US2567460A - Machine for grinding gear wheels - Google Patents
Machine for grinding gear wheels Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2567460A US2567460A US48554A US4855448A US2567460A US 2567460 A US2567460 A US 2567460A US 48554 A US48554 A US 48554A US 4855448 A US4855448 A US 4855448A US 2567460 A US2567460 A US 2567460A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- grinding
- tooth
- wheels
- gear
- machine
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/02—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding
- B23F5/06—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding the tool being a grinding disc with a plane front surface
- B23F5/065—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding the tool being a grinding disc with a plane front surface and the grinding disc axis varying angularly with respect to the workpiece axis
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F19/00—Finishing gear teeth by other tools than those used for manufacturing gear teeth
- B23F19/002—Modifying the theoretical tooth flank form, e.g. crowning
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23F—MAKING GEARS OR TOOTHED RACKS
- B23F5/00—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made
- B23F5/02—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding
- B23F5/06—Making straight gear teeth involving moving a tool relatively to a workpiece with a rolling-off or an enveloping motion with respect to the gear teeth to be made by grinding the tool being a grinding disc with a plane front surface
Definitions
- the teeth meshing at an -one timein highly loaded or'stressed gears are deflected by virtue of. thefhigh tooth pressure which deflections are a maximum at the tooth-face.-
- Each freshly intermeshing pair of teeth now, causes a slight impact, sincethe tooth of the driving whee'lowing tothe' deflecti'on of' the preceding tooths'lightly leads with. respectto the appurtenant tooth of the driven wheel and abuts against the face of such latter tooth.
- the teeth are given a profile which paru'any deviates from the true involute form, i. e. the'tooth' faces or roots are suitably rounded offI.
- Fig. 3 a schematic representation of the tooth profile, including the grinding wheel, cam and deflecting roller for the intermittent displace-- ment of the grinding wheel,
- Figs. 4 and 5 show a gear grindingmachine working by means of two grinding wheels ac? cording to the such method, in elevation and plan respectively, I
- Fig. 6 shows-a partial view of the said machine, including the generating; means,
- Fig. 7 a side view of Figs; 4 and 5
- Fig. 8 one form of the means" for displacing the grinding wheels, V
- Fig. 9 another form for displacing the grinding wheel carrier in direction of the generating plane, i
- Fig. 10 the same means,v but for displacing the grinding wheel in direction of its axis ofrotaf tion and parallel to the line of engagement, and
- Figs. 11 and 12 show an elevation, partly in section, and a plan view of a gear grinding machine in which the two grinding wheels perform the generating movements, while the gear wheel only performs a feed motion relative to the grinding wheels. 7
- Fig. 1 shows" a general involute tooth profile 2'-4, including the base circle do, the pitch circle d and the addendum circle do.
- a deviation from the involute may be seen, beginning at point I and extending to the addendum circle at 2.
- Such deviation involves the angle (pi on the base circle; Simi# larly, a deviation or transition is provided on the tooth root, extending between the points 3 and 4 and subtending the angle (p2.
- Fig. 2 shows the same profile enlarged, the deviation on the tooth face or addendum in direction of the addendum circle and in direction of the line of engagement F being designated by b and a respectively; The said two deviations are so adapted as to smoothly pass into the involute curve at the points I and 3.
- the said profile changes or deviations are brought about by a corresponding displacement of the grinding wheel.
- FIG.3 One form of such means is schematically Shown in Fig.3, operating through a cam 5 secured to a carrier '6' which follows the rotation of the shaft 9 of the gear 8 to be ground, relative to the stationary grinding wheel I, for the purpose of producing the generating motion.
- the cam on passing through the angle (121 from point Ia to 2a, displaces a deflector In by the amount e which, reduced accordingly, is transmitted onto the grinding wheel I.
- the latter successively approaches the tooth profile, from point I to 2 thereof, in direction of the grinding wheel axis, i. e. parallel to the line of engagement F, by the amount a (Fig. 2), whereby the tooth face is rounded as desired.
- Figs. 4-8 there is shown a gear grinding machine operating in accord with the method set forth above.
- a carriage I2 is mounted dis-. pla-ceable on the bed H and carries a further slide [3.
- On the latter is mounted a shaft 8 supporting the gear wheel 8 to be ground, which shaft is connected through the indexing means l4, l5 to the hobbing elements.
- the latter comprise the rolling cylinder l6 (Fig. 6) to which steel tapes ll are secured.
- the ends of the latter are secured to the stirrup I8 which is attached to the carriage l2.
- root on one and the same tooth flank may be rounded off by providing two rises e on the cam periphery.
- the deviation of the tooth profile from the involute or, respectively, the grinding wheel feed is equal to the rise e. Since the values involved are very cylinder I6 rolls off on the stretched tapes I! and thus imparts the necessary generating movement to the gear wheel 8 relative to the grinding wheels I.
- a crank gear l9 serves for producing the transverse movement of the slide l3, and is actuated by The a suspended from a horizontally displaceable slide 29 by means of two resilient hangers 28.
- the said slide 29 in its turn rests on the slide 30 which is vertically adjustable on the upper portion of the bed II.
- so abuts against one of the hangers 28 as-to force the deflecting roller I0 against the cam 26.
- a similar driving arrangement also is associated with the other grinding wheel I.
- the drive is derived from the shaft 23 through a pair of bevel gear wheels 32, 33 and the shaft 34 onto a further pair of bevel gear wheels 35, 36.
- the latter drive the cam 26 through the left-side pair of gear wheels 24, 25.
- the machine operates as follows: The gear ratio of the wheels 2
- grinding wheels I are used, of which the plane grinding faces are put opposite each other and at right angles to the hobbing tapes ll. The machine, therefore, grinds with a pressure angle of 0 relative to the vertical. A rounding of the tooth profile is produced on feeding the grinding wheels toward the centre .of the machine. It is from this reason that each cam 26 (Fig. 5) is given a rise 6 of which the magnitude and run correspond with the desired degree of rounding off.
- the position of the rise 6 on the cam periphery may be accurately ascertained.
- the tooth face small in the order of a few hundredths of a millimetre, it would be more advantageous to make the curve e to a larger scale, as shown in Figs. 9 and 10.
- the plane working faces of the grinding wheels I are facing outwardly and form the pressure angle a with the vertical.
- the grinding wheels therefore, have to be outwardly displaced. Such displacement is brought about, according to Fig. 9, by adjusting the slide 31.
- a transfer lever 39 comprises an idling roller 40 at one, end, while the shorter arm contacts a stop of the grinding-wheel slide 31 which is forced against the lever 39 through a spring 4
- the said roller 40 therefore, continuously contacts the said cam disc 26'.
- the curve of the latter in the present case a depression e, is derived as to form and position from the desired profile rounding. Since the slide is displaced parallel to the straight generating line G on the pitch circle (1, the magnitude of such displacement on the addendum circle da (Fig. 2) is b, the ratio e b defining the length of the lever arms.
- Fig. 10 The arrangement shown in Fig. 10 is similar to that shown in Fig. 9, but in this case the grinding wheel is displaced in direction of the line of engagement or contact F by the amount a (Fig. 2).
- the grinding-spindle sleeve 42 is displaced in direction of its axis, in that a spring 4
- ) of. the latter is deflected through the cam disc 26'.
- Figs. 11 and 12 show a machine in which the gear wheel to be ground solely performs the feeding movement, and the grinding wheels perform the entire generating movement and, further, an intermittent displacement for rounding off the tooth profile.
- the grinding-wheel carrier 44 is secured to a slide 45 resting on ball races 46 of a segment-like saddle 41 which is rotatable about the wheel axis C.
- the free ends of the said tapes are screw-connected to two tensing levers 48, 48 which are so interconnected through a tie-rod 48 as to subject the tapes to a tensile stress.
- the said lever 48 is provided with a third lever arm havin an idling roller 50 which rolls off a guide plate 5
- comprises a plane face and a curved portion 52.
- a rack driven by means of the piston of a pressure-oil cylinder 54, causes the saddles 41 to swing or swivel.
- Gears 56 mesh with the rack 55. and are operatively connected to gears 51 which actuate toothed segments 58 secured to the saddles 41.
- the shaft 8, on which the gear 8 is mounted, is mounted on a saddle 59.
- the gear 8 does not participate in the hobbing movement, but is axially fed, in that the saddle 58 is displaced on the standard I I through the rigging i0 which is actuated through a crank-gear 6i driven by the motor 62.
- the tensed steel bands I! are caused to roll off the stationary rolling cylinder I6, and the plane outwardly directed working faces of the grinding wheels 1 move tangentially with respect to the involute-shaped tooth profile.
- the tooth face or addendum shall be rounded 01f.
- the idlin roller 50 (Fig. 12) rolls along the guide and arrives, at one end of the latter, on the curved portion 52.
- the roller 59 thus, is displaced somewhat, upon which the lever 48 is rotated clockwise through a small angle. Since the lever 48 is connected to th steel tapes I!
- a gear grinding machine for producing the tooth-profile on the work by means of relative rolling motion between the work and the grinding tool, two grinding wheels, a work carrier, work carrier drive elements, means for generating a normal involute motion relative to the grinding wheels and applying said motion to said work carrier drive elements, deflector means operatively connected to the grinding wheels for intermittently displacing the grinding wheels in the direction of the straight rolling ofi line, and cam discs acting on the deflector means and performing one revolution for each double passage of the rolling distance of the generating means so as to produce tooth profiles partially deviating from the involute shape.
- a gear grinding machine for producing the tooth-profile on the work by means of relative rolling motion between the work and the grinding tool, two grinding wheels, a work carrier, work carrier drive elements, means for generating anormal involute motion relative to the grinding wheels and applying said motion to said work carrier drive elements, slides carrying the grinding wheels, for intermittently displacing these wheels, and cam discs acting on the slides for displacing these slides in direction of the straight rolling off line and performing one revolution for each double passage of the rolling distance of the generating means so as to produce tooth profiles partially deviating from the involute shape.
- a gear grinding machine for producing the tooth-profile on the work by means of relative rolling motion between the work and the grinding tool, two grinding wheels, a work carrier, work carrier drive elements, means for generating a normal involute motion relative to the grinding wheels and applying said motion to said work carrier drive elements, grinding wheel carriers for intermittently displacing the grinding wheels, and cam discs acting on the grinding wheel carriers for displacing these carriers in the direction of the spindle axis and parallel to the line of engagement and performing one revolution for each double passage of the rolling distance of the generating means so as to produce tooth profiles partially deviating from the involute shape.
- a gear grinding machine for producing the tooth-profile on the Work by means of relative rolling motion between the work and the grinding tool, two grinding wheels, a work carrier, work carrier drive elements, means for generating a normal involute motion relative to the grinding wheels and applying said motion to said work carrier drive elements, cam discs performing one revolution for each double passage of the rolling distance of the generating means, cams on the cam discs of a rise greater than the grinding-wheel displacement, and transmitting means intermediate of cam and grinding wheel, and adapted to reduce the deflection originating from the cam to the magnitude of the actual displacement and carry same forward onto the grinding wheel so as to produce tooth profiles partially deviating from the involute shape.
- a gear grinding machine for producing the tooth-profile on the work by means of relative rolling motion between the work and the grinding tool, two grinding Wheels, a work carrier, work carrier drive elements, means for generating a normal involute motion relative to the grinding wheels and applying said motion to the grinding wheels, said generating means including a stationary rolling cylinder and steel tapes secured to this cylinder, slides for carrying the grinding wheels, two tensing levers mounted on each slide and connected to the steel tapes and to each other, a deflector correlated to one of the said tensing levers, and a cam for acting on the deflector for displacing it, which displacement of the said deflector gives rise to a partial rotation of the said tensing levers, whereby the slide including the grinding wheel undergoes a displacement in direction of the steel tapes by an amount defined by the rise of the cam, such rise corresponding to the desired profile rounding or profile transition.
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Grinding And Polishing Of Tertiary Curved Surfaces And Surfaces With Complex Shapes (AREA)
- Grinding Of Cylindrical And Plane Surfaces (AREA)
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
CH882796X | 1947-09-17 | ||
CH2567460X | 1947-09-17 | ||
CH656803X | 1947-09-17 |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2567460A true US2567460A (en) | 1951-09-11 |
Family
ID=32965949
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US48554A Expired - Lifetime US2567460A (en) | 1947-09-17 | 1948-09-10 | Machine for grinding gear wheels |
Country Status (2)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2567460A (de) |
DE (1) | DE882796C (de) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2788618A (en) * | 1953-02-26 | 1957-04-16 | Deakin Gears Ltd | Bevel gear generating machine |
US2794302A (en) * | 1951-06-27 | 1957-06-04 | Deakin Thomas Meyrick | Bevel gear generating machines |
US2879630A (en) * | 1955-08-03 | 1959-03-31 | Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag | Grinding of gear-wheels |
US3584424A (en) * | 1967-01-06 | 1971-06-15 | Peter Herbert Cleff | Means for generating involute and noninvolute gears |
US4400916A (en) * | 1979-06-20 | 1983-08-30 | Maag Gear-Wheel & Machine Company Limited | Indexing generating method for grinding gears |
US4565474A (en) * | 1980-11-01 | 1986-01-21 | The Ingersoll Milling Machine Company | Method of generating involute tooth forms with a milling cutter |
US20120208436A1 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2012-08-16 | Mueller Hartmuth | Method for Hard Fine Machining of the Tooth Flanks of a Gear Wheel |
Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1183020A (en) * | 1913-08-08 | 1916-05-16 | Max Maag | Gear-tooth-grinding machine. |
GB403886A (en) * | 1933-06-06 | 1934-01-04 | Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag | Improvements in gear grinding machines |
US2164978A (en) * | 1937-01-06 | 1939-07-04 | Gleason Works | Method of and machine for grinding gears |
US2325836A (en) * | 1941-05-05 | 1943-08-03 | Robert S Drummond | Gear crowning |
US2392819A (en) * | 1944-01-24 | 1946-01-15 | Gear Grinding Company | Gear grinding machine |
US2404573A (en) * | 1943-01-25 | 1946-07-23 | Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag | Gear grinding machine |
-
1948
- 1948-09-10 US US48554A patent/US2567460A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
-
1949
- 1949-11-30 DE DEA344A patent/DE882796C/de not_active Expired
Patent Citations (6)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US1183020A (en) * | 1913-08-08 | 1916-05-16 | Max Maag | Gear-tooth-grinding machine. |
GB403886A (en) * | 1933-06-06 | 1934-01-04 | Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag | Improvements in gear grinding machines |
US2164978A (en) * | 1937-01-06 | 1939-07-04 | Gleason Works | Method of and machine for grinding gears |
US2325836A (en) * | 1941-05-05 | 1943-08-03 | Robert S Drummond | Gear crowning |
US2404573A (en) * | 1943-01-25 | 1946-07-23 | Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag | Gear grinding machine |
US2392819A (en) * | 1944-01-24 | 1946-01-15 | Gear Grinding Company | Gear grinding machine |
Cited By (8)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2794302A (en) * | 1951-06-27 | 1957-06-04 | Deakin Thomas Meyrick | Bevel gear generating machines |
US2788618A (en) * | 1953-02-26 | 1957-04-16 | Deakin Gears Ltd | Bevel gear generating machine |
US2879630A (en) * | 1955-08-03 | 1959-03-31 | Maag Zahnraeder & Maschinen Ag | Grinding of gear-wheels |
US3584424A (en) * | 1967-01-06 | 1971-06-15 | Peter Herbert Cleff | Means for generating involute and noninvolute gears |
US4400916A (en) * | 1979-06-20 | 1983-08-30 | Maag Gear-Wheel & Machine Company Limited | Indexing generating method for grinding gears |
US4565474A (en) * | 1980-11-01 | 1986-01-21 | The Ingersoll Milling Machine Company | Method of generating involute tooth forms with a milling cutter |
US20120208436A1 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2012-08-16 | Mueller Hartmuth | Method for Hard Fine Machining of the Tooth Flanks of a Gear Wheel |
US8961268B2 (en) * | 2009-10-22 | 2015-02-24 | Klingelnberg Ag | Method for hard fine machining of the tooth flanks of a gear wheel |
Also Published As
Publication number | Publication date |
---|---|
DE882796C (de) | 1953-07-13 |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US3916569A (en) | Methods of and means for producing helically toothed gears | |
GB351092A (en) | Improvements in and relating to grinding machines for helical gears | |
CN103737119B (zh) | 一种齿轮磨削加工方法及设备 | |
US2567460A (en) | Machine for grinding gear wheels | |
US2136266A (en) | Teeth generating machine | |
US2794302A (en) | Bevel gear generating machines | |
US2404573A (en) | Gear grinding machine | |
US2762268A (en) | Gear crowning machine | |
US2360235A (en) | Grinding machine | |
CN208557028U (zh) | 多工位定厚砂光机 | |
US1183020A (en) | Gear-tooth-grinding machine. | |
US2164978A (en) | Method of and machine for grinding gears | |
US1965002A (en) | Apparatus and method of producing gear members | |
US1985409A (en) | Method of and machine for chamfering gears | |
US3624972A (en) | Generating mechanism for a gear grinding machine for helical gears | |
US1990239A (en) | Gear finishing machine | |
US2207018A (en) | Machine for grinding gear teeth by the generating process | |
US3147535A (en) | Rotary gear-shaped tool for perfecting gears and method and means for using the same | |
US2053597A (en) | Machine for generating cams of the worm type | |
US2486020A (en) | Gear grinding machine | |
US2387167A (en) | Generative gear grinding machine with feed controlling slide | |
US1668932A (en) | Gear-tooth-grinding machine | |
US2879630A (en) | Grinding of gear-wheels | |
US1961396A (en) | Gear cutting machine | |
US1545111A (en) | Gear-grinding machine |