US2535316A - Rotary vaporizing type burner with carbon removal means - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 26, 1950 O. A. OHLSSGN ROTARY VAPORIZING TYPE BURNER WITH CARBON REMOVAL MEANS Filed D'ec. 6, 1946 Patented Dec. 26, 1950 ROTARY VAPORIZING TYPE BURNER WITH ECARBON REMOVAL MEANS Olof Axel Ohlsson, Stockholm, Sweden, assigner to Aktiebolaget Cryptoteknk, Stockholm, Sweden, a company of Sweden Application December s, 194s, serial No. 714,426

In sweden July 29, 1940 1 Section 1, Public Law 690, August 8, 1946 Patent expires July 29, 1960 2 Claims.

A problem in oil-heating technique which hitherto has not been satisfactorily solved is heating with Very viscous oils or the like. The difficulties are caused chiefly by the stopping-up of the narrow nozzles required for sufficiently minute atomization of the oil fuel, besides which it is difficult, at diiferent loads, to obtain smokeless combustion without complicated preheating devices and to avoid coking in the burner.

The main object of v:the present invention is to provide a burner with a gas-producing chamber, with the aid of which these drawbacks are obviated. A further object of the invention is to provide a burner in which the coke formed during operation is continuously burnt off from the surface to which the oil coke adheres.

A still further object of the invention is to provide the gas-producing chamber in the interior part of a hollow, rotatable body, having a gas outlet, the fuel being supplied or collecting in the lower part ofthe chamber, besides which an air stream for the purpose of burning off the coke formed in the gasifying of the fuel is directed against the chamber wall situated above the place at which fuel is supplied or above the fuel level. In this arrangement the rate of rotation of the chamber is so slow that the oil coke formed on the inner surface is burnt away before the said surface again comes to the place where fuel is supplied or to the fuel level.

The accompanying drawing illustrates diagrammatically as an example an embodiment of the invention.

Figures 1 and 2 illustrate two longitudinal sections of the burner taken at right angles to one another-Figure l being a section along the line I-I in Figure 2, which is a section along the line II--II in Figure 1.

According to the example shown, the gasproducing chamber comprises a hollow body II, which, by means of a suitable driving device, is rotated about a horizontal axis extending in the longitudinal direction of the chamber. The hollow chamber I2 is arranged as an oil container,

and has a constricted opening towards the outlet I3 for the vaporized products. Oil or other fluid fuel is supplied at the lower part of the chamber I2, preferably through a water-cooled inlet pipe I4. The rate at which the fuel is supplied is regulated in some suitable way, e. g. with the aid of a volumetric pump. Nozzles or apertures I5 for the supply of air are directed against the upper part of the chamber I2. For the supply of secondary air in the axial direction of the burner, a nozzle I6 (or several such noz zles) may be arranged, preferably provided with some device for the distribution of the air at its discharge opening. The regulation of the supply of air to the nozzles I5 and I6 may be effected by a single operating device or by separate devices. Suitable carrying devices, e. g. in the form of pulleys I'I, I8, I 9, may be arranged for the rotating parts of the burner. One or more of the pulleys may be driving or driven.

During operation the burner may be started by means of an oil-impregnated mop of cotton Waste which is ignited and heats the oil in the burner sufficiently in order to start it. Another method is to employ a gas flame or electric spark. The chamber II, which rotates slowly about its longitudinal axis, is heated to a temperature corresponding to the load of the boiler or furnace to be heated by the burner, and to the ratio between the fuel supplied and the amount of combustion air. By the heating, the oil supplied through the pipe I4 is vaporized and decomposed, the light fractions escaping through the outlet I3, whilst the heavy fractions remain forming a thin coating Vof pitch and coke on that part of the chamber wall which by the rotating movement of the chamber is freed from the boiling oil bath or oil layer. Against this surface coated with pitch and coke, air is supplied in such amount that the coating is continuously burnt away, so that the wall surface which enters the oil bath or comes into touch :ith new oil is always clean. In this way one obtains a smooth operation, which, according to circumstances, may be intended either for the production of producer gas by supplying a relatively small amount of air, or complete combustion by supplying a sufficient amount of air for the purpose. The burner may, of course, be used for different heating purposes, for instance, heating of steam and hot water boilers, furnaces, etc. Secondary air may be supplied through the nozzle I6, if it is desired that final combustion should take place in a ame chamber of a boiler or furnace adapted to be connectedto the burner. rThe supply pipes or nozzles I, I5 and I6 may be combined into a central unit, which can be cooled with a suitable medium.

What I claim is:

l. A burner for liquid fuel including a hollow body mounted to rotate around a substantially horizontal axis and having a gas chamber therein provided with an outlet opening at one end of the body, means for supplying fuel to the bottom of said chamber at a predetermined,- rate;

means'for directing an air stream for ,Y burning'- off the coke produced during the combustion of the fuel against the wall of the chamber 1o- Cated above the place of supplying the fuel, and means for rotating Said body and chamber slowly so as to permit the coke formed at the inner surface of the chamber to be burnt off before said surface returns to the place of supplying the fuel.

2. A burner as claimed in claim 1 in which means is provided for supplying secondary air at the outlet of the chamber so that the final combustion can take place behind the latter,

OLOF AXEL OHLSSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the le of this patent:

Number Number 4 UNITED STATES PATENTS Name Date `Ray Mar. 29, 1921 Kay Oct. 29, 1929 Robinson Mar. 28, 1933 Darrah Oct. 10, 1933 Goddard Feb. 19, 1946 FOREIGN PATENTS Country Date Great Britain July 14, 1932 Sweden June 22, 1943

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