US2723439A - Looms - Google Patents

Description

Nov. 15, 1955 s, DONIGER 2,723,439

LOOMS Filed Sept. 1. 1954 IN VEN TOR.

JU/VDEI. D0/V/6E)? United States Patent LOOMS Sundel Doniger, New York, N. Y.

Application September 1, 1954, Serial No. 453,577 3 Claims. 01. 28,15

This invention relates to looms and, more particularly,

' to hand looms for fixedly carrying warp threads onto which are to be woven weft threads together with beads or the like for the production of beaded belts and other similar articles.

An object of the invention, generally considered, is to provide a simple, cheap, and light loom, and yet one that is adequately sturdy and durable, and one that may be supplied to the consumer in knocked-down condition but very readily assembled and when desired returned to its knocked-down condition.

Another object of the invention is to produce a loom formed of a minimum number of parts, and specifically formed with two alike end members and a single spacer bar.

A further specific object is to provide a spacer bar which is foldable longitudinally'but which tends to expand laterally when applied to the end members and interlock therewith.

An important object of. the invention is to both provide shoulders on the spacing bar for locating the end members with respect to said spacer bar and to provide means I on the spacer bar for engagement of the warp threads.

Other objects and advantages and novel features of construction involved in the invention will become apparent to persons skilled in the art to which it appertains, as the description proceeds, both by direct recitation thereof and by implication from the context.

Referring to the accompanying drawing, in which like numerals of reference indicate the same or similar parts throughout the several views;

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a loom embodying my invention and set up for use;

Figure 2 is a face view of the spacer bar, flattened out as it would normally be received by the consumer, and partly broken away between ends thereof;

Figure 3 is an elevational view of one of the headers or end members;

Figure 4 is a transverse sectional view on line IVIV of Fig. 2, in the direction of the arrows;

Figure 5 is a fragmentary exploded view, showing how an end of the spacer bar is inserted in, and removed from, the receiving aperture of an end member;

Figure 6 is an end view of a header or end member, with the spacer bar in position for insertion in or withdrawal from said end member; and

Figure 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6, but showing the relationship of the parts after the spacer bar has been opened or allowed to expand from the shut together condition of Figs. 5- and 6, to an angular form or divergent condition to the maximum permitted by the header in which it is mounted and at which position it interlocks with said header.

In the specific embodiment of the invention illustrated in said drawing, the loom is shown as consisting of a frame having end members or headers 11, connected in use to each end of a normally angular spacer bar 12. These end members or headers, when in use, normally stand in ver- 2,723,439 Patented Nov. 15, 1955 tical planes parallel to one another, and the ends of the spacer bar pass through receiving apertures 13 in said headers and interlock with respect thereto. The upper edge of each header is formed with a series of uniformly spaced notches 14 which receive and correspondingly space the warp threads 15 which are used to make the beaded belts or other articles in conjunction with weft threads (not shown) woven as usual in hand looms.

Although the end members or headers 11 and spacer bar 12 may be formed as plain sheets of suitable material, such as cardboard, wood, plastic or metal, I desirably form the same of adequately rigid, self-supporting, combination of three plies of materials. In the present embodiment of both said headers and said spacer bar, there is center sheet or ply 16 preferably formed of strong, light wood, with the grain running longitudinally, but may, however, be any other suitable relatively strong material. Both faces of the center ply 16 are shown covered with a facing ply 17 of thin material such as strong cardboard, cloth or the like which is adhered throughout the faces of the center ply on which juxtaposed.

In the construction of the spacer bar, there are primarily two members or leaves of duplicate configuration each with a longitudinal straight edge enabling said leaves to be hinged together thereat and to assume 'a troughlike relation in use. The center ply of each leaf accordingly is discontinuous from or non-integral with the other. Likewise, at one side of the center ply, the facing ply thereat is individual to each leaf, but the facing ply at the other side is continuous across the said straight edges of the leaves and constitutes a hinge 19 for the same at their longitudinal junction. In practice, the facing ply 17 common to both leaves is applied and adhered while the leaves are in extended or flat relation and the ply 17 is both strong enough and resilient enough to tend to keep the leaves flattened out, or substantially so, until positively folded and held folded toward each other from such flat relationship. The thickness of the leaves is such that folding is only permissible with the integral facing ply 17 common to the two leaves swinging toward each other within the resultant trough.

In order to elfect interlocking and a relatively rigid connection between the spacer bar 12 and the end members or headers 11, the receiving apertures 13 of the headers, each desirably comprises a relatively large part 22, defined by inner side edges 23 diverging upwardly to and terminated by downwardly concave upper edges 24. These upper edges 24 extend toward each other and are interrupted by interception with side edges of a slot 25 that extends upwardly from said large part 22 of said aperture. Said slot 25 has a width corresponding with the double thickness (six plies) of material presented when the spacer bar 12 is bent or folded from the fiat condition, illustrated in Fig. 2, to the doubled or collapsed position represented in Figures 5 and 6.

The distance between the top of the slot 25 and the bottom of the relatively large portion 22 of aperture 13 corresponds with the height of a hooked end portion 26 of the spacer bar 12. These hooked portions 26 are each separated from a shoulder 27 transverse to the leaf, by an upwardly opening notch 28, the dimension of said notch in a direction longitudinally of the leaf corresponding, with the thickness of a header to which it is applied. The inward terminus of each said notch is at a distance from the hinging of the leaves substantially equal to the radial distance of the arcuate upper edges 24 of large opening 22 from the middle of the bottom of said opening, so that as the leaves are swung apart after entry into said opening, the said terminus of each notch will ride along said arc. At the same time, said shoulders 27 will swing along the adjacent face of the header, extending upwardly beyond said arcuate edges and therefore constituting abutments preventing displacement of the headers inwardly of the spacer bar under tensions applied by warp threads-15 when said threads are severally engaged under the hook 26 as in the illustration of Fig. 1.

By virtue of the construction described, it will be clear that the spacer bar 12 may be folded together or collapsed, and then may be inserted in or withdrawn from the apertures .13 in the headers 11, as indicated by the position shown in Figures 5 and 6. However, when the spacer bar is opened or allowed to expand with the leaves diverging in the angular position viewed in Figures 1 and 7, portions of the headers 11 on both sides of the slots 25 are locked in the notches 28 of the spacer bar, so that the loom will stand in assembled condition and unintentional disengagement is prevented. Also when the warp threads 15 are connected, as viewed in Fig. 1, their tension pulls the hooked ends 26 of the spacer bar against the outer surfaces of the headers, and pushes said headers inwardly to cause the inner faces to engage the shoulders 27 on said spacer bar, so that a relatively rigid structure is produced. This occurs even though the material from which made may be relatively light and thin. It will be appreciated that by virtue of using the spacer bar in the assembly with the leaves of said bar angularly diverging, correspondingly greater rigidity is thereby provided for the structure.

From the foregoing, it will be seen thatl have produced a light, cheap, rigid and readily knocked-down loom formed of only three parts. Although it will be noted that no adjustability as to length or breadth is directly provided in the three parts disclosed, yet diflerent lengths may be secured by substituting for spacer bars of one length another spacer bar of different length. Similarly adjustability as to width may be obtained by substituting 4 for headers of one width other headers of a different width. Furthermore, while only one form is illustrated, modifications may be made within the spirit and scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. A loom of the character described, comprising a pair of headers each having openings therein, and a single spacer bar extending between said headers and having shoulders for engagement therewith, and said spacer bar having ends projectable through said openings of the header and engagcable with both the inside and the outside faces thereof with an interlocking engagement therewith, and said spacer bar terminating with hook formation of said ends.

2. A loom of the character described, comprising a pair of headers each having an opening therein, and a foldable spacer bar the ends whereof are insertable through said openings in folded condition of said spacer bar, and said openings being formed with slots admitting said ends thereat only when the spacer bar is folded and the headers thereby preventing withdrawal of the spacer bar from said openings while said spacer bar is expanded from its completely folded condition.

3. A spacer bar for a hand loom, comprising a pair of leaves having longitudinal straight edges hinged together whereby said leaves may be folded fiatwise together and may also be spread apart into trough form, said leaves each having hooks at each end thereof and having abutment shoulders inwardly of said hooks.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

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