US2752127A

US2752127A - Device for cooling or condensing strongly corrosive or etching liquids, gases or vapors

Info

Publication number: US2752127A
Application number: US228821A
Authority: US
Inventors: Campel Fritz; Hermann Albert; Schmid Michael
Original assignee: Dynamit Nobel AG
Current assignee: Dynamit Nobel AG
Priority date: 1948-12-23
Filing date: 1951-05-29
Publication date: 1956-06-26
Anticipated expiration: 1973-06-26

Description

J n 6. 1 F. CAMPE r-rr AL DEVICE FOR COOLING OR CONDENSING STRONGLY CORROSIVE OR ETCHING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPORS Filed May 29 1951 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Fril'z Cqmpz, Albm-E Her-m arm, M ichucl. Schmid.

Aflorne Y s June 26, 1 F. GAMPE ET AL DEVICE FOR COOLING OR CONDENSING STRQNGLY CORROSIVE OR ETCHING LIQUIDS, GASES OR VAPORS 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed May 29, 1951 .7 n van f n I 0 HI] Mom mm w ou run- T Z L O b n vww A TMMAKMWQH Affornevs United States Patent 2,752,127 DEVICE FOR COOLING OR CONDENSING STRONGLY CORRGSIVE R ETCHING LIQUIDS, GASES 0R VAPORS Fritz Camps, Albert liermann, and Michael Schmid,

Rheinfelden, Baden, Germany, assignors, by mesne assignments, to Dynamit-Actien-Gesellschaft vormals Alfred Nobel 8; Co., Troisdorf, Germany Application May 29, 1951, Serial No. 228,821

Germany December 23, 1948 Public Law 619, August 23, 1954 Patent expires December 23, 1968 3 Claims. (Cl. 257241) The chemical industry frequently faces the problem of cooling and condensing gases, vapors, and liquids which are of a corrosive or aggressive character. The cooling and condensing devices to be used for this process, therefore, must not only be resistant against media such as hydrogen chloride, hydrochloric acid, chlorinated organic solvents and the like, but must also be composed of a material which has a good heat conductivity. Rubberized containers, while suited for hydrochloric-acid, are not useable for organic solvents, whereas on the other hand lead containers are suitable for organic solvents but not for hydrochloric acid. Containers made of silicic materials such as stone ware, porcelain or glass. have too low a heat conductivity, while metals having the required corrosion resistance such as Zirconium and. Tantalum are too expensive in order to be used for larger devices.

It is, therefore, an object of the present invention to provide cooling and condensing devices which, while having a good heat conductivity, are suificiently resistant against corrosive and aggressive gases, vapors or liquids.

It is another object of this invention to provide devices of the types set forth in the preceding paragraph which will consist of. material which is not only a good heat conductor but also offers sufiicient'resistance against corrosion, and in addition thereto is easily formable and machineable.

These and other objects and advantages of the invention will appear more clearly from the following specification in connection with the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 represents a cooling device according to the present invention which may be used for liquids and also for gases.

Figure 1a isa longitudinal section through a connecting nipple shown in Figure 1.

Figure lb is a cross-section through a dish-shaped hollow body used in the column shown in Figure 1.

Figure 2 is a device according to the present invention for condensing vapors.

Figure 2a is a cross-section through a lens-shaped hollow body used in the arrangement of Figure 2.

Figure 2b is a longitudinal section through a connecting nipple for use in connection with the arrangement of Figure 2.

The present application is a joint application with one of the joint applicants being the sole applicant of the co-pendin'g application Serial No. 228,822 filed May 29, 1951, now Patent No. 2,726,072 granted December 6, 1955.

General arrangement- According to the present invention, the difiiculties outlined above have been overcome by making the cooling and condensing devices of graphite or graphite containing moldable material, while preferably using individual hollow bodies made of graphite adapted to be screwed together;

ice

According to a particularly advantageous embodiment of the invention, theindividual dish-shaped or lensshaped hollow bodies madeof graphite or graphite containing moldable material are connected with each other by means of nipples which, whileconsisting of the same material as the'hollow bodies, have a bore therethrough and are connected with said dish-shaped or lens-shaped hollow bodies forming therewith a column. In order to secure a thorough whirling ofthe medium which passes through the hollow bodies,- and in order to assure an intimate contact with the interior surfaces of the hollow bodies, the axial: bores of the nipples are preferably closed at one end thereof, while lateral discharge-openings are provided through- Which'the medium may enter into the hollow spaces of the disc-shaped or lens-shaped hollow bodies.

Structural arrangement Referring now to the drawings in detail and to Figures l to 1b, thereof,.in particular, the structure shown therein represents a cooling device for liquids which may also be used for gases and comprises flat somewhat lens-shaped hollow bodies 11. As will be clear from Figure lb, the hollow body 11 has a lower threaded bore- 15 and an upper threaded bore 16 separated from the lower bore 15 by an enlarged chamber 17. The threaded portions 15 and 16 of two adjacent hollow bodies 11 are respectively engaged by corresponding threaded

portions

18 and 19 pertaining to a connecting nipple 12 shown in longitudinal cross-section in Figure 1a, and interposed between said last mentionedtwo hollow bodies 11. As will be clear from Figure 1, the hollow bodies 11 and the connecting nipples 12, when properly assembled, form a hollow column with alternately changing cross-sections along the column. This column is preferably from the bottom to the top passed through by the liquid or the gas to be cooled. As has been indicated by the arrows shown in- Figure l, the medium to be cooled passes through the bores 13 of the nipples in lateral direction into the hollow bodies 11 and from there into the axial bores 20 of the nipples.

The entire column as shown in the drawing is arranged in a container 14 whichholds cooling water or another cooling liquid. This container may consist of any de sired material since it does not come into contact with the corrosive medium. If desired, the device may also be employed in such away that the interior of the column is passed through by a cooling medium while the column is surrounded by the medium to be cooled. In this instance, also the outer container 14 must consist of corrosive resistant material, while the heat conductivity of the container 14" is of no material importance.

With regard to the arrangement-shown in Figure 2, this arrangement represents a device for condensing vapors. The lens-shaped hollow bodies 21', one of which is shown in section in Figure 2a, correspond to the hollow bodies 11 of the device shown in Figure 1. The

hollow bodies 21 are so shaped that the condensate from the top and passes from one hollow body to the other one through the connecting nipples 22 while entering the hollow bodies through the radial openings 23. The entire column similar to the column in Figurel is arranged in a container 24' which holds cooling liquid. Also in this embodiment the corroding vapors and the condensate do not get into contact with the container 24.

It is, of course, understood that with the two embodirnents just described, two or more columns may be arranged in one cooling container. For instance the columns may stand or lie in boxes through which cold water flows and, if desired, the columns may be combined into groups arranged in parallel or in series.

In addition to being corrosion resistant and having a good heat conductivity, in making the column of graphite or graphite containing pressed material, the arrangement according to the present invention has the further advantage that it consists of a great number of equal building elements which may also be the same for various purposes of application. Thus, damaged parts may easily be exchanged andthe keeping of stock and securing of replacement parts is materially facilitated.

The

nipples

12, 22 are preferably screwed into the

hollow bodies

11, 21. However, if desired, they may also be cemented in or fitted into the hollow bodies if they are provided with slightly conical fitting surfaces. The nipples shown in the various embodiments may have the same shape and same dimensions for all devices also for hollow bodies of diflFerent size, which fact furthermore simplifies the stocking of replacement parts. The

hollow bodies

11, 21 may produce in the simplest manner by giving them the shape of bodies of rotation. However, if desired, they may also be polygonal or of any other desired shape.

It is, of course, understood that the present invention is by no means limited to the particular construction but also comprises any modifications within the scope of the appended claims.

What we claim is:

1. In combination in a vertical column for the chemical industry, especially for cooling and condensing strongly corrosive etching and the like liquids, gases, and vapors: a plurality of individual hollow fiat bodies, each of said hollow bodies having a chamber of a diameter equaling a multiple of its height and also having an axial bore therethrough with two spaced threaded sections separated from each other by said chamber and provided with identical thread, a plurality of hollow connecting bodies provided with two spaced threaded sections corresponding to the threaded sections of said hollow fiat bodies, each of said hollow connecting bodies having a portion thereof interposed between two adjacent hollow flat bodies and having its threaded sections in engagement with the threaded sections of the respective adjacent hollow flat bodies, each of said hollow connecting bodies having an axial bore open at one end and closed a at the other end and also having radial passages adjacent said closed end of said axial bore and arranged within the hollow chamber of the respective adjacent flat body to thereby effect communication of the respective axial bore with the chamber of the respective adjacent hollow body, and a tubular container surrounding all of said hollow flat bodies and said connecting bodies in spaced relationship thereto, the arrangement being such as to allow the passage of one fluid through said hollow flat and said hollow connecting bodies and to allow passage of another fluid through said tubular container around said hollow flat and said hollow connecting bodies.

2; A column for cooling liquids and gases which comprises in combination: a plurality of individual hollow flat bodies, each of said hollow bodies having a chamber of a diameter equaling a multiple of its height and Y also having an axial bore therethrough with two spaced threaded sections separated from each other by said chamber and provided with identical thread, a plurality of hollow connecting bodies provided with two spaced threaded sections corresponding to the threaded sections of said hollow flat bodies, each of said hollow connecting bodies having a portion thereof interposed between two adjacent hollow flat bodies and having its threaded sections in engagementwith the threaded sections of the respective adjacent hollow flat bodies, each of said hollow connecting bodies having an axial bore open at the lower end thereof for direct communication'with the chamber of the adjacent lower hollow flat body and. closed at the upper end, each of said hollow connecting bodies having a portion thereof extending into the chamber of the respective adjacent upper hollow fiat body and being provided with radially arranged passage means located completely within the adjacent chamber of the respective upper flat hollow body for establishing communication between said axial bore and the chamber of the respective adjacent upper hollow flatbody, said column being provided at the bottom thereof with inlet meansfor admitting the medium to be cooled and being provided at the top thereof with outlet means for releasing the medium to be cooled, and tubular means surrounding said column in spaced relationship and being adapted to receive cooling liquid.

3. A column for condensing vapors and gases which comprises in combination: a plurality of individual'hollow flat bodies, each of said hollow bodies having a chamber of a diameter equaling a multiple of its height and also having an axial bore therethrough with two spaced threaded sections separated fromieach other by said chamber and provided with identical thread, a plurality of hollow connecting bodies provided with two spaced threaded sections corresponding to the threaded sections of said hollow flat bodies, each of. said hollow connecting bodies having a portion thereof interposedbetween two adjacent hollow fiat bodies and having its threadedsections in engagement with the respective adjacent threaded sections of, the respective adjacent hollow fiat bodies, each of said hollow connecting bodies having an axial bore open at the upper end. thereof for direct communication with the chamber of the respective adjacent upper hollow flat body and closed at the lower end, each of said hollow connecting bodies having a portion thereof extending into the chamber of the respective adjacent lower hollow flat body and being provided with radial passage means located completely within the adjacent chamber of the respective adjacent lower flat body for establishing communication betweensaid axial bore and the chamber of the respective adjacent lower hollow flat body, said column being provided at the top thereofwith inlet means for admitting the medium to be condensed and being provided atthe bottom thereof with outlet means for releasing the con densed medium, and tubular means surrounding said column in spaced relationship and being adapted to receive cooling liquid. i

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS OTHER REFERENCES Carbon and Graphite Products, a publication ofthe National Carbon Co. of 30 East 42nd St., New Yorknl7l,

N, Y., pages 4 to 7.

Claims

1. IN COMBINATION IN A VERTICAL COLUMN FOR THE CHEMICAL INDUSTRY, ESPECIALLY FOR COOLING AND CONDENSING STRONGLY CORROSIVE ETECHING AND THE LIKE LIQUIDS, GASES, AND VAPORS: A PLURALITY OF INDIVIDUAL HOLLOW FLAT BODIES, EACH OF SAID HOLLOW BODIES HAVING A CHAMBER OF A DIAMETER EQUALING A MULTIPLE OF ITS HEIGHT AND ALSO HAVING AN AXIAL BORE THERETHORUGH WITH TWO SPACED THREADED SECTIONS SEPARATED FROM EACH OTHER BY SAID CHAMBER AND PROVIDED WITH IDENTICAL THREAD, A PLURALITY OF HOLLOW CONNECTING BODIES PROVIDED WITH TWO SPACED THREADED SECTIONS CORRESPONDING TO THE THREADED SECTIONS OF SAID HOLLOW FLAT BODIES, EACH OF SAID HOLLOW CONNECTING BODIES HAVING A PORTION THEREOF INTERPOSED BETWEEN TWO ADJACENT HOLLOW FLAT BODIES AND HAVING ITS THREADED SECTIONS IN ENGAGEMENT WITH THE THREADED SECTIONS OF THE RESPECTIVE ADJACENT HOLLOW FLAT BODIES, EACH OF SAID HOLLOW CONNECTING BODIES HAVING AN AXIAL BORE OPEN AT ONE END AND CLOSED AT THE OTHER END AND ALSO HAVING RADIAL PASSAGE ADJACENT SAID CLOSED END OF SAID AXIAL BORE AND ARRANGED WITHIN THE HOLLOW CHAMBER OF THE RESPECTIVE ADJACENT FLAT BODY TO THEREBY EFFECT COMMUNICATION OF THE RESPECTIVE AXIAL BORE WITH THE CHAMBER OF THE RESPECTIVE ADJACENT HOLLOW BODY, AND A TUBLUAR CONTAINER SURROUNDING