US2516374A - Machine for treating fur skins - Google Patents

Description

July 25, 1950 L. s. EISEN MACHINE FOR TREATING FUR SKINS 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Dec. 29, 1945 INVENTOR. L.. S. E ISEN ATTORNEY 4 ShQefs-Sheet L. S. EISEN MACHINE FOR TREATING FUR SKINS July 25, 1950 Filed Dec. 29, 1945 INVENTOR. L.S. E ISEN ATTORNEY 1950 L. s. EISEN I 2,516,374

momma: FOR TREATING FUR sxms Filed Dec. 29, 1945 4 Sheets-She et- 3 I IN VEN TOR.

' L. S. EISE N M T'TORNEY July 25, 1950 s. EISEN MACHINE FOR TREATING FUR sxms Y 4 .snee s-sheeflq Filed Dec. 29, 1945 INVENTOR.

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L.S.EISEH 3 Arm ATTORNEY Patented July 25, 1950 UNITED. STATES ra'rsm OFFICE MACHINE-EOE TREATING FUR SKINS Louis S. Eisen, Newark, N; J.

Application: December 29, 1945, Serial No; 637,947

14 Claims. 1

The present invention is directed to. a device or machine for treating fur skins for the purpose of removingtherefromthe wild. hairs, which may be termed a pluckingmachine.

Fur skins have two-types of hair or fur thereon. The principal pontion of. the. fur consists of relatively thin fine. and. soft hairs,.usually called the fine fur. Interspersedamong. them. are relatively' few coarse and long: hairs which. extend beyond the fur itself and which are normally termed wild hairs The latter do not add anything to the beauty. of the fur and. it has been customary in the art to. remove the same. prior to fabricating the skins into garments.

The methods heretofore used forthis purpose have been rather cnude and unsatisfactory. It was customary to. provide a beam which ordinarily was semi-cylindrical in shape. The skin was placed over the. beam and an operator worked over the same with a. double handled knife. This knife was pressed upon andpassed over the skin for the purpose of removing the wild hairs. There were numerous disadvantages: in a procedure of this kind. The work was difficult and'slow'so that the operator had to rest at frequent intervals, It was impossible for him to provide an even pressure on the fur at alltim'es, whereby the-removal of the wild hairs was not uniform or complete. Also because of uneven pressures, injury to the fur took placein that a considerable amount of the fine hair or fur was often removed.

The present invention is intended and adapted to overcome the difficulties and disadvantages of prior methods, it being among the objects of the present invention to provide a mechanical device which will be adapted to remove wild hairs uniformly and completely from fur skins.

It is also among the objects of the present invention to provide a simple construction which is sturdy and strong and which may be readily operated by even unskilled workers to give the effect of removal of wild hairs;

It is still further among the objects of the present invention to provide a device which is capable of completely removing the wild hairs without damage to the fur.

In practicing the present invention, there is provided a frame which has mounted in the lower part thereof a gripping roller adapted to guide and lead the hair into the device. Also mounted in the frame on an axis parallel to that of the gripping roller is a resilient r011 which makes contact with the roller. Means are provided whereby the pressure between the roll and roller may be adjusted depending upon the typeor character of fur being treated, the purpose being to have sufficientv pressure between said elements to firmly graspthe wild hairs.

There is also provided a fur guide on the lower face of the frame inproximity to said cooperating elements. The guide has a comb which extends over the opening in the lower end of the frame and. is adapted to allow the wild hairs to be drawn between theroll and roller but retains the skin on the guide and thereby prevents the fine fur from. being caught in the gripping roller. Rotation of the roll and roller are in such. a direction as. to draw the wild hairs into the space between them and the contact pressure thereof grips the hairs and by continued rotation thereof pulls said hairs from the skin. Means are providedv for adjusting the position of the guide depending upon the type of fur being treated so that none of the fine fur can be gripped by the contacting roll and roller. Thus all of the wild hairs may be removed'without the danger of removal of the fine fur.

In the accompanying drawings constituting a part hereof and in which like reference characters indicate like parts:

Fig. 1 is a top plan view of a device made in accordance with the present invention, some parts being shown in horizontal section and. other parts being removed for clearness;

Fig. 2 is a vertical cross-sectional View looking at the device from one of its sides, some parts being shown in elevation and other parts being shown somewhat diagrammatically;

Fig. 3 is a perspective view of the guide member and shows it detached from the remainder of the device;

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the gripping roller shown detached from the device; and

Fig. 5 is a perspective View of a modified form of guide shown detached from the device.

The device consists essentially of a frame made up of longitudinal members I and 2 at right angles to end members 3 secured thereto or formed integrally therewith. A shaft 4 is journaled between side members I- and 2 being mounted in bearings 5 in the lower part of the interior of the frame, and a gripping roller 6 is mounted there-' on. Qn an extension: of shaft 4 is gear 1 contained in gear box 8. It meshes with a worm 9 on shaft lil'mounted in bearings H in gear box 8.. A clamp l2 secured to the frame has a sheath l3 entering the same, said sheath having a dual function of acting as a handle for the operator and as a guard for a flexible shaft introduced into opening l4 thereof" and secured to shaft [0.

Sheath i3 is held in position by a bolt passing through an opening through the split holder l2. Diagonally opposite to the same on side member 2 is a handle [5 suitably secured in place. The device may be handled by the operator grasping sheath is and handle l5.

A yoke is also mounted in the frame, said yoke consisting of an upper horizontal member l6 and a pair of depending side members ll integral therewith, said yoke being an inverted U. A pair of pins l8 passing through sides I and 2 enter legs I! and provide means whereby the yoke may be pivotally moved about said pins. A shaft l9 has mounted thereon a resilient roll 20 of suitable material such as soft vulcanized rubber is held in the yoke by end bearings 2 I.

In the upper part of the yoke is bolted a threaded rod 22 having a coil spring 23 mounted thereon. Said rod passes through an Opening 24 in end 3 and a wing nut 25 is threaded on the extreme end thereof. By such an arrangement the roll 20 may be caused to press against roller 6 with any desired suitable pressure. This is of importance in providing the correct amount of friction to pull out the wild hairs of the particular fur being treated.

On the upper surface of the frame there is secured a cover plate 26 having a central opening therein. A tube 21 is mounted over said opening and constitutes a means whereby a flexible hose or other member may be attached thereto and thereby to a, source of vacuum. Said opening is preferably directly above the meeting faces of roller 6 and roll 20. This serves as a means for removing any hair which has been pulled from the skin, the current of air entering through the bottom of the box and being drawn past the roll and roller, carrying the loosened hair with it through cylindrical member 21. The gripping roller as shown in Fig. 4 is provided with a plurality of longitudinal teeth here shown as three in number. The upper surface of each of the teeth is relatively wide and is angularly placed with respect to the axis of shaft 4. The upper surface of each of the teeth is a portion of the surface of a cylinder so that such teeth surfaces will contact with the adjacent surfaces of roll 2%). A series of corrugations 29 are formed on the surfaces of each of the teeth whereby the wild hairs may be gripped against the resilient roll. The corrugations are relatively dull so as to avoid danger of cutting of the hair.

A brush 30 is held in block 3| on end 3. Said brush contacts resilient roll 20 over a relatively wide area 32 and along its entire length. This serves as a means for removing from said roll any hair which may have adhered to the resilient material. By loosening the same, it leaves the hairs free to float in the stream of air passing through the container.

Roller 6 and roll 20 contact along a relatively narrow area 33 with a space 34 below the same whereby the hair and fine fur may be allowed to enter the device. Line 33 is sufficiently above the bottom of the device so as to allow the hairs to be cut therein but not sufliciently close to cause the fine fur to reach to said line.

In order to prevent the skin itself from entering the device, there is provided a guard member which is more particularly shown in Fig. 3. It comprises essentially a plate 35 which is directly beneath roll 20 having a forward edge 36 which is approximately in the same vertical plane as line 33. Teeth 31' of a comb extend forwardly from plate 35 and directly below roller 6. A pair of parallel side members 38 have an end member 39 suitably pivoted in brackets 40 on the frame. Plate 35 is firmly secured to said side members. The opposite end of said members is secured to a horizontal bar 4! which in turn is secured to a member 42 of a hinge. The other member 43 extends upwardly and is provided with a slot 44. Pin 45 holds the two parts of the hinge together.

In an opening in end 3 is threaded a rod 46 which passes through slot 44 and is provided with a wing nut 41. The latter provides means for clamping hinge 43 in position. When it is dv" sired to change the location of plate 35, due to treatment of skins having hair and fur of varying lengths, nut 41 is loosened, bar 4! is moved upwardly or downwardly a suitable distance and then nut 41 is clamped in position.

In the operation of the device, a fur skin is placed on a flat surface and if desired clamped in position. The operator grasps handle i5 and sheath l3, placing the device upon the skin. The motor driving the flexible shaft is started, causing the roll and roller to rotate in the direction shown by the arrows in Fig. 2. The suction is placed on opening 21, causing a current of air to pass through. As the device is moved over the skin, the fine fur 49 and the wild hairs 50 are drawn into space 34 assisted by cover 31 in the vacuum. The hairs are caught along line 33 and by continued rotation of the roll and roller are pulled from the skin 48. The current of air draws such loose hairs out of the apparatus.

In the modification shown in Fig. 5, the guide consists of a series of parallel horizontal bars 5i having upstanding vertical members 52 and 53'- connected respectively to end member 39 and bar 4!. On brackets 54 is mounted a brush 55, the lower end 56 of which is adapted to contact with the fur. Similarly, on brackets 51 attached to bar 4! is a brush 58, the lower end 59 of which also contacts the fur to fluff it up.

The present invention has numerous and important advantages over prior procedure. It eliminates many operations which were lengthy and increased the cost of the plucking operation. For instance, in prior practice it was necessary to first soak the skins over night in order to soften the same, and then remove the water by a centrifuge. Then the skins were tumbled in a drum with sawdust to render the same flexible. After removal from the drum, the sawdust was cleaned off and the leather .was wetted with water so as to keep the pores open. Two skins were placed leather to leather and hung up so as to dry the hair thoroughly without drying the leather. Then chalk was brushed into the hair in order to take away the slipperiness thereof. After the treating operation, it was necessary to tumble the skins in a cage drum to remove excess chalk. All these processes are eliminated by the use of the device of the present invention. In addition, the operators of the prior art who removed the wild hairs by means of a beam knife operated under very diflicult conditions. Chalk always filled the room and hair loosened by the operation entered into the operators clothes, nose and throat. Such conditions were extremely unsanitary but no means of avoiding the same had been supplied up to the present invention, which eliminates such unsanitary working conditions.

The invention is susceptible of many modifications andchanges within the skill of the skilled gala-era artisan, all of which is contemplated by the present invention, which. is to be? broadly construed and; not to be limited except by the claims appended hereto. By the term flat horizontal fur guide it is intended to cover a; guide which has an under surface in a horizontal plane so as to hold a skin flat, the el'ements'ofsa'id guidehaving a substantial thickness or depth, as illustrated in Figs. 3 and 5.

I claim:

1. A fur skin treating machine comprising a frame, a gripping roller mounted in the lower part thereof, a resilient roll mounted'therein and making contact with said gripping roller, an 7 opening over substantially the entire lower end of said frame, a flat horizontal fur guide having a comb placed. over the opening in said lower end adapted to cause a fur skin to lie flat and to allow the hair to be drawn between said roll and roller but retaining the skin of said for on said guide, and means for rotating said roll and roller to draw said hair therebetween.

2. A fur skin treating machine comprising a frame, a gripping roller mounted in the lower part thereof, a. resilient roll mounted therein and making contact with said gripping roller, an opening over substantially theentire lower end of said frame, a flat horizontal fur guide having a comb placed over the opening in said lower end adapted to cause a fur skin to lie flat and to allow the hair to be drawn betweenisaid roll and roller but retaining the skin of said fur on said guide, handles on opposite sides of saidframe, and means for rotating said rolland roller to draw said hair therebetween.

3. A fur skin treating machine comprising a frame, a gripping roller mounted in the lower part thereof, a resilient roll mounted therein and making contact with said gripping roller, an

opening over substantially the. entire lower end of said frame, a flat horizontal fur guide having a comb placed over the opening in said lower end adapted to cause a fur skin to lie flat and to allow the hair to be drawn between said roll and roller but retaining the skin of said fur on said guide, a stationary horizontal brush contacting said roll on the side opposite said roller to remove hair from said roll, and means for rotating said roll and roller to draw said hair therebetween.

4. A fur skin treating machine comprising a frame, a gripping roller mounted in the lower part thereof, a yoke pivotally mounted in said frame and a resilient roll mounted therein and making contact with said gripping roller, an opening over substantially the entire lower end of said frame, a fiat horizontal fur guide having a comb placed over the opening in said lower end adapted to cause a fur skin to lie flat and to allow the hair to be drawn between said roll and roller but retaining the skin of said. fur on said guide, and means for rotating said roll and roller to draw said hair therebetween.

5. A fur skin treating machine comprising a frame, a gripping roller mounted in the lower part thereof, a yoke pivotally mounted in said frame having means for placing spring pressure thereon and a resilient roll mounted therein and making contact with said gripping roller, an opening over substantially the entire lower end of said frame, a flat horizontal fur guide having a comb placed over the opening in said lower end adapted to cause a fur skin to lie flat and to allow the hair to be drawn between said roll and roller but retaining the skin of said for on said guide,

and means for" rotating said roll and roller-todrawsa'id hair therebetween.

6. A fur skin treating machine comprising a frame, a gripping roller mounted in the lower part thereof, said roller having a plurality of longitudinal dull blades on the surface thereof", each blade beingspirally positioned and-having a plurality of parallel spiral groovestherein, a re-- sili'ent rollmounted therein and making contact with said gripping roller, an opening over sub-- stantially the entire lower end of said frame, afl'at horizontal fur guide having a comb placed over the opening in said lower end adapted to' cause a for skin to lie flat and to allow the hair to be drawn between said roll and roller but re taining theskin of said fur on said guide, and means for rotating said roll and roller to draw said hair therebetween.

'7. A fur skin treating machine comprising aframe, a gripping roller' mounted in the lower part thereof, said roller having a plurality of longitudinal dull blades on the surface thereof, each blade being spirally positioned and having a plurality of parallel spiral-grooves therein, said surfaces being relatively wide, a resilient roll in said lower end adapted to cause a for skin to lie flat and to allow the hair to be drawn between said. roll" and roller but retaining the skin of s aid'fur' on saidguide, and'mean's for rotating said roll and roller to draw said hair therebetween.

82 A fur skin treating machine comprising a" frame, a gripping roller mounted in the lower part thereof, a resilient roll mounted therein and making contact with said-gripping roller, a fur guide having a comb placed over the opening in said lower end adapted to allow the hair to be drawn between'said rolland roller but retaining the skin of said fur on said guide, and means for rotating said rollpand roller to draw said hair therebetween, said guide being pivoted on said frame at one end and being adjustably secured to said frame at the other end,

9. A fur skin treating machine comprising a frame, a gripping roller mounted in the lower part thereof, a resilient roll mounted therein and making contact with said gripping roller, a fur guide having a comb placed over the opening in said lower end adapted to allow the hair tobe drawn between said roll and roller but retaining the skin of said fur on said guide, and means for rotating said roll and roller to draw said hair therebetween, said guide including a plate positioned below said roll, the front edge of said plate being in the same vertical plane as the meeting line of said roller and roll.

10. A fur skin treating machine comprising a frame, a gripping roller mounted in the lower part thereof, a resilient roll mounted therein and making contact with said gripping roller, a fur guide having a comb placed over the opening in said lower end adapted to allow the hair to be drawn between said roll and roller but retaining the skin of said fur on said guide, and means for rotating said roll and roller to draw said hair therebetween, said guide including a plate positioned below said roll, the front edge of said plate being in the same vertical plane as the meeting line of said roller and roll, and a comb extending forwardly from said edge below said roller.

11. A fur skin treating machine comprising a frame, a gripping roller mounted in .thelower part thereof, a resilient roll mounted therein and making contact with said gripping roller, a fur guide having a comb placed over the opening in said lower end adapted to allow the hair to be drawn between said roll and roller but retaining the skin of said fur on said guide, and means for rotating said roll and roller to draw said hair therebetween, said guide including a plate positioned below said roll, the front edge of said plate being in the same vertical plane as the meeting line of said roller and roll, the distance between said plate and line being less than the length of the wild hair and greater than the length of the fine fur of said skin.

12. A fur skin treating machine comprising a box-like closed frame open at the bottom, a flat comb-guide across said opening, a gripping roller and a resilient roll in contact with each other journalled in the sides of said frame, the lower edges of said roller and roll being in alinement and close to said guide, a yoke inside of said frame on which said roll is mounted, said yoke being pivotally mounted between the sides of said frame and having means at the top thereof for placing adjustable spring pressure thereon, said roller having a, plurality of relatively wide blades, each of which has a plurality of spiral corrugations on the surface thereof, and means for rotating said roller and roll.

13. A fur skin treating machine comprising a box-like closed frame open at the bottom, a flat comb-guide across said opening, a gripping roller and a resilient roll in contact with each other journalled in the sides of said frame, the lower edges of said roller and roll being in alinement and close to said guide, a yoke inside of said frame on which said roll is mounted, said yoke being pivotally mounted between the sides of said frame and having means at the top thereof for placing adjustable spring pressure thereon, said roller having a plurality of relatively wide blades,

8 I each of which has a plurality of spiral corrugations on the surface thereof, an opening in the top of said frame immediately above said roller and roll adaptedto be connected to a source of suction, and a means for rotating said roller and roll.

14. A fur skin treating machine comprising a. box-like closed frame open at the bottom, a flat comb-guide across said opening, a gripping roller and a resilient roll in contact with each other journalled in the sides of said frame, the lower edges of said roller and roll being in alinement and close to said guide, a yoke inside of said frame on .which said roll is mounted, said yoke being pivotally mounted between the sides of said frame and having means at the top thereof for placing adjustable spring pressure thereon, said roller having a plurality of relatively wide blades, each of which has a plurality of spiral corrugations on the surface thereof, a set of horizontal brushes attached to one end of said frame, said brushes extending inwardly in horizontal alinement with said roller and roll and contacting with saild roll, and means for rotating said roller and rol LOUIS S. EISEN.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 566,343 Sackett Aug. 25, 1396 606,255 Taylor June 28, 1898 679,835 Donner Aug. 6, 1901 1,725,082 Horstmann Aug. 20, 1929 1,893,919 Wilson Jan. 10, 1933 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 391,249 France Aug. 24, 1908

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