US2749299A - Anode core - Google Patents
Anode core Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2749299A US2749299A US316443A US31644352A US2749299A US 2749299 A US2749299 A US 2749299A US 316443 A US316443 A US 316443A US 31644352 A US31644352 A US 31644352A US 2749299 A US2749299 A US 2749299A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- anode
- core
- socket
- convolutions
- cavity
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/02—Electrodes composed of, or comprising, active material
- H01M4/64—Carriers or collectors
- H01M4/70—Carriers or collectors characterised by shape or form
- H01M4/75—Wires, rods or strips
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/10—Electrodes characterised by the structure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C23—COATING METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING MATERIAL WITH METALLIC MATERIAL; CHEMICAL SURFACE TREATMENT; DIFFUSION TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL; COATING BY VACUUM EVAPORATION, BY SPUTTERING, BY ION IMPLANTATION OR BY CHEMICAL VAPOUR DEPOSITION, IN GENERAL; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL
- C23F—NON-MECHANICAL REMOVAL OF METALLIC MATERIAL FROM SURFACE; INHIBITING CORROSION OF METALLIC MATERIAL OR INCRUSTATION IN GENERAL; MULTI-STEP PROCESSES FOR SURFACE TREATMENT OF METALLIC MATERIAL INVOLVING AT LEAST ONE PROCESS PROVIDED FOR IN CLASS C23 AND AT LEAST ONE PROCESS COVERED BY SUBCLASS C21D OR C22F OR CLASS C25
- C23F13/00—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection
- C23F13/02—Inhibiting corrosion of metals by anodic or cathodic protection cathodic; Selection of conditions, parameters or procedures for cathodic protection, e.g. of electrical conditions
- C23F13/06—Constructional parts, or assemblies of cathodic-protection apparatus
- C23F13/08—Electrodes specially adapted for inhibiting corrosion by cathodic protection; Manufacture thereof; Conducting electric current thereto
- C23F13/20—Conducting electric current to electrodes
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
Definitions
- the invention relates to anodes and particularly to anode cores, and has for its object to provide a device of this kind wherein the core is of spiral formation, and the core cast in the galvanic anode material, and being spiral in form, it increases the surface of the anode exposed to the galvanic action, as the galvanic material, during the casting operation, flows through the convolutions, hence it will be seen that the surface exposed by the spiral form will be increased over the conventional flat or round rod types.
- a further object is to terminate the upper end of the core in a plurality of close convolutions thereby providing an easy and simple anchoring means for the lead wire, and obviating the necessity of drilling holes in fiat or round cores, and at the same time providing means whereby the lead wire may be positively anchored to the upper end of the core.
- a further object is to provide an anode core wherein the pitch of the convolutions is varied, preferably increased from the top downwardly, to balance the same according to the deterioration of the galvanic material.
- the device is used in connection with steel structures or buried pipe lines to overcome the electrolytic action on steel structures, particularly those buried or in the soil.
- a further object is to provide an anode adapted to be buried in the ground and connected to a structure, and comprising a body formed from galvanic anode material having imbedded therein a spiral anode, the upper end of which anode terminates in close convolutions, in which convolutions is anchored a lead wire, and a plastic material in a chamber in the upper end of the body, and in which plastic material the upper end of the anode is imbedded.
- Figure 1 is a vertical transverse sectional view through the anode and core.
- Figure 2 is a side elevation of the spiral core.
- Figure 3 is a side elevation of a modified form of core wherein the pitch of the core convolutions increases from one end towards the other.
- the numeral 1 designates the spiral anode core which is wound from wire spirally, as shown in Figure 1.
- the anode 2 is composed of a metal higher than steel in the electro-motive series, such as zinc, aluminum, magnesium, or an alloy of these metals,
- the electro-galvanized spiral wire core extends substantially the full length of the expendable magnesium or other metal used in the body 2.
- a chamber 7 is formed in the upper end of the body 2, and after the lead wire is soldered in place the chamber 7 is filled with a plastic material 8, such as tar, or other well known material.
- the lead wire 3 leads to the structure or pipe line to be protected, and is provided with insulation 9.
- the core 1 has its convolutions increasing in pitch towards the lower end, it has been found that when this core of varying pitch is imbedded in the body 2 decided advantages are obtained.
- the anode has a tendency to deteriorate more rapidly at its bottom end, and by reducing the number of convolutions of the core towards the bottom end, there is a reduction of area contact, and by this means the device will deteriorate equally for its entire length. In other words, if a particular zone of the anode eats away more rapidly than another, it may be well to cut down the surface contact between the core and the anode material in that particular zone, or increase the size of convolutions in that particular zone.
- anode core which is simple and inexpensive, one in which a maximum area of contact with the anode material is obtained, maximum contact area for the solder which holds the lead line, and being soldered in a coil, the lead line will not pull out. Also a core is provided in which the pitch of the coils may be varied along its length to control and equalize the deterioration of the anode along its length, or to assume uniform anode consumption.
- An anode comprising a body formed of metal, said body having an axial cavity in one end, a core disposed axially within the body and consisting of a length of wire of circular cross-section spirally embedded in the body and having an outer end defined by tightly engaged convolutions to form a socket of constant cross-sectional area, said socket being concentrically disposed within the cavity, a lead wire having an uninsulated end axially fitted in the socket and fixed therein by solder and a plastic filler closing said cavity and entirely surrounding the socket.
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Prevention Of Electric Corrosion (AREA)
Description
June 5, 1956 R. M. WHEELER ANODE CORE Filed Oct. 23, 1952 Roger M W/xze/er IN V EN TOR.
United States Patent "ice ANODE CORE Roger M. Wheeler, Tulsa, Okla.
Application October 23, 1952, Serial No. 316,443
2 Claims. (Cl. 204197) The invention relates to anodes and particularly to anode cores, and has for its object to provide a device of this kind wherein the core is of spiral formation, and the core cast in the galvanic anode material, and being spiral in form, it increases the surface of the anode exposed to the galvanic action, as the galvanic material, during the casting operation, flows through the convolutions, hence it will be seen that the surface exposed by the spiral form will be increased over the conventional flat or round rod types.
A further object is to terminate the upper end of the core in a plurality of close convolutions thereby providing an easy and simple anchoring means for the lead wire, and obviating the necessity of drilling holes in fiat or round cores, and at the same time providing means whereby the lead wire may be positively anchored to the upper end of the core.
A further object is to provide an anode core wherein the pitch of the convolutions is varied, preferably increased from the top downwardly, to balance the same according to the deterioration of the galvanic material. The device is used in connection with steel structures or buried pipe lines to overcome the electrolytic action on steel structures, particularly those buried or in the soil.
A further object is to provide an anode adapted to be buried in the ground and connected to a structure, and comprising a body formed from galvanic anode material having imbedded therein a spiral anode, the upper end of which anode terminates in close convolutions, in which convolutions is anchored a lead wire, and a plastic material in a chamber in the upper end of the body, and in which plastic material the upper end of the anode is imbedded.
With the above and other objects in view the invention resides in the combination and arrangement of parts as hereinafter set forth, shown in the drawing, described and claimed, it being understood that changes in the precise embodiment of the invention may be made within the scope of what is claimed without departing from the spirit of the invention.
In the drawing:
Figure 1 is a vertical transverse sectional view through the anode and core.
Figure 2 is a side elevation of the spiral core.
Figure 3 is a side elevation of a modified form of core wherein the pitch of the core convolutions increases from one end towards the other.
Referring to the drawing, the numeral 1 designates the spiral anode core which is wound from wire spirally, as shown in Figure 1. By forming the core in spiral form it is obvious there is a greater contact surface or engagement of the magnesium anode 2 with the core, and at the same time it is also obvious that when the anode is cast around the core, the metal will flow through all the convolutions and will not draw away from the convolutions, one of the difl'lculties experienced where a flat or round rod is used. The anode 2 is composed of a metal higher than steel in the electro-motive series, such as zinc, aluminum, magnesium, or an alloy of these metals,
2,749,299 i atented June 5, 1956 which will produce an electrical current through its galvanic coupling with steel. Only a perfect bond between the anode and the core can provide assurance of continuing anode operation. The electro-galvanized spiral wire core extends substantially the full length of the expendable magnesium or other metal used in the body 2.
Considerable difliculty has been experienced in maintaining the proper lead wire connection between the core 1 and the lead wire. At present a hole is drilled in the upper end of cores of the rod type, and these often work loose. To obviate this difficulty, the convolutions 4, at the upper end of the core, are in close relation, and the end 5 of the lead wire is passed downwardly through the convolutions 4 and anchored therein by solder 6, therefore it will be seen that there is sufficient space for the solder for anchoring purposes, and at the same time an irregular surface is formed by the inner peripheries of the convolutions for positively holding the solder. During the casting operation, a chamber 7 is formed in the upper end of the body 2, and after the lead wire is soldered in place the chamber 7 is filled with a plastic material 8, such as tar, or other well known material. The lead wire 3 leads to the structure or pipe line to be protected, and is provided with insulation 9.
Referring to Figure 3, wherein the core 1 has its convolutions increasing in pitch towards the lower end, it has been found that when this core of varying pitch is imbedded in the body 2 decided advantages are obtained. The anode has a tendency to deteriorate more rapidly at its bottom end, and by reducing the number of convolutions of the core towards the bottom end, there is a reduction of area contact, and by this means the device will deteriorate equally for its entire length. In other words, if a particular zone of the anode eats away more rapidly than another, it may be well to cut down the surface contact between the core and the anode material in that particular zone, or increase the size of convolutions in that particular zone.
It will be seen that an anode core is provided which is simple and inexpensive, one in which a maximum area of contact with the anode material is obtained, maximum contact area for the solder which holds the lead line, and being soldered in a coil, the lead line will not pull out. Also a core is provided in which the pitch of the coils may be varied along its length to control and equalize the deterioration of the anode along its length, or to assume uniform anode consumption.
The invention having been set forth, what is claimed as new and useful is:
1. An anode comprising a body formed of metal, said body having an axial cavity in one end, a core disposed axially within the body and consisting of a length of wire of circular cross-section spirally embedded in the body and having an outer end defined by tightly engaged convolutions to form a socket of constant cross-sectional area, said socket being concentrically disposed within the cavity, a lead wire having an uninsulated end axially fitted in the socket and fixed therein by solder and a plastic filler closing said cavity and entirely surrounding the socket.
2. An anode as claimed in claim 1, wherein the convolutions of the spiral wire core increase in pitch from the socket to the opposite end.
References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Stobie et a1. Dec. 2, 1952 Rader Feb. 23, 1954 OTHER REFERENCES
Claims (1)
1. AN ANODE COMPRISING A BODY FORMED OF METAL, SAID BODY HAVING AN AXIAL CAVITY IN ONE END, A CORE DISPOSED AXIALLY WITHIN THE BODY AND CONSISTING OF A LENGTH OF WIRE OF CIRCULAR CROSS-SECTION SPIRALLY EMBEDDED IN THE BODY AND HAVING AN OUTER END DEFINED BY TIGHTLY ENGAGED CONVOLUTIONS TO FORM A SOCKET OF CONSTANT CROSS-SECTIONAL AREA, SAID SOCKET BEING CONCENTRICALLY DISPOSED WITHIN THE CAVITY, A LEAD WIRE HAVING AN UNINSULATED END AXIALLY FITTED IN THE SOCKET AND FIXED THEREIN BY SOLDER AND A PLASTIC FILLER CLOSING SAID CAVITY AND ENTIRELY SURROUNDING THE SOCKET.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US316443A US2749299A (en) | 1952-10-23 | 1952-10-23 | Anode core |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US316443A US2749299A (en) | 1952-10-23 | 1952-10-23 | Anode core |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2749299A true US2749299A (en) | 1956-06-05 |
Family
ID=23229063
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US316443A Expired - Lifetime US2749299A (en) | 1952-10-23 | 1952-10-23 | Anode core |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2749299A (en) |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3054743A (en) * | 1957-08-22 | 1962-09-18 | Rolland C Sabins | Electrolytic system |
US4045320A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1977-08-30 | A. S. Skarpenord | Galvanic anode |
US5512149A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-04-30 | Mackenna Iv; Gilbert J. | Sacrificial anode device with optimized anode/cathode interface surface contact area |
US10134530B2 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2018-11-20 | Kemet Electronics Corporation | Anode lead wires for improved solid electrolytic capacitors |
Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2620297A (en) * | 1950-06-27 | 1952-12-02 | Apex Smelting Company | Anode structure |
US2670327A (en) * | 1950-05-26 | 1954-02-23 | Clarence M Rader | Electrolytic liquid treating device |
-
1952
- 1952-10-23 US US316443A patent/US2749299A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2670327A (en) * | 1950-05-26 | 1954-02-23 | Clarence M Rader | Electrolytic liquid treating device |
US2620297A (en) * | 1950-06-27 | 1952-12-02 | Apex Smelting Company | Anode structure |
Cited By (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3054743A (en) * | 1957-08-22 | 1962-09-18 | Rolland C Sabins | Electrolytic system |
US4045320A (en) * | 1976-05-28 | 1977-08-30 | A. S. Skarpenord | Galvanic anode |
US5512149A (en) * | 1994-09-01 | 1996-04-30 | Mackenna Iv; Gilbert J. | Sacrificial anode device with optimized anode/cathode interface surface contact area |
US10134530B2 (en) | 2016-02-17 | 2018-11-20 | Kemet Electronics Corporation | Anode lead wires for improved solid electrolytic capacitors |
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