US2731681A - Window - Google Patents

Description

G. R. GALL Jan. 24, 1956 WINDOW Filed Nov. 2. 1950 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENTOR v 5 3ml M 11B V M; w N H 35% 3 G. R. GALL Jan. 24, 1956 WINDOW 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 Filed Nov. 2, 1950 JNVENTOR. 650265 ,6? 64 G. R. GALL Jan. 24, 1956 WINDOW 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Nov. 2, 1950 JNVENTOR. GEQPGE E 6414 WINEGW Geo ge R. Gall, Bedford, Ohio, assignor to George R. Gall, Jr.

Application November 2, E50, Serial No. 193,723

2%) Claims. (Cl. 20-12) This invention relates to windows wherein the sash member is reversible with respect to the window frame.

A general object of my invention is to provide a window wherein the sash and glazing elements are completely reversible within the window frame, that is, the sash member may be locked and sealed in position in the frame with either side of the sash and glazing facing the interior of the building. Another object is to provide a window wherein the sash and glazing members are completely reversible Within the window frame without necessitating complete disconnection of the sash from the surrounding frame. Another object is to provide a reversible window which includes means for accurately ing the sash in the plane of the frame after reversing movement of the sash with respect to the frame.

Another object of my invention is to provide a reversible window wherein the mechanism used to lock and release the sash preliminary to and subsequent to reversing movements thereof is actuated by a single handle so as to afford convenient and simplified operation of the window. Another object is to provide a reversible window which is air tight when the sash is in the sealed or loci-zed position with respect to the frame and yet is constructed to permit the sash to pivot relative to the frame with a minimum of frictional contact with the frame parts.

A still further object of my invention is to provide a window of simple and unique design which permits the component parts to be rapidly and conveniently assembled when the window is being installed on the job. Another object is to provide a reversible window structure which includes adjustment means for adapting the structure to accommodate inaccuracies and out-of-trueness that may exist between the sash member and the frame. Another object of my invention is to provide a reversible window wherein the sash may be rapidly and conveniently removed from the embracing frame as for example to replace broken glass or damaged parts, without disassembly of other parts of the window.

A further object of my invention is to provide a Window frame that is rigid, sturdy and strong in construction so as to reinforce and strengthen the wall section of the building in which the window is mounted. Another object is to provide a reversible window wherein the working parts are completely enclosed and protected from damage by rain, sun, dust, etc. Another object is to provide a reversible window that is li ht in wei ht,

pleasing in appearance, durable and long of life, and structurally strong.

These and other objects of my invention will appear from the following description of a preferred form thereof reference being had to the accompanying drawings in which Figure l is a side elevation of my improved window showing the sash member in a partially rotated position with respect to the frame; Figure 2 is an elevation similar to Figure l and showing the sash member disposed in the locked and sealed position in the window frame, Figure 3 is an enlarged fragmental side elevation of the window;

2,?3L68l Patented Jan. 24, 1955 Figure 4 is a perspective view of one of the top corners of the window frame, the parts of the frame being separated to show the corner securing means; Figure 5 is a horizontal section taken on the line 55 of Figure 2; Figure 6 is a section similar to Figure 5 showing the position of parts of the window with the sash in the plane of the frame and with the movable side jambs retracted from the sash; Figure 7 is a vertical section of the window taken on the line 7-7 of Figure 2; Figure 8 is a vertical section taken on the line 38 of Figure 1, some of the parts being cut away to show the details of construction; Figure 9 is a fragmental horizontal section of the window taken on the line 99 of Figure 8; Figure 10 is a perspective View showing a portion of one of the jarnb actuating bars; Figure 11 is a transverse section through one of the movable side jambs showing the disposition of cam guide elements on the jamb; Fig. 12 is a fragmental vertical section taken on the line 1212 of Fig. ll; Fig. 13 is a perspective view of one of the cam guide elements; Fig. 14 is an enlarged vertical section showing the details of the adjustable connection between the jamb actuating bars and the adjacent side frame members; Figure 15 is a perspective view of a strap guide shoe; Figure 16 is a side elevation showing the inner side of one of the symmetrical halves of the strap guide shoe; Figure 17 is a fragmental elevation of the sill portion of my window showing the operating mechanism therein contained; Figure 18 is a fragmental plan of the sill portion; Figure 19 is an elevation of a modified form of handle for operating the window mechanism; Figure 20 is a vertical section showing a modification to the coupling element to which the handle is adapted to be connected taken on the line 2a 2s of Figure 21; Figure 21 is a vertical section taken on the line 2l-2l of Figure 20; Figure 22, is an elevation of a carriage member which constitutes a part of the operating mechanism for my window; Figure 23 is an end View of the carriage of Figure 22; and, Figure 24 is a vertical section taken on the line 24-44 of Figure 2, the operating mechanism in the sill having been omitted for purposes of clarity.

In the preferred form of my improved window to which this description is directed the sash S, Figures 1 and 2, is enclosed in a frame F and is supported therewithin for rotation about the central vertical axis A of the frame and sash. The frame F consists of a head member l which serves as a lintel, a sill member 3, and vertically extending side members 2, 2 which are secured at opposite ends to the head i and sill 3. The head Ill and members 2, 2 are substantially identical in crosssectional size and shape and are preferably rolled or extruded from aluminum or other non-corrosive material and are generally U-shaped to afford rigidity in the assembled frame and to provide an enclosure for the operating mechanism of the window. It will be seen in Figures 5, 6 and 7 that each of the frame members has a backing wall or web 4 and inwardly extending legs 5, 5, the inner ends of which are bent backwardly as indicated at 5, 5. I have found this shape to be satisfactory from the standpoint of strength of these members as well as in providing a guideway between the inner ends 5', 5' of thelegs 5, 5 in which the movable jambs move transversely of the frame members, as will be explained more fully below. Each of the frame members 1 and 2, 2 also have an integrally formed upstanding flange or fin 6, see also Figures 3 and 4, which not only reinforces and gives greater strength to these members but also provide a means for anchoring and supporting the frame to and on the masonry of the building in which the window is installed.

As shown clearly in Figures 3 and 4, the ends of head member 1 and the upper ends of members 2, 2 are mitered to facilitate joining of these members and to enhance the appearance of the joint. These frame parts are tightly secured together by suitable means, and for this purpose I prefer to use channel shaped angle element 7 for each corner, see Figure 4, which element is a unit piece and extends part way into each frame member along the legs 5, 5 thereof as shown and is fastened by screws to the webs 4 after the mitered ends of the members are brought together. The element 6 in addition to reinforcing the corners of the frame also effectively seals the joint from foreign particles such as rain and dust and makes the joint light-proof. The lower ends of side members 2, 2 rest on the outboard ends of sill 3 and are secured thereto by suitable means as will be described more fully later. In order to actuate certain mechanisms within the sill 3 by which the sash S of the window is released and positioned for pivotal movement within the window frame, a handle 8, see Figures 1 and 2, is provided. The handle 8 is disposed on the inside of the window centrally of the sill and is adapted to pivot about a horizontal axis from the position shown in Figure 2 (closed), to the position in Figure 1 (open). It will be noted that the handle 8 in the open position lies below the sash so as not to obstruct pivotal movement of same. The entire operating mechanism by which the sash is locked or released for pivotal movement is controlled by the one handle 8 which therefore greatly simplifies the operation of the window. When the window is closed handle 8 may be disconnected and removed to prevent opening of the window by unauthorized personnel.

The sash S preferably comprises substantially identical top and side rails 10, Figures 1 and 2, having inwardly opening longitudinal extending grooves or recesses, Figures S, 6 and 7, for receiving edges of the glazing G and are suitably joined and secured together at their ends as by screws to form a continuous rigid and strong frame for the glazing. Preferably the top and side rails 10 of the sash are rolled or extruded from aluminum or other non-corrosive material. The outside surfaces of the rails 10 are fiat and beveled at the corners to permit a tight, rattleproof and sealing engagement with the jambs as will be explained below. The bottom rail 11 of sash S, Figure 7, preferably is somewhat larger than rails 19 in cross sectional dimensions and has a longitudinal T- shaped groove 13 formed on its outer surface for receiving a sealing strip 14 made of thin flexible material such as stainless steel, and a centrally disposed resilient backing member 15 between the rail and the strip 14. The edges of strip 14 extend into and are retained in the narrow portions 13', 13 of the groove 13 so as to move somewhat freely therewithin. The member 15, preferably a hollow tube of rubber or rubber-like material, causes the central portions of strip 14 to bulge outwardly from the rail so as to tightly engage adjacent portions of the sill and make an air tight seal between the sash and sill when the window is in the closed position.

The glazing G may be either a single sheet of plate glass as shown or two sheets of glass separated by an air space. The edges of the glazing preferably are tightly sealed and secured in the inwardly opening rail grooves by means of a U-shaped rubber-like strip 12 which tightly embraces the edges of the glazing and is disposed in the rail grooves as shown. The sealing strip 12 is fully described in my copending United States application, Serial No. 167,401 filed June 10, 1950. It will be noted that small flanges 16, see Figure 7, are formed on the lower edges of bottom rail 11 and overhang adjacent portions of the sill when the sash is in the-closed or sealed position. By this construction, the juncture of the sash and sill is effectively covered so that rain, dust, wind and other foreign matter are excluded therefrom when the window is closed. A top pivot pin 17 and a bottom pivot pin 113, Figure 4, suitably secured to the top and bottom rail of the sash at the central axis A thereof, project outwardly from the sash and into adjacent. portions of the 4 frame to guide the sash in pivotal movements relative to the frame.

In order to permit sealing and locking of the sash S in the plane of the frame F when the window is in the closed position as shown in Figures 2 and 5 and also to permit disengagement of the outer edges of the sash preliminary to swinging the sash about the central pivot axis A, 1 have provided a movable top jamb 18 and movable side jambs 19 and '20, see Figures 5, 6 and 7. Since the side jambs and the top jamb are substantially identical in cross-sectional shape and size, like reference characters will denote like parts on these jambs shown in the several drawings. The jambs 18, 19 and 20 preferably are rolled or otherwise formed from aluminum or other suitable non-corrosive material into substantially H-shaped sections and having side walls 21 and 22 and a web 23. The width of each jamb 20 is slightly less than the distance between the inturned portions 5, 5 of frame legs 5, 5 which permits these jambs to be telescopically mounted in the frame members as shown in Figures 5, 6 and 7 and to move or slide therein with a minimum of play and at the same time with a minimum of friction. The outer ends of jamb side Walls 21 and 22 have bent over inwardly facing legs 24 and 25 defining inner pockets 26 and 27 and outer shoulders 28 and 29. The other or inner ends of the walls 21 and 22 of the jambs have enlarged heads 30 and 31 which have inwardly tapering surfaces adapted to tightly and securely grip beveled edges of the sash when the jambs are moved to the closed position as shown in Figures 5 and 7. An air tight seal between movable jambs 18, 19 and 20 and the sash when the window is closed is effected by means of the sealing device which was described above in connection with the bottom rail 11 of the sash, except that the flexible stainless steel strip 32, Figures 5, 6 and 7, and resilient tubular backing member 34 are mounted on the face of each jamb. The edges of the strip 32 are adapted to fit loosely into slots or undercuts 33 in the heads 30, 31 adjacent web 23 of each jamb and the resilient member 34 is located behind thestrip substantially centrally of the jamb face. This sealing device operates in the same manner as the device described previously and effectively seals the jambs and sash when the window is closed.

As shown in Figure 24, the upper pivot pin 17 about which the sash is adapted to pivot is secured in a tapped hole 36 in the center of top rail 10 and extends through suitable apertures formed in sealing strip 32, backing member 34 and web 23 and into the opening of head member 1 of the frame. A block 37 fastened to the web 4 of the head member 1 midway between the ends thereof has a central bore 38 slightly larger in diameter than pin 17, the bore 38 being aligned with the vertical pivot axis A of the sash. The purpose of block 37 is to guide pivot pin 17 and thus sash S when the latter is rotated about its vertical axis. Bottom pivot pin 113 is similarly secured to bottom rail 11 of the sash and extends, in alignment with upper pin 17, through a suitable aperture in sill cover member and into engagement with a carriage member 95, Figure 22, which will be de scribed more fully below. A set screw 39 in the bottom rail 11 engages the shank of pin 113 and prevents same from turning when the sash S is rotated.

To insure that an air tight seal will exist between the movable jambs 18, 19 and 20 and the respective frame members 1 and 2, 2 into which they fit and move, I have provided flexible diaphragm means 35 which extends the full height and/ or width of the frame and which is cemented or otherwise bonded along one of its edges to one of the in-turned portions 5', 5 of the frame members along its other edge to the movable jambs as in pocket 26 thereof. The diaphragm 35 is preferably made of long wearingflexible material such as synthetic rubberized fabric as suggested in my co-pending application Serial No. 793,777, .filed December 26, 1947, or

may advantageously be made of light flexible metal such as berillium copper as suggested in my co-pending application Serial No. 606,007, filed July 19, 1945. The diaphragm is of sufficient length between its bonded ends to permit same to assume a deep U-shape as shown. By reason of its length, shape and bendable nature, the diaphragm allows the jambs 18, 19 and 20 to move transversely of the frame members from a retracted position away from the sash S as shown in Figure 6 to the advanced or closed position as shown in Figures 5 and 7 while maintaining at all times a fluid tight connection between the movable and stationary parts of the window. By this means, ingress of moisture, rain, dust and/ or any other undesirable foreign particles into the frame member and behind tthe movable jarnbs is effectively prevented.

In order to provide for transverse movement of the side jambs 19 and 20 as well as vertical movement of top jamb l3 and to synchronize movements of these jambs with a vertical movement or lifting of the sash S, vertically movable jamb actuating bars 49, see Figures 5, 6, 8 and 10, are disposed Within the side members 2, 2 of the frame F and behind or on the outboard side of the web 23 of side jambs i9 and 20. Each of the jamb actuating bars 40 is substantially identical in construction and is preferably made of suitable non-corrosive material such as aluminum. The jamb bars 40 are preferably channel shaped and have webs 41 and legs 42 and 43 depending therefrom. Each jamb bar is disposed in the recess of the side frame members 2, 2, Figures 5 and 6, so that the jamb bar web 41 is juxtaposed with the web 4 of these members and so that the legs 42 and 43 project inwardly toward the movable jambs.

In order to properly space the jarnb bars 40 from side frame members 2, 2 and at the same time permit said bars to move vertically relative to the frame, screws 44, Figures 8 and 14, having a plurality of washers 45 loosely mounted thereon are secured to and centrally of the webbing 4 of the side frame members at spaced intervals between the head 1 and sill 3. Keyhole shaped apertures 46, Figure 10, formed in the web 41 of the jarnb bars 40 and corresponding in number to the number of screws 44- that are used, provide the means for mounting bars 453 on these screws. One end 47 of each aperture 66 is circularly shaped and slightly larger in diameter than the diameter of washers 45 to permit bar 40 to be fitted over the washers. The other portion 48 of aperture 46 is elongated and somewhat narrow, being approximately the same in width as the diameter of the shank of screw 44. In the assembly of jarnb bars 4b with the window, each aperture 46 is initially fitted over washers 45, see Figure 14, until the desired spacing exists between web 41 of the jamb bar and web 4 of the side frame member. Thereafter, the bar is moved downwardly, as viewed in Figure 8, until the shank of screw 44 lies in the narrow portion 48 of the aperture. The predetermined spacing between the jamb bar and the frame will then be maintained on account of the washers that are disposed on each side of the jamb bar web 41, which washers because of their loose mounting on screw permit the jamb bar to move up and down without appreciable resistance to such movement. It will be noted that during vertical operating movements of jamb bar 4%, the shank of screw 44 lies in the narrow portion 48 of aperture 46 so that constant spacing of the bar from the frame is maintained at: all times.

The above described means for assembling the jamb bars on the side frame members not only ensures a constant spacing therebetween but also affords convenient adjustment of that spacing throughout the length of the jamb bars. In other words, the jamb bars may be mounted on the side frames so as to extend at various angles thereto as may be desired. This feature not only facilitates the assembly of these parts but also permits the frame to accommodate sash units that are out of square as may result from unevenly cut glazing sheets and/or inaccurate assembly of the sash rails. As will appear more clearly below from the description of the other components of the window, angular adjustment of the jarnb bars permits the movable jambs 19 and to be properly aligned with the edges of the sash so as to uniformly engage and seal the same when the window is in the closed position.

Apertures 46 in the jamb bars are spaced vertically from each other by progressively lesser amounts from bottom to top in order to facilitate assembly of the jamb bars on screws 44. For example, the screws are secured to the side frame members at suitably spaced points, say 12 inches. In this case, the space between the two lowermost apertures 46 in the bar 40 will be less than 12 inches, say 11% inches. Proceeding upwardly the spacing between the second lowermost apertures 46 and the next adjacent aperture will be progressively less, say 11 /2 inches. in like manner the rest of the apertures are spaced closer together. By means of this varied spacing of the apertures 46, the installation of the jamb bar within the side frame members 2, 2 is greatly facilitated since each screw 44 and washers thereon may be inserted one at a time through the corresponding aperture 46 in the jamb bar. This allows the workman to concentrate on making one aperture and screw connection at a time rather than trying to fit all apertures throughout the length of the jamb bar on the several screws and washers.

As heretofore mentioned, screws 46 are secured to the web of the side frame members 2,2. Referring to Figure 14, I prefer to retain each of screws 44 in the side frame member by means of an adapter element 50 which is press fitted and securely held in a suitable aperture in the web of each side frame member and which is threaded internally as indicated at 51 to receive the threaded end of screw 44. Element 50 permits economical assembly of the respective parts and also affords a stable and secure engagement of the screw 44 with the web 4 of the frame.

Each of the jamb actuating bars 4% is connected at its lower end as indicated at 53, Figure 8, to a flexible strap 54 which passes downwardly from the end of the bar td into the top of a shoe or guide block 55, Figures 15 and 16, wherein it bends around a 90 curve, passes out of the guide block and extends transversely of the window along the sill to a point of connection with the operating mechanism located in the sill centrally of the window. Guide clips 52, Figures 9 and 18, having raised central portions to receive strap 54, are fastened by screws to the siil between blocks 55 and the operating mechanism and serve to guide the strap in movements over the sill. Each strap 54 preferably is formed from a thin sheet of suitabie non-corrosive material such as stainless steel which is capable of transmitting compression and tension forces throughout its len th and at the same time is bendable so as to negotiate the turn within the guide block 55. Two of such straps 5'4 are employed in my window, each being connected as described above to the bottom of the jarnb actuating bars 40 located behind each of the movable jambs on the sides of the window. The operating mechanism in the sill, which will be described in detail later, is constructed so that when the handle or crank 8, see Figures 1, 2 and 18, is rotated in one direction, each of the straps 54 by means of their connection to the mechanism will be moved in opposite directions whereby to efiect simultaneous and equal movement of the jamb actuating bars 40 vertically in the same direction. Conversely, rotation of the handle 8 in the opposite direction will cause the jamb bars 40 to move simultaneously in a reverse direction.

As shown at the top of Figure 8, the upper end of each jamb bar 40 is connected to the outboard ends of the top movable jamb 18 through resilient means such as the spring 56. The top jamb 18 is disposed loosely within the head 1 of the frame F and thus is free to float within and with respect to the head 1. Simultaneous movement of the side jamb actuating bars downwardly as viewed in Figure 8 causes spring 56 to stretch which transmits a resilientpulling force equally on both ends of top jamb 13 to move same downwardly. Thus, when sash S is in the plane of the frame and aligned with top jamb 18, the top rail of the sash will be resiliently engaged, locked and sealed in the closed position. Movement of the jamb bars upwardly reduces the tension on springs until, at the upper limit of movement of the bars, only a slight tension exists in the springs 56. In other words, when bars 40 have been moved to the window open position, top jamb 18 will still engage the top rail of sash S under light pressure for reasons which will appear in the subsequent description. Tension on springs 56 may be initially adjusted by suitable means such as bolt and nut means on the top jamb as indicated at 57.

In order to effect movement of the side jambs 19 and 20 inwardly toward the sash for locking and sealing same in the closed position and outwardly from the sash to free same for rotation or pivoting about the vertical axis A, cam members and 61, see Figures ll, l2 and l3, secured to opposite side walls 21, 22 of the jambs are provided. These cam members tit and 61 are substantially identical in structure except that they are of opposite hand, and comprise a plurality of V-shaped pins or projections 62 arranged to define X channels or grooves 63 and 64. Figure 12, which cross each other as shown and extend at an angle preferably of about 60 with the vertical axis of jambs 19 and 2t Bosses 65 formed on the back side of cam members 6%) and 61 are adapted to fit snugly between the webs 23 and shoulders 23, 29 on the jambs and are adapted to receive screws for holding said members in position on the jambs. U-shaped followor elements 66, Figure 10, suitably secured to the jamb actuating bar 49 are provided to co-operate with and coact with these cam members and for this purpose have angularly disposed follower flanges or ribs 67 projecting outwardly from each side of the followers and jamb bars 40 so as to ride or slide within one of the channels 63, 64 when each jamb bar is in operating assembled position with respect to the movable jamb. Follower flanges 67 extend along the element 66 at substantially the same angle with respect to the vertical axis of the jamb bar as the angle of the grooves 63 and 64 with the vertical axis of the movable jamb. Thus, when the jamo bars 40 are assembled with the movable side jambs 19, 20 with follower flanges 67 disposed within one of the grooves 63 or 64 of the cam members, the bars as and jambs 19, 29 will be in juxtaposition. it should be noted in passing that the construction of cam members 6%) and 61 with X-like grooves or channels permits these members to be used with either of the jarnbs 19, 20, thus permitting standardization of these parts with resultant savings.

Preferably I employ two sets of cam actuating members 61 located at suitably spaced intervals on each of jambs 19, 20. When jamb actuating bars 4% are moved upwardly as viewed in Figure 8, follower flanges 67, disposed in channels'63 of cam members 6%, 61, Fig; ures 11 and 12, will cause the side jambs to retract and move away from the sash. In the same manner, downward movement of the jamb bars causes an inward movement of the movable jambs 2i) toward and ultimately into engagement with the sash of the window.

As shown in Figures 15 and 16, each of the two guide blocks 55 are formed in two symmetrical half portions 76, 71 suitably joined as shown in Figure 15 to form a complete unit. Each half portion 79, 71 preferably is die cast and is provided with curved inwardly projecting ridges or flanges 72 and 73, see Figure 16, which are spaced apart so as to define therebetween a channel 74. When the two halves are joined together a continuous guideway is formed through which flexible strap 54 passes and is guided around a smooth right angle bend within the block on its way from connection to the jamb bar 40- to-the operating mechanism in the sill.

Guide blocksSS when assembled in the window rest on the sill and fit into the inside corners of the sill and side frame members" 2, '2'. I. prefer tofor'm the guide bloc-ks 55 with flanges 75 and 76' which may be secured by suitable means such as screws to the sill and frame members to hold the blocks in position. This construction also affords a means of bracing and securing each of the side frame members to the sill.

Referring'now to Figures l7, l8, l9 and 20 the sill 4 extends across the full width of the lower portion of the window and comprises a channel shaped base member 79, Figures 7 and 8,'which may be formed as by rolling aluminum stock or other suitable material. Member 79 has flat base portion 80, from the outer ends of which depend downwardly extending legs 81 and 82 which facilitate mounting and positioning the window frame on supporting parts of the building proper. Memoer 79 also has spaced longitudinally extending wall portions 33 and 84 projecting-upwardly from the top surface of the base portion which form a channel in which the operating mechanism for the window is disposed as will be described below. A channel shaped cover member 85, Figure 8, having sides 86 and S7 and top wall 88 is adapted to be disposed on the base 80 of the sill with sides 86 and 87 fitted snugly over the outside of walls 83' and 84. Cover member completely encloses the operating mechanism and shields same from from foreign particles such as dust, dirt, rain and the like. It will be noted in Figure 9 that the outboard ends 89 of cover member 85 extendinto the recess of side frame members 2, 2 with said ends spaced from the web 4 of the frame members sufiiciently to permit fiexible straps 54 to pass upwardly to their point of connection with jamb actuating bars 40. The lower ends of the movable jambs 19, 20 rest on the top surface of cover wall 88 and are supported for sliding movement thereon. Screws90, Figures 17 and 18', may be employed to securely fasten cover 85 to member 79 of the sill when the window parts are completely assembled.

The mechanism for effecting vertical movements of the movable jambs 18, 19 and 20 and for positioning the window for rotation about a vertical axis consists of a pinion 92, Figures 17 and 18, a top rack 93 and a bottom rack 94, each of which is provided with rows of teeth for oppositely engaging teeth on the pinion,

and a carriage member 95' which is adapted to move longitudinally of the sill. Projecting outwardly from the pinion and through a suitable recess in the upstanding wall 34 is a pinion shaft 97 which merges into an adapter head 98 recessed on its outer face as indicated in dotted lines at 99 to receive a mating key 100 on the face of handle 8. The recess 99 is irregularly shaped as is the key 100 to insure that handle 8 is properly connected to the head 98 so that the handle 8 will extend below the top surface 88 of cover 85 when the jambs are retracted to the open position so as to not obstruct the pivoting action of the sash. Preferably, the shank 8a of handle 8 extends in a substantially horizontal plane between base 89 of the sill 4 and the top of cover 85 when it is initially connected to the head 93, the mechanism being arranged so that a /2 turn of the handle 3 will effect complete movement of the mechanism to position the parts of the window to the open position.

As an additional feature of safety, an alternate construction shown in Figures 21 and 22 is provided which ensures that the handle 8 will be connected to the adapter head 98 for rotating the pinion 92 only when the pinion is in the window closed position and which also prevents the handle from being disconnected from the head 98 when the window is in the open position. For this purpose I have provided a small angle shaped plate 101, Figures 20 and 21 suitably secured to the top surface of sill member 79 in front of adapter head 98. Plate 101 has an aperture 102 formed to substantially the same sizeand shape as the recess 99 in the head 98 and oriented on the plate to a position corresponding to the position of recess in the head 98 when the pinion is in the window closed posi ion. Key 160 on handle 8, Figure 22, is spaced slightly from the enlarged portion of the handle so that when same is inserted through aperture 192 in the plate M31 and into recess 99 of the adapter head 98, handle 8' cannot be removed therefrom unless the key 1% is aligned with aperture 192, that is to say, when the pinion is in the window closed position.

Racks 93 and 94, Figures 17 and 18, are disposed above and below pinion 92 and in meshing engagement therewith so that rotation of the pinion in one direction will cause rack top 3 to move longitudinally of the sill in one direction while bottom rack 94 moves in the opposite direction. One end of top rack 93, that is, the left end as viewed in Figure 17, is connected to a block 1t which in turn is connected to the inboard end of one of the flexible straps 5'4 as indicated at 1&5. The other end of bottom rack 94, that is, the right end as viewed in the same figure, is similarly connected to block 106 which is also connected to the inboard end of the other strap 54 as indicated at 187. The same end of bottom rack 5" is also fastened to carriage member 595, that is, to flange 1&8 thereof, so that movement of rack causes the same movement of carriage 95.

Carriage member 95 is an elongated hollow and somewhat box-like member which may be formed as by die casting and which is corrosion proof, strong and rigid in construction. Rollers 1153 suitably journaled in the sides of the member provide rolling support therefor over the base 36 of sill piece '79. As shown clearly in Figure 22, the central portion 111 of the top surface of the carriage is uniformly inclined relative to the horizontal plane, and rises gradually from a low portion 112 to the top of the carriage, the slope being in the order of 15 to 20 degrees. A bottom sash pivot pin 113, indicated in dot-dash lines in Figures 17 and 22, is firmly secured to the bottom rail 11 of sash S and extends downwardly therefrom along the central vertical axis of the sash through a suitable aperture in top wall 83 of sill cover 85 and into engagement with the inclined surface 111 of the carriage member.

When the window operating mechanism is in the window closed position, the carriage member 95 is so located with respect to pin 113 that the latter engages the lower portion 112 of the inclined surface 111. The sash S, and particularly bottom rail 11 of the sash rests on and is sealed against the top wall 88 of cover member 85, Fi ure 7, so that substantially the full weight of the sash is borne by this cover member. When handle a is rotated to initiate movement of the operating mechanism to the window open position, carriage member 95 will move to the right as seen in Figures 17 and i8 and sash pivot pin 113 riding on the inclined surface 111, will be moved upwardly. As the carriage continues to move it assumes the full load of the sash through pin 113 and causes the sash to move vertically until it is clear of the sill cover 85' and in position to pivot freely about pin 113. it will be noted that the distance which pin 113 and thus the sash S move vertically is less than the distance through which racks 94 and 95 move horizontally; therefore, jamb actuating bars as, Figure 8, by reason of connection to these racks through straps 54, will have wider limits of vertical movement than does the sash S. When the sash is raised to the window open position top jamb 18 will likewise ride upwardly with the sash; however, because of the differential in movement of the sash and jamb bars it? the force with which top jamb 1:3 is pressed against the top rail of the sash by the a tion of springs 56 will be reduced. This effects unlocking of the top jamb 18 from the sash at the upper limit of movement of the sash.

The sequence of movement of the various parts of my window as occurs during the operation of positioning the sash S and the movable jambs 18, 19 and 211 to the open position, that is, to the position wherein the edges of the sash are disengaged from adjacent parts of the window so that same may be pivoted about the vertical axis, is as follows: crank handle 8 is operably connected to the pinion 92, Figures 17 and 18, and is rotated in a counterclockwise direction as viewed in Figure l7. Rotation of pinion 92 in this direction causes top rack 93 to move to the left and bottom rack 94 to the right, both movements of the rack being simultaneous and of equal amounts. The rack movement in turn causes flexible straps 54 to move outwardly away from the pinion and also causes carriage member 95 to move to the right so as to effect simultaneous elevation of sash pivot pin 113 and thus the sash S. By reason of the connection of the flexible straps 54, Figure 8, to jarnb actuating bars 40, said bars move upwardly within the side frame members 2, 2 and cause the movable side jambs to be retracted, Figure 6, from the side rails 14 of the sash through the co-action of cam member 6%, 61 on the movable jambs and follower elements 66 on the bars 40.

Upward movement of the bars 4i reduces the pres sure of springs 56, Figure 8, on the ends of top jarnb 18 and thereby unlocks the top rail of the sash from the top jamb. I prefer that there be a slight amount of tension on springs 56 when the sash is unlocked so that top jamb 13 maintains contact with the sash under light pressure. When the sash is rotated, jamb 18 rides up on the top rail of the sash; after of rotation the jarnb again snaps down on the top rail. Thus, the top jamb functions as a releasable stop to facilitate aligning the sash S with the plane of the window frame after the sash has been rotated about its vertical axis. When the handle 8 has been rotated to the extreme limit of movement, the side jambs will have been fully retracted from the side rails of the sash, and the sash itself will have been elevated from and clear of the sill. cover 35' by the action of bottom pivot pin 113 riding up the inclined surface 111 of the carriage member 5 5. The sash then may be rotated by manual application of force at the ends thereof so as to pivot about its vertical axis through 180 degrees or back to the original position from which it started.

When it is desired to lock and seal the sash in position after reversal of same for example, in cleaning the window, the sash is rotated until the top movable jamb snaps down on the top rail of the sash as described above. The handle 3 is then rotated in the opposite direction until the sash is sealed tightly against the sill cover 85 and the movable jambs 18, 19 and 20.

In event the sash S is not truly rectangular as may result from non-rectangular glazing sheets or errors in assembly of the sash or otherwise, the sash is assembled with the frame so that sash bottom rail 11 rests on and uniformly engages sill cover member Side movable jambs 19 and Zii' are aligned with adjacent sash si c rails fit by means of adjustment of the spacing of jamb actuating bars it? from the web 4 of the side frame members 2, 2 as heretofore explained in connection with Figure 14. This adjustment is eifected before the sash S is assembled with the frame F. The side jam s and 2t will therefore be adapted to move into ltnll engagement with the sash while being disposed at an angle with the vertical axis of the side frame members 2, 2. Alignment of top jamb 18 with top rail 1% of the sash may be effected by simply adjusting the tension on springs se, Figure 8, so that said jarnb likewise is adapted to uniformly engage the sash while being disposed at an angle to the horizontal axis of head 1 of the frame. The provision for this adjustment in the present window not only compensates for inaccuracies in the shape of the sash member but also insures that the operation of the window will not be impaired if the 11 frame F is assembled-so'asnot tobe accurately aligned with the sash.

While a preferred embodiment of this invention has been described indetail, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes can be made in the details of construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the principles of the invention and scope of the appended claims;

I claim:

1. In a window, the combination of a frame, a sash pivotally supported in said frame, sash lifting means engageable with said sash independently of said frame for raising and lowering said sash relative to and within the plane of said frame, top and bottom jambs engaging said sash in closed-position, one of said jambs being fixed in the frame and the other movable in the direction of sash movement, and means associated with the sides of said frame for engaging and releasing said sash.

2. In a window, the combination of a frame, a sash, side jambs engageable with said sash in closed position and disengageable therefrom in released position, jamb actuating means for moving said side jambs from said closed position to said released position, sash lifting means engageable with said sash independently of said frame for raising and lowering said sash relative to and in the plane of said frame, and means operatively connecting said jamb actuating means and said sash lifting means for moving said side jambs simultaneously with raising and lowering of said sash.

3. In a window, the combination of a sash, a frame, means for pivotally supporting said sash in said frame, jambs telescopically disposed in said frame engageable with the said sash, jamb actuating means for actuating said jambs to grip and release said sash, carriage means under the sash supported on said frame between the sash and frame and operable for raising and lowering said sash relative to said frame, and connecting means between said jamb actuating means and said carriage means for actuating said jambs simultaneously with raising and lowering of said sash.

4. In a window, the combination of a sash, a frame, means for pivotally supporting said sash in said frame for rotation about a vertical axis, carriage means for raising and lowering said sash relative to said frame, top and bottom jambs engageable with said sash in closed position, one of said jambs being fixed in said frame and the other movable in the direction of raising and lowering movements of said sash, jamb actuating means for actuating said other of said jambs simultaneously with raising and lowering of said sash.

5. The combination according to claim 4 which includes means correlating the operation of said carriage means and said jamb actuating means for effecting movement of said other of said jarnbs to a greater extent than the raising and lowering movements of said sash.

6. In a window, a sash, a frame, side and top jambs telescopically disposed in and movable relative to said frame, a carriage member supported for movement on said frame, means for raising and lowering said sash relative to said frame in response to movements of said carriage member, a manually operable mechanism associated with said carriage member for actuating movement of same, vertically slidable elements connected to said side jambs for advancing and retracting same toward and away from said sash, resilient means connecting said top jamb and said elements, and means correlating movements of said carriage member and said elements for moving said jambs simultaneously, with raising and lowering movements of said sash.

7. In a window, the combination of a sash, a frame having a fixed sill portion and side jambs and a top jamb, pivot pins on said sash projecting from opposite sides thereof for pivotally supporting saidsash in said frame for rotation about-a vertical axis, said jambs being movable relative to and in the plane of said frame to engage and release said sash, jamb actuating bars in juxtaposition with said side jambs and slidably connected to and adjustably spaced from said frame, said bars extending substantially parallel to adjacent edge portions of said sash, means connecting said bars and said side jambs to move said jambs in directions normal to adjacent side edges of said sash in response to sliding movement of said bars relative to said frame, a cam member on said sill portion adapted to engage one of said pivot pins, manually operable mechanism for moving said cam member longitudinally of said sill portion whereby to raise and lower said sash relative to said frame, and means connecting said mechanism and said bars for moving said bars simultaneously with movement of said cam member.

8. In a window, a sash, a substantially rectangular frame having a head, side members and a sill, said head and side members having a channel shaped cross section, a top jamb and side iambs extending longitudinally of said head and side members, respectively, and telescopically movable therewithin transversely of said sash to engage and release same, jamb actuating bars interposed between said side jambs and said side members and carried by said side members for longitudinal movement relative'thereto, means for moving said side jambs transversely of said sash in response to longitudinal movement of said bars, and means for moving said bars simultaneously and by equal amounts including a pinion carried by said sill, a top rack and a bottom rack operably engaging opposite portions of the periphely of said pinion, a pair of flexible straps attached to said racks and connected to said bars, and handle means for actuating said pinion.

9. The window according to claim 8 in which said bars are resiliently connected to opposite ends, respectively, of said top jamb.

10. The window according to claim 8 in which said sash bars are axially aligned oppositely projecting top and bottom pivot pins connected thereto to guide same for rotation about the axis of said pins relative to said frame, said means also including a carriage member supported for movement on said sill and having an upwardly facing and inclining surface thereon, and means for connecting said carriage to one of said racks, said bottom pivot pin engaging said surface whereby said sash is raised and lowered relative to said frame when said carriage member is moved on said sill.

11. A reversible window having a frame including vertically extending side members and a horizontal sill portion secured at its ends to said members, a sash pivotally supported by said frame for rotation about a vertical axis, a movable jamb disposed in each of said side members and extending longitudinally thereof, a jamb actuating bar slidably connected to each of said side members for movement in a substantially vertical direction and interposed between each side member and associated jamb, means connecting said bar and said jamb for moving the latter normal to said bar in response to vertical movements of said bar, and means for moving said bars simultaneously and by equal amounts including a manually operable mechanism carried by said sill, and a pair of flexible straps connected to said mechanism and each of said bars and actuated by said mechanism to have push-pull movements relative to said frame whereby to move said bars in a vertical direction.

12. The window according to claim 11 in which one portion of each of said straps extends longitudinally of said sill and another portion thereof extends transversely of said sill, stationary guide blocks carried by said sill at the outboard ends thereof each having a curved strap receiving channel for guiding portions of each strap intermediate said one and said another portions thereof.

13. The window according to claim 11 in which said mechanism includes a pinion carried by said sill and man- 13 ually rotatable about a horizontal axis, a top rack and a bottom rack each operably engaging opposite portions of the periphery of said pinion, each of said straps being connected to opposite ends of said top and bottom racks, respectively.

14. In a Window having a frame and a sash adapted in one position to lie in the plane of the frame, side jambs movable in the plane of said frame, vertically movable jamb actuating elements in juxtaposition with said jambs slidably connected to and adjustably spaced from said frame, said elements extending substantially parallel to adjacent edge portions of said sash when said sash is in said one position, cam means connecting said elements and said jambs for moving said jambs in response to vertical movements of said elements, means for sliding said element relative to said frame, a top jamb resting on and engageable at all times with the top of the sash and being movable in the plane of said frame and extending transversely of said side jambs, and resilient means connecting said elements and said top jamb whereby pressure of engagement of said top jamb With said sash is varied by vertical movement of said elements.

15. A window having a substantially rectangular frame including side members, a sash member, jamb actuating bars extending longitudinally of said side members and slidingly connected thereto, spacer elements between said bars and said members at spaced intervals therealong for adjustably spacing said bars from said members, said spacer elements comprising a screw secured to either of said side members and a plurality of washers mounted on said screw, said bars having elongated apertures adapted to receive said washers and said screws, movable jambs extending parallel to said bars, and means for moving said jambs in response to sliding movement of said bars relative to said members.

16. A window having a substantially rectangular frame including side members, a sash member, jamb actuating bars extending longitudinally of said side members and slidingly connected thereto, spacer elements between said bars and said members at spaced intervals therealong for adjustably spacing said bars from said members, movable jambs extending parallel to said bars, and means for moving said jambs in response to sliding movement of said bars relative to said members comprising cam elements carried by said bars and having oppositely disposed ribs projecting therefrom at an angle to the direction of move ment of said bars, cam pieces carried by said jambs having grooves for receiving said fins whereby longitudinal movement of said bars induces movement of said jambs in directions toward and away from said sash member.

17. The combination according to claim 3 with antifriction means between said carriage means and said frame to facilitate movement of said carriage means relative to said frame.

18. A reversible window having a frame including a vertically extending side member and a horizontal sill portion secured at its end to said member, a sash pivotally supported by said frame for rotation about an axis, a movable jamb disposed in said side member and extending longitudinally thereof, a jamb actuating bar connected to said side member for movement in a substantially vertical direction and interposed between the side member and the jamb, means connecting said bar and said jamb for moving the latter normal to said bar in response to vertical movements of said bar, and means for moving said bar including a manually operable mechanism carried by said sill, and a flexible strap connect-ed to said mechanism and to said bar and actuated by said mechanism for movement relative to said frame whereby to move said bar in a vertical direction.

19. A reversible window having a frame including vertically extending side members and a horizontal sill portion secured at its ends to said members, a sash pivotally supported by said frame for rotation about an axis, movable jambs disposed in said side members and extending longitudinally thereof, jamb actuating bars connected to each of said side members for movement in a substantially vertical direction and interposed between each side member and associated jamb, means connecting said bars and said jambs for moving the latter normal to said bars in response to vertical movements of said bars, and means for moving said bars simultaneously and by equal amounts including a manually operable mechanism carried by said sill, and flexible straps connected to said mechanism and to each of said bars and actuated by said mechanism for movement relative to said frame whereby to move said bars in a vertical direction.

20. In a window, the combination of a sash, a frame having a fixed sill portion and side jambs, means for supporting said sash on said frame for rotation about an axis, said jambs being movable relative to and in the plane of said frame to engage and release said sash, jamb actuating bars in juxtaposition with said side jambs and slidably connected to said frame, said bars extending substantially parallel to adjacent edge portions of said sash, means connecting said bars to said side jambs to move said jambs in directions normal to adjacent side edges of said sash in response to sliding movement of said bars relative to said frame, and mechanism for moving said bars simultaneously comprising flexible straps, one portion of each of said straps extending longitudinally of said sill, another portion of each strap extending transversely of said sill and connected to the associated bar, means for simultaneously moving said one portion of each strap longitudinally of the sill, stationary guide blocks carried by said sill at the outboard ends thereof, each of said guide blocks having a curved strap receiving channel for guiding portions of each strap intermediate said one and said another portions thereof.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 594,356 Davis et a1. Nov. 23, 1897 801,506 Blanchard Oct. 10, 1905 1,294,189 Stilling Feb. 11, 1919 1,321,224 Marvin Nov. 11, 1919 1,826,121 Brogie Oct. 6, 1931 2,117,391 Adams May 17, 1938 2,207,065 McCormick July 9, 1940 2,268,114 Foster et al Dec. 30, 1941 2,275,955 Goellner Mar. 10, 1942 2,288,558 Vose June 30, 1942

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