US2702414A - Inside storm window for casement windows - Google Patents

Description

Feb. 22, 1955 J. M. HOLDEN 2,702,414

INSIDE STORM wINDow FOR CASEMENT wINnows Filed Oct. 5, 1953 2 Sheets-Sheet l Feb. 22, 1955 J. M. HOLDEN msnm STORM WINDOW FOR cAsEMENT wINDows 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed oct. 5, 1955 United States Patent G INSIDE STORM WINDOW FOR CASEMENT WINDOWS James Minsllall Holden, Media, Pa.

Application October 5, 1953, Serial No. 384,042

4 Claims. (Cl. 20-55) This invention relates to an inner window for use in a window opening having an outer or primary window of the casement type and has for an object the combination of sliding and hinged window sections in such a manner that the inner window provides complete storm and insect protection at the same time permittlng ready access to the normal operating and locking devices of the casement window without altering such devices, thereby retaining all the eiciency and protection originally provided in the casement window.

The provision of a satisfactory storm or screen wmdow for primary windows of the casement type has long been a problem. Since the conventional Casement windows include one or more pivoted sections that are adapted to be swung outwardly as by a hand-crank, it is necessary to place the storm window or screen for the casement Window on the inside of the casement window to avoid interference with the swinging section. Since there is only a limited space on the frame surrounding the window opening to place the inner window, it is necessary that the inner window be installed as close as possible to the outer casement window. In doing this, it has frequently been necessary to le off a portion of the lock on the casement window so that the lock could be operated in the limited space that was available. Such procedure decreased the effectiveness of the lock on the casement window, thus making it easier for the lock to be forced open from the outside. In one form of prior art inner window for a casement window, it was necessary to remove the inner window before the casement window could be closed or opened as the case might be. This was a distinct disadvantage and particularly so if the casement window were open and it started to rain as considerable water damage could be done before it would be possible to remove the inner screen window and close the casement window. In another type of prior art inner window for a casement Window, the inner windows were so constructed as to permit the hand-crank of the casement window to extend through the inner window, thus eliminating the aforementioned disadvantage of having to remove the inner window in order to open or close the outer or casement window. However, in the latter construction, it was necessary to remove the inner window whenever it was desired to llock the casement windows. Many other types of inner windows for casement windows have been proposed. However, they have all been subject to various disadvantages of the type mentioned above.

It is a further object of this invention -to provide an inner window including sliding and swinging sections having either storm or screen sash that may be applied to an outer window of the casement type without requiring any alteration in the original construction of the casement window and at the same time providing ready access to the locking and opening devices of the casement window.

More particularly in accordance with this invention, there is provided for use in combination with a primary window of the casement type having two sections at least one of which is pivoted, each or" the sections being of equal width, and means for latching the sections of the primary window, a storm window for the primary window comprising a sliding section and a swinging section. The edges of the sliding and swinging sections of the storm window are provided with interlocking structure to form a weather-tight seal with the frame surrounding the storm window. The widths of the swinging and slid- 2,702,414 Patented Feb. 22, 1955 rice ing sections of the storm window are unequal with the sliding section having the smaller width, thus providing a weather-tight vertical joint between the sliding and swinging sections of the storm window at a location spaced from the vertical joint of the sections of the primary window to permit ready access to the latch on the primary window when the sections of the storm Window are moved to unlatched position and the swinging section of the storm window is open.

Further in accordance with the invention, there is provided for use in a window opening having an outer window ot' the conventional casement type with a latch and opening crank the combination of an inner Window for the window opening including a sliding section and a swinging section. There is further provided a pair of vertical members, one secured to each of the two vertical sides or' the window opening and a pair of horizontal members one secured to each of the upper and lower horizontal sides of the window opening. The swinging section is provided with hinging means for hinging it to one of the vertical members and interlocking means is provided on each of the horizontal and vertical members for cooperating with interlocking means on the corresponding edges of the sliding and swinging sections. There is further provided interlocking means on the vertical edge of the swinging section opposite the hinging means and cooperating with interlocking means on the corresponding vertical edge of the sliding section to form a vertical joint. All of the interlocking means cooperate to form a weathertight labyrinth seal between the sliding and swinging sections and Kthe member secured to the sides of the window opening when the sections are in closed position. The swinging section has a greater width than the sliding section to displace horizontally the vertical joint from the center of fthe window opening, thereby permitting ready access to the latch on the outer window when the interlocking means on each of the sections forming the vertical joint are moved to spaced relation and the swinging section is moved `to open position to also provide ready access to the opening crank on the outer window.

For a more detailed disclosure of the invention and for further objects and advantages thereof, reference is to be had to the following description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in which:

Fig. l is a front elevation view showing a window opening provided with a primary or outer window of a conventional casement type and an inner storm window embodying the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a horizontal section on enlarged scale of the storm window taken along lines 2*2 in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a horizontal section similar to Fig. 2 but with the sliding section of the storm window moved a short distance to the left;

Fig. 4 is a horizontal section similar to Fig. 3 with the swinging section of the inner window partially opened;

liig. 5 is a vertical section on enlarged scale of the swinging section of the inner window taken along the lines 5-5 in Fig. l;

Fig. 6 is a vertical section on enlarged scale of the sliding section of the inner window taken along the lines 6-6 in Fig. l;

Fig: 7 is an enlarged fractional View of the corner contructlion of the inner window shown within the circle in Fig. 8 is a sec-tional view of a rail for the sliding section of the inner window;

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of the latching means for the inner window; and

Fig. l() is a fractional View in section of the inner window equipped with screen material.

Referring to Fig. l, there is shown a window opening provided with a casement window 10 of the conventional type including two sections or panels 11 and 12 of equal Width. Sections 11 is shown as a hinged section and may be operated to open or closed position by means of a crank 13. While section 12 has been illustrated as a stationary section, it is to be understood that it may also be hinged in a manner similar to section 11 so that both sections 11 and 12 may be opened by crank means. When sections 11 and 12 of the casement window are closed, there is formed a vertical ioint between the sections at substantially the center of the window opening. It is customary to provide a latching lever 14 for locking the sections of the easement window together to prevent entry into the house from the outside. The easement window is generally referred to as the outside or primary window, and it will be seen in Fig. 1 that there is provided for the primary window a storm window 16 including a hinged or swinging section 17 and a sliding section 18. In order to mount the sliding and swinging sections 17 and 18 of the inner window 16 within the Window opening, there is provided a pair of vertical members 20 and 21, one secured to each of the two vertical sides of the window opening. There is also provided a pair of horizontal members 22 and 23 secured to the upper and lower horizontal sides of the window opening. The foregoing members 20-23 form the four sides of the frame for the inner window 16 as hereinafter described.

As may be seen in Fig. l, the width of the swinging or pivoted section 17 is greater than the width of the sliding section 18 and thus the vertical ioint formed by the two sections is displaced horizontally from the center of the window opening and thus displaced from the vertical joint formed by the two equal width sections of the primary or easement window. The purpose of this construction will now be described. It will be observed that each of the swinging and sliding sections 17 and 18 of the inner window is provided with interlocking structure 24 and 25 respectively on their vertical edges that are adapted to cooperate and form the vertical joint. The interlocking structures 24 and 2S are similar and each is of substantially U-shaped configuration to provide a substantially S-shaped labyrinth type of seal having a wedging and sealing action when the swinging and sliding. y sections 17 and 18 are moved to closed and locked position. This labyrinth type of seal provides a plurality of cooperating sealing surfaces, thus insuring a weather-tight vertical seal between the swinging and sliding sections 17 and 18 and further serves as a locking means for the two sections.

To move the sections into locked engagement, there is provided a latching means or hook 26 (Figs. l, 2 and 9) having a cam surface 26a shaped to cooperate with a proiection or knob 27 carried by the sliding section 18. The hook 26 is pivoted to the vertical frame member 21 by a pin 15 so that when the cam surface 26a of hook 26 is pressed in a downward direction against the projection 27, the force will be such as to cause the sliding section 18 to slide toward the right. moving the interlocking structure into weather-tight engagement with interlocking structure 24 on the swinging section 17 and thus locking the two sections 17 and 18 of the inner window in closed position as shown in Fig. 2.

To open the inner window, the latch 26 is first raised by rotating it in a clockwise direction and the sliding section 18 is moved to the left a small distance. It is only necessary to move the sliding section 18 a distance sufiicient to disengage the interlocking structures 24 and 25 on corresponding sections 17 and 18 as shown in Fig. 3. In actual practice, this amount of movement is generally only a fraction of an inch. It will be noted in Fig. 3 that even after the sliding section 18 has been moved to the left a distance sufficient to disengage the interlocking structures 24 and 25, the section 18 still does not prevent access to the handle or latching device 14 on the primary window 10. This results from the fact that the sliding section 18 of the inner window is of less Width than the swinging section 17, and thus in its unlatched position as shown in Fig. 3, the sliding section 18 is still disposed to the right of the center of the Window opening. After the sliding section 18 has been moved to the position shown in Fig. 3, the swinging section 17 can readily be opened as shown in Fig. 4, thus providing ready access to the locking device 14 on the primary window 10 and also to the crank 13, Fig. 1, for opening or closing the pivoted section of the primary or outer window.

As may be seen in Figs. 2 4, the vertical frame members 20 and 21 each comprise inner and outer channel members 20a, 20h, and 21a, 21b, respectively. The inner channel members 20a and 21a are each secured to the sides of the window opening by any suitable means such as screws 28 and then the outer channel members 20b and 2lb are ttedto the inner channels 20a and 21a and secured in place as by screws 29. In this manner each inner window 16 can be custom-fitted to the particular window opening providing for minor variations in size of different window openings. Each of the outer channel sections 20h and 2lb is provided with interlocking struc ture in the form of a tongue 30 and 31 respectively for cooperating with interlocking structure in the form of a groove 32 and 33 on the corresponding vertical edges of pivoted section 17 and sliding section 18. Each of the sliding and swinging sections 17 and 18 is preferably made up of four frame members 17a-17d and 18a-18d. As may be seen in Figs. 14, the frame member 17d is provided with a groove 32 and this member is hinged to the vertical frame 20 as by hinges 34. It will also be observed that the frame member 18d is provided with the groove 33 mentioned above. When the swinging and sliding sections 17 and 18 are in closed position as shown in Fig. 2, the tongues 30 and 31 are in interlocking relation with corresponding grooves 32 and 33 to form a weather-tight seal along the outer vertical edges of the inner window. It will be noted that the channel sections 20b and 2lb are also shaped to embrace the entire outer vertical edges of the corresponding frame members 17d and 18d, thus providing labyrinth type seals along the outer vertical edges of the inner window.

Referring to Figs. 5 and 6, it will be seen that the upper and lower horizontal members 22 and 23 each comprise inner and outer channel sections 22a, 22b and 23a, 23b, respectively. This construction is similar to that of the vertical members 20 and 21 previuously described with the inner channel members 22a and 23a being secured to the upper and lower horizontal sides of the window opening as by screws 35, and the outer channel members 22b and 23b in turn being secured to the corresponding inner channels 22a and 23a as by screws 36. The upper channel member 22b is provided with interlocking structure 37 for cooperating with interlocking structure 38 on the upper horizontal frame member 17a of swinging section 17. Similar interlocking structure 39 is provided on the lower horizontal member 23b for cooperating with interlocking structure 40 on the lower horizontal frame member 17e` of swinging section 17. Each of the interlocking structures 37-40 is of substantially U-shaped configuration to form labyrinth type seals at the top and bottom of section 17. It will be observed in Fig. 4 that interlocking structure 39 does not extend completely across the window opening but is of a width corresponding to that of section 17. The interlocking structure 37 is of similar construction.

As shown in Fig. 6, the interlocking structures 41 and 42 on the corresponding channel sections 22b and,

23h also function as rails for the sliding section 18, the rails 41 and 42 cooperating with the interlocking structures or grooves 43 and 44 respectively provided on the upper and lower horizontal frame members 18a and 18C. In Fig. 4 it will be observed that the lower rail 42 does not extend completely across the window opening but only a distance corresponding to'the width of the sliding section 18. Thus, the sliding section 18 may be moved to the left as shown in Fig. 4 and oi of rail 42 as shown in phantom in Fig. 5, thereby permitting the sliding section 18 to be removed from the window opening. The swinging or pivoted section 17 may be removed from the window opening by removing it from its hinges 34. By making the sections 17 and 18 readily removable, the storm sash can be replaced with screen sash, and vice versa, as hereinafter described.

The various frame members and channels making up the inner window are preferably formed from aluminum or other suitable extruded metal stock, and Fig. 7 illustrates a typical corner of the inner window. The glass panels or screen panels, as the case may be, are inserted in the aluminum frames and the frames are held together in the following manner. A plastic extrusion 45 having a U-shaped cross section is placed around the edges of the panel of glass, as shown in Figs. 2-4, and the corresponding frame members, such as 17a-17d and 18a-18d are placed therearound. At each corner of sections 17 and 18, there is provided an L-shaped member 55, Fig. 7, preferably formed of a relatively soft metal, such as zinc or white metal. The L-shaped member extends into each of the adjacent horizontal and vertical frame members such as 18a and 18d in Fig. 7 and the member 18d is secured to member 55 as by a screw 56. The frame member 18a may be secured to member 55 either by a screw similar to screw 56 or by dimpling the frame member 18a at locations 57 as by a punch, thus locking members 18a and 55 together. All of the corner joints in sections 17 and 18 are constructed in similar manner and thus it is not necessary to describe the other joints in detail.

In order-to decrease the friction created by moving the sliding panel along rail 42, the latter may be constructed of a dissimilar material from that of frame members 18a and 18e, such for example, as zinc, hardwood or plastic, or other suitable material that has the characteristic of having a low coeicient of friction. This construction is illustrated in Fig. 8 where the outer channel member 23b has been shown as being provided with a groove 58 for receiving a separate rail member 59. It is to be understood that if desired the upper horizontal channel member 22b may likewise be provided with a separate sliding rail similar to rail 59.

While the invention has been described primarily in connection with the provision of a storm Window for a Casement window, the sections 17 and 18 with the storm sash or glass panels may readily be removed and replaced by similar sections having screen sash. Fig. l is exemplary of the manner in which screen sash 60 may be applied to a window frame member 181. This member 18j corresponds to the frame member 18a shown in Fig. 6 in connection with a glass or solid transparent panel. Member 18f is provided with a groove 62 for receiving an end of the screen, the screen end being locked in place by means of a deformable plastic or metal member 63. The other frame members of window sections 17 and 18 may be similarly constructed to receive screen panels.

It is to be understood the invention is not limited to the specific arrangements shown and that changes and modifications may be made within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is:

1. For use in a window opening having an outer window of the conventional easement type with a latch and opening crank, the combination of an inner window for said window opening including a sliding section and a swinging section, a pair of vertical members one secured to each of the two vertical sides of the window opening, a pair of horizontal members one secured to each of the upper and lower horizontal sides of the window opening, means for hinging said swinging section of the inner window to one of said vertical members, interlocking means on each of said horizontal and vertical members cooperating with interlocking means on the corresponding edges of said sliding and swinging sections, and interlocking means on the vertical edge of said swinging section opposite said hinging means and cooperating with interlocking means on the corresponding vertical edge of said sliding section to form a Vertical joint, all of said interlocking means cooperating to form a Weather-tight labyrinth seal between said sliding and swinging sections and the members secured to the sides of the window opening when said sections are in closed position, said swinging section having a greater width than said sliding section to displace horizontally said vertical joint from the center of said Window opening thereby permitting ready access to the latch on the outer window when said interlocking means on each of said sections forming said Vertical joint are moved to spaced relation and said swinging section is moved to open position to also provide ready access to the opening crank on the outer window.

2. The combination set forth in claim 1 wherein each of salid sliding and swinging sections is provided with glass pane s.

3, The combinations set forth in claim 1 where each of said sliding and swinging sections is provided with screen panels.

4. The combination set forth in claim 1 including structure for moving and holding said sliding and swinging sections of said inner window in locked and weathertight relation comprising movable means and stationary means, one of said means being carried by said sliding section and the other of said means being carried by said vertical member adjacent said sliding section, said movable means including a hook member having a cam surface of predetermined shape for cooperating with said stationary means to move said sliding section tightly against said last-named vertical member, whereupon said interlocking means on said vertical edges of said sliding section are held in weather-tight relation with the corresponding interlocking means on said last-named vertical member and on said swinging section to form said vertical joint.

References Cited in the le of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS 2,088,866 Patterson Aug. 3, 1937 2,379,727 Lewis July 3, 1945 2,638,189 Watkins May 12, 1953 FOREIGN PATENTS 391,319 Great Britain Apr. 27, 1933 OTHER REFERENCES Mechanical Engineers Handbook, Marks, 4th edition, 1941. McGraw-Hill, New York, page 234.

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