US2625224A - Paper-cutting mechanism - Google Patents

Description

Jan. 13, 1953 E. E. GARRETT PAPER-CUTTING MECHANISM 8 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Jan. 17, 1951 lllllllllrlllllllllllll l l Hhnhhmivll I l ll :1 -I I: ww um km .Q

Jan. 13, 1953 E. E. GARRETT PAPER-CUTTING MECHANISM 8 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Jan. 17, 1951 INVENTOR. [/mev" E arrezz Jan. 13, 1953 E. E. GARRETT 2,625,224

PAPER-CUTTING MECHANISM Filed Jan. 17, 1951 8 $heets$heet 3 INVENTOR. [fixer 5 Gar/'62:

E, E. GARRETT PAPER-CUTTING MECHANISM Jan. 13, 1953 8 Sheet-Sheet 4 Filed Jan. 17, 1951 Vii; wlldllla Jan. 13, 1953- E. E. GARRETT PAPER-CUTTING MECHANISM 8 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed Jan. 17, 1951 INVEN TOR. 0170 6 arrezz Jan. l3,' 1953 E. E. GARRETT 2,625,224

PAPER- CUTTING MECHANISM Filed Jan. 17, 1951 8 Sheets-$heet 6 INVENTO f //17 6/ 6am Jan. 13, 1953 E. E. GARRETT PAPER-CUTTING MECHANISM 8 Sheets-Sheet '7 Illa! Filed Jan. 17, 1951 Avg Patented Jan. 13, 1953 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE PAPER-CUTTING MECHANISM Elmer E. Garrett, Freeport, N. Y., assignor to The Sperry Corporation, Long Island City, N. Y., a

corporation of Delaware Application January 17, 1951, Serial No. 206,423

' This invention relates to a machine for successively feeding and cutting off predetermined lengths from a long relatively narrow web of material such as paper or cardboard from which paper cartons or boxes are made.

The machine of the invention is especially adapted for quickly determining the useful life of a blade made of a given material when it is used for cutting a given grade of paper or other stock. In machines'for blanking and forming, paper carton stock of the required width is continuously fed from large rolls of stock into the machine at high speed. As the paper stock passes through the machine it is cut and/or scored by cutting blades which are usually carried by rotating rolls which are rotated in timed relation to the movement of the stock through the machine. The paper generally used in making cartons and boxes is a very low grade of paper which j is made from old rags, newspapers and other scrap paper combined with a small amount of wood pulp. Due to the nature of the materials and the manner of collecting and storing them, paper stock of this type always contains a certain amount of dirt, sand, grit and other finely divided foreign substances which are very hard on and quickly dull the cutting blades in a carton blanking and forming machine. essary to shut down a machine to change the blades when they become too dull to cut properly, it isessential, in order to obtain maximum production from a machine, that th blades be made Since it is necof material that will have the longest life possible when used on a given grade of stock before they have to be removed from the machine and resharpened or discarded. In order to determine the life of a blade made from a selected material or alloy thereof when used on a given stock, a

test blade is made of the selected material and placed in the machine of th invention where it a is used successively to cut predetermined short lengths from a narrow web of the givenstock 1 until it becomes too dull to cut properly. In this way the life of a blade made from a selected mater-ial and used on a given stock may be deter-, mined in a short time with a relatively small amount of stock, as the machine of the invention is capable of making many thousands of cuts per hour.

Th machine of the invention may also be used Intesting 5 Claims. (Cl.164 -68) lengths of a web of stock between th rolls in timed relation to the rotation of the rolls. One of the rolls carries a cutting blade and the other roll carries an anvil against which the blade cuts. The rolls are constantly rotated at high speed in opposite directions at the same R. P. M. and

the blade and anvil are arranged thereon to coact with each other once during each revolution of the rolls. The blade and anvil are so arranged with respect to each other upon their respective rolls that they have the same peripheral speed as they pass each other. The web feeding mechanism comprises a lower feeding roll and an opposed upper feeding roll around and between which the web passes, and a reciprocal feed carriage. The lower roll is mounted upon a fixed shaft through which it is constantly rotated at a relatively low speed in the order of two to three revolutions per minute, depending on the R. P. M. of the cutting rolls. The upper roll is an idler roll which is spring biased toward the lower roll to press the web firmly against the lower roll, and is rotatably mounted upon a shaft which is carried by a pair of oscillatory arms. One end of the reciprocal carriage is suitably mounted upon the upper roll shaft and the other end thereof is slidably supported by a pair of fixed rollers under the upper cutting roll shaft. The oscillatory arms are oscillated and the carriage reciprocated in unison with each other through suitable connecting rods by a pair of eccentrics which are mounted upon the lower cutting r011 shaft. The feeding rolls constantly feed th web into the carriage and the carriage successively inserts with each reciprocation thereof a predeter- 50. equally'well for testing paper carton stock to determine whether it contains more or less dirt, sand, grit or other foreign substances which are 1 harmful to carton blanking blades. 1 paper stock a blade of known life on acertain mined length of the web between the cutting rolls. The carriage makes one complete reciprocation during each rotation of the cutting rolls, and the reciprocating mechanism is so designed and proportioned that the linear speed of the web at the instant of cutting is exactly the same as the linear speed of the blade and anvil.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a machine by which the life of a cutting blade made of a known material may be quickly and accurately determined when it is used to cut a given grade of paper or other stock.

Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and efficient machine for feeding successively :and cutting off predetermined lengths from a long web of stock.

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine of this character in which the cutting blade is carried by a rapidly rotating roll mounted upon a fixed rotating shaft.

Another object of the invention is to provide a machine of this character having a pair of cutting rolls and means for inserting successively predetermined lengths of aweb of stockbetween the rolls in timed relation to the rotation thereof.

Other and more limited objects of the invention will be apparent from the following specification and the accompanying drawings forming a part thereof, wherein:

Fig. 1 is a horizontal section taken nearthe top of the machine, the plane of the section being indicated by the line I-l of Fig. 4;

Fig. 2 is a transverse vertical section taken through the cutting rolls, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 2--2 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 3 is a transverse vertical section taken through the web feeding mechanism, the plane of the section being indicated by the line 33 of Fig. 4;

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary vertical, longitudinal detail section, the plane of which is indicated by the line 44 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a section similar to Fig. 4 taken on the line 55 of Fig. 1;

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary central vertical, longitudinal section taken on the line 66 of Fig. l and showing the cutting rolls and the web feeding mechanism in the position they assume at the beginning of the web feeding stroke;

Fig. 7 is a view similar to Fig. 6 showing the cutting rolls and the web feeding mechanism in the position they assume at the instant .acut is completed;

Fig. 8 is a view similar to Figs. 6 .and 7 showing the cutting rolls and the web feeding mechanism in the position'theyassume at the end of the web feeding stroke, and

Fig. 9 is a detail view of the blade .holder roll.

Referring now to the drawings by reference characters, the numeral l indicates a basehaving a pair of spaced uprights 2 and 3 secured thereto and extending upwardly therefrom .parallel to each other. The upper ends of the uprights 2 and 3 are tied together by a pair of tie rods 4 and 5.

A pair of vertically spaced shafts 6 and I are carried by and extend between the uprights 2 and 3. The upper shaft 5 is rotatably supported by a pair of ball bearings 8 which. are mounted in eccentric bushings 9 disposed in recesses Ill in the uprights 2 and 3; and the lower shaft Iris rotatably supported by a pair of ball bearings H mounted in recesses 12in the uprights 2 and 3. A pair of cooperating cutting roll assemblies, generally indicated by the numerals l3 and 14, are mounted upon the shafts 6 and 1, respectively, for rotation therewith. The roll assembly 13 upon the shaft 6 may be termed the blade roll in that it carries a blade 15, and the roll assembly I4 upon the shaft I may be termed the. anvil roll in that it carries an anvil IS with which the blade 15 cooperates when cutting a web which is fed between the rolls [3 and M. The shaft 1 cated at 22. with eachother so that the shafts :6 and I are rotated in opposite directions at the same .R. P. M., the shaft 6 being rotated in a counterclockwise direction and the shaft 1 being rotated in a clockwise direction, as indicated by the arrows A and B inFigs. 4 to 8, inclusive.

The anvil roll (4 comprises the cylindrical holder-30 which is keyed to the shaft '1, as indicated at 3 I, and istransversely slotted, as shown at 32, to receive the anvil l8 which is removably held in'the slot 32 by the cap screws 33. The blade roll l3 comprises the hub 34, which is keyed asindicated at 3G to the shaftfi between a collar 23 and a snap ring 24, and the sleeve.35 which is mounted for angular adjustmentupon the hub 34. The hub 34 has an annular flange 31 formed integrallytherewith at one end thereof which is slotted as shown at.38 and is notched as shown at 39 to provide a pair of spaced ears 60. The flange 3'! also has three spaced recesses 4| formed in the outer face thereof, the bottoms of which are slotted, as shown at 42. .The sleeve 35 is held in adjusted position upon the hub 34 by set screws 43 which extend .through the slots 42 and are screwed into the sleeve 35, asshown at 44. A block 45 ismounted between the ears 40 upon a stud 46 which is carried by thesleeve 35, as shown at 41. The ears 4B carry apair of opposed adjusting screws 48 which engage the block 45 on opposite sides thereof. Lock nuts '49 lock the screws 48 in adjusted position. By loosening the set screws 43 and adjusting the screws 48 in unison one way or the other, a very fine angular adjustment of the sleeve 35 upon the hub 34 may be obtained. After adjusting, the set screws 48 are tightened to hold the sleeve 35 in adjusted position. The blade 15 is mounted between a pair of end plates 55 in a transverse slot 56 in the sleeve 35 and is removably held therein by .a wedge 51 and cap screws 58. The angular adjustment of the sleeve 35 is provided in order to adjust the blade l5 angularly with respect to the anvil l6; and the eccentrics 9 in which the bearings B for the shaft 6 are mounted are provided to adjust the blade I5 toward and away from the anvil 16.

An eccentric 60 is keyed at 6| to the shaft I adjacent the upright 2, anda similar eccentric B2 is keyed at 63 to the shaft 1 adjacent the upright 3. The shaft 7 with its two eccentrics constitutes the equivalent of a crank shaft. Spacers 64, which are mounted on the shaft 1 between each of the eccentrics 60 and 62 and the holder 30, are provided to maintain the anvil roll [4 in proper position on the shaft 7 with respect to the blade roll 13.

A pair of opposed bearing brackets 70 are secured by bolts H to the forward ends of the uprights 2 and 3. A shaft 12 is rotatably supported between the brackets "H1 by ball bearings 13 which are mounted in the brackets 10, and a feed roll 14 is keyed upon the. shaft 12,as indicated at I5. A gear T6 is keyed to one end of the shaft 12, as indicated at 11. The shaft 12 is driven from the drive shaft I! througha speed reducer (not shown) and the gear 16. A pair of spacedparallel similar arms 18 are rotatably mounted upon the shaft I2 and extend upwardly therefrom, one arm being disposed adjacent each of the bearing brackets I0. A shaft I9 is slidably but non-rotatably mounted in vertically elongated slots 80 in the upper ends of the arms I8. The ends of the shaft I9 have opposed parallel fiattened sections M which engage the sides of the slots 80 and prevent rotation of the shaft I9, while permitting up and down sliding movement thereof. An idler roll 82 is rotatably supported between the arms 18 upon the shaft I9 by ball bearings 83. The shaft 19 and the roll 82 thereon are biased toward the feed roll I4 by a pair of tension springs 84 which are interposed be tweed lugs 65, carried by the arms I8, and tension adjusting screws 86, carried by the shaft I9.

A pair of eccentric arms 90 are provided to operatively connect the eccentrics 60 and. 62 to the shaft I9, one eccentric arm being disposed against each arm I8 between an arm I8 and the idler roll 82. One end of each of the eccentric arms 90 has a hushed aperture 9I through which the shaft I9 extends, and the other end of each ec centric arm 90 has an enlarged aperture 92 in which an eccentric 60 or 62 is mounted. In order to minimize friction during operation a ball bearing 93 having inner and outer races, is mounted in each aperture 92 about the eccentric therein. The inner races of the ball bearing 93 are carried by the eccentrics and the outer races thereof are carried by the eccentric arms. Apertured plates 94 hold the bearing 93 in place. As the shaft I is rotated the arms I8, shaft 19 and the idler roll 82 carried by the shaft 19 are oscillated back and forth between the positions shown in Figs. 6 and 8 in timed relation to the rotation of the blade and anvil rolls I3 and I4, there being one complete oscillation during each revolution of the rolls I3 and I4. The arms 90 thus constitute cranks operated by the crank shaft 1 and the eccentrics.

A feed carriage, generally indicated by the numeral 95, is provided to insert a predetermined length of stock to be out between the rolls I3 and I4 during each revolution thereof and in timed relation to the rotation thereof. The carriage 95 comprises a pair of spaced similar parallel channel rails 96 having one end thereof rigidly secured to the upper ends of a pair of arms 91, the lower ends of which are rotatably mounted upon the shaft I9, as indicated at 98. The arms 91 are disposed at each side of the idler roll 82, and the channel rails 96 extend outwardly therefrom parallel to and between the eccentric arms 90 and the rolls 82 and I4. The free ends of the,

channel rails 96 are slidably supported by rollers 99 carried by brackets I which are secured to the inner faces of the uprights 2 and 3 by rivets IIlI and spacing blocks I02. Upper and lower guide plates I05 and I06, which are separated by narrow longitudinal spacers III! to provide a space therebetween, are secured to the tops of the rails 96 by rivets I08. One end of each of the guide plates I05 and I06 terminates in alignment with each other short of the free ends of the rails 96, as shown at I09. The other end of the lower guide plate I06 terminates adjacent the idler roll 82 and is turned downwardly between the rails 96, as shown at I I0. The top guide plate I05 extends partially around the idler roll 82 in spaced relation thereto and terminates at III adjacent the feeding roll 14. The guide plate I05 is held in spaced relation to the roll 82 by cross bars II2 which extend between brackets II3 carried by the arms 91. As the arms I8, shaft 19 and idler roller 82 are oscillated by the eccentrics 60 and 62 and'the' eccentric arms "90, the carriage is reciprocated back and forth between the positions shown in Figs. 6 and 8 in unison with the oscillation of the arms I8 and the parts carried thereby, and in timed relation to the rotation of the blade and anvil rolls I3 and I4.

In operation a blade to be tested which is made of a known material or composition of materials is clamped in the slot 56 in the sleeve 35 of the blade roll assembly I3 by the wedge 51.

A relatively narrow web of paper or other stock I I5 of known quality with which the blade is to be tested is then threaded around the rolls I4 and 82 and between the guide plates I05 and I06, as shown in Figs. 6, 7 and 8, after which the machine is started operating. The stock is usually contained in a large roll (not shown), suitably mounted adjacent the machine from which the stock is withdrawn during operation. The R. P. M. at which the rolls I3 and I4 are rotated may vary according to different conditions of operation but it is generally in the order of from three hundred to five hundred revolutions per minute. The R. P. M. of the feed roll I4 will vary in accordance with the variation in the R. P. M. of the cutting rolls I3 and I4. At from three hundred to five hundred revolutions per minute of the cutting rolls I 3 and I4, the R. P. M. of the feed roll 24 will vary between two and'three revolutions per minute.

During operation the stock is constantly fed by the feed roll I4 and the idler roll 82 between the guide plates I05 and I05, with the end II6 of the stock extending out beyond the ends I09 of the guide plates, and the feed carriage is constantly reciprocated through the position shown inFig. 7 between the positions shown in Figs. 6 and 8. The reciprocal speed of the carriage 95 progressively varies from zero to maximum to zero in each direction. In the positions shown in Figs. 6 and 8 its speed is zero and in the position shown in Fig. 7it is at its maximum speed. During each reciprocatory movement of the carriage from the position shown in Fig. 6 to the position shown in Fig. 8 the blade I5, cooperating with the anvil I5, cuts a short piece I I! from the end H6 of the stock H5. The length of the piece II! is the amount the feed roll I4 advances the stock II5 during each revolution of the rolls I3 and I4. The blade I5 and the anvil I6 are so arranged on their respective rolls with respect to the movement of the carriage 95 that cutting takes place when the carriage 95 is in the position shown in Fig. '7, where it is travelling at its maximum speed between the positions shown in Figs. 6 and 8. The forward speed of the stock at the instant of cutting is equal to the maximum reciprocal speed of the carriage 65 plus the speed of the stock being advanced through the carriage between the guide plates I65 and I05 by the feed roll I4 and the cooperative idler roll 82. The eccentrics 60 and 62, arms I8 and rolls I4 and 82 are so proportioned and arranged that the forward linear speed of the stock at the instant of cutting is exactly equal to the linear speed of the cutting edge of the blade I5 as it travels along its circular path. If desired, a counter may be provided to count automatically the number of revolutions of the cutting rolls I3 and I4 and consequently the number of cuts made by the blade I5 during operation; or knowing the R. P. M. of the rolls I3 and I4 the number of cuts made by the blade I5 may be determined by multiplying the time of operation in minutes by the R. P. M. of the rolls I3 and I4. By testing a,

number of blades :ma

7 e of different materials on the ,same, stock one .may quickly determine which material makes'theibest blade for use on that particular stock.

In testing :paper ,or other stock, a blade of known life when cutting a known'grade of stock is mountedin the blade roll 13, and the operation above described performed with a test sample of the stock to be tested. The quality of the stock .t-ested may then be determined [by comparing the lifecof theibladewhenused forcutting the :punknowngrade of stock'with its life when used for cutting the known grade of stock.

From the foregoing it will be apparent to those skilled .in this art thatI have provided a very simple and efficient machine for accomplishing the objects of the. invention.

'Itis tobe understood-that I amrnot limitedto ithe specific construction shown and described herein as various modifications may be made therein within the scope of the appended claims.

What is claimed is: w1.:In a machine ofthe character described, the combination of a pair of cooperating axially im- :mova=ble rotatable cutting rolls, a cutting blade carried by one of said rolls, an axially immovable rotatable feedingroll, a shaft mounted for oscillatory movementabout theaxis of said feeding roll, aniidlcrcroll rotatablymountedon said shaft,

a carriage operative to insert successively predetermined lengths of the end of a web of stockibetween said cutting rolls, said feeding roll and said idler roll being operative to continuously feed .said web of stock into said carriage, one end of said carriage being slidablymounted adjacent said cutting rolls and the other end of saidcarriage being mounted upon said shaft'whereby said carriage is reciprocated by the oscillation of said shaft, means by which said cutting rollsare rotated in unison with each other, means by which said feeding roll is rotated vin timed relation to said cutting rolls, and means operative to oscillate saidrshaft and reciprocate said carriage in timed relation to the rotation of said cutting rolls.

.2. In a machine of the character described, the

combination ofa'pair of axially immovable rotatable cutting roll shafts, a "pair of cooperating cutting rolls mountedupon said shafts for rotation therewith, a cutting :blade carried by one of said cutting rolls, an axially immovablefeed roll shaft having a feed roll mounted thereon,.a pair of spacedrocker arms mounted on said feed roll shaft and extending upwardly therefrom one on each side of said-feed roll,'an idler-r011 shaft carriedby the upper ends of said rocker arms, an idler roll mounted uponsaid idler rollshaft, a

carriage operative toinsert successivelytheend of a web of stock between said cutting rolls,- said feeding roll and said idler roll being operative to continuously feed said web of stock into said carriage, one end of .said carriage being slidably mounted adjacent said cuttingrolls and the other end of said carriage being mounted for rocking movement upon said idler roll shaft, means by which said cutting rolls are rotated in unison, means by which said feed roll is rotated intimed having .a feed roll mounted thereon, a pair of spaced rocker arms mounted on said feed roll shaft andextending upwardly therefrom oneon each sideof said feedroll,an idler roll shaft carried-by the upper ends of said rocker arms, an idler roll mountedupon said idler roll shaft, .a carriage operative to insert successively the end of a web of stock between said cutting rolls, said ,feedingroll and said idlerroll being operative to continuously feed said web of stock into saidcarriage, one end of said carriage being slidably mounted adjacent said cutting rolls and the other ,endofsaid carriage being mounted for rocking movement upon said idler roll shaft, means by which said cutting rolls are rotated in unison,

means-by which said feed roll is rotated in timed relation to the rotation of said cutting rolls, and means operative torock said-rocker arms on said feediroll shaft to oscillate said idler roll shaft and reciprocate'said carriage in timed relation to the rotation of said cutting rolls, said last mentioned means comprising an eccentric carried byone of said cutting roll shafts and an eccentric/arm operatively connecting said eccentric tosaid rocker arms.

4. Paper cutting mechanism comprising a pair of cutting rolls, a feed roll and a crank shaft, a drive shaft, means operatively connecting the cutting rolls, feed roll and crank shaft to the drive shaft, an idler roll cooperative with the feed roll to feed a web of stock toward the cutting rolls, a supportfor the idler roll pivoted upon'the feed roll axis, a crank connecting the crank shaft and the idler roll support and operative to oscillate-the support, and a pair of guide plates spaced to'guide the web between them, means slidably supporting one endsof the guide plates adjacent the bite of the cutting rolls, and means pivotally 'mounted upon the axis of the idler roll for supporting the other end of the guide plates.

5. Paper cutting mechanism as defined in claim 4m which the idler roll is axially floating with respect .to the feed roll axisand is resiliently biased toward the feed roll.

ELMER E. GARRETT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS .Number Name Date 171,949 New et a1 Jan. 11, 1876 506,798 'Scott Oct. 17, 1893

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