US2584505A - Toolholder - Google Patents

Description

C. SEVERSON TOOLHOLDER Feb. 5, 1952' Filed Oct. 22, 1948 Patented Feb. 5, 1952 UNI-TED STATES ATENT 2,584,505-

TOOLHOLDERQ. a.

Ole. G. S.everso11,',DerLby, Comm, assigns;- .to The VikixigLToollCbmpany, sheltomilonn atcorporation ofConneoticut App'lioation QctobemZZ, 1948;;Serial Nob-5.5.8471;

9.01miirsf.v (Cl. 29-1-96)? Thisjinvention relatesnto toolxholdemiandhas, ion-an object.--..to provide an improyed; holdenior separate cutters or.- bits, .lgraaztilculamly.a llolcleri011v tungsten carbide and;simi1ar cast alloxblts whichj,

holder} anctmethodeoiholdin S thataup qrt nnoyidediontne bitqin venyo-clozsedpr ximitx oothe actualhointoi contact at. the-1.12001 shit andflhea won-k1: 11.

Another; lobjectvis o p Qy'id ;aho1der,which; wilh-shavsoa; mechanical .-;1ock:.fo.r 'a-carkbiode -.c:utter.s. and: other -cuttin :.materia1-s.i hiQhWill' eliminate theastrainswflue; brazin angl straingxset .up by difiemntxooeflioientsl of; expansionvof, mon mer, boom ancwheycutting; material nndmheatgenfl: atedaby themodern highopeeouma hines,1311115 reaka e is; materially Qd-HCQ- i'; pexmitt gz more economical useof expensivehcuttmgimaterials;.;

Stillizanuthsr.object isto providejamonstmction, of;-z meohanieaklockingzmeansfionthe. tool which; facilitateszand zaoco1erates .tool-uchangin as; the -J toot becomeshdulhoabecause@thescutting-t lsocan be easflst' removedrfromv. thezholderranduit: is. not neoessanyato remove;the,-,toolholden from-its, sun-u.- p0lbr;diStJlbJjhe:tOO1fltu .-.:;I-

It. another objectto providerewz ons ruction which proyidesionmvemeoonomioal nsumptio oiotheom hipricad euttingi'mat niaz -nasonly aam hi-t mum-amount, f, thiskcutting; material; is;. .q -.i ld: forr' lookin it;- in. the! :tool hold r h P130Vi' in t e max of oductive-use of thepoutting mgt eni glg Anothenobj ectgisvto provide amholden and rbit in; which. the-amt is; of V suchashape that. qu ck. T w; acoura twjshanpening; 1105ib1e-.by means at a, s-lhlplegrihdins;fixture iandrthusotheohanpenina opemtionslcan ,he periormedo-o-hy ordinary-um; skilled 1abor;--

Stilbanother 0bjCriS tQ proyidemn imoroyeck n itivel lockings and;unlockingmoanswhioh. pro videswn; efficient, rig idfi easily; operable means of;

ture is: especial y i po tant for. effeotiyely usin carbide .-and othen'except onally -:hahdwbufi easily broken mo demcutting materialw;

StiHranothfinobjoot is toyproyidexai holoileln,and-

locking dgvieetwhiom allows u-11 heptkoi outstabe; taken;- M n? afiten repea ed rershanpening opamountof cutting material confronts thework,

the uttin arembeinsthetsame as itwasnb forek grinding- I is; anotheh object to provide us. tool !hold r i whichrthevtooh bit may the 0L such a des gn. and adap o litx that s andard.- shapestoi cuttin -ma: tonal-swam he, utilized. .-.11hoso,shapesarm vaih-v able; (foltt-hrazinghfor example}. and by a.,;s1ig 1 1t amount o addit onaltworkncan be made :rea y-fqr usevin, thisiholder. .jlho toolwand, holder/are. of

suchh de ign-that thew-maybe:manufa tured at lowoostu-fio v(YA still further object isto pzroyidoia constru tionin which accu atesadj uatment o etoolh t f inrelati nrtolanothontoolvbit can be ao mp mh dh more .easily than by romoving. (the (tool holder, as. when. more t an; one toolisrset or anartic w larowork piece,

With the foregoing.-randooizher objeots uin view. o I. have devised. the constructionoillustrated'in thei accompanyingtdra wing,imm n t t pa t of this specification, .-I,t. howeyento, he understood. he. invention ,is notAim ted-V to theisp cific de- 1 ails .oihonstructioh vandan5mgemehtshown.ibuti. may .embody: various, changoso and modifications.

within the scopeoithe inslentiq'oov In thisnrawing;

Fi is attopl plan-view; of the.-too1 holder and bit with.v portions brokBILaway to. mom. clearly shqwtheoconstnuction';

Fig.v .2 is al. thansversa section. substantially. on.

Fi 3, aimnt ..view loo n towzmi the bottomoiEig. 1;,

Fig. "4,15 an End. view, looking fgom the. left 0.1 Fi ;3.;:

Fig.5; i soalv perspective iview of theibit' n of. the, holidetshowingitheybit in plage, and also showing a slight modification;

Figsgfi, and II. ;are. an. end" and idonview; respectively of thawedgemembezi or blockfor locking;

the bit, and, .o

4 Figs-{Band 9 jarean end and. sidejv ow p tively of theobith tool post of a lathe, planer, shaper, or automatic machine. tool! andthe, ike, and rat he. other .or

heaidmend ha means ioxomonnting' th er v toolobit $12 at any .,,suitablejmatepial, such, -forex-: ampleh anf stonl carbidbsoor otheriihard ast 'as'indicated at B, Fig. 1. of this passage is enlarged downwardly, as shown at 23, and the lower wall or surface of this en- 3 alloys, cutting steels and the like. This tool bit is rectangular in shape with fiat parallel opposite sides l3 and I4, and parallel flat edges I5 and it.

It can, therefore, be easily ground to proper size for the holder, and can be readily adjusted in the holder. Means for mounting the bit comprises a wedge member or block I1 and adjusting screw l8 for this block, and another adjusting screw l9 for shifting the cutter or tool bit iii. The

body member is provided with a transverse passage inclined rearwardly and downwardly adjacent the top edge of the front face 2|, as shown in Figs. 2 and 4, and although the angle of this inclination may vary somewhat it is preferably about 8 to the horizontal top wall, as indicated at A, Fig. 3. It is also biased or set at an angle less than a right angle to the plane of the face 2 I, as shown in Fig. 1, so that it is inclined rearwardly from the front end 22 of the body. This angle may also vary, but is preferably about larged portion is transversely curved, as shown in Fig. 3, the curved surface being a portion of acylindrical surface and preferably substantially a half round or semi-cylindrical. The remaining The forward portion portion of the passage 20, as shown at 24, is rec-,

tangularand of the same size and shape as the tool bit or cutter l2. mounted in the forward portion 23 of the passage and has a curved lower surface-25 corre- The wedge block I1 is sponding to the curved surface 23 of the passage,

that is, a portion of a cylindricalsurface, and is preferably approximately a half round or semicylindrical. This will permit a limited rocking or turning movement of the wedge member. The top surface 26 of this member is fiat and inclined rearwardly and downwardly from the forward end 27 of the member, as shown in Fig.7, and

this inclined or camming surface 26 is accurately ground flat and to the proper angle. The anglemay vary somewhat, but is preferably about 6 to the longitudinal axis of the block or member. The block is also provided with a threaded longitudinal opening 28 therethrough for threaded en-- gagement with the adjusting screw [8. This adjusting screw comprises two portions, the forward portion 29 having a left hand thread while the rear portion 30 has a right hand thread, the left hand thread being threaded into the wedge block or member ll, while the right hand threaded" portion 30 is threaded into threaded opening 3i of the body ill to the rear of the enlarged portion 23 of the passage 26. Means is provided whereby this screw may be operated, such, for example, as a hex or other sided socket 332 for a wrench.

The adjusting screw I9 is threaded into a threaded passage 33 at one side.of passage 2K1,v

and leads from the'rear face 34 of the body forwardly toward and to a point adjacent the front surface 2|. It may terminate any suitable-distance, such as 35, from the forward surface. This threaded passage is at an upper corner of the passage 20 and is so located that a portion of screw I9 projects into the passage 20 so as to abut at its inner end 36 with the inner end 31' of the cutter or tool bitl2. This is also a socket screw;

having a hex or other noncircular socket 38 in its outer end for the use of'a suitablyshaped wrench.

In use, the wedging or clamping block or mem-. ber I1 is adjusted longitudinally in the passage,

20 by means of the screw [8 and the toolbit or cutter IZmay be adjusted longitudinally of this proper distance from the end and front surface of the body It] by means of the screw l9. Then the screw I8 is operated to shift the wedge block l! rearwardly and by action of the inclined or tapered top wall26 to effectively clamp the cutter 'or bit l2 against the top wall 40 of the passage 20.

It will be seen from the above that in this position the tool bit is positively and tightly clamped in position and is solidly and firmly supported by the wedge block I1, which in turn is solidly and rigidly supported by the body member 18. Because of the rounded surfaces 23 and 25 of the passage and block the block may rock or turn slightly so as to insure its top flat in-' clined surface squarely engages and fits the lower surface of the tool bit, producing a uniform support and clamping action and uniform stresses which will not crack the tool bit. It will also be seen from Figs. 3 and 4 that the tool bit [2 is supported by this block up to a point closely adjacent the free projecting end of the bit, so that there is a solid firm support for practically the entire length of the bit, and the force or thrust of the cutting operation is taken directly by the block and practically in line with the pointof the cutting force, so that this supporting structure for the tool bit is very effective for mounting bits of such materials as tungsten car-' bides and the like, which are extremely hard butvery brittle. -It will also be seen that for this same reason, practically the entire length of the bit l2 may be used because only a small portion is required to be clamped by the block IT to effectivelyhold it in position. This effects a very material saving in the use of these high cost materials, as only a small portion need be thrown away. The screw 19 is a duel purpose screw. Itcontacts the bit or cutting material-and assists the wedge block I! in absorbing-the thrust de-:

veloped by the cutting action of the. cool hit. Italso provides a means of adjusting the relation of the tool bit to the holder, or that is, its-posi-.

tion in the holder, to assist in the set-up'of multi-tools. This accurate adjustment of the tool bit in relation to another tool bit can beaccomplished more easily than by moving the tool holder, when more than one tool is set upfor a particular work piece.

Due to the simple shape of the bit or cutter 12 it may be very easily and quickly ground as the cutting edge becomes dull, as the bit is of rectangular shape with fiat parallel sidesandtherefore the same simple grinding can-be used for the whole useful length of the bit, and it'can be ground in a simple fixture by unskilled labor.

' Also from the novel arrangement of the adjusting screw 19 and the clamping screw 18 in block l1, it is not necessary to remove the tool from its support in orderto adjust the cutter or bit,- as all that is necessary is to loosen the'block l1,

adjust the bit by the screw [9 and then re--- clamp it by setting up the screw l8. The right and left hand threads 29 and 30 provide a rapid adjustment for the block so that only small turning movements of the screw [8 are required.

" The angle 3 at which the tool-bit l2 isle-' assssoa catedmin :holde'r provides. economical -u'sea of tool bit I2 in that it provides advancement. of: the bit in two ..=planes .of wearas indicated'by cutting edge '39 in Fig. 1, withmaximum advancementin the-direction of major wear: or in the direction of the feed of the tool into. the work, which normally is the .direction indicated -:by arrow in Fig. 1. Thus-with-themaximum cutting material being advanced in the direction ofltlie greatest wear a minimum amount .of cuttingmaterial needbe removed to resharpen the tool bit. This effects .a: great saving in use of high cost cutting materials. and reduces the time required for the resharpening.operations. .In fact-this novel construction and arrangement produces all the novel features and advantages set forth above inthe statement of the objects of;,the;invention,-beginningpage 1..

In the form of Figs. 1, 2, 3 and 4, the body. I!) is machined-with an upwardly. extending step portion til at the head end and is connected by the inclined portion 42 with-a lower topwallll' so that top of the-bitissubstantially on the levelwith top ll ofshank of holder Hi. This also-- provides more stockfor holding the bit. The'front wall l t-above thebit may be inclined substantially as shown to provide a chip breaker, especially for machining steel. This eliminates thenecessity where chip breaking is a problem of grinding a transverse groove or'recess immediately behind the cutting edge of the tool bit, which is a relatively costly operation and must be repeated every time the tool bit is reground. This also transfers the stress of curling and breaking the chip from the tool bit to the holder, greatly reducing breaking of the bit. Where the holder is used in certain types of machines, such, for example, as of the planer or shaper type, the whole top of the holder It may be machined fiat, as shown at 43 in Fig. 5. Otherwise the device of Fig. 5 is the same and the means for mounting or clamping the cutter or tool bit is the same as described for the other figures.

Having thus set forth the nature of my invention, I claim:

1. A tool holder comprising a body member including a shank at one end portion for mounting in a support, means for mounting a tool bit at the other end comprising a transverse passage inclined backwardly and downwardly from said end, the lower wall of the front portion of said passage comprising a portion of. a cylindrical surface, a wedge member in said portion of the passage curved on its under side to fit said cylindrical surface for free lateral rocking movement thereon and flat on its upper surface, said top surface being inclined rearwardly and downwardly, a tool bit in the passage on said inclined surface of the wedge member and located between said inclined surface and the top wall of the passage, and an adjusting screw connecting the wedge member and the body mem-' her to shift the wedge member rearwardly in the passage and clamp the tool bit between the wedge member and the top wall of the passage.

2. A tool holder comprising a body member including a shank at one end portion for mounting in a support, said body being provided with a transverse passage-in the other end portion inclined backwardly and downwardly from said end, the lower wall of the forward portion of said passage comprising a portion of a cylindrical surface, a wedge member in said passage curved on its under side to fit said cylindrical surface an'dz'having a fiat upper. surface inclined-2 rear,- wardlyand.downwardly, a'tool bit in the passage.

supported .1 by. said wedge,. an: adjusting. screw. in theirear portion of thepassagezengaging'the bit and operable to. shift thebit longitudinally in the passage; and. a. second adjusting screw connectingithewedgemember andthe' body. to shift the Wedge member rearwardly in the. passage and clam'p.-.the bit between thewedge member .and.

the top of the-passage.

3; A tool holder including a body member:pro.- vided with a passage spaced below its top wall, a

portion of thelower surface of the passage-be-- ingiitransversely .curved and :comprising a. por tion of a cylindrical-surface,..a wedge block in said: passage. provided. with a similarly. curved surface .on its lower side seated' on said curved surface in the passagezand free for lateral rock'- wall 'of thepassage, and an adjusting screw .to shiftthe block. longitudinally to clampthe tool bit imposition against the top wall of the'passage.

4. A tool holder comprising a body member provided. with an .inclined passage. opening through one side wall; xthe forward portion of the :passagebeing transversely curved on its lower surface? a wedge :block in theupassage similarly curved on its lower surface and seated on said curved surface of the passage so that it is free to rock laterally, the top surface of the block being flat and longitudinally inclined downwardly from its forward end, a tool bit mounted between the top surface of the block and the top surface of the passage, and means for longitudinally shifting the block to clamp the tool bit in position against the top surface of the passage.

5. A tool holder comprising a body member provided with an inclined passage opening through one side wall, the forward portion of the passage being transversely curved on its lower surface, a wedge block in the passage similarly curved on its lower surface and seated on said curved surface of the passage so that it may rock laterally, the top surface of the block being flat and longitudinally inclined, a rectangular tool bit mounted on said block between its top surface and the top surface of the passage, an adjusting screw engaging theinner end of the tool bit to shift it in the passage, and a second screw connecting the block and body to longitudinally shift the block to clamp the bit in adjusted positions.

6. A tool holder comprising a body provided with a downwardly and rearwardly inclined passage opening through one side wall, the forward portion of the passage being enlarged downwardly and having a substantially semicylindrical lower surface, a wedge block having a similarly curved surface seating'on that of the passage and a flat longitudinally inclined top surface, a rectangular tool bit mounted on the block between its top wall and the top wall of the passage, an adjusting screw engaging the inner end of the bit to shift it in the passage, and

a second screw including right and left hand threads at its opposite end portions with one portion threaded into the block and the other end portion into the body to longitudinally shift the block and clamp the bit in adjusted positions.

7. A tool holder comprising a shank at one end for mounting it in a support and a passage at the other end spaced below the top wall of 7 the shank so as to be provided with a top surface, a tool bit mounted in the passage against said top surface projecting from the forward endthereof and provided with a cutting edge on substantially the levelof the top surface of the passage, the material of the holder over the passage being extended above the level of the top surfaces of the passage [and the bit, the front surface of said material of the holder over the bit being inclined upwardly and rearwardly from the level of the top surface of the bit and from a position spaced a short distance back of said cutting edge to form a chip breaker, and means for clamping the bit in position in the passage with its top surface against the top surface of the passage.

8. A tool holder comprising a body provided with a passage extending inwardly from a side surface and spaced below the top wall of the body, a tool bit mounted in the passage against the top surface of the passage and provided with a cutting edge projecting from the passage on substantially the level of said top surface, and the front edge of the material of the body between the top of the passage and the top surface of the body being inclined upwardly and backwardly from the top surface of the passage and the. top surface of the bit to provide a substantially flat inclined chip breaking surface located a short distance to the rear of the cutting edge,

with its top surface against the top surface of;

the passage. 7 V

9. A tool holder comprising a body member provided witha passage opening through one end,

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,648,380 Dover Nov. 8, 1927 2,096,472 Schmidt Oct. 19, 1937 2,140,940 Reaney Dec. 20, 1938 2,347,136 Speckert Apr. 18, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 3,668 Great Britain Feb. 14. 1906

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