US2672854A - Air-cooled valve - Google Patents

Description

March 23, 1954 J. z. BRUBAKER AIR-COOLED VALVE Filed April 2. 1949 Patented Mar. 23, 1954 25,672,854: AIR'FCOOLED VALVE JaceliZzBrubaker, Manheim, Pa. Application Aprill2', 1949, Serial No. 85,136:

invention reiates to internal" combustion engines and more particularly to means forelimithating the characteristic motor ping which takes place ati certain-times'in said engine's.

"One object of my invention is to provide novel andsi mple device which can be readily applied to an internal; combustiom engine and which effectively eliminates the characteristic motor ping which..usual1yresults. in. such engines when: low octane fuel is used in a high compression engine structure.

Another object is to provide. such a devicein.

theform otaspecial intake valve design.

A. further-object is' to provide. such a. device which can besecured in positionin the cylinder lead." of 'each.piston chamben.

.It is also, an object to provide such a: device which will permit a small amount of trapped gaseous flui'dfto remain in thecylinder afiter eaclr pi'stbn cycle ,andwliich trapped fluid function as a cushion during the subsequent explosion. of the gas in said cylinder, to thereby prevent the ping that would otherwise result.

With these and other objects in view, which will become more apparent from the following detailed description of the embodiments of my improvements shown in the accompanying drawings, the invention comprises the novel device, elements, features of construction and arrangement of parts in cooperative relationship, as more particularly defined by the hereto appended claims.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a central vertical sectional view through a typical cylinder head of an internal combustion engine, and shows my invention applied thereto.

Fig. 2 is an enlarged fragmentary side elevational view, partly broken away and in section, of the form of my novel engine ping preventing device, shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 2, but illustrates a modified form of my novel device shown in Figs. 1 and 2.

Fig. 4 is a side elevational view of another modified form of my novel engine ping preventing device.

In Fig. 1 I have shown certain well-known parts of a conventional internal combustion engine, such as a piston chamber l, a piston 2, a carburator 3, an intake manifold 4, a spark plug 5 and a connecting-rod 6.

My invention can be applied to such an engine and is designed to eliminate the ping or knock which results in a high compression engine when a. low octane gas is used. My invention can be applied at various locations in such an engine, for example, at the location of either the intake'valve or-the exhaust valve, or in the cylinder head.

When theinv-ention is applied at the location of the intakevalve, the embodiment of my invention comprises a valve element 1 having a valve stem 8 and a valve head 9- provided withaninternal bell-shaped air-chamber lflthatis open at its'bottom. When'this form of my invention is in operation, a dead air pocket forms Withinthe-upper end of the bell-shaped chamber [0, that is not ignitable, and functions as an air' cushion when" ignition of the gas in the firing chamber-takes place. In" other" words; the ignited gas in the firing chamber is permitted to" expand beyond thelimits of the chamber andthis extra expansion or air cushion efiect eliminates the-said ping or knock ofthe-engine.

When theinventi'on is provided at the location of the-exhaust valve, I'prcvi'de an exhaust'valve structurewhichcomprises a, valveelement Ill, having a-- stem- I25 a Valvehead I3, provided'with a bell-shaped air chamber [4 which is similar to the chamber In in Fig. 3. The stem I2 is provided with an internal air intake channel l5, and a lower end which terminates at a ball check valve l1, arranged to permit flow of air through the channel It in one direction only. The structure just described functions on the suction cycle of the piston to draw air through the channel I 5 into the upper end of the chamber [4, which will not ignite, and serves as an air cushion only, when the ignition of the gas occurs in the combustion chamber of the engine. In addition, the flow of continuous incoming air through the channel IE, will tend to cool the exhaust valve element 1 l, and this is an outstanding and important feature since it accomplishes a new result never attained before.

When my invention is applied to the cylinder head I, it may be constructed in'the form of a plug-like element [8, arranged to be threaded into the cylinder head as shown in Fig. l. The element l8 performs the same function in the same manner as the element 1 shown in Fig. 3.

The plug-like element I8 may also be modified to include an air intake check valve l9 as shown in Fig. 4. With this arrangement a small amount of air is drawn into the small air chamber 29 (see Fig. 1) during the intake cycle of the engine, and this air is not ignitable and serves only as an air cushion to prevent the ping, in substantially the same manner as previously described in connection with the other forms of my invention.

In connection with consideration of my invention it is to be remembered that the efliciency of a motor practically depends upon the compression ratio, the higher the compression the more power there is developed from the fuel that is consumed. In designing the modern automobile engine, the engineers are governed by the high octane gasoline that is available on the open market, because low octane gasoline in a high compression motor develops an annoying motor ping.

The various forms of my improvements herein specifically shown and described can be modified in various ways without departing from my invention more particularly defined by the claims.

I claim:

1. An engine valve for an internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a valve stem, a centrally apertured valve head having a frustro-conical valve face thereon, and a hollow substantially conical neck portion integrally fixed at its opposite ends to said stem and head to connect the same and provide a cavity extending inwardly from the outer end of said head, said cavity at its outer end being of a greater diameter than that of said valve stem and extending inward a distance greater than the largest diameter of said cavity.

2. An exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a valve stem having a passage extending longitudinally thereof from one end and the other end of said passage communicating with the exterior of said stem, a valve head integral with said stem and having a cavity extending inward from the outer end thereof substantially in axial alignment with said passage in said stem and communicating with said one end of said passage, anda check valve mounted interiorly of said exhaust valve and operable to prevent flow of fluid in one direction through said passage and cavity.

3. An exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a valve stem having a passage extending longitudinally thereof from one end and the other end of said passage communicating with the exterior of said stem, a valve head integral with said stem and having a substantially conical cavity extending centrally inward from the outer end thereof substantially in axial alignment with said passage in said stem and communicating with said one end of said passage, and a check valve mounted interiorly of said exhaust valve and operable to prevent flow of fluid in one direction through said passage and cavity.

4. An exhaust valve for an internal combustion engine comprising in combination, a valve stem having a passage extending longitudinally thereof from one end and the other end of said passage communicating with the exterior of said stem, a valve head integral with said stem and having a cavity extending inward from the outer end thereof substantially in axial alignment with said passage in said stem and communicating with said one end of said passage, and a check valve mounted adjacent the inner end of said cavity and operable to prevent flow of fluid in one direction through said passage and cavity.

JACOB Z. BRUBAKER.

References Cited in the file of this patent Vrana Oct. 17, 1944

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