US2525532A - Simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images - Google Patents
Simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2525532A US2525532A US704305A US70430546A US2525532A US 2525532 A US2525532 A US 2525532A US 704305 A US704305 A US 704305A US 70430546 A US70430546 A US 70430546A US 2525532 A US2525532 A US 2525532A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- developing
- fixing
- photographic images
- emulsion
- silver halide
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- 239000000839 emulsion Substances 0.000 description 19
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 description 11
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 11
- -1 silver halide Chemical class 0.000 description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 description 5
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- YFYYRKDBDBILSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 6-amino-2-sulfanylidene-1h-pyrimidin-4-one Chemical compound NC1=CC(=O)NC(=S)N1 YFYYRKDBDBILSD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetic acid Chemical compound CC(O)=O QTBSBXVTEAMEQO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N Pyridine Chemical compound C1=CC=NC=C1 JUJWROOIHBZHMG-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 230000000087 stabilizing effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N thiourea Chemical compound NC(N)=S UMGDCJDMYOKAJW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- RUCRJCOKILGDPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-amino-6-sulfanyl-1h-pyridin-2-one Chemical compound NC1=CC(O)=NC(S)=C1 RUCRJCOKILGDPD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 241000009298 Trigla lyra Species 0.000 description 1
- XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Urea Natural products NC(N)=O XSQUKJJJFZCRTK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium thiosulfate Chemical compound [NH4+].[NH4+].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=S XYXNTHIYBIDHGM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M potassium thiocyanate Chemical compound [K+].[S-]C#N ZNNZYHKDIALBAK-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- 229940116357 potassium thiocyanate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 description 1
- UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine Natural products COC1=CC=CN=C1 UMJSCPRVCHMLSP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHMDPDGBKYUEMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyridine-2-thiol Chemical class SC1=CC=CC=N1 WHMDPDGBKYUEMW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N pyrimidine-2-thiol Chemical class SC1=NC=CC=N1 HBCQSNAFLVXVAY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003381 stabilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03C—PHOTOSENSITIVE MATERIALS FOR PHOTOGRAPHIC PURPOSES; PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES, e.g. CINE, X-RAY, COLOUR, STEREO-PHOTOGRAPHIC PROCESSES; AUXILIARY PROCESSES IN PHOTOGRAPHY
- G03C5/00—Photographic processes or agents therefor; Regeneration of such processing agents
- G03C5/26—Processes using silver-salt-containing photosensitive materials or agents therefor
- G03C5/38—Fixing; Developing-fixing; Hardening-fixing
- G03C5/383—Developing-fixing, i.e. mono-baths
Definitions
- This invention relates to the simultaneous development and fixing of photographic images.
- the compounds which I use in the developing solution to permit a stabilizing or fixing action are certain mercapto pyridines and mercapto pyrimidines.
- the following compounds are useful for this purpose according to my invention.
- the exposed photographic emulsion is immersed in this solution for 90 seconds after which it is washed in a acetic acid solution stop bath for seconds, the excess liquid is removed from the surface of the print by squeegeeing or in other suitable manner and the print is dried.
- a process for simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images which comprises exposing a silver halide emulsion layer, treating said exposed layer in a solution containing a silver halide developing agent and a mercapto compound selected from the group consisting of 4 amino 6 hydroxy 2 mercaptopyridine, 4 amino 6 hydroxy 2 mercaptopyrimidine and 6 amino 4 hydroxy 2 mercaptopyrimidine, stopping the developing action with a dilute acid solution and drying the developed emulsion without further washing.
- a process for simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images which comprises exposing a silver halide emulsion layer, treating said exposed layer in a solution containing a silver halide developing agent and 4-amino-6- hydroxy-2-meroapto pyridine, stopping the developing action with a dilute acid solution and drying the developed emulsion without further washing.
- a process for simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images which comprises exposing a silver halide emulsion layer, treating said exposed layer in a solution containing a silver halide developing agent and G-aminolhydroxy-Z-mercapto pyrimidine, stopping the developing action with a dilute acid solution and drying the developed emulsion without further washing.
- a process for simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images which comprises exposing a silver halide emulsion layer, treating said exposed layer in a solution containing a silver halide developing agent and 4-amino-6- hydroxy-2-mercapto pyrimidine, stopping the developing action with a dilute acid Solution and drying the developed emulsion without further washing.
Description
Patented Oct. 10, 1950 SIMULTANEOUSLY DEVELOPING AND FDiING PHOTOGRAPHIC IMAGES .9 Roman P. Dreywood, Rochester, N. Y., assignor to Eastman Kodak Company, Rochester, N. Y., a corporation of New Jersey No Drawing. Application October 18, 1946, Serial No. 704,305
4 Claims.
This invention relates to the simultaneous development and fixing of photographic images.
There have been numerous suggestions for the simultaneous development and fixing of exposed photographic emulsions. These have involved a combination of the usual development and fixing steps followed by washing and drying in the customary manner. My invention permits simultaneous development and fixing of photographic images without the necessity for a long water wash and therefore permits rapid processing of the exposed emulsion.
In Yackel U. S. application, Ser, No. 594,589, filed May 18, 1945, now abandoned, a rapid processing method is described in which an exposed silver halide emulsion is developed in the usual way and then treated with a stabilizing agent such as potassium thiocy-anate, ammonium thiosulfate, thiourea, etc., followed immediately by drying. This method involves separate developing and stabilizing baths whereas the present method permits the use of a single bath.
The compounds which I use in the developing solution to permit a stabilizing or fixing action [are certain mercapto pyridines and mercapto pyrimidines. The following compounds are useful for this purpose according to my invention.
B-amino 4-hydroxy-2- 4-amino-6-hydroxy-2- 4-amino-6-hydroxy-2- I mercaptopyrimidme mercaptopyridme metcaptopyrimidine The following formula is suitable for use as a combined developing and fixing bath accord- Water to 500 cc.
The exposed photographic emulsion is immersed in this solution for 90 seconds after which it is washed in a acetic acid solution stop bath for seconds, the excess liquid is removed from the surface of the print by squeegeeing or in other suitable manner and the print is dried.
.It will be apparent that my method may be used for processing either positive emulsions such as are used on photographic paper or negative film emulsions. Positive emulsions such as used on photographic papers are generally hardened and no further hardening treatment is required. However, in the case of certain negative film emulsions, the emulsion must be hardened before processing according to my invention. This can be done with a formaldehyde hardening bath before or during development or in any other suitable Way.
It will be apparent from the foregoing description of my invention that all or a major part of the silver remains in the emulsion after my processing treatment. This diifers from the customary combined developing and fixing processes in which the residual silver halide is removed from the emulsion.
I claim:
1. A process for simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images which comprises exposing a silver halide emulsion layer, treating said exposed layer in a solution containing a silver halide developing agent and a mercapto compound selected from the group consisting of 4 amino 6 hydroxy 2 mercaptopyridine, 4 amino 6 hydroxy 2 mercaptopyrimidine and 6 amino 4 hydroxy 2 mercaptopyrimidine, stopping the developing action with a dilute acid solution and drying the developed emulsion without further washing.
2. A process for simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images which comprises exposing a silver halide emulsion layer, treating said exposed layer in a solution containing a silver halide developing agent and 4-amino-6- hydroxy-2-meroapto pyridine, stopping the developing action with a dilute acid solution and drying the developed emulsion without further washing.
3. A process for simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images which comprises exposing a silver halide emulsion layer, treating said exposed layer in a solution containing a silver halide developing agent and G-aminolhydroxy-Z-mercapto pyrimidine, stopping the developing action with a dilute acid solution and drying the developed emulsion without further washing.
4. A process for simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images which comprises exposing a silver halide emulsion layer, treating said exposed layer in a solution containing a silver halide developing agent and 4-amino-6- hydroxy-2-mercapto pyrimidine, stopping the developing action with a dilute acid Solution and drying the developed emulsion without further washing.
ROMAN P. DREYWOOD.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 10 file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,230,976 Ham Feb. 4, 1941 2,304,962 Sheppard Dec. 15, 1942 4 Number Name Date 2,384,897 Dersch Sept. 18, 1945 2,453,346 Russell Nov. 9, 1948 OTHER REFERENCES Piper: More About Fixing, Brit. Journ. of Phot., v01. 61, pages 458 and 159 cited. (Copy in S. L.)
I-Ienney and Dudley: Handbook of Photography, McGraw-Hill Book Company Inc., 1939, page 378 cited. (Copy in Div. 7.)
Beilstein: Handbuch der Organischen Chemie, 4th edition, 1936, volume 2%, page 476 cited. (Copy in Div. 6.)
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US704305A US2525532A (en) | 1946-10-18 | 1946-10-18 | Simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US704305A US2525532A (en) | 1946-10-18 | 1946-10-18 | Simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2525532A true US2525532A (en) | 1950-10-10 |
Family
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Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US704305A Expired - Lifetime US2525532A (en) | 1946-10-18 | 1946-10-18 | Simultaneously developing and fixing photographic images |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2525532A (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2584030A (en) * | 1947-02-07 | 1952-01-29 | Polaroid Corp | Light sensitive silver halide photographic product for image transfer and process utilizing the same |
DE959516C (en) * | 1952-07-16 | 1957-03-07 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic process for image formation by contact transfer and material for carrying out the process |
DE1149247B (en) * | 1956-10-29 | 1963-05-22 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Photographic fixer developer bath |
DE1163142B (en) * | 1960-09-29 | 1964-02-13 | Agfa Ag | Photographic fixer developer |
US3542554A (en) * | 1967-11-30 | 1970-11-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Mercapto-substituted hydroquinone developing agents |
US4929402A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1990-05-29 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5071337A (en) * | 1990-02-15 | 1991-12-10 | Quadrax Corporation | Apparatus for forming a solid three-dimensional article from a liquid medium |
US5174943A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1992-12-29 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5236637A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1993-08-17 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for production of three dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5344298A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1994-09-06 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Apparatus for making three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5358673A (en) * | 1990-02-15 | 1994-10-25 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Applicator device and method for dispensing a liquid medium in a laser modeling machine |
US5554336A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1996-09-10 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2230976A (en) * | 1939-02-25 | 1941-02-04 | Electric Storage Battery Co | Process of making storage battery plates |
US2304962A (en) * | 1941-10-09 | 1942-12-15 | Eastman Kodak Co | Fog inhibitor for photographic emulsions |
US2384897A (en) * | 1942-06-25 | 1945-09-18 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Production of photographs in blue tones |
US2453346A (en) * | 1945-10-25 | 1948-11-09 | Eastman Kodak Co | Stabilization of processed photographic emulsions to high temperatures and humidities |
-
1946
- 1946-10-18 US US704305A patent/US2525532A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (4)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2230976A (en) * | 1939-02-25 | 1941-02-04 | Electric Storage Battery Co | Process of making storage battery plates |
US2304962A (en) * | 1941-10-09 | 1942-12-15 | Eastman Kodak Co | Fog inhibitor for photographic emulsions |
US2384897A (en) * | 1942-06-25 | 1945-09-18 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Production of photographs in blue tones |
US2453346A (en) * | 1945-10-25 | 1948-11-09 | Eastman Kodak Co | Stabilization of processed photographic emulsions to high temperatures and humidities |
Cited By (23)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2584030A (en) * | 1947-02-07 | 1952-01-29 | Polaroid Corp | Light sensitive silver halide photographic product for image transfer and process utilizing the same |
DE959516C (en) * | 1952-07-16 | 1957-03-07 | Polaroid Corp | Photographic process for image formation by contact transfer and material for carrying out the process |
DE1149247B (en) * | 1956-10-29 | 1963-05-22 | Gen Aniline & Film Corp | Photographic fixer developer bath |
DE1163142B (en) * | 1960-09-29 | 1964-02-13 | Agfa Ag | Photographic fixer developer |
US3240603A (en) * | 1960-09-29 | 1966-03-15 | Schuler Horst | Photographic developer solution containing non-sludging silver halide solvent |
US3542554A (en) * | 1967-11-30 | 1970-11-24 | Eastman Kodak Co | Mercapto-substituted hydroquinone developing agents |
US5344298A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1994-09-06 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Apparatus for making three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5779967A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1998-07-14 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5174943A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1992-12-29 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5236637A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1993-08-17 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method of and apparatus for production of three dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US4929402A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1990-05-29 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US6027324A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 2000-02-22 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Apparatus for production of three dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5554336A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1996-09-10 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5556590A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1996-09-17 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5569431A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1996-10-29 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5571471A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1996-11-05 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method of production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5573722A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1996-11-12 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5630981A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1997-05-20 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5762856A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1998-06-09 | Hull; Charles W. | Method for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5814265A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1998-09-29 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Method and apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5785918A (en) * | 1984-08-08 | 1998-07-28 | Seagate Technology, Inc. | Method and apparatus for production of three-dimensional objects by stereolithography |
US5071337A (en) * | 1990-02-15 | 1991-12-10 | Quadrax Corporation | Apparatus for forming a solid three-dimensional article from a liquid medium |
US5358673A (en) * | 1990-02-15 | 1994-10-25 | 3D Systems, Inc. | Applicator device and method for dispensing a liquid medium in a laser modeling machine |
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