US2612268A - Magnetic separator - Google Patents

Description

SePt- 30, 1952YV R. F. MERwlN 2,612,268

y MGNEITIC SEPARATOR Failed Aug. 8. 1947 A INVENTOR, Floer" F menu/f7 Patented Sept. 30, 1952 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE 2,612,265 A l i MAGNETIC SEPARATOR Robert F. Merwin,` Erie, Pa. Application August 8, 1947, Serial No. 767,415

3 claims. (c1. 209-223) -This invention relates'generally to magnetic separators and more particularly to magnetic separators for use in ducts, or pipe lines wherein material is transferred at high velocities utilizing a fluid medium.

'Magnetic separators heretofore provided in ducts utilized to transfer material have been dispoised on an even plane with the bottom or the top of the duct with the result that much of the magnetizable material such as ferrous material and iron and steel trash would pass by the magnetsy due to the high velocity of thematerial being transferred,` such as cotton material being transferred to opening machinery in a cotton mill. Many fires have resultedl from tramp metal and where the metal passes the pickers and openers without causing fires, it invariably damages the carding machinery with resulting shut down and loss of time and production. An inclined baille has been tried in the ducts but it was found that much .of the magnetizable Inaterial passed the magnets in that the cotton or otherm'aterial passing through the duct passed throughYV at great velocity and carried the magnetizable material with it. Where bafes have been disposed inside a duct Ain conjunction with magnets, it has been practically impossible to clean `the magnets vwithout tearing down the duct. vNo magnetic separating means has heretofore been provided to `taire advantage of the diii'erence in inertia between the magnetizable material and the material being conveyed by a fluid such as air or liquidat high velocities.

, It is, accordingly, an object of my invention to overcome the above and other defects in magr netic separators for a duct and it is more particularly an object of my invention to provide magnetic separators for a duct which are simple in construction, eiiicient in operation, economical in cost, easy to install, economical in maintenance and easy to clean.

Another object of my invention is to provide a magnetic separator in a duct which separates a maximum amount of 'magnetizable material from the nonmagnetic material passing through the duct. r

Another object of my invention is to provide a hinged magnetic unit which swings outwardly from the duct and forms a part thereof.

Another object of my invention is to provide magnetic separators in a duct without materially cutting down the flow of the nonmagnetic material inthe duct. r f Another object of my invention is to provide a magnetic separating device in a duct which utilizes the difference in inertia between the magnetizable and non-magnetizable material passing therethrough.

Another object of my invention is to provide a non-magnetic air gap between the magnet plate Y 2 v and any magnetic duct or plate by using nonmagnetic binding, thereby preventing direct leakage of magnetic field to lessen the power in the magnetic plate.

Other objects of my invention will become-evident from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

Fig. 1 is aside vertical sectional view of my novel magnetic separator disposed in a duct; E r Fig. 2 isa perspective view of the permanent magnet assembly used in my novel magnetic separator;

vFig. 3 is a perspective view of the-frame shownv in Figs. 1 and 2 for assembling the permanent magnets thereon; and

Fig.` 4 is a fragmentary view in cross section of a modiiied form of my invention. I yReferring now to the drawings, Figs. 1, 2 and 3 show a duct I which has an inclined bafe wall 2, in the path of the flow of the material passing through the duct I, with an aperturet `over which is disposed a frame 4 with U-shaped magnets 5 disposed'side by side thereon secured by screw bolts Ii. The frame 4 is hinged to the wall 2fby hingesfI at point 8. Latch member `Slis adaptedto lock the'frame 4 over the aperture 3 in the baille 2. A second baflie wall I0 is disposed directly inthe path of the material passing from the baille wall 2 and has an aperture II for receiving an identical frame 4 of the same construction as frame 4, used in baffle wall 2. Frame 4 in wall I0 is hinged at I2 and is secured at the opposite side of the hinges 1 by latch member I3. I have found that the preferable disposition of the magnets 5 should be such that the upper half ofthe magnets 5 in the first inclined bale 2 are above a projection of the top of duct I and the lower half of the magnets 5 in the wall I0 should be below a projection of the top I5 of the walls 2 and I 6 forming the lower side of the hump duct. The wall I'I with wall I0 form the upper side of the hump duct. By placing the walls 2'v and I0 as set forth in the drawings, the material passing .through the duct I will strike the baille wall 2 and roll or move end over end whereby .the heavier magnetizable material, due to inertia, willtend to be thrown outwardly from any nonmagnetizable material, by which it may be surrounded, into close proximity to the magnets 5 in wall 2 to which they are exposed. The magnetizable material therefore moves into close 'proximity to the zone of highest magnetic force andis retained by the magnets 5. Inthe event that the magnetizable material is not held by the magnets 5 in baille 2, it moves in a straight line due `to its weight directly into the baille I0 where the same process is repeated to remove the magnetizable material. A plurality of hump ducts may be disposed in a duct if desired.

tumbled and most of the tramp iron and steel attracted by the magnets to separate the tramp iron and steel from the cotton as it changes'l itsl course of now. The frame 4 may ble-disposedl below the surface of the wall 2 leaving a shallow depressed portion to assist in trapping the mag'flf netizable tramp metal if this is desired.. f As the cotton passes from the inclined surface 2 it owsdirectly into baile Il) which is directly in the path of. the; f1o,w of. .the cotton" leaving'the inclined baflie' .2',"' l'Iheiiow of` the .cotton is; therefore, stopped by the baille'V l U; instantaneously,V whereby any remaining tramp iron and steelin thecotton is: .attracted by the magnets 5 disposed .in the b aillefyvallfl The cotton then moves down-` wardly to continue its ow to thev picker. By unlocking4 the latching members .I9 and 13, ,.the framcsllv may be. swung outwardly'and the tramp metal removed.froml the surface thereof. I Bfyih'umpingtheduct I at .[4, and. I5.as shown inv Fig. 1 and by'placing magnets 5 in the upwardly .inclined-baille 2 and the downwardly,- inclinedbaflie ||,..maximum separation of .tramp iron and steel is effected. f

In Fig. ,.4, I have shown a depending baie in a duct Whicndirects material passing .through theduct, toward. the bottom of Wall 2. to -provide for-greater tumbling action thereof.

.Ittwi-ll; be; apparent from the foregoing .description. that I havefprovided a novel arrangement forl the use of .magnets in a duct to separate tramp ironlandgsteel,k or anyV other material .attracted by.- al magnet.fromf the y nonmagnetic material passingthroughthe ductl. Although I have describedfthis-ductas one yfor use-in ajcotton mill, it will-be evident that it maybe used any situe ation wherein. :nonmagneticj material passes through =a duct, such-as tobacco, liquids, powders; grains, y-fsawdusalcork and the' like containing magnetizable material.

Aneimportant feature Vof my invention is the provisionfofz hinged 4 frames 4 with vmagnets 5 whichswing outward-1y forl easy: cleaning, 'and Which: spaces zthe. magnet plates 4from .the duct to '-:preventt direct leakageA of :the magneticy field. Anyisuitable-.form of adapter'may be provided forfconnecting-'my'novel separating device in a duct... .4 l L. y

'My novel :magnetic: separating device -may be utilized Aforremoving magnetizable material from paper slurries traveling in sealedliquid carrying ducts or;4 any' other use where magnetizable materiahis vto bef removed from nonmagnetizable material .transferredin a duct. My novel magnetic separating device may also beutilized'when disposedin'a vertical position where ow is by gravity'orotherwise;

i' Varioustchanges maybe made in the specic embodiment` ofy my invention Without departing from the spirit thereof or from `the scope o f the appended=.claims. 'WhatIclaimisrl 1. A magnetic separator comprising an .inclosed du'cthavingsa substantially horizontally disposed bottom'for.transporting material at high velocity, amangularly ofs'etportio'n"intermediate said duct defining an inclined wall at an obtuse angle with relation to the bottom of said duct, and a removable, comparatively flat faced magnetized member substantially the Width of said duct and disposedin saidinclinedwallin the path of the flowof materialin said. duct, a Substantial portion of the face of said magnetized member being adisposed above the longitudinal plane defined by said duct and out of the direct path of material flowing'in said duct, and a reversely inclined portion defining an inclined Wall reversely inclined with respect to said rst mentioned inclined wall and at substantially right angles thereto.

2, fAmagnetic separator comprising an inclosed duct having a substantially horizontally disposed bottom for transporting materialat high velocity, an inclined portion iny said duct at an obtuse angle relative to the bottompfsaid, duct having an apertured `wall extending' a tsubstantial distance above the plane of the top of said duct, a reversely inclined portion in said .duct"hav'in'g.an apertured wall spacedfromthe end of said first mentionen manned. weiland atsubstantiaily 'right angles thereto, removable frames disposed. in said apertured wallsjsubstantially..the .width of said duct, the marginal portion of ysaid framesbeing of unmagnetizable .,matrial, the magnetized members. carried. centrally .I of, said v frames, the magnetizedfmembersgin' saidv frame in said, first inclined wall having asubstantial portion thereof extending above Vthe .plane of the upper vwall of said-duct and-.the magnetized members in said framein said reversely-finclined wallv having a substantial.'portion` thereof extending belowa horizontal plane .passing throughgtheupper end ofsaid'rst inclined wall... -V f 3. A magnetic separator comprising an-inclosed duct having a substantially horizontally disposed bottom fortransportingematerialathigh velocity, an .inverted vV-shapedcasingiin said ductiextendingl a substantial distancetoutwardly ofthe longitudinalplane of-said duct, and having two apertured walls -at substantially right angles-'to each` other.l in' the: pathy :or-.material flowing through saidduct,` removable,11a-t faced -magnetized; members' inv said v'apertured walls of said inverted :V-shaped'fcasing extending substantiallytheswidtn'of said duct, said magnetized members `covering a substantial portion of said wallsA in said casing; the" magnetized members in each oft-'said w'alls'fhaving -asubstantialportion thereof disposed-mand out of the direct path of material flowingin saidv duct and'casing and said magnetized' members also having a' substantial'part thereof extending outside lsaid pathfof said flowing material. -I-' f 1 y ROBERT F. MERWIN.

A vREFJaluiNcEs CITEDl Thefollowing references are of record in the file of this patent: t

" Ur'nrEDf STATES .PATENTS Number 'A Name l Date 821,819 Neumann May 29;"1906 l'1,290;211' Kohler Jan. 7,--1919 2,293,664 Roberts i Aug. 18.1942 2,464,628 Willard -A Mar. 15,194'9 2,502,096v Koti1inekl Mar.2a,`=195o l .FOREIGNPATENTS Number'v Countryy Date Switzerland Dec'. 151928

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