US2655079A - Loading mechanism for guns - Google Patents
Loading mechanism for guns Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2655079A US2655079A US121914A US12191449A US2655079A US 2655079 A US2655079 A US 2655079A US 121914 A US121914 A US 121914A US 12191449 A US12191449 A US 12191449A US 2655079 A US2655079 A US 2655079A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- tray
- gun
- hoist
- arm
- loading
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 title description 42
- 229940090045 cartridge Drugs 0.000 description 33
- 102100020970 ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 2 Human genes 0.000 description 3
- 101000783774 Homo sapiens ATP-binding cassette sub-family D member 2 Proteins 0.000 description 3
- 230000000994 depressogenic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000010304 firing Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003534 oscillatory effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 208000021302 gastroesophageal reflux disease Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 230000005484 gravity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000717 retained effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000035939 shock Effects 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F41—WEAPONS
- F41A—FUNCTIONAL FEATURES OR DETAILS COMMON TO BOTH SMALLARMS AND ORDNANCE, e.g. CANNONS; MOUNTINGS FOR SMALLARMS OR ORDNANCE
- F41A9/00—Feeding or loading of ammunition; Magazines; Guiding means for the extracting of cartridges
- F41A9/01—Feeding of unbelted ammunition
- F41A9/06—Feeding of unbelted ammunition using cyclically moving conveyors, i.e. conveyors having ammunition pusher or carrier elements which are emptied or disengaged from the ammunition during the return stroke
- F41A9/09—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines
- F41A9/10—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging
- F41A9/13—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane
- F41A9/16—Movable ammunition carriers or loading trays, e.g. for feeding from magazines pivoting or swinging in a vertical plane which is parallel to the barrel axis
Definitions
- This invention relates to loading mechanism for guns and is particularly directed to means for rapidly loading projectiles from an ammunition hoist or the like successively into a gun at any elevation of the latter to facilitate promotion of a high rate of fire.
- auxiliary mechanism including for each gun an ammunition hoist adapted to deliver projectiles from a subjacent magazine or other compartment to the vicinity of the gun; to transfer the projectile from the hoist to the gun breech it therefore must be moved from the hoist, in which its longitudinal axis is substantially vertical, and brought to a position for ramming into the gun and thus in alignment with its bore, which may be at substantially any angle from nearly vertical to horizontal or even below horizontal depending on the elevation required to train the gun on its target.
- Modern guns of the character to which the invention relates are usually supplied with ammunition in the form of cartridges comprising both the projectile and the propellent charge and as automatic devices have been developed for ramming and firing the gun and thereafter ejecting the empty cartridge case in a very short period of time, the rapidity with which successive rounds can be fired is determined to a large extent by the speed of transfer of the cartridges from the ammunition hoist to the ramming mechanism. In many instances this transfer is efiected manually by the gun crew although mechanisms have been proposed for accomplishing it automatically and when properly operating give the gun a comparatively high rate of fire. But these mechanisms are extremely complicated, expensive to construct and maintain and difilcult to restore to effective operative condition when damaged.
- automatic gun loading mechanism which include a tubular loading tray supported from arms pivoted coaxiall'y with the gun trunnions and adapted to swing between a position aligned with the ammunition hoist and one aligned with the gun breech, together with locking elements at the limit of its travel for holding it in each or said positions for appropriate periods during the cycle of operations and means for imparting to the tray at either of such positions sullicient impetus to carry it to the other whether it be supporting a cartridge to be loaded into the gun or is being returned after the loading to position for receiving the succeeding one from the ammunition hoist, the tray swinging freely to the respective limit positions after having had the requisite impetus imparted to it adjacent the other.
- a further object is to provide mechanism of this character operative at any elevation of the gun barrel and which therefore permits the gun to be set at a desired elevation for the firing of a plurality of rounds and a corresponding number of cartridges fed successively to it for firing without changing that elevation.
- FIG. 1 is a diagrammatic vertical section of the gun loading mechanism showing the cartridge loading tray in a position aligned with the ammunition hoist after having received a cartridge therefrom preparatory to transferring it to ramming position.
- Fig. 2 is a corresponding section showing the loading tray supporting the cartridge in alignment with the gun barrel adjacent the ramming mechanism preparatory to ramming.
- Fig. 3 is a transverse section on the line 3--3 in Fig. 2 showing certain details of the loading tray actuating mechanism illustrated in the preceding figures.
- Fig. 4 is a fragmentary section on the line 5-4 inFig, 2.
- Fig. 5 is a fragmentary section through the recoil jacket of the gun.
- Fig. 6 is a fragmentary horizontal section on the line 8-6 in Fig. 5.
- Fig. '7 on a smaller scale is a fragmentary largely diagrammatic side elevation, partly in vertical section, showing a naval gun turret containing the gun and hoist with the said gun loading mechanism in operative relation thereto but with certain usual auxiliary apparatus omitted.
- the gun is mounted for elevational motion about a horizontal axis on trunnions T in the customary way and a generally cylindrical loading tray I supported by arms 2 is arranged to swing on pivots 3 coincident with the trunnion axis between the positions shown in Figs. 1 and 2 or between the former and any other position generally com-' parable to the latter but corresponding to a different elevation of the gun.
- a tray is aligned with the upper end of a tubular casing of the ammunition hoist within which through the instrumentality of a vertically reciprocable trigger it cartridges 0, C etc. are successively delivered to the top of the hoist for projection into the loading tray.
- the trigger 6 of the hoist is actuated by a mechanism (not shown) which constitutes no part of the present invention, the
- the tray I is provided with spring pressed locking bolts 9 so arranged that after a cartridge has been projected into the tray by the trigger 6 and the flange on its case has initially depressed, and then passed beyond, the bolts, the latter spring outwardly below the flange to provide supports for the cartridge when the trigger 6 is subsequently retracted downward along the hoist.
- a latch II movable vertically in the hoist with the trigger I5 is provided, this latch when projected being adapted to overlie the cartridge flange F.
- the latch is actuated by spring pressed arm I2 engageable with a detent I3 on the hoist housing in such manner that it is retracted from above the cartridge flange as the hoist nears the end of its upward stroke and slightly before it operates to actuate mechanism to release the tray for transfer thereby of the cartridge to the ramming mechanism as will hereafter be explained.
- the catches I3 may be actuated from a releasing bolt IS through a lever arm I9 and'link 23, and the ammunition hoist provided with a lug (not shown) movable with the trigger 6 so that upon the latter attaining substantially the highest point in its travel and thus having fully projected a cartridge into the tray, the lug moves the plunger 8 to raise the catches I8 from engagement with the locking lugs against the bias of springs 2
- the actuating means for arm [5 include a lever 23 and link 24, the latter pivoted to plunger rod 25 the lower end of which is adapted to be releasably secured by spring catches 23 within a spring cylinder 2'! to a piston 23 engaged by one end of a compression spring 29 in the cylinder.
- gears 30 For compressing or loading the spring 23 there is provided a pair of gears 30 meshing with racks 3
- Mechanism is also provided for controlling the travel of arm It in correspondence with the elevation of the'gun.
- a plunger 33 adjacent the lower end of the cylinder 2! and projecting into a tubular extension sleeve 32 secured to the corresponding extremity of the rod 25 is mounted a plunger 33 having at its upper end a domed head entering the sleeve, the other end of the rod being secured to a lug 34 carried by a movable gear rack 35 with which a gear segment 36 is in mesh.
- This gear segment is actuated by a rod 3?
- the cam ii! is thus actuated by a train of gears ii, t2 and 43 from a gear segment 45 coaxial with the gun trunnions and fixed to the gun so as to move therewith and correspondingly correlate the position of plunger 33 in cylinder 2'! with the gun elevation, the plunger occupying a higher position in the cylinder when the gun is elevated and a lower position when the gun is depressed.
- a recoil jacket 46 afiixed to the gun contains the ramming mechanism hereafter to be described and into alignment with which the arm I5 swings the tray I when the latter is released, and catches 48 on the sides of the tray are positioned to engage catch lugs 49 carried by the recoil jacket when the tray has been swung upwardly sufficiently to bring the cartridge it carries to ramming position.
- the ramming mechanism may be of any suitable construction, that shown in the drawings including a spring 5I' disposed in a cylinder 52 operative to actuate a piston rod 53 the head 54 of which carries a feeding catch 55 adapted to engage the base of a cartridge in the raised loading tray and project it into the gun upon release of the head 54 by tripping of a lever detent 55 when a boss 57 on the tray actuates the detent at the end of the upward travel of the former, means (not shown) being provided for restoring the rammer to its initial position afterit has rammed one cartridge into the gun and preparatory to the loading; of a, succeeding round.
- the detent- W has been tripped but the cooked orloaded spring 51 has not yet acted on the rammer.
- the positioning of the plunger 33 controls the extent of travel of the arm l5 under the influence of spring 29. and. as the position of the plunger corresponds directly to the gun elevation the arm l5 moves through a longer or shorter arc depending on whether the. gun is at a high or a low elevation.
- the mechanism herein described is designed for use with a gun the barrel of which is mounted for vertical elevational movement about relatively horizontal trunnions whose axis extends normal to the axis of the gun barrel; as such guns are generally known no more specific description of one typical of them is required.
- the ammunition hoist may be of any suitable character including a generally vertical passageway referred to as. the hoist shaft through which by suitable mechanism (not shown) the cartridges from the ammunition magazine are. successively delivered to the tray 1, the hoist mechanism: itself comprising no part orthe invention and being in the same category with the. gun and its t-runnicns in this respect, It will further be. reco nized that after a cartridge has been.
- the tray is thereupon returned thi'oue'h the action of spring and trigger arm 58 to alignment with the hoist shaft for reception, of the next following cartridge, full retraction of the hoist to engage latter causing the spring 29. to be again compressed through the action. of the gears 35 and racks 31.
- loading mechanism for a gun comprising a gun barrel, trunnions supporting the bar rel for elevational movement about a horizontal. axis and a vertical hoist for delivering a pro-- jectile to a position adjacent the barrel, the combination with said gun of a loading tray forv receiving a projectile from the hoist and supporting it in said position, means supporting the:
- tray for movement in an arcuate path in the plane of said elevational movement and about an axis coincident with said horizontal axis and means for moving the tray in said path to thereby trans-' fer a projectile in the tray from said position to one substantially in axial alignment with the barrel.
- Means for transferring ammunition from an ammunition hoist to a trunnioned-barrel gun comprising a loading tray movable into axial alignment with the hoist to receive a projectile therefrom, means supporting the tray for oscillatory motion about an axis coincident with that of gun trunnions and in the plane of elevational motion of the gun, means carried by the tray for supporting a projectile therein in radially spaced relation to the trunnion axis and means for swinging the tray from axial alignment with the hoist to axial alignment with the gun barrel whatever be the angular position of the gun within thelimits of said elevational motion.
- Means for transferring a projectile from a vertical ammunition hoist to a position appro priate for ramming into a trunnioned-barrel gun comprising a loading tray, means supporting the tray for movement about an axis coincident with that of the gun trunnions in an arcuate path re-- mote from said axis, means engageable with the tray operative to project it along said path from substantial axial alignment with the hoist to substantial axial alignment with the gun barrel, and means operative to arrest the action of said last mentioned means during movement of the tray along said path.
- a substantially tubular loading tray means supporting the tray for movement in an arcuate path about an axis coindent with the gun trunnion axis, a pivoted arm engageable with the tray operative to impart thereto an impetus to move the tray along said path from a position axially aligned with the ammunition hoist to one in axial alignment with the gun barrel, actuating means for said arm and means for arresting movement of the arm to thereby disengage it from the tray during said movement of the tray.
- a substantially tubular loading tray means supporting the tray for movement in an arcuate path about an axis coincident with that of the gun trunnions, a pivoted arm engageable with the tray operative to impart an impetus thereto to swing the tray from a position axially aligned with the hoist to one in axial alignment with the gun barrel, energy storing means biasing the arm in a direction to impart said impetus to the tray and releasable means for securing the tray in the first position.
- a substantially tubular loading tray means supporting the tray for movement in an arcuate path about an axis coincident with that of the gun trunnions, a pivoted arm engageable with the tray operative to impart to it an impetus to swing the tray in said path from substantially vertical axial alignment with the hoist to axial alignment with the gun barrel at an angle to the vertical, energy storing means biasing the arm in a direction to so swing the tray, and means controlling the action or said energy storing means in correspondence with the vertical angularity of the gun barrel to thereby limit in accordance with said angle the amplitude of movement of the arm.
- a substantially tubular loading tray means supporting the tray for movement in an arcuate path about an axis coincident with that of the gun trunnions, a pivoted arm engageable with the tray operative to impart to it an impetus to swing the tray from substantially vertical axial alignment with the ammunition hoist to axial alignment with the gun barrel and means for actuating the arm including a rod interconnected therewith, a compression spring surrounding the rod, an abutment engaging the spring and slidable relatively to the rod, releasable means operative to interlock the abutment and rod together for unitary movement under the influence of the spring and means for actuating said releasable means to unlock the abutment from the rod during such movement and to simultaneously arrest movement of the rod under the influence of the spring to thereby disengage the arm from the tray.
- a loading tray adapted to receive and support a projectile for the gun, means supporting the tray for oscillation in an arcuate path about an axis coincident with that of the gun trunnions and in the plane of elevational motion of the gun, a pivoted arm engageable with the tray for imparting thereto a swinging movement in said path from substantially vertical position to a position angular to the vertical, energy storing means interconnectable with the arm for moving it about its pivot, releasable means for interconnecting the energy storing means with said arm and means for actuating said releasable means tointerrupt said interconnection during travel of the arm at a point determined by the elevation of the gun.
- a tray for transferring from one position to another a projectile received by the tray, means supporting the tray for oscillation in an arcuate path about an axis coincident with that of the gun trunnions and in the plane of elevational motion or the gun, means for imparting to the tray a swinging movement in said path towards the second position', interengageable means carried respectively by the tray and the gun for releasably holding the tray in the second of said positions after it has been swung thereto and projectile-actuated means for releasing said interengageable means.
- a tray for transferring from one position to another a projectile received by the tray, means supporting the tray for oscillation in an arcuate path about an axis coincident with that of the gun trunnions and in the plane of elevational motion of the gun, a pivoted arm engageable with the tray for imparting thereto a swinging movement in said path towards the second of said positions, means for actuating the arm, energy storing means disposed adjacent said second position including means engageable by the tray operative to arrest motion of the tray when it attains substantially said second position, latching mechanism for releasably securing the tray in said second position and projectileactuated releasing means therefor.
- a loading tray operative to receive and support remote from the gun trunnion axis a projectile delivered to the tray by the hoist, means supporting the tray for movement about an axis coincident with said trunnion axis in the plane of elevational movement of the gun and means for moving the tray from substantial axial alignment with the hoist to said position for projection of a projectile from the tray into the gun.
- a loading tray operative to receive and support remote from the gun trunnion axis a projectile delivered to the tray by the hoist, means supporting the tray for movement in said plane about an axis coincident with said trunnion axis, and means for moving the tray in an arcuate path in said plane from substantial axial alignment with the hoist to substantial axial alignment with the gun barrel irrespective of its angular elevation to thereby position a projectile in the tray for projection directly therefrom into the gun, said last mentioned means including an arm pivoted for movement about an axis parallel to but remote from said trunnion axis and engageable with the tray when the latter is aligned with the hoist and yielding means for moving the arm in one direction about its axis while in
- projectile transferring means as defined in claim 12 means for interrupting movement of the arm during movement of the tray whereby the tray attains substantial alignment with said barrel by virtue of the momentum imparted it by the arm.
- projectile transferring means as defined in claim 12 means for interrupting movement of the arm while the tray is moving toward said alignment with the barrel whereby the tray attains said position by virtue of the momentum imparted thereto by the arm and means for controlling the amplitude of travel of the arm in correspondence with the angle of the gun to the vertical.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing Of Cigar And Cigarette Tobacco (AREA)
- Portable Nailing Machines And Staplers (AREA)
- Toys (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
SE289730X | 1949-03-23 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2655079A true US2655079A (en) | 1953-10-13 |
Family
ID=20307202
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US121914A Expired - Lifetime US2655079A (en) | 1949-03-23 | 1949-10-18 | Loading mechanism for guns |
Country Status (6)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2655079A (fr) |
CH (1) | CH289730A (fr) |
DE (1) | DE875315C (fr) |
FR (1) | FR998280A (fr) |
GB (1) | GB662402A (fr) |
NL (1) | NL90157C (fr) |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2770170A (en) * | 1951-11-05 | 1956-11-13 | Bofors Ab | Hoist for projectiles |
US2785607A (en) * | 1952-11-24 | 1957-03-19 | Bofors Ab | Loading device for a gun with a barrel mounted for traversing and elevating or depressing |
US2855828A (en) * | 1950-03-31 | 1958-10-14 | Philias H Girouard | Rapid fire gun turret apparatus |
US2865254A (en) * | 1953-10-01 | 1958-12-23 | Bofors Ab | Recoiling barrel operated pivoted loading tray mechanism |
US2907251A (en) * | 1956-04-26 | 1959-10-06 | Bofors Ab | Cartridge guiding device |
US3048087A (en) * | 1955-07-29 | 1962-08-07 | Ernest F Campbell | Weapon mount |
US3134303A (en) * | 1961-02-22 | 1964-05-26 | Bofors Ab | Loading pendulum assembly for an automatic gun |
US3955692A (en) * | 1954-06-03 | 1976-05-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Handling apparatus |
Families Citing this family (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
FR1202805A (fr) * | 1954-10-11 | 1960-01-13 | Dispositif de chargement des armes de chars | |
DE2818279C2 (de) * | 1978-04-26 | 1983-12-29 | Krauss-Maffei AG, 8000 München | Vorrichtung zum automatischen Fördern und/oder Laden von großkalibriger, patronierter Munition |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE333661C (de) * | 1918-10-08 | 1921-03-02 | Rheinische Metallw & Maschf | Ladevorrichtung mit Federausgleicher fuer Geschuetze |
US1494591A (en) * | 1922-05-09 | 1924-05-20 | Vickers Ltd | Ammunition hoisting and loading apparatus for ordnance |
US1753850A (en) * | 1927-06-22 | 1930-04-08 | Schneider & Cie | Loading device for semiautomatic naval guns |
US2004856A (en) * | 1933-08-19 | 1935-06-11 | Cie Forges Et Acieries Marine | Ammunition supplying device for pairs of guns mounted in turrets or the like |
DE706222C (de) * | 1939-07-15 | 1941-05-21 | Fried Krupp Akt Ges | Munitionsfoerdervorrichtung |
GB628772A (en) * | 1947-10-01 | 1949-09-05 | Vickers Armstrongs Ltd | Improvements in hoists for conveying loads to moving platforms |
-
0
- NL NL90157D patent/NL90157C/xx active
-
1949
- 1949-10-18 US US121914A patent/US2655079A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1949-10-24 GB GB27226/49A patent/GB662402A/en not_active Expired
- 1949-10-27 FR FR998280D patent/FR998280A/fr not_active Expired
- 1949-11-26 DE DEA318A patent/DE875315C/de not_active Expired
- 1949-11-28 CH CH289730D patent/CH289730A/de unknown
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
DE333661C (de) * | 1918-10-08 | 1921-03-02 | Rheinische Metallw & Maschf | Ladevorrichtung mit Federausgleicher fuer Geschuetze |
US1494591A (en) * | 1922-05-09 | 1924-05-20 | Vickers Ltd | Ammunition hoisting and loading apparatus for ordnance |
US1753850A (en) * | 1927-06-22 | 1930-04-08 | Schneider & Cie | Loading device for semiautomatic naval guns |
US2004856A (en) * | 1933-08-19 | 1935-06-11 | Cie Forges Et Acieries Marine | Ammunition supplying device for pairs of guns mounted in turrets or the like |
DE706222C (de) * | 1939-07-15 | 1941-05-21 | Fried Krupp Akt Ges | Munitionsfoerdervorrichtung |
GB628772A (en) * | 1947-10-01 | 1949-09-05 | Vickers Armstrongs Ltd | Improvements in hoists for conveying loads to moving platforms |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2855828A (en) * | 1950-03-31 | 1958-10-14 | Philias H Girouard | Rapid fire gun turret apparatus |
US2770170A (en) * | 1951-11-05 | 1956-11-13 | Bofors Ab | Hoist for projectiles |
US2785607A (en) * | 1952-11-24 | 1957-03-19 | Bofors Ab | Loading device for a gun with a barrel mounted for traversing and elevating or depressing |
US2865254A (en) * | 1953-10-01 | 1958-12-23 | Bofors Ab | Recoiling barrel operated pivoted loading tray mechanism |
US3955692A (en) * | 1954-06-03 | 1976-05-11 | The United States Of America As Represented By The United States Energy Research And Development Administration | Handling apparatus |
US3048087A (en) * | 1955-07-29 | 1962-08-07 | Ernest F Campbell | Weapon mount |
US2907251A (en) * | 1956-04-26 | 1959-10-06 | Bofors Ab | Cartridge guiding device |
US3134303A (en) * | 1961-02-22 | 1964-05-26 | Bofors Ab | Loading pendulum assembly for an automatic gun |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
CH289730A (de) | 1953-03-31 |
DE875315C (de) | 1953-04-30 |
GB662402A (en) | 1951-12-05 |
NL90157C (fr) | |
FR998280A (fr) | 1952-01-16 |
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