US2577919A - Association on flying machine of compressor-jet units with ramjet units - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 11, 1951 M. ROY 2,577,919

ASSOCIATION ON FLEYING MACHINE OF COMPRESSOR-JET UNITS WITH RAM-JET UNITS Filed July '7, 1948 INIVQ'NTOR Patented Dec. 11, 1951 uulrao STATES PATENT OFFICE ASSOCIATION N FLYING momma or comaussoa-m'r mvrrs wrrn RAM- JET UNITS Maurice oy, Paris, France, assignor to Societe Natlona d'Etudc et de Construction de Motenrs dAviation, Paris, France, a company of France A pummu July 1, 1948, Serial No. 37,328 In France July 22, 1947 2 Claims. (Cl. 60-35.6)

a double alternative feed as defined hereinabove and housed inside a wing or tail fin for producing a blast of air on the leading edge of a high-lift flap or of a controlled flap. As my invention allows ensuring even at low speeds the feeding of a ram jet unit, such a blowing of air is thus useful at such speeds where the high lift effect is particularly sought for, chiefly for taking off or landing or a lighting on sea.

My invention relates to the associated applica- I tion. with a view to a very high speed of flight, of ram-jet units with compressor jet units of the first type cited above. It consists when the direct collection of air by the ram-jet units is not sufficient for produing a compression ensuring a suitable for the suction of the boundary layers on the surfaces of the flying machine, chiefly through the agency of an ejector associated with the according to applicant's copending applicatioh Serial No. 37,327, filed July 7, 1948, and entitled Improvements in means for sucking in the boundary layers on the surfaces of reaction jet flying machines, the present inven-.

tion covers also the simultaneous application of such sucking means both to the jet units incorporating mechanical compressors'as to the ramjet units associated therewith. This leads in particular to the possibility of providing advantageously for the suction of the boundary layers at varltius points of the flying machine through the rant-Jet units operating directly or else, according to circumstances as provided for by the invention, fed with compressed air; said ram jet units show the advantage of being located as required by reason of their small bulk and weight very near the suction slots for. the boundary layers and of exhausting the air sucked in in the very wake of the wing portions, tail fin or fairing from which the boundary layer has been removed.

My invention covers also the use of at least part of the Jet of a ram-jet unit provided with The following description and accompanying drawing will allow ascertaining how my invention may be executed, the features appearing both in the drawing and in the specification forming obviously part of said invention. In said drawing:

Fig. 1 illustrates diagrammatically an embodiment of a conventional turbo-jet unit shown merely in axial half cross section as associated with ram-jet unit in the sails or wings.

Fig. 2 is a view on an enlarged scale of the front portion of the ram-Jet units forming part of the preceding arrangement.

Returning to Fig. 1, it shows by way of example a turbo-Jet unit of the direct fiow type with a front intake of air at I, an axial compressor 2. combustion chambers 3 and gas turbine H adapted to drive the compressor. 0n the downstream end, the nozzle 8l provides for the exhaust of the reaction jet through the rear cross section 8. In order to modify the kinetic power of the jet according to the useful power required for the turbine, the cross section I may be adjusted through any suitable means such as a hollow needle valve 9 that is allowed to slide between the position iilustrated in solid lines and the position shown in dot and dash lines at I. through the agency of the pressure of oil located on either side of a stationary inner piston ll, said pressure being adjusted by means of a distributor that may be controlled automatically or otherwise.

At the delivery endof the compressor 3, a removal of air is made possible through the operation of movable shutters or valves, the outline of which is designed so as to restrict to a minimum the eddies and losses of load in the main flow of air and in the shunt flow. I have illustrated in Fig. 1 an embodiment of such a shutter constituted by a flap valve i3 adapted to move into the position it according to the output to be obtained. This flap valve shunts off a part of the flow of compressed air into a chamber I! in relationship through the pipes II illustrated in broken lines and embedded inside the body of the flying machine, with a corresponding cham- 3 berllupstreamwithreiereneetotheburnersil oi the ram-jet unit Ii. II, 24 shown cross sectionaily.saidunitbeinghous'edinsidethethickness ot a wing.

Whenthisram-ietunitistobei'edbythe compressor 2 oi the turbo-Jet unit. its diflusor Ii isclosedbytheshiitingoithemovableshutter II. that closes otherwise the comction of pipes II and chamber 20 with the ram-Jet unit.

Fig.2iilustratesonalargersealeanexamplc of execution of the double i'eed provided !or the ram-jet unit.

Thenormalairintakeassumingtheshapeoi a irontintakesiotintheleading edgeoi the wing maybeclosedbyacoverors'huttersuchasil pivotaily secured at Ii and that when shiited away from the opening at 81 opens wide the input into the ram-Jet unit. At the same time the iiap or shutter 28 pivotally secured at It closes iiuidtightiy through the saency oi an elastic packing suchasilandllthediiiusorandsetsthecompartment is ied by the'compressor oi the turbo- Jet unit in communication with the combustion chamber 28 of the ramiet unit.

The association oi the turbo-Jet unit and ram- .iet unit ted in the manner disclosed forms thus a reaction jet plant with a double how 0! air. the separation between the flows being obtained through a control of the communication established between chambers 20 and il.

At higher speeds. the iiap valve ll recedes into the position 21 in which position it bears asainst a 'iiuidtisht packing I1 audit is locked in said position through any known or suitable means. By closing the valve II the communica-- whiehineludesanairinletirentsectienopming section intotheannespheraareardischargeiet andacombustionchambsrbetweensaidssctims. a compressor-jet unit ior producing a propsliing thrustatleastiorthetaking-oiioitheaircrait and-havinganaircompressor,powermeansior driving the'ssme and a rear discharge node. piping means'connecting the delivering sidsot saidcompressortoapointinsaidductlocated between said inlet iront'section and said cembustion chambenvaivemeansior controliingthe outputoi'airunderpressuredeliveredbysaid comprusorintosaidb vi lmeanavalvemeans associated withsaidiniettront section iorwardly oisaidpointioropeningorclosing said inietirgt sectionandothervalvemeansarraugedatsaid pointiorclosingandopeningsaidmmeans attheiriunetionwithsaidduet.

3. The combination ct claim 1 wherein said last-named valvemeansccmprbean csciilaflm shutter pivotally mounted in said duct iorwsrdly oiiheiu'nctionoisaidpipingmeansandsaid duet,saidshutterbeingadapted i'orclosingsaid piping means when it opens the trout section of saidductandinverseiyiorcpeningsaidpiping means when itcloses said front section.

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