US2572242A - Skew brick for kilns - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 23, 1951 Filed March 5, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet l mm mr a B M a m .D W. J 2

ATTD R N EYE D. BURCHETT- SKEW BRICK FOR KILNS Oct. 23, 1951 4 SheetsSheet 2 Filed March 5, 1946 INVENTOR. Dana/d Eyre/2622 ATI'IJ R N EYS Oct 23, 1951 Filed March 5, 1946 D. BURCHETT SKEW BRICK FOR KILNS 4 SheetsSheet 5 INVENTOR.

Java ZZZEZJIY6ZZ ATTEI RN EYB Oct. 23, 1951 D. BURCHETT 2,572,242

SKEW BRICK FOR KILNS Filed March 5, 1946 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 IN VEN TOR ATTEI RN EYS Patented Oct. 23, 1951 UNITED sTAT s PATENT OFFICE SKEW BRICK FOR KILNS Donald Burchett, Olive Hill, Ky.

Application March 5, 1946, Serial No. 652,116

1 Claim.

This invention relates to improvements in skew bricks for kilns.

An object of this invention is to provide a kiln having an improved composite wall, bottom wall and crown which are constructed to permit expansion thereof without displacement of the various parts, the composite wall and crown being joined by the skew brick.

Kilns when constructed are usually round in formation and the floors of the present type of kilns will buckle during the heating thereof, thus permitting the sand in the bottom of thekiln to filter through the bottom thereof, and prevent the bottom from returning to its normal shape when the kiln is permitted to cool.

Another object of this invention therefore is to provide a bottom which is constructed in such a manner that the bottom can expand and contract without damage thereto. With the above and other objects and advantages in view the invention consists of the novel details of construction, arrangement and combination of parts more fully hereinafter described, claimed and i1- lustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which: I

Figure 1 is a sectional view of the crown and wall of a kiln embodying the invention.

- Figure 2 is a sectional view on the line 22. of Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a perspective view of a skew brick to be used in the kiln.

Figure 4 is a perspective view of a tie brick to be used in the kiln.

Figure 5 is a perspective view of a ship lap brick to be used in the kiln.

Figure 6 is a detailed view of the method of laying brick with sand instead of mortar.

Figure 7 is a perspective view of another type of tie brick.

Figure 8 is a perspective view of a lap brick used to tie the flue walls.

Figure 9 is a sectional view of a kiln having a modified form of exterior wall and broken away to show the various layers of the bottom wall.

Figure 10 is a perspective view of a brick to be used for flue draft checker.

Figure 11 is a perspective view of a checker flue brick.

Figure 12 is a perspective view of a fiue brick.

Figure 13 is a sectional view on the line l3|3 of Figure 9, and

Figure 14 is a sectional view on the line i l-I4 of Figure 9.

Referring more in. detail to the .drawings the reference numeral 20 designates the kiln which is constructed in accordance with the invention.

In building the wall of the kiln a circular trench 22 is dug in the conventional manner and the bottom or foundation blocks 24 are positioned therein.

Then the wall which is a composite wall having an outer wall 26, intermediate Wall 28, and inner wall is built in circular formation on the blocks 24. Dead air spaces 32 are provided between the walls to permit expansion thereof. When the bricks are laid no mortar is used but just a sprinkle of sand to prevent stickingthereof when heat is applied to the interior of the kiln, All of the bricks used in theconstruction of the inner wall and the intermediate wall of the kiln are provided with grooves 34 and mating ribs 36 or 360 to more firmly tie the walls together and wherever necessary tie bricks 24 and 40 likewise provided with grooves and ribs are provided to tie the walls together and the bricks have taper-v ing sides 4| or 4l0. After the walls'have been built to the desired height skew bricks 42 are laid thereon as shown in Figure 1. In Figure 3 it will be noted that the skew bricks have a substantial square shaped end portion 420, straight bottom 44 having a locking recess 46 and grooves 48 downwardly inclined top 50 tapered sides 52 and locking lip 54 and seat 56. The locking lip and seat are to tie the bricks together and the recess and grooves tie to the walls as shown in Figure 1; the recess permitting a mortar seat for the outside wall. The crown 58 of the kiln comprising inner and outer walls 60 and 62 respectively are then built on the skew bricks 42.

The ship lap bricks 51 shown in Figure 5 and the lap bricks 59, shown in Figure 8 are also used in the wall construction as shown in Figure 2 and dead air spaces 32 permit expansion of these bricks likewise and it will be apparent that the walls are formed according to the formation of these bricks into inner center and intermediate walls and the walls are so formed to prevent sand from shifting between the walls and thus cause buckling when the walls cool off. All lengthwise bricks in the wall are spaced one inch apart and all crosswise bricks are spaced one eighth inch apart to form the dead air spaces. The ship lap brick shown in Figure 5, comprises the body portions 6! and 63 which extend beyond each other at the outer end thereof as shown at 65 and 61 and the upper face is provided with the rib 69 and the lower face with the groove 1 I.

The lap bricks 59 shown in Figure 8 comprise the body portion 13, having the end portions 15 extending in oppositive direction to the body por- 0 tion at right angles to the center line thereof, and grooves H are provided in the bottom thereof at the joining point of the ends with the body portions and ribs 110 are formed on the top surface thereof.

In Fig. 9 it will be noted that the wall 260 of the kiln is formed of two separate layers of bricks while the wall 26 of the kiln in Fig. 1 is formed of only one layer of bricks. In Fig. 14 which is a sectional view of the kiln of Fig. 9 it will be noted that when the kiln bottom 19 of the form of kiln is built a large flue 64 is provided therein and an arch B6 is built thereover, using dome or arch bricks. Vertical fiues 68, are also provided in the bottom and are formed by the flue bricks 10 shown in Figure 11 and the flue bricks 8! and 83 shown in Figures 10 and 12 are laid as shown in Figure 14, which permits all the checker flues to communicate with the stack 72 and fine 64. The flue brick 10 shown in Figure 11 comprises the pyramidal shaped body portion 85 having the side base portions 81 extending from the sides thereof at right angles to a vertical center line through the center of the body portion 85. At the right of the brick the base portions extend beyond the base portion'of the body 85 as at 9 l.

The checker brick shown in Figure 10 comprises a body portion 93 having a ledge 95 formed on the front face 91 thereof and a recess 99 formed in the rear face Hll thereof and the rear face is slanted as shown.

The flue brick shown in Figure 12 comprises two lapped body portions 103 and I05 respectively.

Since the bottom is not tied together with mortar the grooves and ribs previously described, tie the bottom together and sand I01 between these bricks permit expansion thereof.

The crown is constructed with a six inch space between the walls and vent holes M and provided at the top thereof and are surrounded on the upper edge thereof by caps 16. V

The bottom of the kiln is constructed in a different manner than that now in use at the present time wherein the bricks are laid in close contact with each other without permitting room for The dead air spaces in the crown and walls also permit the outer walls to remain cool thus preventing cracking and seepage of water into the cracks.

The space between the vertical flues and the larger flues must vary in size according to the size of the stack, since there must not be more draft in these flues than in the stack since this will cause the kiln to burn hard in some spots and not sufficiently in other spots.

It is believed the construction of the kiln will be apparent to those skilled in the art and it is to be understood that various changes in the method of construction and arrangement of the various parts may be resorted to within the spirit of the invention and the scope of the appended claim.

Having thus described the invention what is claimed as new and desired to be secured by Letters Patent is:

A skew brick having a substantially square shaped rear end portion, a straight bottom-portion having a locking recess at the rea-rend thereof, grooves in said bottom portion forwardly of said recess and extending transversely of the bottom portion in parallel relation to the forward edge of said recess, a reduced forward end portion and the top of the brick tapering downwardly to said forward end portion and the sides of the brick tapering forward-1y to said forward end portion, a locking lip on the forward end portion extending outwardly of one sideof the brick and a locking seat on said forward end por tion inwardly of the opposite side of the brick and the lip forming oneside of said seat.

DONALD BURCHETT.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 338,490 Cowan Mar. 23,.1886' 1,5861% Gustavsen May 25, 1926 2,016,382 McBurney Oct. 8, 1935 2,225,216 Hicks Dec. 17, 19.40 2,240,117 Homolya Apr. 29', 1941 2,319,065 Karmanocky May 11,1943

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