US2515851A - High-speed drilling machine - Google Patents

Description

July 18, 1950 J. E. BEVINS ETAL HIGH-SPEED DRILLING MACHINE 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed April 19, 1948 v E W W IN VEN TORS L Mp 5 5 aw mm HH W y 1950 J. E. BEVINS ET AL 2,515,851

HIGHSPEED DRILLING MACHINE Filed April 19, l948 4 Sheets-Sheet 5 IN VEN TORS fiITOR/VEX y 18, 1950 J. E. BEVINS ETAL 2,515,351

HIGH-SPEED DRILLING MACHINE Filed April 19, 1948 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Wig I0 Patented July is, 1950 HIGH-SPEED DRILLING MACHINE James E. Bevins, Ramsey, and Charles I. Leigh, Westwood, N. J., assignors to Bendix Aviation Corporation, Te'terboro, N. 1]., a corporation of Delaware Application April 19, 1948, Serial No. 21,946

Claims.

This invention relates to drilling devices, and

of combinations, of advancing and retracting a drill between machine loading and drill initiating and/or drill completing positions, drilling by means backed by fluid pressure between drill initiating and drill completing positionsand returning the drill under fluid pressure to drill initiating and/or machine loading position.

Another object is to provide means for causing a drill to have outward and inward movement relative to a drill hole during its drilling operation for discharging drill chips, as distinguished from long curls of drilled out material,

which are prevented from formin by the invention.

Another object is to provide for selectively starting and stopping operation of a drill at predetermined positions on the path of movement of the drill in its drilling and withdrawing movements.

Another objectis to provide a drilling machine which is simple and durable in. construction, economical to manufacture and effective in its operation.

The above and other objects and features of the invention will appear more fully hereinafter from a consideration of the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings wherein two embodiments of the invention are illustrated by way of example.

In the drawings: I

Figure 1 is a side view, partially in section and partially in elevation, of a drilling machine embodying the invention, the parts being shown as located in the lowermost or drill-completing position of the machine.

Figure 2 is a front elevation of the structure of Figure 1, with the parts incorresponding positions;

Figure 3 is a diagram of parts of the structure of Figures 1 and 2, as located in the uppermost or loading position of the machine;

Figure 4 is a View of the parts oi Figure 3 as located at a drill initiating positionor position next below the position of Figure 3 close to a work object;

Figure 5 is a view of the parts as located at the drill-completing position of Figures 1 and 2;

Figure 6 is an enlarged detail plan view of a clutch control mechanism embodied in the invention;

Figure 7 is an elevation of the mechanism of Figure 6, (as viewed from the left of Figure 2, but with the parts in different position;

Figure 8 is a view of the device of Figs. 6 and 7, as viewed in the direction of Figure 2;

Figure 9 is a diagram of a fluid circuit assoelated with the device of the invention; and

Figure 10 is a diagrammatic development of a side view of a cam for embodiment in the device, featuring a modification of the invention.

Referring to the drawings:

A machine 10, Figures 1-5, comprises, in the upright position indicated, a rear standard support or base [2 including side straps or bars M, upper and lower forwardly extending brackets 20 and 22, respectively, a pair of laterally-spaced upright cylindrical elongated guides 2-4, omitted from Figures 3-5, extending between, and fixed to, the brackets 20 and 22 in a plane parallel to,

and forwardly of the base H.

the top bracket 20, as by nuts 28, and depending carried by the upper carriage 32.

from the bracket in a plane centered between the guides 24 at right angles thereto, each carrying a lower piston head 30, which, in this instance, is fixed to the rod.

An upper carriage 32has a pair of bearings 34 axially slidably mounting it on the guides 24 for movement between an upper position, as indicated in Figure 3, corresponding to the loading position or conditionof the machine for receiving a work object 36, and a lower drill or drilling-operation initiating position, indicated in Figure 4.

A pair of cylinders 38, for the pistons 36, are A third piston rod to, fixed to and depending from, the carriage 32, between the pistons 35], has an intermediate head 42, which,in this instance, is fixed to the rod. Each of the cylinders 38 has an upper inlet 31 and a lower inlet 39.

A carrier, or lower carriage or frame 44 has an upper pair of bearings 46 and a lower pair of bearings 48 axially slidably jounaled on the guides 24 for movement of the carrier 44, independently of the carriage 32, between a position corresponding to the drill initiating position of the machine of Fig. 4. and a position corresponding to the drill completing position of the machine parts indicated in Figs. 1, 2 and 5.

In the example given, the carrier 44 further comprises an upper bridge '50, between the bearings 46, and a driving means or motor 52 forming a lower bridge between the bearings 48, the bridges 50 and 52 being connected to each other by side bars 49.

A third cylinder 54, for the third piston 42, is carried by the upper bridge '50 of the lower carrier 44, and is provided, as indicated in Figures 3, 4 and 5, with an inlet 56, above the piston head 42, and with an adjustable orifice device or bleed 58 below the head 42 to provide dashpot effect so that a drill withdrawing step, occurring in the operation of the device from the position of Fig. 5 to a position cvorresponding to that of Fig. 4, will be taken without jarring effect, as will further appear. A cam follower arm or element 60 is fixed to, and extends radially from, the third piston rod 40 below the cylinder 54 and has a portion 62 for engagement with a cylindrical cam 64 rotatable, in this instance, about an axis in line with the axis of the rod 40, and having an upper-end cam surface 66 under the portion 62 of the follower 60.

The surface 66 is of helical form such that, when the cam is rotated clockwise, as viewed from the top and as indicated by an arrow in Figure 6, the follower 60, which is non-rotative, operates while backed by the fluid pressure in the cylinder 54, to cause the cylinder and the carrier 44 to be gradually lowered, to drill through the object 36 from the drill initiating position of Fig. 4 to the drill completing position of Figs. 1, 2 and 5. The cam surface 66 has a precipitate step 68, Figure 2, between its drill initiating portion I and its drill completing portion 12.

A clutch I4, having its axis in line with the axis of the cam 64, comprises an upper member I6 carrying the cam 64, and a lower member I8 having an upper ratchet face 80.

A pawl arm 82, Figures 1 and 8, carried by the upper clutch member I6 and pivoted thereto, as by a horizontal pivot pin 84, is provided with a depending portion 86 for engagement with the ratchet 80, and has an outer-end portion 88. A gear housing 90, on which the cam 64 and the clutch I4 are mounted, is provided thereunder with the driving means 52, in this instance, an electric motor, which has a shaft 94, Figure 1, adapted to carry mounting means 96 for a drill 98.

A gear train I00, in the hOllSil'lg 90, includes an input gear I02 on the motor shaft 94, and has a reduced-speed output gear I04 for driving the ratchet or lower clutch member I8.

Referring to Figures 1, 2, 6, '7 and 8, mechanism I05, for controlling the clutch I4, comprises a bell-crank lever I06, which, in this instance, is pivoted on a horizontal pin I08 in a standard III) on the member 9| of the structure 90, has an arm III carrying a dog II2 having a sloping surface I09 and adapted for movement about the pivot I08 radially into and out of the path of the portion 88 of the pawl 82 for causing the pawl portion 86 to connect the clutch members I6 and 18 to, and disconnect the same from, each other as will further appear.

Means I I4, in the form of a split ring, vertically adjustably mounted, as by a socket screw H in ears II! of the ring H4, on one of the guides 24, at the left in Figure 2, has a fixed or backing stop portion II6 for a stop lever H8. The latter is adapted, upon downward movement of the carrier 44, to be engaged by the other arm I20 of the bell crank I06 for causing the latter to move clockwise, as seen in Figures 2 and 8, to move the dog II2 from under the pawl portion 88. Upon upward movement of the carrier 44, the pawl arm I20, which is held against counterclockwise movement by a stop screw II9, passes the stop lever II8 by engaging and lifting it against the action of a sprin I22. The bell crank I06 is biased toward position engaging the screw H9 and holding the portion 86 declutched from the ratchet as by a spring I24.

The structure above set forth is adapted to be part of, and to cooperate with other parts of, a drill press, such as a bed I03, indicated diagrammatically in Figure 3.

Referring to Figure 9, fluid pressure is supplied through a line I26, and a flexible tube I21, directly to the cylinder 54, which is retained under pressure in this manner at all times during repeated. operations of the machine I0.

A valve I 28, by way of example only, comprises a housing I30 enclosing a plunger I32 having two valve members or pistons I34 and I 36 therein which in the off position indicated by dotted lines, close both of the inlets 31 and 39 of the cylinders 38 through flexible tube connectors I38 and I40, respectively. At the sides of the pistons I34 and I36 opposite the connectors I38 and I40, as shown, the housing has an inlet I42 between the pistons I34 and I36, an exhaust port I44 closed by the piston I34 and an open exhaust port I46 to be closed by the piston I36.

Means I48, including a handle lever I50 pivotally mounted, as on a fixed part I52, and pivotally connected to the plunger I32, is provided for operating the machine.

In operation:

With the parts positioned as indicated in full lines in Figures 3 and 9, both the carriage 32 and the carrier 44 are in uppermost position, which is the loading position, or position of placing the object 36 on the bed I03 to be drilled, and of removing it, after drilling, for the reception of another object.

With the parts so placed, the handle I50 is in lowered position, clockwise as shown, in which the pistons I34 and I36 have been moved upwardly, which admits fluid from the lines I26 and I42 through the valve housing 530, the tubes I38 and the top inlets 31 to the cylinders 38 above the pistons 30. The cylinders 38 are vented through the tube I40 and the exhaust port I46. Also, the cylinder 54 is under fluid pressure from the lines I26 and I2I through its top inlet 56 over the fixed piston 42, whereby the movable cylinder 54, and the carrier 44 to which the cylinder 54 is fixed, are both in uppermost position, as indicated in Figure 3.

The motor 52 is energized and the fluid pressure in the cylinder 54 is maintained above the stationary piston 42 continuously during repeated operations of the machine. The pressure in the cylinder 54 tends at all times to move the cylinder 54 upward, but, during the actual drilling, the cylinder 54 moves downwardly against the fluid pressure therein which renders the cylinder a low spring rate member for holding the cam 64 against the cam follower 60'.

To start the latter action, the handle I50 of Figure 9, is raised counterclockwise, whereupon the plunger I32 is lowered, and fluid from the line I26 and the inlet I42 traverses the housing I 30, the tube I40 and the inlet 39 to act against the stationary pistons 30 to lower the cylinders 38, the carriage 32, and the carrier 44 through Figure 4,

IIJB strikes the stop lever 8 which, since it is backed by'the fixed stop portion I I6, trips the bell crank IE6 clockwise about its pivot I08, against the action of the spring I24, to remove the dog [I2 from under the outer end portion 88 of the pawl arm 82. This action drops the pawl arm 82 about its pivot 84 whereupon the portion 85 engages the ratchet 8B for rotation of the cam 64 by the member I8, as driven by the motor 52. Since, at this stage, the piston 42 is held fixed in its position of Fig. 4, by the pressure in the cylinders 38, the ensuing rotation of the cam 64 by the motor 52 against the fixed follower 60 forces the cylinder 54, the carrier 44 and all parts on the latter, including the drill 98, downwardly against a yieldable pressure in the cylinder 54 to effect the drilling action, which is completed at the position indicated in Figure 5.

At the completion of the drilling action, during which the follower 50 may be said to have climbed the cam 64 from its low point II! to its high point I2, the follower, under the pressure in the cylinder 54, will jump precipitately off the high point 12, and down the step 68 to return the parts to the positions of Figure 4. The jump, although precipitate, will be eased or cushioned by the adjustment of the orifice 53 to retard the escape of air from the cylinder 54 as desired. The down step of the follower 50 is actually an up step of the cam 54 and of the carrier 44 and all the parts thereon, in the position of the machine illustrated, which, of course, may be portable and operated in other positions,

At or near the latter step, the lower portion 86 of the pawl 82 strikes, and rides upwardly on, the surface I69 to disconnect the cam 64 from the lower clutch member 18 and stop rotation of the drill 98 to have it stationary in its upper, or machine-loading, position.

With the drilling action thus completed, and

the parts having resumed the positions of Fi ure 4, the handle I50 of Figure '7 is again depressedto the position shown, to again introduce fluid pressure into the cylinders 38 above the pistons 30 and return the parts to the positions of Fig. 3 for unloading and loading.

As an example of speeds at which the press may be operated, the drill 98 having a diameter of one-quarter inch may be turned at 24,000

R. P. M. and caused to advance through a twoinch object 36 in three seconds.

As indicated in Figure 10, a cam I54, corresponding to the cam 64, has its cam surface I56 provided with one or more notch means I58 about its periphery whereby a cam follower I60, corresponding to the follower 80, after riding upwardly along riser portions IE2, drops successively into the notches I58.

The notches I58 are relatively smaller than the step 68 on the cam 64 but serve the same purpose of causing the carrier Ni and all the parts thereon, including the drill 98 to move upward a distance proportionate to the depth of said notches, at certain. intervals so as to automatically discharge drill chips during the drilling operation, and to prevent the formation of long curls by the drilled-out material.

The operation of the device may be clearly understood if it is noted, from the showing hereinbefore given, that the follower I60, in the movement of the cam I 54 from right to left in Figduring drilling, tending to depress the cam I54, against thefluid pressure in the cylinder 54.

-On each riser I62, the cam and drill descend, and, at each notch 558, the cam and drill rise for descentagain on the next subsequent riser, so that during a complete downward drilling action of the drill, it is automatically raised relative to the drill hole at each notch 558 and returnsto drilling position at each riser I52.

Although only two embodiments of the invention have been illustrated and described, various changes in the form and relative arrangements of the parts may be made to suit requirements.

What is claimed is:

l. A drilling machine including, in one position, a base having upper and lower brackets, laterally spaced guides fixed between the brackets, piston means including a pair of rods fixed to and depending from the upper bracket having fixed piston heads, a carriage movable on the guides between machine loading and drill-initiating positions, cylinders for the heads fixed to the carriage and having inlets above and below the heads, a piston rod fixed to and depending from the carriage and having a fixed intermediate head, a carrier below the third rod movable on the guides relative to the carriage between drillinitiating and drill completing positions, a cylinder for the third head fixed to the carrier and having an inlet above its head, a cam follower fixed tothe third rod'below its cylinder, a cam below the third rod having a cam Surface under and rotatable against the follower for lowering the carrier relative to the carriage from drillinitiating to completing position and precipitately stepping the follower back to initiating position, a horizontally pivoted pawl carried with the cam, a clutch below the pawl having an upper ratchet face, a support for the cam and the clutch thereunder, a motor on the carrier below the support and having a shaft adapted to operate a lowermachine-end drill, a gear train on the support to be driven by the motor for driving the ratchet at reduced speed, a bell crank lever horizontally pivoted on the support at right angles to the pawl having a dog on one arm movable into and out of the pawl path for causing the pawl to connect the cam to and disconnect the same from the ratchet face, and means on and adjustable along one of said guides including "a fixed stop and a lever stop backed by the fixed stop for engaging the other crank arm to cause the crank to remove the dog from under the pawl to initiate drilling piston means including means fixed to and de-- pending from the upper bracket having fixed piston head means, a carriage for guiding b the guide means between machine-loading and drillinitiating positions, cylinder means for the piston means fixed to the carriage and having inlet means above and below the head means, a piston rod fixed to and depending from the carriage and having a fixed intermediate head, a carrier below the rod movable on the guide means relative to the carriage between drill-initiating and drill- 7 completing positions, a cylinder for said intermediate head fixed to the carrier and havin an inlet above its head, a cam follower fixed to said rod below its cylinder, a cam below said rod having a surface under the follower rotatable thereagainst for lowering the carrier relative to the carriage from drill initiating to completing position and causing the follower to step back to initiating position, a pawl carried with the cam, a clutch having a ratchet, a support for the cam and the clutch, a motor on the carrier having a shaft adapted to operate a lower-machine-end drill, a gear train on the support to be driven by the motor and to drive the ratchet, a lever on the support having a dog movable into and out of the path of the pawl for causing the pawl to connect the cam to, and disconnect the same from the ratchet, and means on the guide means including a lever stop for engaging the crank to remove the dog from the pawl to initiate drilling upon downward movement of the carrier and to provide for movement of the stop b and out of the path of the crank upon upward movement of the carrier after drilling is completed.

3. In a drilling machine, the combination of a base including, in one position, guide means, piston means including rod means fixed to and depending from the base and head means fixed to the rod means, a carriage adapted for guiding by the guide means between loading and drill initiating positions, cylinder means fixed to the carriage and having inlet means at opposite sides of the head means, a piston rod fixed to and depending from the carriage and having a fixed intermediate head, a carrier movable on the guide means relative to the carriage between drill initiating nd drill-completing positions, a cylinder carried by said carrier for, and having inlet means above, said head, a cam follower fixed to said rod below its cylinder, a cam below the rod rotatable about an upright axis and acting against the follower for lowering the carrier relative to the carriage from drill initiating to completing position and causing the follower to return to initiating position, a pawl element movable with the cam, a clutch member, a support for the cam and the clutch, a motor adapted to operate a drill, a gear train on the support to be driven by the motor to drive the clutch member, means on the support movable to cause the pawl to respectively connect the cam to, and disconnect the same from the clutch member, and means supported by the base responsive to downward movement of the carrier for engaging the pawl to the clutch member to initiate and sustain drilling and responsive to upward movement of the carrier upon completion of the drill for disengaging the pawl from the clutch member.

In a. drilling machine, the combination of a base, piston means including, in one position of the support, rod means mounted on and depending from the base, and head means on the rod means; a carriage for movement between positions corresponding to a position for locating a work object to be drilled and a drill initiating position; cylinder means carried by the carriage and providing for fluid pressure at opposite sides of the head means; a piston rod carried by and depending from the carriage and carrying an intermediate head, a carrier movable relative to the '8 carriage between drill-initiating and drill-completing positions; a plurality of means carried by the carrier including a cylinder for, and having inlet means above, said head, means including a cam rotatable about an upright axis and cooperating with the rod for lowering the carrier relative to the carriage from drill initiating to completing position, a clutch element movable with the cam, a clutch member, a motor adapted to operate a drill, a gear train to be driven by the motor and to drive the clutch member, and clutch-actuating means movable to cause the clutch element to connect the cam to and disconnect the same from the clutch member; and means responsive to downward movement of the carrier for engaging the clutch element to the clutch member adjacent to said initiating position and responsive to upward movement of the 7 carrier for disengaging the element from the member adjacent to the latter position.

5. In a drilling machine, the combination of a base, piston means including, in one position of the support, rod means mounted on and depending irom the base, and head means on the rod means; a carriage for movement between positions corresponding to a position for locating a work object to be drilled and a drill initiating position; cylinder means carried by the carriage and providing for fluid pressure at opposite sides of the head means; a piston rod carried by and depending from the carriage and carrying an intermediate head, a carrier movable relative to the carriage between drill-initiating and drill-completing positions; a plurality of means carried by the carrier including a cylinder for, and having inlet means above, said head, means including a cam rotatable about an upright axis and cooperating with the rod for selectively starting and stopping operation of the drill at predetermined positions on the path of movement of the drill in its drilling and withdrawing movements, a clutch element movable with the cam, a clutch member, a motor adapted to operate a drill. a gear train to be driven by the motor and to drive the clutch member, and clutch-actuating means movable to cause the clutch element to connect the cam to and disconnect the same from the clutch member; and means responsive to downward movement of the carrier for engaging the clutch element to the clutch member adjacent to said initiating position and responsive to upward movement of the carrier for disengaging the element from the member adjacent to the latter position.

JAMES E. BEVINS. CHARLES P. LEIGH.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,018,553 Hallenbeck Oct. 22, 1935 2,146,774 Snader Feb. 14, 1939 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 55,472 Germany Feb. 28, 1891

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