US253292A - Breech-loading fire-arm - Google Patents

Description

BREEGH LOADING I 'IRB ARM.

Patented -Feb. 7,1882.

N. Farms. Phnewumosmpner. wmingum :1cv

IVER JOHNSON AND MARTIN BYE,

PATENT OFFICE..

OF VVOROSTER, MASSACHUSETTS.

BREECH-LOADING FIRE-ARM.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 253,292, dated February 7, 1882.

Application filed September 4, 1880. (No model.)

'To all 'whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, lvER JOHNSON and MARTIN BYE, both of Vorcester, in the county of Worcester and State of Massachusetts, have invented certain new and useful lm provenients in Fire-Arms, ot' which the followingis a specilication.

Our invention relates to improvements in breech-loading tire-arms; and it consists in the 1o construction of the fore stoel: and the manner of attaching the locking devices thereto; in connecting the breech-piece and lock-plate by means of the side plates which support the hammers, the rear projection on the lockplate,

I5 and the tang of the breech-piece; in the novel manner of arranging and adjusting the mainspring to retract the hammer from the nipple, of operating the cartridge-extractor while the barrels are being turned for loading, and o f zo connectingthehamnnerandtumblerand mounting them on the lock-plate.

In the accompanying drawings, which illustrate abreech-loading gun showing all our improvements as embodied in the best way now known to us, Figure l is a lengthwise vertical section. Fig. 2 is a side elevation, partly in section. Figs. 3 and 4 are perspective views of the two parts which alone form the front stock. Fig-5 is a sectional view of the lock.

3o Fig. 6 is a section on line .r x, Fig. 5. Fig. i

is a perspective view of the hammer and tumbler. The lower shoulder of the recess in the tumbler projects beyond the upper shoulder of that recess, as shown more clearly in Fig. 5.

3 5 Fig.8 is a perspective view of thebreech-piece,

and Fig. 9 is a similar view of the lock-plate.

The barrels Aturn on the pin Gin the breechpiece D inthe usual way, and are provided with the usual projecting blocks, ct a ft2-the block 4o a for connecting the front stock, B, to the barreis, the block a for connecting the barrels to the breech-piece D, and the block c2 for connecting them with the usual locking-bolt.

One feature of our invention consists in con- Y 4 5 structin g the front stock, B, of the metal piece b and the Wooden piece b only, and in mounting the locking-lever b2 and its spring b3 in a hollow projection on the metal piece b and snugly fitting thisv metal piece b to the wooden 5o part b of the front stock. The hollow projection on the metal piece b extends through a or guiding the locking-lever heretofore employed.

Another feature of our invention consists in theconstruction ofthe breecl'rpiece D and lockplated and in the manner ot' connecting them together. The breech-piece D has the usual slots to receive the blocks et a2 and the locking'bolt a3, is grooved underneath to receive the t'ore part of the lock-plate d, and has its rear end shapedto receive the projection d thereon. It is alsoprovided with a tang extending back between the upper parts of the projections d2 to a projecting piece on the rear end ofthe lock-plate d. This tang is fastenedl to this projecting piece and to the projections d2 by screws. The free part ot' the lock-plate d is also fastened to the piece D by a screw, thus firmly uniting the parts D and d together, which two parts so united form a strong breech-piece, to which the rear stock is secured by a screw-bolt extending from the shoulderrest tothe projecting piece on the lock-plate d, into which it is screwed. A leaf-spring, d?, which acts on the locking-bolt c3, is used instead ofthe usual spring acting on the linger lever ot the top snap, is attached to the pieceV D, and lies in a recess therein, which recess is covered by the lock-plate d.

Another feature of our invention consists in thenovel arrangement ofthe mainspring and tumbler by which the hammeris retracted from and held oifot the nipple, and consists in placing the ends ot' both leaves ot a double-leated mainspring, j', in a recess on the tumbler F, which is controlled by the usual sear,f, and sear-springj'z. ,The otherend ofthe mainspring tits in a seat in the projecting piece on the lock-plated. Theupperleat ofthe mainspring j' bears on the upper shoulder of the recess in the tumbler F, while the lower leatI rests on top of a set-screw, f3, by which it can be adjusted to throw back and hold the hammer at quarter or half cock, or in any other position, provided it be not so far as to prevent the requisite action of the upper leaf. The actions of the two leaves are secured by the difference of leverage with which they act on the tumbler, and this difference of leverage arises from the length of the upper shoulder ofthe recess and the distance through which it moves (as it describes an arc of smaller radius) being less than the length and movement of the lower shoulder, as clearly indicated in Fig. 5, from which it will readily be seen that in cooking the gun the upper leaf is depressed by the upper shoulder of short leverage and small movement, while the lower leaf remains on the end of the set-screw. By releasing the tumbler the -reaction ofthe upper leaf will throw the hammer forward, and it will strike the nipple or ringpin if the lower leaf be properly adjusted by the set-screwf3; but during the fall of the hammer and at a time before it strikes the nipple, determined by the adjustment of the lower leaf, the longer and farther moving lower shoulder of the recess strikes the lower leafot the mainspring, which it carries away from the set-screw, and both leaves are now exerting substantially the same force on each shoulder, but on account of the greater leverage the lower leaf is enabled to overcome the resistance ofthe upper leaf and to bring back the hammer to quarter or half cock, or to a position determined by the adjustment of the set-screw. When the locking-bolt is drawn back and the barrels turned on pin G (in the usual manner) the end of the cartridge-extractor arm g comes against the shoulder g2, and the extractor g is thus moved out from the open breech of the barrels in the usual manner; but this shoulder g2 is on a metal piece, g4, which is mounted on a spring, g5, as shown in the drawings, and which has a second shoulder, g3, forming a continuation of the metal piece g4 and extending above the shoulder g2, the whole iitting in a recess in the front end of the stationary breechpiece D, and held out by the spring g5 when the gun is closed, so -that the shoulder g2 is in' the arc described by the arm g in opening the gun, and in wh-ich arc it remains until pushed down by the barrels striking and acting on the shoulder g3, which is pressed upon by the rib or the metal between the barrels, so as to carry shoulder g2 down below the level of extractor-arni g', and thereby leave that' arm free to move while the gun is open. This arrangement of the extractor whereby it is left free to be pushed back when the gun is open-that is, ready to receive a new cartridgeconstitutes another feature of our invention.

The hammer F and tumbler F are rigidly connected by the piecef4, and both are supported on the projections d2 by a pin,f5. Gonnecting the hammer and tumbler rigidly in this way by a connecting-piece extending from the tumbler and at one side of the journal which supports them, so as to leave room between the hammer and tumbler for that part of the lock-plate through which the journal of the hammer and tumbler passes, also-consti- -tutes a feature ofv our invention.

What we claim as our invention isl. .The front stock, B, composed ot' the metal piece b and theV wood stock b', the metal piece b havinga hollow projection formed on it, which extends through a mortise in and terminates iiush with the exterior surface of the wood stock b', and having the locking-lever b2 and its spring b3 mounted in this hollow projection, substantially as set forth.

2. A breech-piece for lire-arms, consisting of the breech-piece D and a'lock-plate, d, having projections d2 for supporting the hammer and tumbler, and a projecting piece on its rear end, the tang of the breecll-piece D passing between the projections cl2, to which and the projecting piece it is fastened, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

3. The combination of the hammer having a tumbler provided with a recess the upper shoulder of which is shorter and nearer the center of motion than the lower shoulder thereof, with a double-leafed inainspri ng, both leaves of which lie in the recess in the tumbler, the upper leaf bearing against the upper shoulder and the lower leaf resting on a setsorew,by turning which it canbe raised or lowered to the proper position to catch the lower shoulder while the hammer is falling, so as to throw the hammer back after it has struck, substantially as set forth.

4. The combination ot' the cartridge-extractor g and its arm g with the metal piece g, mounted in a recess in the breech-pieceD and held out by the springk g5, so that its shoulder g2 is in the arc described by the end of the arm g' in opening the gun, and its shoulder g3 is struck and depressed by the barrels of the gun, so as to cause the shoulderg2 to move away from the arm g and lea-veitfree to be pushed i-n when the gun is open, 'substantially as set forth.

Y5. The hammer and tumbler rigidly connected by a connecting-piece,f4, lying at one side ofthe pin f5, which supports the hammer and tumbler, in combination with the projection d2, lying between the hammerand tumbler, substantially as described.

'IVER JOHNSON.

MARTIN BYE.

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