US2519858A - Electrodeposition of nickel and nickel alloys - Google Patents
Electrodeposition of nickel and nickel alloys Download PDFInfo
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- US2519858A US2519858A US619904A US61990445A US2519858A US 2519858 A US2519858 A US 2519858A US 619904 A US619904 A US 619904A US 61990445 A US61990445 A US 61990445A US 2519858 A US2519858 A US 2519858A
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- nickel
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- cobalt
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- 238000004070 electrodeposition Methods 0.000 title claims description 9
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nickel Chemical group [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title description 44
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 22
- 229910000990 Ni alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title description 11
- FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M Sodium chloride Chemical compound [Na+].[Cl-] FAPWRFPIFSIZLT-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M sodium fluoride Chemical compound [F-].[Na+] PUZPDOWCWNUUKD-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 claims description 14
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 claims description 13
- RHZZVWTVJHZKAH-UHFFFAOYSA-K trisodium;naphthalene-1,2,3-trisulfonate Chemical compound [Na+].[Na+].[Na+].C1=CC=C2C(S([O-])(=O)=O)=C(S([O-])(=O)=O)C(S(=O)(=O)[O-])=CC2=C1 RHZZVWTVJHZKAH-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 claims description 12
- DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N (R)-(-)-Propylene glycol Chemical class C[C@@H](O)CO DNIAPMSPPWPWGF-GSVOUGTGSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 229910000531 Co alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 7
- QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Co].[Ni] Chemical group [Co].[Ni] QXZUUHYBWMWJHK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N boric acid Chemical compound OB(O)O KGBXLFKZBHKPEV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000004327 boric acid Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011780 sodium chloride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 235000013024 sodium fluoride Nutrition 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000011775 sodium fluoride Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000000615 nonconductor Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000005323 electroforming Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L Sulfate Chemical compound [O-]S([O-])(=O)=O QAOWNCQODCNURD-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 claims 1
- 229910021653 sulphate ion Inorganic materials 0.000 claims 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 10
- 238000007747 plating Methods 0.000 description 10
- 239000000080 wetting agent Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000007792 addition Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910017052 cobalt Inorganic materials 0.000 description 8
- 239000010941 cobalt Substances 0.000 description 8
- GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt atom Chemical compound [Co] GUTLYIVDDKVIGB-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 8
- 238000000151 deposition Methods 0.000 description 8
- KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M Fluoride anion Chemical compound [F-] KRHYYFGTRYWZRS-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 7
- 239000004848 polyfunctional curative Substances 0.000 description 7
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 6
- KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L cobalt(2+) sulfate Chemical compound [Co+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O KTVIXTQDYHMGHF-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 6
- 239000004020 conductor Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 4
- 239000003792 electrolyte Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 125000000913 palmityl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 4
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000008021 deposition Effects 0.000 description 3
- BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N hexadecan-1-ol Chemical class CCCCCCCCCCCCCCCCO BXWNKGSJHAJOGX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- -1 oleyl alcohols Chemical class 0.000 description 3
- CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium oxide Inorganic materials [Cd]=O CXKCTMHTOKXKQT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium(2+);oxygen(2-) Chemical compound [O-2].[Cd+2] CFEAAQFZALKQPA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 description 2
- 125000001117 oleyl group Chemical group [H]C([*])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])/C([H])=C([H])\C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])C([H])([H])[H] 0.000 description 2
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N (9Z)-octadecen-1-ol Chemical class CCCCCCCC\C=C/CCCCCCCCO ALSTYHKOOCGGFT-KTKRTIGZSA-N 0.000 description 1
- VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M Chloride anion Chemical compound [Cl-] VEXZGXHMUGYJMC-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M Formate Chemical compound [O-]C=O BDAGIHXWWSANSR-UHFFFAOYSA-M 0.000 description 1
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zinc Chemical compound [Zn] HCHKCACWOHOZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004411 aluminium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000015572 biosynthetic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229960000541 cetyl alcohol Drugs 0.000 description 1
- ZGDWHDKHJKZZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cobalt nickel Chemical group [Co].[Ni].[Ni].[Ni] ZGDWHDKHJKZZIQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000000356 contaminant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002659 electrodeposit Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009713 electroplating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008030 elimination Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003379 elimination reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000012054 meals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- URXNVXOMQQCBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N naphthalene;sodium Chemical compound [Na].C1=CC=CC2=CC=CC=C21 URXNVXOMQQCBHS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000000704 physical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000012286 potassium permanganate Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052725 zinc Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011701 zinc Substances 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/56—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys
- C25D3/562—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of alloys containing more than 50% by weight of iron or nickel or cobalt
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C25—ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PROCESSES; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D—PROCESSES FOR THE ELECTROLYTIC OR ELECTROPHORETIC PRODUCTION OF COATINGS; ELECTROFORMING; APPARATUS THEREFOR
- C25D3/00—Electroplating: Baths therefor
- C25D3/02—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions
- C25D3/12—Electroplating: Baths therefor from solutions of nickel or cobalt
Definitions
- the present invention relates to the electrodeposition of nickel and nickel alloys upon metals and non-conductors and has for its primary object to provide an improved electrolyte which is applicable with advantage to various forms of nickel plating by electro-deposition and is particularly suitable for use in producing the thick, hard and abrasion resistant coatings of nickel and nickel alloys required in eiectro-forming work; such as for example the production of the surfaces of pressure moulds by electro-deposition.
- a nickel plating bath of the fluoride type posesses very good throwing power while plating a deposit with low stresses and we propose to use a bath of this kind in preference to other known types of nickel baths such as the Watts, Double salt, Formate and All Chloride types, as a basis for the invention hereinafter described.
- wetting agents to avoid pitting in electro-plating is generally known but most of the known wetting agents increase the internal stresses of the electro-deposited coatings considerably. Moreover, they are known to decompose when submitted to the usual plating conditions, 1. e. when influenced by higher temperature, oxygen, development of hydrogen and associated factors and the products of the decomposition increase the stress still further, while the wetting qualities are at the same time lost.
- the wetting agent as sold under the trade name Claytavon WM and formed of sulphonated cetyl and oleyl alcohols of which 40-70% is oleyl, and the rest cetyl alcohol serves well for this pur ose.
- the hardness of the alloy deposited from the above bath is approximately 550 Vickers. This hardness of the electro-deposit shows relative stability even at temperatures between 300 and 500 C., i. e. at temperatures used in the production of zinc and aluminium pressure die-castings.
- the addition of the two organic agents to the fluoride bath containing cobalt ensures hardness, stability at temperatures above 300 C., and the internal stresses, which are usually increased by wetting agents, can be substantially eliminated. An excessive cobalt deposition in the first plating period is prevented, and it is thus possible to build up a deposit of a relatively uniform nickel cobalt alloy.
- the nickel electro-formed from the electrolyte of this invention is unusually stable in its hardness, even under the influence of relatively high temperatures and is not embrittled by submission to temperatures up to 300 C., a certain embrittlement sets in above 300 C., which may be mechanically disadvantageous.
- cadmium to the electrolyte in concentrations such as l in 30,000 this embrittlement is prevented, while the cadmium addition leads to a gradual increase in ductility with the subjection of the metal to increasingly high temperatures, without.
- the physical properties of the nickel referred to are not those ruling when the nickel is subjected to the temperatures mentioned but refers to properties of the nickel at room temperature, after having been heated to certain temperatures.
- An electrolytic bath for the electrodeposition of nickel cobalt alloys upon non-conductors for electro-forming pressure molds consisting essentially in aqueous solution of 33-50 ozs. nickel sulphate, 1 to 3 on. cobalt sulphate, 4 to 6 ozs. boric acid, 1 to 2 on. sodium fluoride, V to 2 ozs. sodium chloride, 4 to 20 grams of 1-3-6 sodium naphthalene trisulphonate and 4 to 12 grams of sulphonated aliphatic alcohol per gallon of solution.
- An elec'rolytic bath for the electron deposition of cobalt-nickel alloys upon metals and nonconductors in the production of pressure molds consisting essentially in aqueous solution for each gallon thereof 33 to ozs. of nickel sulphate, 4-6 ozs. of boric acid, 1 to 2 ozs. of sodium fluoride, 1 to 3 ozs. of cobalt sulphate, M4 to 2 ozs.
- a process for producing the surface of a pressure mould of nickel cobalt alloy which consists of providing on a master of non-conducting material shaped in accordance with the articles to be moulded, a conducting surface, depositing nickel alloy on said conducting surface in an electrolytic bath consisting essentially in each gallon of aqueous solution of 33 to 50 ozs. of nickel sulphate, 4 to 6 ozs. of boric acid, 1 to 2 ozs. of sodium fluoride, l to 3 075. of cobalt sulphate, to 2 ozs.
- a process for producing the surface of a pressure mould of nickel cobalt alloy which consists of providing on a master of non-conducting material shaped in accordance with the articles to be moulded, a conducting surface, depositing nickel alloy on said conducting surface in an electrolytic bath consisting essentially in each gallon of aqueous solution of 33 to 50 ozs. of nickel sulphate, 4 to 6 ozs. of boric acid, 1 to 2% ozs. of sodium fluoride, 1 to 3% ozs. of cobalt sulphate,
- a process for producing the surface of a pressure mould of nickel cobalt alloy which consists of providing on a master of non-conducting material shaped in accordancewith the articles to be moulded, a conducting surface, depositing nickel alloy on said conducting surface in an electrolytic bath consisting essentially in each gallon of aqueous solution of 33 to 50 ozs. of nickel sulphate, 4 to 6 ozs. of boric acid, 1 to 2 ozs. of sodium fluoride, 1 to 3 /2 ozs. of cobalt sulphate, A, to 2 ozs.
Description
. lack suflicient hardness.
Patented Aug. 22, 1950 ELECTRODEPOSITION F NICKEL AND NICKEL ALLOYS Peter Spiro and Fritz Wohlgemuth, London, England No Drawing.
6 Claims.
The present invention relates to the electrodeposition of nickel and nickel alloys upon metals and non-conductors and has for its primary object to provide an improved electrolyte which is applicable with advantage to various forms of nickel plating by electro-deposition and is particularly suitable for use in producing the thick, hard and abrasion resistant coatings of nickel and nickel alloys required in eiectro-forming work; such as for example the production of the surfaces of pressure moulds by electro-deposition.
Ordinary nickel deposits as usually applied in commercial nickel plating processes are unsuitable for certain industrial purposes, particularly for electro-forming work, because such deposits Moreover, the usual nickel bath solutions used as electrolytes for commercial nickel plating have a comparatively poor throwing power and the deposits obtained therefrom are subject to pitting and high stresses which are serious obstacles to the production of good work, especially when the deposits have to be superimposed to build up comparatively thick walls or coatings on intricate shapes; while in coating shapes formed from non-conducting materials it is essential to avoid such stresses, particularly when electro-forming surfaces of pressure moulds by providing on a master of nonconducting material shaped in accordance with the articles to be moulded, a conducting surface, prior to carrying out said electro-iorming.
A nickel plating bath of the fluoride type posesses very good throwing power while plating a deposit with low stresses and we propose to use a bath of this kind in preference to other known types of nickel baths such as the Watts, Double salt, Formate and All Chloride types, as a basis for the invention hereinafter described.
In order to obtain harder deposits Without loss of toughness and with a hardness which remains stable at temperatures above 300 C. we prefer to use a nickel depositing solution containing cobalt and we have found that the addition of cobalt to the fluoride bath increases the throwing power.
It is known that the addition of certain organic agents, e. g., 1,3,6 sodium naphthalene trisulphonate, to solutions used in the electrodeposition of bright nickel deposits increases the brightness and hardness of the deposits but the resulting coating or plating particularly if deposits of more than 20 thousandths up to 125 thousandths of an inch thickness are required is often laminated and usually very brittle, while surface Application October 2, 1945, Serial In Great Britain September 29,
pitting is increased and the resulting hardness of the coating will not survive annealing temperatures above 300 C. Moreover, we have found that the addition of cobalt to a, fluoride bath containing sodium naphthalene trisulphonate leads to deposition, upon the surface of the article to be coated, of an initial coating of nickel alloy which is very rich in cobalt and this cobaltbearing coating tends to disintegrate when heated.
On the other hand, the addition of an organic agent such as sodium naphthalene trisulphonate as above described was the only means previously known to us for eliminating or substantially reducing the stresses in the electro-deposited coatings, particularly in the formation of intricate shapes by electro-deposition. As above stated the elimination of such stresses is of particular importance when coating on non-conductors and it has been found that this result is obtained by use of sodium naphthalene trisulphonate without regard to variations of current density over a wide range; moreover it applies as far as the fluoride bath is concerned to various pH values, whereas with the other known nickel baths, the result can only be obtained, if at all, at a certain critical pH value which greatly complicates the operation conditions.
The use of wetting agents to avoid pitting in electro-plating is generally known but most of the known wetting agents increase the internal stresses of the electro-deposited coatings considerably. Moreover, they are known to decompose when submitted to the usual plating conditions, 1. e. when influenced by higher temperature, oxygen, development of hydrogen and associated factors and the products of the decomposition increase the stress still further, while the wetting qualities are at the same time lost.
We have now discovered that by using a fluoride bath containing cobalt with the addition of an organic hardener or brightener of the sodium naphthalene trisulphonate type, and at the same time adding a wetting agent of the type consisting of sulphonated cetyl and oleyl alcohols containing between 40-70 of the sulphonated oleyl alcohol, the remainder being sulphonated cetyl alcohol, hard and tough nickel and nickel alloy deposits can be obtained of a considerable thickness, without pits or internal stresses. We have found that the wetting agent as sold under the trade name Claytavon WM and formed of sulphonated cetyl and oleyl alcohols of which 40-70% is oleyl, and the rest cetyl alcohol serves well for this pur ose. The hardness of the alloy deposited from the above bath is approximately 550 Vickers. This hardness of the electro-deposit shows relative stability even at temperatures between 300 and 500 C., i. e. at temperatures used in the production of zinc and aluminium pressure die-castings. The addition of the two organic agents to the fluoride bath containing cobalt ensures hardness, stability at temperatures above 300 C., and the internal stresses, which are usually increased by wetting agents, can be substantially eliminated. An excessive cobalt deposition in the first plating period is prevented, and it is thus possible to build up a deposit of a relatively uniform nickel cobalt alloy.
Whilst the nickel electro-formed from the electrolyte of this invention is unusually stable in its hardness, even under the influence of relatively high temperatures and is not embrittled by submission to temperatures up to 300 C., a certain embrittlement sets in above 300 C., which may be mechanically disadvantageous. We have discovered, however, that by adding cadmium to the electrolyte in concentrations such as l in 30,000 this embrittlement is prevented, while the cadmium addition leads to a gradual increase in ductility with the subjection of the metal to increasingly high temperatures, without. subsequently reducing the stability of the hardness and without reducing the absolute value of that hardness for most temperatures It should be made clear that the physical properties of the nickel referred to are not those ruling when the nickel is subjected to the temperatures mentioned but refers to properties of the nickel at room temperature, after having been heated to certain temperatures.
The addition of the two organic agents and cadmium does not reduce the throwing power of the fluoride bath containing cobalt, which can be operated over a wider range of pH values than the usual nickel baths without reducing the stress-decreasing effect of the organic hardener.
An example of an electrolytic nickel plating bath for carrying the present invention into effect is given below:
Example Nickel sulphate ounces 35-50 Cobalt sulphate---- do 13 /g Boric acid do 4-6 Sodium fluoride do 1-2 Sodium chloride do -2 Cadmium oxide grammes .2-1
The above substances are dissolved into distilled water to make up one gallon of solution and the solution thus obtained then submitted to one of the known oxidation processes e. g. an oxidation process employing potassium permanganate to free the solution from organic and other contaminants. The solution after such processing is thoroughly filtered and the following additions are made to the filtered solution:
1-36 sodium naphthalene trisulphonate-4-20 grammes per gallon of solution Sulphonated aliphatic alcohol such as sulphonated cetyl and oleyl alcohols (40-70% oleyl and the rest cetyl) (sold under the trade name Claytavon WM) 4-12 grammes per gallon of solution The solution thus obtained should produce the results above described when used in a nickel plating bath at temperatures between 35-45 C. and at an electric current density of 8-25 amperes per square foot. The master is removed from the 4 bath when the deposit has reached a desired thickness, and the deposit is detached to thereby secure and form the mould.
We claim:
1. An electrolytic bath for the electrodeposition of nickel cobalt alloys upon non-conductors for electro-forming pressure molds consisting essentially in aqueous solution of 33-50 ozs. nickel sulphate, 1 to 3 on. cobalt sulphate, 4 to 6 ozs. boric acid, 1 to 2 on. sodium fluoride, V to 2 ozs. sodium chloride, 4 to 20 grams of 1-3-6 sodium naphthalene trisulphonate and 4 to 12 grams of sulphonated aliphatic alcohol per gallon of solution.
2. An elec'rolytic bath for the electron deposition of cobalt-nickel alloys upon metals and nonconductors in the production of pressure molds consisting essentially in aqueous solution for each gallon thereof 33 to ozs. of nickel sulphate, 4-6 ozs. of boric acid, 1 to 2 ozs. of sodium fluoride, 1 to 3 ozs. of cobalt sulphate, M4 to 2 ozs. of sodium chloride, 4 to 20 grams of an organic hardener and stress reliever having a sodium naphthalene trisulphonate base, and 4 to 12 grams of a wetting agent consisting of a sulphonated aliphatic alcohol and 0.2 to 1 gram of cadmium oxide to increase the ductility of the deposit after exposure to high temperatures.
3.'A process for producing the surface of a pressure mould of nickel cobalt alloy which consists of providing on a master of non-conducting material shaped in accordance with the articles to be moulded, a conducting surface, depositing nickel alloy on said conducting surface in an electrolytic bath consisting essentially in each gallon of aqueous solution of 33 to 50 ozs. of nickel sulphate, 4 to 6 ozs. of boric acid, 1 to 2V; ozs. of sodium fluoride, 1 to 3 ozs. of cobalt sulphate, 1, to 2 ozs. of sodium chloride, 4 to 20 grams of an organic hardener and stress reliever having a sodium naphthalene trisulphonate base, and 4 to 12 grams of a wetting agent consisting of a sulphonated aliphatic alcohol, removing the master from the bath when the deposit has reached a desired thickness and detaching the deposit to thereby secure and form the mould.
4. A process for producing the surface of a pressure mould of nickel cobalt alloy which consists of providing on a master of non-conducting material shaped in accordance with the articles to be moulded, a conducting surface, depositing nickel alloy on said conducting surface in an electrolytic bath consisting essentially in each gallon of aqueous solution of 33 to 50 ozs. of nickel sulphate, 4 to 6 ozs. of boric acid, 1 to 2 ozs. of sodium fluoride, l to 3 075. of cobalt sulphate, to 2 ozs. of sodium chloride, 4 to 20 grams of an organic hardener and stress reliever having a sodium naphthalene trisulphonate base, 4 to 12 grams of a wetting agent consisting of a sulphonated aliphatic alcohol, and 0.2 to 1 gram of cadmium oxide, removing the master from the bath when the deposit has reached a desired thickness and detaching the deposit to thereby secure and form the mould.
5. A process for producing the surface of a pressure mould of nickel cobalt alloy which consists of providing on a master of non-conducting material shaped in accordance with the articles to be moulded, a conducting surface, depositing nickel alloy on said conducting surface in an electrolytic bath consisting essentially in each gallon of aqueous solution of 33 to 50 ozs. of nickel sulphate, 4 to 6 ozs. of boric acid, 1 to 2% ozs. of sodium fluoride, 1 to 3% ozs. of cobalt sulphate,
5 ll, to 2 ozs. of sodium chloride, 4 to 20 grams oi an organic hardener and stress reliever having a sodium naphthalene trisulphonate base, and 4 to 12 grams ofa wetting agent consisting of a sulphonated aliphatic alcohol, at a current density of 8-25 amperes per'square foot, removing the master from the bath when the deposit has reached a desired thickness and detaching the deposit to thereby secure and form the mould.
6. A process for producing the surface of a pressure mould of nickel cobalt alloy which consists of providing on a master of non-conducting material shaped in accordancewith the articles to be moulded, a conducting surface, depositing nickel alloy on said conducting surface in an electrolytic bath consisting essentially in each gallon of aqueous solution of 33 to 50 ozs. of nickel sulphate, 4 to 6 ozs. of boric acid, 1 to 2 ozs. of sodium fluoride, 1 to 3 /2 ozs. of cobalt sulphate, A, to 2 ozs. of sodium chloride, 4 to 20 grams of an organic hardener and stress reliever having a sodium naphthalene trisulphonate base, and 4 to 12 grams of a wetting agent consisting of a sulphonated aliphatic alcohol, at a current density of 8-25 amperes per square foot and at a temperature of 35 to 45 C., removing the master from the bath when the deposit has reached a desired thickness and detaching the deposit to thereby secure and form the mould.
PETER SPIRO. FRITZ WOI-ILGEMU'I'E,
REFERENCES crrEn The following references are 01' record in the flle of this patent:
OTHER REFERENCES Industrial and Engineering Chemistry, vol. 33, No. 12, pp. 1546-1548, December 1941.
Metal Industry (London), pp. 299, 300, May 11, 1945.
Metal Finishing, June 1940, pp. 318-320 (an article by Weisberg) Meals Handbook, A. S. M., 1939 edition, pp. 1628, 1629.
Claims (1)
1. AN ELECTROLYTIC BATH FOR THE ELECTRODEPOSITION OF NICKEL COBALT ALLOYS UPON NON-CONDUCTORS FOR ELECTRO-FORMING PRESSURE MOLDS CONSISTING ESSENTIALLY IN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF 33-50 OZS. NICKEL SULPHATE, 1 TO 3 1/2 OZS. COBATL SULPHATE, 4 TO 6 OZS. BORIC ACID, 1 TO 2 1/2 OZS. SODIUM FLUORIDE, 1/4 TO 2 OZS. SODIUM CHLORIDE, 4 TO 20 GRAMS OF 1-3-6 SODIUM NAPHTHALENE TRISULPHONATE AND 4 TO 12 GRAMS OF SULPHONATED ALIPHATIC ALCOHOL PER GALLON OF SOLUTION.
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| GB18720/44A GB584977A (en) | 1944-09-29 | 1944-09-29 | Improvements in or relating to the electro-deposition of nickel and nickel alloys |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| US2519858A true US2519858A (en) | 1950-08-22 |
Family
ID=10117250
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| US619904A Expired - Lifetime US2519858A (en) | 1944-09-29 | 1945-10-02 | Electrodeposition of nickel and nickel alloys |
Country Status (4)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US2519858A (en) |
| DE (1) | DE804278C (en) |
| FR (1) | FR944048A (en) |
| GB (1) | GB584977A (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE956903C (en) * | 1952-04-22 | 1957-01-24 | Ncr Co | Process for the electrolytic coating of a non-magnetic metal with a nickel-cobalt alloy |
| US2802779A (en) * | 1953-12-10 | 1957-08-13 | Vickers Ltd Sa | Electrodeposition of nickel and nickel alloys |
| US3274079A (en) * | 1962-07-19 | 1966-09-20 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Bath and process for the electrodeposition of nickel and nickel-cobalt alloys |
Families Citing this family (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| BE526094A (en) * | 1953-09-19 |
Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US998085A (en) * | 1909-02-23 | 1911-07-18 | Frank Iorns Gibbs | Method of producing metallic vessels by electrodeposition. |
| GB438412A (en) * | 1935-02-14 | 1935-11-15 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Improvements relating to the electro-deposition of nickel |
| US2119304A (en) * | 1935-08-01 | 1938-05-31 | Eaton Detroit Metal Company | Electroplating |
| US2125229A (en) * | 1936-04-14 | 1938-07-26 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Electrodeposition of metals |
| US2147415A (en) * | 1937-05-11 | 1939-02-14 | Eastman Kodak Co | Electroplating |
| US2191813A (en) * | 1939-12-01 | 1940-02-27 | Udylite Corp | Electrodeposition of nickel from an acid bath |
| US2198267A (en) * | 1939-12-14 | 1940-04-23 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Electrodeposition of metals |
| US2228991A (en) * | 1936-01-20 | 1941-01-14 | Seymour Mfg Co | Production of bright nickel deposit |
| US2238861A (en) * | 1938-07-06 | 1941-04-15 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Electrodeposition of metals |
| US2313756A (en) * | 1939-03-01 | 1943-03-16 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of electroplating magnesium |
| US2315802A (en) * | 1940-04-20 | 1943-04-06 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Nickel plating |
-
1944
- 1944-09-29 GB GB18720/44A patent/GB584977A/en not_active Expired
-
1945
- 1945-10-02 US US619904A patent/US2519858A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
- 1945-10-22 FR FR944048D patent/FR944048A/en not_active Expired
-
1948
- 1948-11-13 DE DEP459A patent/DE804278C/en not_active Expired
Patent Citations (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US998085A (en) * | 1909-02-23 | 1911-07-18 | Frank Iorns Gibbs | Method of producing metallic vessels by electrodeposition. |
| GB438412A (en) * | 1935-02-14 | 1935-11-15 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Improvements relating to the electro-deposition of nickel |
| US2119304A (en) * | 1935-08-01 | 1938-05-31 | Eaton Detroit Metal Company | Electroplating |
| US2228991A (en) * | 1936-01-20 | 1941-01-14 | Seymour Mfg Co | Production of bright nickel deposit |
| US2125229A (en) * | 1936-04-14 | 1938-07-26 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Electrodeposition of metals |
| US2147415A (en) * | 1937-05-11 | 1939-02-14 | Eastman Kodak Co | Electroplating |
| US2238861A (en) * | 1938-07-06 | 1941-04-15 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Electrodeposition of metals |
| US2313756A (en) * | 1939-03-01 | 1943-03-16 | Dow Chemical Co | Method of electroplating magnesium |
| US2191813A (en) * | 1939-12-01 | 1940-02-27 | Udylite Corp | Electrodeposition of nickel from an acid bath |
| US2198267A (en) * | 1939-12-14 | 1940-04-23 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Electrodeposition of metals |
| US2315802A (en) * | 1940-04-20 | 1943-04-06 | Harshaw Chem Corp | Nickel plating |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE956903C (en) * | 1952-04-22 | 1957-01-24 | Ncr Co | Process for the electrolytic coating of a non-magnetic metal with a nickel-cobalt alloy |
| US2802779A (en) * | 1953-12-10 | 1957-08-13 | Vickers Ltd Sa | Electrodeposition of nickel and nickel alloys |
| US3274079A (en) * | 1962-07-19 | 1966-09-20 | M & T Chemicals Inc | Bath and process for the electrodeposition of nickel and nickel-cobalt alloys |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| DE804278C (en) | 1951-04-19 |
| GB584977A (en) | 1947-01-28 |
| FR944048A (en) | 1949-03-24 |
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