US2692857A - Noncorrosive graphite emulsions - Google Patents

Noncorrosive graphite emulsions Download PDF

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US2692857A
US2692857A US206931A US20693151A US2692857A US 2692857 A US2692857 A US 2692857A US 206931 A US206931 A US 206931A US 20693151 A US20693151 A US 20693151A US 2692857 A US2692857 A US 2692857A
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water
graphite
formula
carbon atoms
hydrocarbon radical
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US206931A
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Josef M Michel
Karl F Hager
Rosenthal Morris
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    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M173/00—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water
    • C10M173/02—Lubricating compositions containing more than 10% water not containing mineral or fatty oils
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/02—Water
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2201/00—Inorganic compounds or elements as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2201/04—Elements
    • C10M2201/041—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black
    • C10M2201/042—Carbon; Graphite; Carbon black halogenated, i.e. graphite fluoride
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10M—LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS; USE OF CHEMICAL SUBSTANCES EITHER ALONE OR AS LUBRICATING INGREDIENTS IN A LUBRICATING COMPOSITION
    • C10M2219/00—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions
    • C10M2219/04—Organic non-macromolecular compounds containing sulfur, selenium or tellurium as ingredients in lubricant compositions containing sulfur-to-oxygen bonds, i.e. sulfones, sulfoxides
    • C10M2219/044—Sulfonic acids, Derivatives thereof, e.g. neutral salts
    • C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C10—PETROLEUM, GAS OR COKE INDUSTRIES; TECHNICAL GASES CONTAINING CARBON MONOXIDE; FUELS; LUBRICANTS; PEAT
    • C10N—INDEXING SCHEME ASSOCIATED WITH SUBCLASS C10M RELATING TO LUBRICATING COMPOSITIONS
    • C10N2050/00—Form in which the lubricant is applied to the material being lubricated
    • C10N2050/01—Emulsions, colloids, or micelles

Definitions

  • This'invention relates to non-corrosive aqueous suspensions of graphite useful as lubricants
  • Graphite has long been known as an excellent lubricant. It has been used alone or as a dispersion in oil with good results. In many cases however the use of oil. as a diluent must be avoided because of the hazard of inflammability; especially wherehigh temperatures or' oxygen are involved. Under the latter conditions suspensions of graphite in water have been found suitable. These.- graphitei-water. dispersions. permit the easy lubrication even of oxygen valves built from light metal but the water content causescorrosion of the'metal with which it'comes in contact.
  • a non-corroding graphite-water mixture can be obtained by adding'to the ordinary emulsion az small amount of a compoundrof the'composition:
  • Example 2 A valve similar in construction to that of- Ex ample 1 was lubricated with agraphite-water paste. After evaporation of the water content, the valve worked safely in contact with oxygen. Corrosion, however, was visible on the light metal parts.
  • Example 3 The lubrication of Example 2 was repeated'except that thegraphite-water paste applied contained 0.1% of octadecyl-sulfamido acetic acid sodium salt.
  • the light metal valve worked safe- 1y in contact with oxygen with no corrosion at all.
  • the highly polishedsurf'ace of metal dies used to cure rubber was covered with a graphite-water paste containing 0.5% by" weight of hexadecyl sulfamido butyric acid potassium salt. No corrosion occurred duringfa long storage period'and the dies could be usedinst'antaneously without cleaning.
  • Example 5 On the elevator blades of a rocket stagnation temperatures of about 400.' C. have been observed. A lubricant of usual be'used at this temperature because of its. inflammability and lack of heat resistance. A water graphite mixture containing 0.5%
  • R3 in this formula represents a: saturated aliphatic. hydrocarbon radical with a chainlengthof between l2.and 18 carbon atoms.
  • the method of inhibiting the corrosive properties of a suspensionof graphite in water which comprises supplying thereto a minor corrosion. inhibiting amount' of. a compound of the formula where. R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical'with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from' thegroup consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
  • composition cannot.
  • a composition of matter comprising water as a dispersing and solvent medium, graphite colloidally suspended in the water, and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of a dissolved compound of the formula where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
  • composition of matter comprising water, graphite colloidally dispersed therein and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of dissolved octadecyl-sulfamido acetic acid sodium salt.
  • composition of matter comprising water, graphite colloidally dispersed therein and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of hexadecylsulfamido butyric acid potassium salt.
  • composition of matter comprising water, graphite colloidally dispersed therein and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of a com pound of the formula where R3 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between 12 and 18 carbon atoms.
  • a lubricant comprising water, colloidally dispersed graphite and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of a dissolved compound of the formula where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
  • the method of inhibiting the corrosive properties of a suspension of graphite in water which comprises supplying thereto between about 0.1% and about 0.5% of a compound of the formula where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
  • a composition of matter consisting essen- 4 'tially of water as a dispersing and solvent medium, graphite colloidally suspended in the water, and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of a dissolved compound of the formula where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
  • a composition of matter consisting essentially of water as a dispersing and solvent medium, graphite colloidally suspended in the water and between about 0.17% and about 0.5% by weight of a dissolved compound of the formula Where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
  • a composition of matter consisting essentially of water, graphite colloidally dispersed therein and between about 0.1% and 0.5 of dissolved hexadecyl sulfamido butyric acid potassium salt.
  • a lubricant consisting essentially of a graphite-water paste containing 0.1% by weight of octadecyl-sulfamido acetic acid sodium salt.
  • a lubricant consisting essentially of a graphite-water paste containing 0.5% by weight of hexadecyl sulfamido butyric acid potassium salt.
  • a lubricant non-corrosive towards light metals consisting essentially of a graphite-water paste carrying dissolved therein between about 0.1% and 0.5% by weight of a compound of the formula References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 986,793 Acheson Mar. 11, 1911 1,784,220 Broeman Dec. 9, 1930 1,944,273 Rutherford Jan. 23, 1934 2,090,263 Moses Aug. 17, 1937 2,236,168 Dietrich Mar. 25, 1941 2,249,800 Weber July 22, 1941 2,602,760 Michel et al. July 8, 1952

Description

In like Patented Oct. 26, 1954 UNITEZDj STAT 2569.2,857 N ONCORROSIVE GRAPHITE EMULSION S Josef Michel and" Karl F. Hager, Huntsville,
Alau, and Morris Rosenthal, Alexandria, Va.,
assignors,
by direct-and mesne assignments, to
the United- States of: Americaasrepresented by: the Secretary'ofthe Army N '0 Drawing. Application January 19, 1951,
Serial No. 206,931
I Claims.- 1.
This'invention relates to non-corrosive aqueous suspensions of graphite useful as lubricants;
Graphite has long been known as an excellent lubricant. It has been used alone or as a dispersion in oil with good results. In many cases however the use of oil. as a diluent must be avoided because of the hazard of inflammability; especially wherehigh temperatures or' oxygen are involved. Under the latter conditions suspensions of graphite in water have been found suitable. These.- graphitei-water. dispersions. permit the easy lubrication even of oxygen valves built from light metal but the water content causescorrosion of the'metal with which it'comes in contact.
Methods heretofore known for. preventing corrosion by a water phase have been of no use with the graphite-water dispersion. The admixture of inorganic salts suchas-sodium nitrite has been tried' but without the production of any. particularly beneficial results. Instead, this addition has merely caused the deposit of crystals upon the metallic surface when the 'waterevaporated'. manner the addition of organic amines fails to prevent corrosion: of light metals; It" is accordingly the principal object of'this-invention to develop a method of preventing the corrosive efiect of graphite-water lubricatmg: emulsions upon metals and especially upon light or'nonferrous metals.
A non-corroding graphite-water mixture can be obtained by adding'to the ordinary emulsion az small amount of a compoundrof the'composition:
tion without ahaza-rdous oily layer-on the lubricated surface.
The following examples are given to illustrate the effects of the-addition of'the'corrosiveresisting agents in the manner of the present invention:
Eramplel The. parts of alightmetal valve regulatinga flow of liquid oxygen-were lubricated" with a graphite-oil paste. Under active working conditions an explosion-like inflammation of the oil film occurred, burning out the valve.
a length of 2. Example 2 A valve similar in construction to that of- Ex ample 1 was lubricated with agraphite-water paste. After evaporation of the water content, the valve worked safely in contact with oxygen. Corrosion, however, was visible on the light metal parts.
Example 3' The lubrication of Example 2 was repeated'except that thegraphite-water paste applied contained 0.1% of octadecyl-sulfamido acetic acid sodium salt. The light metal valve worked safe- 1y in contact with oxygen with no corrosion at all.
Eitample 4.
The highly polishedsurf'ace of metal dies used to cure rubber was covered with a graphite-water paste containing 0.5% by" weight of hexadecyl sulfamido butyric acid potassium salt. No corrosion occurred duringfa long storage period'and the dies could be usedinst'antaneously without cleaning.
Example 5 On the elevator blades of a rocket stagnation temperatures of about 400.' C. have been observed. A lubricant of usual be'used at this temperature because of its. inflammability and lack of heat resistance. A water graphite mixture containing 0.5%
inhibitor acted as a sufliciently heat resistive lubricant but causedno corrosion to the blades after along storage time: R3 in this formula represents a: saturated aliphatic. hydrocarbon radical with a chainlengthof between l2.and 18 carbon atoms.
The foregoing examples merely illustrate the advantages of the present'invention which is limited. solely by the scope: of the appended claims.
What we claimis:
1. The method of inhibiting the corrosive properties of a suspensionof graphite in water which comprises supplying thereto a minor corrosion. inhibiting amount' of. a compound of the formula where. R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical'with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from' thegroup consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
composition cannot.
2. A composition of matter comprising water as a dispersing and solvent medium, graphite colloidally suspended in the water, and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of a dissolved compound of the formula where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
3. A composition of matter comprising water, graphite colloidally dispersed therein and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of dissolved octadecyl-sulfamido acetic acid sodium salt.
4. A composition of matter comprising water, graphite colloidally dispersed therein and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of hexadecylsulfamido butyric acid potassium salt.
5. A composition of matter comprising water, graphite colloidally dispersed therein and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of a com pound of the formula where R3 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between 12 and 18 carbon atoms.
6. A lubricant comprising water, colloidally dispersed graphite and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of a dissolved compound of the formula where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
7. The method of inhibiting the corrosive properties of a suspension of graphite in water which comprises supplying thereto between about 0.1% and about 0.5% of a compound of the formula where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
8. The method of protecting light metals against the corrosive attack of a water-graphite paste which consists in supplying to said paste between about 0.1% and 0.5% by weight of a compound of the formula where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
9. A composition of matter consisting essen- 4 'tially of water as a dispersing and solvent medium, graphite colloidally suspended in the water, and a minor corrosion inhibiting amount of a dissolved compound of the formula where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
10. A composition of matter consisting essentially of water as a dispersing and solvent medium, graphite colloidally suspended in the water and between about 0.17% and about 0.5% by weight of a dissolved compound of the formula Where R1 represents a saturated aliphatic hydrocarbon radical with a chain length of between eight and twenty-four carbon atoms and R2 represents a member chosen from the group consisting of aliphatic and aromatic carboxylic acid radicals of low molecular weight and the water soluble salts thereof.
11. A composition of matter consisting essentially of water, graphite colloidally dispersed therein and between about 0.1% and 0.5 of dissolved hexadecyl sulfamido butyric acid potassium salt.
12. A lubricant consisting essentially of a graphite-water paste containing 0.1% by weight of octadecyl-sulfamido acetic acid sodium salt.
13. A lubricant consisting essentially of a graphite-water paste containing 0.5% by weight of hexadecyl sulfamido butyric acid potassium salt.
14. A lubricant non-corrosive towards light metals consisting essentially of a graphite-water paste carrying dissolved therein between about 0.1% and 0.5% by weight of a compound of the formula References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 986,793 Acheson Mar. 11, 1911 1,784,220 Broeman Dec. 9, 1930 1,944,273 Rutherford Jan. 23, 1934 2,090,263 Moses Aug. 17, 1937 2,236,168 Dietrich Mar. 25, 1941 2,249,800 Weber July 22, 1941 2,602,760 Michel et al. July 8, 1952

Claims (1)

  1. 2. A COMPOSITION OF MATTER COMPRISING WATER AS A DISPERSING AND SOLVENT MEDIUM, GRAPHITE COLLOIDALLY SUSPENDED IN THE WATER, AND A MINOR CORROSION INHIBITING AMOUNT OF A DISSOLVED COMPOUND OF THE FORMULA @SP RI-SO2-NH-R2 @SP WHERE R1 REPRESENTS A SATURATED ALIPHATIC HYDROCARBON RADICAL WITH A CHAIN LENGTH OF BETWEEN EIGHT AND TWENTY-FOUR CARBON ATOMS AND R2 REPRESENTED A MEMBER CHOSEN FROM THE GROUP CONSISTING OF ALIPHATIC AND AROMATIC CARBOXYLIC ACID RADICALS OF LOW MOLECULAR WEIGHT AND THE WATER SOLUBLE SALTS THEREOF.
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Cited By (9)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2908648A (en) * 1954-10-21 1959-10-13 Geigy Chem Corp Corrosion-inhibited compositions containing n-(alkylarylsulfonyl) amino acids and salts thereof
US3027405A (en) * 1959-07-29 1962-03-27 Geigy Chem Corp Nu-(alkylarylsulfonyl)-amino acids and salts thereof
US5476580A (en) * 1993-05-17 1995-12-19 Electrochemicals Inc. Processes for preparing a non-conductive substrate for electroplating
US5690805A (en) * 1993-05-17 1997-11-25 Electrochemicals Inc. Direct metallization process
US5725807A (en) * 1993-05-17 1998-03-10 Electrochemicals Inc. Carbon containing composition for electroplating
US6171468B1 (en) 1993-05-17 2001-01-09 Electrochemicals Inc. Direct metallization process
US6303181B1 (en) 1993-05-17 2001-10-16 Electrochemicals Inc. Direct metallization process employing a cationic conditioner and a binder
US6710259B2 (en) 1993-05-17 2004-03-23 Electrochemicals, Inc. Printed wiring boards and methods for making them
US20090054272A1 (en) * 2005-10-14 2009-02-26 The Trustees Of Princeton University Emulsifier containing thermally exfoliated graphite oxide

Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US986793A (en) * 1909-01-29 1911-03-14 Edward Goodrich Acheson Method of deflocculation and product thereof.
US1784220A (en) * 1928-03-28 1930-12-09 Nat Productssupply Company Cooling compound and lubricant and process of manufacturing same
US1944273A (en) * 1929-06-06 1934-01-23 Western Electric Co Lubricating compound
US2090263A (en) * 1933-02-24 1937-08-17 Du Pont Hydraulic fluid
US2236168A (en) * 1940-02-27 1941-03-25 Du Pont Lubricant
US2249800A (en) * 1936-04-24 1941-07-22 Du Pont Hydraulic fluid
US2602760A (en) * 1950-07-18 1952-07-08 Josef M Michel Process of protecting metals against corrosion

Patent Citations (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US986793A (en) * 1909-01-29 1911-03-14 Edward Goodrich Acheson Method of deflocculation and product thereof.
US1784220A (en) * 1928-03-28 1930-12-09 Nat Productssupply Company Cooling compound and lubricant and process of manufacturing same
US1944273A (en) * 1929-06-06 1934-01-23 Western Electric Co Lubricating compound
US2090263A (en) * 1933-02-24 1937-08-17 Du Pont Hydraulic fluid
US2249800A (en) * 1936-04-24 1941-07-22 Du Pont Hydraulic fluid
US2236168A (en) * 1940-02-27 1941-03-25 Du Pont Lubricant
US2602760A (en) * 1950-07-18 1952-07-08 Josef M Michel Process of protecting metals against corrosion

Cited By (11)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2908648A (en) * 1954-10-21 1959-10-13 Geigy Chem Corp Corrosion-inhibited compositions containing n-(alkylarylsulfonyl) amino acids and salts thereof
US3027405A (en) * 1959-07-29 1962-03-27 Geigy Chem Corp Nu-(alkylarylsulfonyl)-amino acids and salts thereof
US5476580A (en) * 1993-05-17 1995-12-19 Electrochemicals Inc. Processes for preparing a non-conductive substrate for electroplating
US5690805A (en) * 1993-05-17 1997-11-25 Electrochemicals Inc. Direct metallization process
US5725807A (en) * 1993-05-17 1998-03-10 Electrochemicals Inc. Carbon containing composition for electroplating
US6171468B1 (en) 1993-05-17 2001-01-09 Electrochemicals Inc. Direct metallization process
US6303181B1 (en) 1993-05-17 2001-10-16 Electrochemicals Inc. Direct metallization process employing a cationic conditioner and a binder
US6710259B2 (en) 1993-05-17 2004-03-23 Electrochemicals, Inc. Printed wiring boards and methods for making them
US7186923B2 (en) 1993-05-17 2007-03-06 Electrochemicals, Inc. Printed wiring boards and methods for making them
US20090054272A1 (en) * 2005-10-14 2009-02-26 The Trustees Of Princeton University Emulsifier containing thermally exfoliated graphite oxide
US8048931B2 (en) * 2005-10-14 2011-11-01 The Trustees Of Princeton University Emulsifier containing thermally exfoliated graphite oxide

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