avoid faulty drafts.

The device according to the invention provides the possibility, moreover, of using a calculated twist which is lower than hitherto. Since the weakest part of the roving as above mentioned can be reinforced or bridged without strain, it is not necessary to make the calculated twist in the thread on the bobbin very high since the calculated twist or even an excess twist is now actually present in the whole length of the roving from the front rollers to the bobbin, with a relatively small degree of irregularity. In fact by using the device according to the invention, more particularly in case of cotton, an excess twist is inserted in the part of the roving between the nip of the front rollers and the top of the flier, of the order of 20 to 40 percent over the calculated twist, with a subsequent uniform ire-dissolution to the calculated twist. Contrary to expectations this temporary excess twist proved to be very advantageous. In this manner the twist can be advanced still further to the nip of the front rollers than in case of reaching the calculated twist.

Other and further objects, features and advantages of the invention will be pointed out hereinafter and appear in the appended claims forming part of the application.

In the accompanying drawings several now preferred embodiments of the invention are shown by way of illustration and not by way of limitation.

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic view showing the general arrangement of the flier,

Fig. 2 is an axial section of one embodiment of the attachment, drawn on twice the natural scale,

Fig. 3 is a top plan view thereof,

Figs. 4 and 5 are top plan views showing further modifications,

Figs. 6 to 9 are axial sections of still further modifications,

Fig. Fig. Fig. Fig.

10 is a top plan view of Fig. 9,

11 is an axial section of a still further modification, 12 is a top plan view thereof,

13 is an axial section of a still further modification,

Fig. 14 is a top plan view thereof,

Fig. 15 is an axial section of another embodiment, and

Fig. 16 is a top plan view thereof.

Similar reference numerals denote similar parts in the different views.

Referring now to the drawings in greater detail, and first to Fig. 1, it will be seen that the rove 1, or 1', passes from the front roller 2 and the fluted roller 3'into the top opening of the flier 5 of the front line, or into the top opening 4' of the rear line flier 5*, respectively, and outward through the opening 6, or 6. As shown in Figs. 2 and 3, the top opening 4, or 4, is provided with a twisting attachment in the form of a cap 7, or 7, which is moulded from synthetic material, e. g., phenol formaldehyde condensation products, and connected to the flier top 5 by a hose or tube member 8. To this end the tube 8 is slipped over a conical neck portion 9 of the attachment 7, while the lower part of the tube 8 is slipped over the flyer top 5 which may be shaped in a normal manner and does not require any special preparation for fixing the twisting attachment according to the present invention. The latter is provided in the manner shown especially in Fig. 3, with a square opening 10 whose reentrant or receding corners are adapted to the diameter of the rove.

Fig. 1 also illustrates the requirements regarding the ratio between the length of staple and the non-twisted length of rove behind the front roller. The non-twisted length of rove is designated L1, and, as pointed out above, must be smaller than the length of staple L5 in order to ensure a reliable transmission of the tensile stress at this point without the danger of breakage of an end. By cinematographic exposures, it can be found out how far the twist is advanced in the direction towards the front roller, and the shape of the thread guide or twisting attachment can be adapted accordingly to ensure a sufficient twist or excess twist.

Fig. 4 shows an attachment having a hexagonal funnel, and Fig. 5 shows an attachment in which the grip hold are or are of contact between the roving and the corner of the polygon is enlarged by an inwardly convex shape of the sides.

By way of alternative, the cap 7 may be attached on the flier top 5 by a conical downwardly depending collar 11 which is secured to the slightly conically tapered flier head 5 by an adhesive 12. According to Fig. 7 the collar 11 is fastened on the head 5 by means of a spring ring 13 engaging in internal and external grooves of the collar 11 and of the head 5, respectively. Fig. 8 shows the cap 7 secured on head 5 by threadable engagement of collar 11 and head 5, by a thread 14.

Figs. 9 and 10 show a modification in which the square bore 10 of the attachment 7 is surrounded by a circular upwardly projecting collar or ring 16 whose height is adapted so that on the one hand the rove 1 is uniformly supported to prevent its pulsation and fly and on the other hand optimum cooperation thereof with the corners of the square is ensured. It is also possible to make the diameter of the projecting ring 16 so large that a length of rove serving to quiet the rove is obtained between the annular projection 16 and the square bore 10.

Figs. 11 and 12 show a two-stage polygon consisting of a lower square hole 10' of smaller size and an upper square hole 10" of a larger size arranged diagonally to the lower square hole.

Figs. 13 and 14 show a cap 7 provided with additional conical grooves 15 in the sides of the square and Figs; 15 and 16 show a cap 7 provided with conical corner grooves 17.

By way of example, good results have been obtained with the following proportions regarding the cross section of the polygon:

These figures apply for cotton, with an average titre of 1.7 den. It will be seen from the foregoing that in case of slubbing and intermediate frames favorable results are obtained by multiplying the number of fibres in the cross section of the slubbing by 0.05 (in case of a square-polygon). In case of staple fibre, with a length of staple of 40 mms., about the same titre is obtained, i. e. 1.5 to 1.7 den. With staple fibres of a coarse titre, say 2.2 or 2.8 den., the polygonal attachment gives practically the same good results.

In case of roving frames, the factor of 0.05 is not always applicable, especially because for practical reasons the cross section of the square would become too small so that the threading of the rove would be diflicult.

In view of the small curliness of the synthetic fibres,

the invention will be particularly important for such manmade fibres.

While the invention has been described in detail with respect to certain now preferred examples and embodiments of the invention it will be understood by those skilled in the art after understanding the invention that various changes and modifications may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention'and it is intended, therefore, to cover all such changes and modifications in the appended claims.

We claim:

1. A twisting device for fliers in which a roving enters into the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said twisting device comprising a twisting member coaxially arranged at the top of the flier for rotation therewith and having a central aperture whose wall is formed with a plurality of spaced re-entrant corners adapted to engage the roving, the twisting member being rounded at the edges and corners of the aperture.

2. A twisting device for fliers in which a roving enters into the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said twisting device comprising a twisting member coaxially arranged at the top of the flier for rotation therewith and having a central aperture whose wall is formed with a plurality of symmetrically arranged re-entrant corners adapted to grip and to carry along the roving, the twisting member being rounded at the edges and corners of the aperture.

3. A twisting device for fliers in which a roving enters into the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said twisting device comprising a twisting member coaxially arranged at the top of the flier for rotation therewith and having a plane top face and a central aperture whose wall is formed with a plurality of spaced re-entrant corners adapted to engage the roving, the twisting member being rounded at the edges and corners of the aperture.

4. A flier cap for use in textile speed frames in which a roving enters into the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said cap being adapted to be non-rotatable secured on the top of the flier and having a central opening whose wall is formed with a plurality of spaced re-entrant corners adapted to grip and to carry along the roving, the twisting member being rounded at the edges and corners of the opening.

5. A flier cap for use in textile speed frames in which a roving enters into the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said cap having a central opening whose Wall is at least partly of a substantially square shape in such a way that the re-entrant corners of the square-shaped opening are adapted to engage the roving, the twisting member being rounded at the edges and corners of the opening, and means for centering the flier cap on the top of the flier.

6. A flier cap for use in textile speed frames in which a roving enters into the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said cap having a central opening whose wall is formed with a plurality of spaced reentrant corners adapted to engage the roving, the flier cap being rounded at the edges and corners of the opening, and an elastic ring adapted to be engaged over the top of the flier and over an annular portion of the cap for tightly securing the cap on the top of the flier.

7. A twisting device for fliers comprising a flier socket and a twisting member coaxially secured on the upper end of the flier socket by an adhesive, said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at least partly of a substantially polygonal shape in such a way that the corners of the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving, the coaxial member being rounded at the edges and corners of said polygonal wall formation.

8. A flier cap for use in textile speed frames in which a roving enters into the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said cap having a central opening whose wall is formed with a plurality of spaced re-entrant corners adapted to engage the'roving, the flier capbeihgjrounded at the edges and corners of the opening, aridmezins adapted to engage the lateral faces of the top of the flier for fastening the cap on 'the'flier top. I v

9.' A flier cap for use in textile speed frames in'which a roving enters into the top of'the flierin 'an inc'lin ed direction, said cap having a central openingwhose wall is formed with a'plurality of spaced re-entrant corners adapted to engage the roving, the flier cap. being rounded at the edges and corners of the opening,'and a collar portion having a female thread adapted to be threadably engaged with the top of the flier.

10. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising a coaxial member arranged 'at the'top of the flier and rotating therewith, said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall 'isat'leas'l: partly of a substantially polygonal shape in such a way that the corners of the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving, the coaxial member being rounded at the edges and corners of said polygonal wall formations.

11. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising a coaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith, said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at least partly of a substantially square shape in such a way that the corners of the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving, the coaxial member being rounded at the edges and corners of said square wall formation.

12. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising a coaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith, said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at least partly of a substantially polygonal shape in such a way that the corners of the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving, the coaxial member being rounded at the edges and corners of said polygonal wall formation in such a way that the radius of curvature of the rounded corners is less than one half of the diameter of the roving.

13. A twisting device for fliers in which a roving enters into the top of the flier in an inclined direction, said twisting device comprising a twisting member coaxially arranged at the top of the flier for rotation therewith and having a central aperture whose wall is funnel-shaped towards its upper end and formed with a plurality of spaced re-entrant corners adapted to engage the roving, the twisting member being rounded at the edges and corners of the aperture.

14. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising a coaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith, said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at least partly of a substantially polygonal shape with additional round grooveshaped recesses in such a way that the corners of the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving, the coaxial member being rounded at the edges of said polygonal wall formation.

15. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising a coaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith, said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at least partly of a substantially polygonal shape with additional round grooveshaped recesses in the sides of the polygon in such a way that the corners of the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving, the coaxial member being rounded at the edges of said polygonal wall formation.

16. A twisting device for fliers of textile speed frames, comprising a coaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith, said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is at least partly of a substantially polygonal shape with additional round grooveshaped downwardly tapered recesses in the sides of the polygon in such a way that the corners of the polygonal part of the aperture are adapted to engage a roving, the coaxial member being rounded at the edges of said polygonal wall formation.

17. A twisting device for fliers, comprising a coaxial member arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith, said coaxial member having a central aperture whose wall is formed with a plurality of spaced reentrant corners adapted to engage a roving, the upper part of said central aperture forming a non-cornered circular guiding edge having a larger diameter than the cornered part of the aperture and being adapted to engage the roving as it enters into the aperture.

18. A twisting device for fliers comprising a member provided with an opening through which a roving passes, at least the upper end of the opening being of a polygonal shape and the member being rounded at the edges and corners of the polygonal shaped bore Whose corners are adapted to engage the roving.

19. A twisting device for fliers, comprising a tubular part arranged at the top of the flier and rotating therewith, at least the upper end of the opening of said tubular part being of a substantially polygonal shape, the cross section of the polygon in square millimeters not differing by more than plus or minus twenty percent from the figure obtained by multiplying the average number of fibers in a roving to be twisted by 0.05, and the corners of the polygonal opening being adapted to engage the roving.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 340,383 Smith Apr. 20, 1886 1,471,988 Prince-Smith et a1 Oct. 23, 1923 1,629,365 Prince-Smith et al May 17, 1927 2,310,685 Fraser Feb. 9, 1943

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