US2493882A - Door latch structure - Google Patents

Description

F- M. LAMBERT DOOR LATCH STRUCTURE Jan. 10, 1950 s She efs-Sheet 1 Filed' Dec. 4, 1.946

FRI/V05 MAJ/15471 7;

Jan. 10, 1950 F. M. LAMBERT DOOR LATCH STRUCTURE 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed Dec. 4, 1946 Patented Jan. 10, 1950 UNITED} STATES; 2;493;8s2 V DOOR LATCH STRUCTURE I Heintz Manufacturing Company;- Philadelphia, Pa.,1a corporation otP onnsylvania 1 In Great Britain December'5', 1945.

4- Claims. (01. 292-42 This invention relates to door structures and;

more particularly to dogging means for such structures. The arrangement of parts to be: de-1 scribed is particularly applicable to ship-board:

use but, of course, may be applied. to. other types of" doors.

In door-dogging arrangements as disclosed. by the prior art, thedogs' and the inter-connecting linkage by which the dogs areoperated from a" single point on the' door: are: generally mounted; on-the door itself. This type: of arrangement has the disadvantage that the dogging mechanism which extends a; substantial distance. on one: or bothsides of the door'surfaceliesgto. some: extent, in the passagewayin; whichthe; door: is positioned and extends past the inner edge otthe door frame so as to obstructsomewhat' movement through the passageway. Another: disadvantage of the door-carried. mechanisms is. that a person. desiring to close the door from. the insiderwill' haveto reach through the opening in the doorframe to grasp the operating: handle or other:

element for pulling the: door: shut.

Another common'disadvantage of prior art:-

door dogging structures is that there is no pro vision for maintainingithe dogs in: their undogge'd v advantagesof the prior art and providing inaddiztion other advantages I have provided the structure to be described hereinbelow;

It. is. an object of. the invention toprovide a.

dogging construction for doors in which all of the. movable parts of: the dog. operating: mechanism are: mounted on" the door frame. and are operable from a single point. The: construction provided has the further advantage that when. the mechanism is in the. undogged position: all of the partsthereoi: are cl'earof the doorway and hence can in no way obstruct passage therethrough.

It is" anotherobject of the invention to provide a dogging construction which dogs the door ata plurality of spaced positions about the periph ery of the door;and which is operable from either side of the door, v Y

2 I Still. another obj eat of the invention: is to pro vide a simple arrangement for'retaining the dogs; intheirundogged positions clear of the doorway aslong'as'the do'or'islopen. I

These and other objects of the invention will be apparent from the following'speeification andtheaccompanying drawings; inwhich:

Figure .I is a front elevation taken fromthe outside of a door andframe in a preferred embodiment of theinventiorr with the dogs in their dogged positions; 7 1

Figure 2 is a view similar to F-igure '1 but with the dogs in their undogged positions? Figure 3 is aview similar to" Figure 1' but taken from the inside of the door;

Figure 4 is aview sfmilarto Figureabut taken from the inside'of the-door:

Figure 5 lea detail front efevatibnal view of one of the dogs shown} in Figures 1 and 2 and showing the manner of cooperation of the dog:

In the preferred embodiment of the invention shown in the-drawings the -novel structure is shown as reduced to practice for use with ships doors of the water tight type; 5

In: the: drawings thereis shown a bulkhead H1 in which is mounted by welding or other appropriate means: a door frame fl having a central doorway oropeningwhich-is adapted to be closed by adoor'l2'.

. Door lz'has aniouter hand grip l3-and an inner hand grip t4; and on its inner side has a p'l urality of horizontally:"extendingbracing members 1T5 which terminate at theirendsi at a flange H; which extemis-a short;distancefrom the inner surface of thedborin a direction perpendicular to the plane ofthe do'or about the entire peripheryof the: door. The main-flat; portion of door 1-2 when viewed from-the: front: is slightly larger than-the opening the: doorframe a'nda gasket t1 is provided. ab0ut'--the entire periphery of the door on its inner side for coopei'ation with an" outwardlyextendihg portion F8 of the "door' frameso as to provide a water-tight sealwhen the door" At a plurality of spaced po'intsfiabout the pe-- to raised portions 2|.

be urged more tightly shut, and the tighter willv be the seal about the outer edge of the door.

Each dog 22 comprises a roller 23 (Figure 6) rotatably mounted on an arm 24 extending radially from a hub 25. Hub 25 is keyed to a spindle 26 journalled in a suitable watertight manner within a cylinder 21:.extending on both sides of the door frame H and weldedthereto. An arm 28 of the dog operating linkage is welded to the inner end of spindle 26 and abuts against 1 Hub 25 abuts the inner end of cylinder 21'. against the outer end of cylinder 21 andis retained thereon by a nut 29 which is positioned on a threaded outerend portion'all of thespindle 26.;fsuitable means are providedforassuring,

that nut 29 doesnot become unscrewed, as for instance, the extremeend portion 38 of spindle,

26 may 'be:pr0vided with one or more diametrically disposed slots.

By rotary movementof arm 28 about the axis of; spindle 26, it willbe apparent that spindle 26 is rotated and arm 24 carrying dog roller 23 will rotate therewith about the axis of spindle 26. The type of movement of which arm 24 partakes is shown in Figure and will also be apparent from a study of Figures 1 and 2.

From Figures -1 and ,2 it will be apparentthat eight dogs are used witheach door inthe pres ferred embodiment described herein. The door is rectangular in shape. with rounded corners, and four, of ,the dogs-are located on thedoorframe adjacent eachrounded cornea; Other dogs are,

located on the left andright sides, as viewed in Figures 1 and 2, of the door frame approximately one-third of the way up fromthe bottom of, the

door and approximately one-third 1of, the. way.

down ,from the-topofthe door. a

Referring now to Figures 3 and 4.it will be seen that the dogsare arranged to be operated by either of two operating handles 33 and 34 located on the inside and outside of thedoor, re-,

spectively.,; Handles ;33 :and 34 are attached to the same spindle 35 journalled in the door frame in a suitable water-tight mannerso that rotation of either of thehandles 33,34 will operate the.

linkage mechanism attached to handle 33.

Handle 33 isprovided near its point of attachment to spin dle;35 with a short arm 36 to which is pivoted at 31 a short downwardly extendinglink bar 38. Link 38 is pivoted at its lower end to a bar 39which is substantiallylonger. than the distance between the two centrally positioned dogs carried by the vertically extending portions of the .doorframe. ;;The point ofpivotal attach-1 4 bar 39 at a point spaced a short distance below the upper end of bar 39. A pivot 46 at the extreme upper end of bar 39 provides a point of attachment to the lower end of a link 47 which extends upwardly for pivotal attachment at 48 to one end of the cross arm 49 of the T-shaped arm 28a which is fixed-to the spindle 26 of the upper left hand corner dog as viewed in Figure 3. The other end of cross arm 49 of member 28a is pivotally connected -at 50 to a horizontal linkage member 51 which extends across the upper portion of the door frame to the right hand side of the frame where it is, pivoted at 52 to one end of the cross arm 53 of a T-shaped member 28b which operates the upper right hand corner dog as viewed in Figure 3 The other end of cross arm 53 of T-shaped member 28b is connected at 54 to the upper end of a link 55 which is similar to link 41. Link 55 is pivoted at 56 to the upper end of a central vertical link member 5'! which operates the arm 28 of the upper central right hand dog by pivotal: attachment at 58 to the free end of the 1astmen-.-. tioned arm' 28 ata point near the upper end'of. link5l. A similarly positioned pivotal connec tion 59 near the lower end of link 51 operates-the arm 28 of .the lower. central right-hand dog. Finally, the-link 51 is pivoted atits lower end at, 66. to a linkage member 61 similar, to member 43, the link 6| being pivoted at its lower end at 62 to; the arm 28 which operates the lower right hand corner dog. a

'It will be noted that certain of the arms 28, 28a, 28b point'inwardly toward the opening in the door frame while others'point'outwardly, the

. arrangement shown being highly efficient in ac-- complishing' the-desired results. U ,7 As shown in Figure. 4, when operating handle- 33 is in the vertical position link 38 and, link'39; are parallel and are. positioned at the extreme, of their upward .movementso that the afore-; described linkage mechanism moves the dogs to the positions shown in Figure 2 in which all of the dogs are swung clear of :the door, and permit swinging of the door on hinges 63 to an' open po-. sition. While manytypes of hinges may be used with the invention-described herein, the hinges 63 shown in the drawings are similar to the one described in'and claimedinmy co-pending application, Serial No. 614,841, filed September '7, 1945,& now Patent No. 2,482,983 dated September 27;- 1949, and such hinges are particularly conven-- ient for use with this type of door construction,

ment of the lower end of link 38 to bar 39 is'atw 40, a short distanceeabove the lower. end of bar 39. Operatingarm28 of-thedoglocated imme diately below spindle 3,5,: is attached at one of its ends to its spindle 26and at its other end is piv-x. oted to bar 39 at a point 4| located between pivot point 48 and the lower end of bar 39. .At its eX-E treme lower end, bar 39 1s pivoted at 42 to a somewhat shorter link bar 43 which is pivoted at its:

lower end 44 to the operating arm 28 of the lower left-hand dog as viewed from: the inside'of the door. .7

The arm 28 of the dog immediately'above'spim dle 35 is pivotally attached at its free end to the It will be noted by referring to Figure 4 that: when the dogs are in their undog'ged positions; the entire linkage arrangement is positioned outside of the confines of the doorway opening through. the door frame vll so that there is no: obstruction of the passageway.

When it is desired to dog the door shut, either; operating handle 33 or 34islmoved fromthe vertical position ina direction toward the opposite. side of the door frame causing link 38' to. move: link 39 downwardly and thereby to move the parts: of the linkage on the handle side of ;the"doorframe downwardly'and the parts on the other side: of the door frame upwardly so as to rotate the: dogs to dogging positions asshown in Figure 1. In their dogged positions, the rollers 23 of the idogs are in contact with the surfaces of cams I 9.

and continued downward movement of operating handle 33 or 34 causesthe dog rollers 23' to move; to, higher portions of; the cams l9, causing the, door to be urged more tightly against the edge of, portion 18 of the frame ll.

greases 33 and 34 and the dogs 22 to thusblbckthepas sageway through. the'd'oor" frame; I have provided means for preventing such movement of the doggandlink mechanism as long as the door open. 'This arrangement is represented generally by the numeral 65" and as shown in'idetail figures -through 7 comprises a piece of sheet metal 65 welded totlre front surface of the door'so' as to be disposed. horizontal-Randi to extend Well beyond the edge of the door to. which the hinges 63 are. attached. Sheet" metal" member 66 is; p'o' sition'ed close to one of' the dog's mounted on the hinge carrying side of the door but a suflicient distance below the dog to permit the dog to swing to its undogged position without the end of the roller carrying arm 24 contacting the piece 66.

Member 66 is provided with an upwardly extendin flange or wall 61 which extends about the .edge of sheet metal member 66 from a point near the forward edge of member 66 remote from the edge of the door around the rear edge of member 66 (the right edge as viewed in Figure 7) to a point where flange 61 contacts the edge of the door. Flange 67 extends upwardly a sufficient distance to extend into the arc of movement of the cooperating dog roller 23 when the door is in its open position as shown in Figure 7 and as shown in Figure 6 in dotted lines.

When the door is in its closed position the unfianged portion of member 66 lies below the arc of movement of the dog so that the dog can be swung from its downwardly extending undogged position to the dogged position as shown'in solid lines in Figure 5. The dog can also be swung back to its undogged position without any interference from member 65.

However, when the door is swung from its closed position, flange 61 blocks movement of the dog to its dogged position, and due to the fact that the single dog which cooperates with member 65 cannot move to its dogged position, the remaining dogs are also prevented from so moving because of their linkage connection with the particular dog which cooperates with member 65.

' In this way it is assured that as long as door I2 is in an open position, the operating handles 33 and 34 cannot be moved into a passage-obstructin position. As pointed out previously herein, the delay which would be entailed in moving the obstructing parts out of the open passageway in case of emergency might spell the difference between life and death on ship-board so that the retention of the dogs in the undogged position when the door is not closed is highly important.

I wish it to be understood that I have shown and described only a preferred embodiment oi the invention in accordance with the patent statutes and I ,fully realize that the invention is susceptible of numerous modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The invention is not to be limited to the preferred embodiment but is intended to cover all modifications of the invention falling within the scope of the appended claims.

I claim:

1. In a door construction having a door hinged to a door frame, the combination of a plurality of dogs mounted on said frame for movement between dogging positions in they retain the door. irrclosed position and; undoggiiig p'osi tions in theydiecompletely clean of'the' doorway I and door;.-alinkage mechanism: inter connectingall of said dog's for operation. from a single point, and detent means cooperating wi one of said dogstd retain saidd'og' and: thereby all of said dog-sin their undogged positions; clear or saidldoori and; doorway when saidldo'or is; other than its closed position,. saidlast: named! means includingazmember carmied by the hinged edge of the: door: in proximitytoone: of. saididiogs and 'ha'vingiiiaz walk.- extending along. a' portion: thereof, said member? being: so constructedl that? said wall lies out of the path of movement of saidiIlasti-mentionecEdogtwhen said door is shut thereby permitting free movement of the dog and thereby all of the dogs to and from their dogged positions, and said wall obstructs movement of said dog and thereby all of the dogs from their undogged positions when said door is in other than its closed position.

2. In a door construction in which a door is hinged for swinging movement to a door frame, the combination of a plurality of dogs mounted in spaced positions on said doorframe for movement between dogged and undogged positions, a linkage system interconnecting said dogs to cause all of the dogs to move to and from said positions together, and a retainer member attached to and projecting beyond the hinged edge of the door for swinging movement therewith, said retainer comprising a fiat element disposed in a plane substantially perpendicular to the pivot axis of the door, and a wall attached to said flat element and extending along a portion thereof and out of the plane of said element,

, said wall extending partly about one of the dogs when the dog is in undogged position but out of path of movement of said do when said door is closed permitting movement of said dog to and irom said dogged and undogged positions, said flat element and wall being moved upon opening of said door to a position in which said wall obstructs movement of said dog and thereby all of said dogs to their dogged positions until said door is again closed.

3. In a door construction in which a door is hinged to a door frame for swinging movement, the combination of at least one dog mounted on the door frame and pivotable between a dogged position and an undogged position, an operating member for moving said dog between said positions, linkage means operably connecting said member and said dog, and detent means carried by the door and cooperating with said dog, said detent means having an inoperative position in which it permits free movement of said dog between said dogged and undog-ged positions and an operative position in which it re tains said dog against movement from its undogged position, said detent means bein in said inoperative position when said door is closed,

and being in said operative position when said door is in other than its closed position.

4. A device for use with a closure arrangement including frame means, closure means cooperatin with said frame means and pivotably which it overlaps theclosuremeans to hold said means in closed position, and a non-doggingvpm isitionin which it lies clear. ofthe closure means;

comprising a member mountable ion the closure means in proximity to said dog, said member having a, wall extending alongraportion thereof, said member being mountable so that said wail liesout of the path of movement of said'dog. when saidr closuremeans is in closed position and lies in the path of movement .of the dog when the elosuremeans is in other thanits' closed position, thereby preventing movement of the dog from its non-dogging position except whenthe closure is in closed position. V

FRAficIs M. LAMBERT. v

REFEEENQES CITED The following references are, 013 record in the file 0f patenlt zy Great Britain July 23, 1966

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