US2492840A - Hammer - Google Patents

Description

K. C. BUGG Dec. 27, 1949 HAMMER ZSheetS-Sheet l y Filed April 19, 1945 INVENTOR.

9 M C W K. C. BUGG HAMMER Filed April 19, 1945 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 0 T.. m E www w. C W .9 .Sw m Y /M B @www QQ. 9. ,mw @QQ @996% @N NQ @w sw NN www @Qm S @QN 1\|\ I u WVINWWW Il H4 Trv H 1 www www w .MM s@ 913.4? w Kw QQ. @QN QN NQ QKN QQ m @www Smu w94 QN 9N Patented Dec. 27, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE HAMMER Kenly C. Bugg, Fort Wayne, Ind.

Application April 19, 1945, Serial No. 589,159

4 Claims. 1

This invention pertains to percussion tools and, more particularly, to power actuated hammers.

An object of the invention is to provide a power driven hammer utilizing a spring as energizing means, which is loaded and released in a predetermined cycle to cause a blow to be delivered.

Another object of the invention is to provide a power driven hammer wherein substantially no blow is delivered against the operator.

Another object of the invention is to provide a power driven hammer wherein a shaft is rotated and reciprocated by actuating and power storing means which rotate with the shaft to greatly reduce the friction in the device whereby heat and wear is greatly reduced.

Another object is to provide a percussion tool wherein the operating members thereof may be assembled readily from one end of the tool and thereafter positively held in working relation, one with respect to the other, by a single member completing the casing assembly, which member is readily and quickly secured to the casing.

Another object is to provide a percussion tool wherein a cam is provided as actuating meansk for storing energy for delivering blows, wherein the cam is integral with the operating shaft and hammer and anvil.

Another object is to provide a power driven tool wherein there is a substantially constant delivery of force and wherein rotary power means drives the device to deliver a reciprocating movement.

Another object is to provide a tool wherein the blows are only had in a delivery direction, thus reducing shock to the operator, and permitting the use of a lighter tool as recoil anisrn is eliminated.

Another object is to provide a percussiontool which has mechanism adaptable for a large range of sizes, as where an engraving or dentists tool is used,or where the use is for masonry, caulking, riveting, etc. Y

, Another object is to provide a percussion tool wherein the actuating means includes a cam and ball, the cam being so constructed and arranged that the ball follows the cam. p

With these and various other objects in view, the invention may consist of certain novel features of construction and operation as will be more fullyr described and particularly pointed out in the specification, drawings and claims appended hereto.

In the drawings, which illustrate embodiments mechg of the device and wherein like reference characters are used to designate like parts- Figure 1 is a fragmentary, sectional elevation. of one form of percussion tool embodying the,

invention;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary, sectional elevation. of a modied form of percussion tool embodying Figure 4 is a longitudinal sectional elevation of the sleeve illustrated in Figure 3, the same.v

being'taken substantially in the plane as indicated by the line 4-4 of Figure 3;

Figure 5 is a top plan view of a modied form of sleeve adapted for use with the tool illustrated in Figure 2; and

Figure 6 is a sectional elevation taken substani' tially in the plane as indicated by the line 6-6 of Figure 5.

Referring rst of all, more particularly, to the form of tool illustrated in Figure 1, the tool comprises operating means such as indicated by the motor casing 20 which houses a motor adapted to be operated by the usual trigger and is provided With the conventional gripl (not shown)..

It is, of course, understood that the operating means may be remote from the tool, in which case the tool is driven by a iiexible shaft. This driving means, obviously may be used with the form of construction illustrated in Figure 2.

The motor casing is provided with the flange 22 externally threaded as at 24 for the reception of complementary threads of the nut or retain- A ing sleeve 26, the nut 26 being provided with the spaced resilient means or packing 21 and 28 dis--4 4posed between vthe nut and the sleeve 30, the vsleeve 30 having a radial flange 32 thereon disposed between the packing, the packing 28 beingy retained by the end ange 34 of the nut. The packing 21 is disposed between the iiange .32

and the end of the threaded ange 22 of thel motor casing 20.

The ilange 22 is also internally threaded as at 36 for the reception of a retaining ring 38 which is adapted to retain the antifriction bearings 4l] of the motor drive shaft 42. The motor drive shaft 42 is threadably connected as at 4A to the coupling member or block 46 which is adaptedv to be rotated by the shaft 4.2 and is provided with the slot or female coupling portion 48.

The sleeve 30 is threaded as at 50 for the complementary threads on the rear end of the casing 52, a limiting shoulder 54 being provided on the casing 52 engaging the end of the sleeve 30. The forward end of the casing 52 is threaded as at 56 for the reception of complementary threads on the nose 58, said nose being provided with the limiting shoulder 80 adapted to engage the end of casing 52. The nose is provided with the axial tool end passage 62 through which an end of a work tool is adapted to be extended, the passage 62 communicating with an enlarged axial passage or recess E4, exhaust passages 56 extending through the nose to the enlarged recess 64. A bearing 68 is disposed in the recess 54 and receives the striking anvil portion of the shaft 12, the bearing being conveniently secured as by the ange 14 interlocking in subrecess T8.

The shaft 'l2 is provided with the male coupling member 18 slidably received in the slot 48 whereby reciprocation of the shaft is permitted withrespect to the coupling member 46 but rotation therebetween. is` prevented. The.Y shaft'V '12.has a portion`80 slidably mounted in the sleeve82 which is xedlymountedto the coupling member 46.and is provided with the springseat84 for the spring 86. 'The other` end of the spring 8G seats onthe seat .88 vof the hammer member 90, thehammer member 'being substantially cylindrical and adapted to rotate and reciprocate in thecasing'52.

The hammer member Sisprovidedwiththe camt82 said cam ,being provided withthe startingportion. or entrance.' 94, the` helical` orjsloping portion 96 terminating at the exitor crest, said .crest beingconnected by the precipice |`00.to the entranceportion.' The precipice is preferably ina'plane Whichis axially disposed and is of,A

rection;ofthe.arrow shown in 'Figure 1, causes..

relative movement' betweenthe cami92 andthe ballfl`02. `,Rotation. of the cam.' thus has the effect of causingthe ball`to move,fcr example,"from thestarting point ;|-)4.to'.the exit 98. 'The ball |021rnoving .overthe race |04, which is normal tothe axis of theshaft, causes compressionof the spring 86 and when'the ball falls `down the preci-Y pice'tofthe startinggpoint the anvil' "0 is moved quickly by thespringto engage the tool end which has' been; protrudedV .through the, passage '82 Ainto,

recess 64. Thus a blowis directed to'the tool end. The `ball|02, being of less diameter'than thefdepth oflthe precipice, does noi-,.Ztake. any blow.

Referring now to the modification 'illustrated being retained by ange |20 and the end of the flange |08.

The ange |08 is also internally threaded as at |24 for the reception of the retaining ring |26 which is adapted to retain the antifriction bearings |28 of the motor drive shaft |30. The motor drive shaft is threadably connected as at |32 to the coupling member or block |34 which is adapted to be rotated with the shaft and is Drovided` with` a slot or female coupling portion |36.

The sleeve ||8 is threaded as at |38 for the reception of complementary threads on the rear `-:.end of the casing |40, a limiting shoulder or ...wall |42 being provided on the casing |40 engagin'liigure. 2, the tool lcomprises operating means ||8'1s provided with the radial flange |20 'dis' posed between the, packing members, the packing ||6 being-retained' by theV endliarlge |22 ofthe nut ||2 `and the flange |20, andthe packingY |4.

' ball L96.

ing the end of the sleeve H8 and providing a springgseair'.antifriction bearing seat, or thrust shoulder, the wall |42 being provided with the shaft bearing |44. The forward end of the casing-|i is; threaded as at Uli:` for the reception of complementary threads on the nose |48, said nose being providedwith the limiting shoulder adapted to engagetheend of. thecasing |40. The

nose'is provided with the axial tool end passage- |52 thronghwhichan endv of a work toolis adapted to be extended. "Thepassage |52 -communicates with an enlarged axial passage or recess |54, exhaust passages |55 extending through the.

noseto'the enlarged recess |54. 'A .bearing |58 is Vdisposed in the recess |54 and receives 'the bearing'endor anvil portion |60 ofi the shaft.|.62, the bearing being conveniently secured as by the flange 64 Vinterlocking-in subrecess 66.

'Theshaft'lSZ' is provided with thev male Vcousleeve lrdisposed between .the 4harnmermember andthe casing. .Thesleeve is free to rotatefwithin :the-:casing but is restrained from longitudinal-movement'fatfone end by theishoulder |82on' the casing |40 and on the otherendibyztheball `l.race i|84 provided..on,the nose |55 :and-bearing 58,'tlieA race 84 t being.- in a plane-.normal to the "ing..portion .I .8D-terminatingv at the exit ,or Vcrest |82,.,s1aid. crest..being connected-by thefpleci-pice y |94 to the entranceportion. The precipice preferably is in la plane which is axially-disposed and is fof. greaterlengththan .thediameterlof .the

also move over the race |84l and. inthe construcf tion shown, the cam is so shaped -as to provide `an arcuateportion lilwhich partially embraces Vthe ball, preventingth'e ball from 'beingA projected diagonally fromtheprecipice and also givesfmore than a point contact between thehammerand ball. The sleeve |30 and `race |.84may. also be made arcuate if so desired.

In orderto further insure the ball following Sleeve-204 (Figures.-and)` maybe used such An antifriction. member such as 'the ball lisradapted to` move over thecam Land the cam` and precipicethe sleeve. (ligures4 3 and., fi) l is v'provided with. .the arcuatel notched portion'f; 200 which may locally slot'the sleeve as,at,202.

as shown in' Patent No. 2,323,375, Kenly C. Bugg, gnanted July 6, 1943, which sleeve is provided with a longitudinal arcuate slot 206 disposed for the length of the sleeve but not slotting the wall.

In operation of this hammer, rotation of the motor shaft causes rotation of the shaft |62 in the direction of the arrow whereby, in effect, the 'ball and cam move relatively to each other runtil the -ball falls down the aprecipice. During this cycle, the sleeve moves with the ball with a rotary movement around the Iaxis of the shaft, and the spring |14 is compressed and suddenly released when the ball falls down the precipice, thereby permitting the :anvil |60 to deliver a blow to the tool end which protrudes into the recess |54.

Itis, of course, understood that no sleeve may be used in the construction shown in Figure 2, though the yoperation is more positive with the sleeve, and also a sleeve may be used in the construction shown in Figure 1, and also the clam of the construction sh-own in Figure 1 may be formed with an arcuate portion as shown in Figure 2.

It is to be understood that this vapplication is not to be limited by the exact embodiments Aof the device shown, which are merely by way yof i1- lustration and not limitation yas various and other forms of the device will, of course, be apparent tothose skilled in the art without departing from the-spirit of the invention or the scope of the claims.

I claim:

1. In a percussion tool for striking the end of a work tool associated therewith, the .combination of a casing, a closure for `one end of said casing having a bearing recess in said casing and having a passage extending from said recess through the louter end of said c-losure through which said end of said work tool may be extended into said recess, said closure within said casing having a race for an antifriction member disposed adjacent said recess and in -a plane normal to the axis ofthe casing, a rotatable Ishaft mounted for reciprocation in said casing having a substantially cylindrical anvil portion integral therewith yadjacent one end and reciprocally and rotatably mounted in la bearing provided in said recess, the axes of said shaft, said casing, said recess and said passage coinciding, the end -of said anvil portion within the recess strikingly engaging the end of the work tool extended into said recess, sai-d shaft having a hammer lportion integral with said shaft and anvil portion, said shaftl hammer and anvil portions rotating and reciprocating as a unit, said hammer portion adjacent said anvil portion having a cam facing said nace, said cam having an entrance and an inclined, substantially helical portion terminating in an exit, said exit and entrance being connected by a precipice disposed in a direction axially of said shaft, a floating, spherical, anti-friction member disposed between said cam an-d race, the diameter Iof said anti-friction member being less than the length of said `precipice, resilient means between said casing and hammer Iportion engaging the side of the hammer portion `opposite to the cam, urging said shaft, hammer and anvil portions toward the elo-sure to cause the anvil portion to strike the end of the work tool extended through said passage, operating means for rotating said shaft, and a coupling between said operating means and shaft permitting reciprocating movement of the shaft with respect to the operating means without shock to the operating means during striking of the 4work tool.

2. In a percussion tool for striking the end of .ga'fworktool associated therewith, the combinationro'f a casing, a closure for lone end of said casing having a bearing recess in said casing and having a passage extending from said recess through the outer end of said closure through which saidend of said Work tool may be ex-i tended into said recess, said closure withinsaid casing having a race forl an antifriction member disposed adjacent said recess and in a plane normal to the axis of the casing, a rotatable shaft mountedfor reciprocation in said casing having asubstantially cylindrical anvil portion integral therewith adjacent one yend and reciprocally and rotatably mounted in a bearing provided in said recess,;the axes of said shaft, said casing, said recess and said'passage coinciding, the end of said anvil portion within the recess strikingly engaging the end ofthe work tool extended into said recess, said shaft having a hammer portion integral with said shaft and anvil portion, said shaft, hammerand anvil portions rotating and reciprocating as a unit, said hammer portion adjacent said anvil portion having a cam facing said race, said cam having an entrance and an inclined substantially helical portion terminating in an exit, said exit and entrance being connected by a precipice disposed in a direction axially of said shaft, a floating, spherical, antifriction member disposed between said cam and race, the diameter yof said anti-friction member being lless lthan vthe length of said preciplce. operating means for rotating said shaft, a coupling between said operating means and shaft permitting reciprocating movement of the shaft with respect to the operating means without shock to the operating means during striking of the work tool, said coupling having a seat xed thereto and rotatable with said shaft and said last named seat, and resilient means between said last named seat and hammer portion having one end engaging said last named seat and the other end engaging the. side of the hammer portion opposite to the cam, urging said shaft, hammer and anvil portions toward the closure -to cause the anvil portion to strike the end of the work tool extended through said passage.

3. In a percussion tool for striking the end of a work tool, the combination of a casing, a closure for one end of said casing having a bearing recess in said casing and having a passage extending from said recess through the outer end of said closure through which said end of said work tool may be extended into said recess, said closure Within said casing having a race for an anti-friction member disposed adjacent said recess and in a plane' normal to the axis of the casing, a rotatable shaft mounted for reciprocation in said casing having a substantially cylindrical anvil portion integral therewith adjacent one end and reciprocally and rotatably mounted in a bearing provided in said recess, the axes of said shaft, said casing, said recess and said passage coinciding, the end of said anvil portion within the recess strikingly engaging the end of the Work tool extended into said recess, said shaft having a hammer portion integral with said shaft and anvil portion, said shaft, hammer and anvil portions rotating and reciprocating as a unit, said hammer portion adjacent said anvil portion having a cam facing said race, said cam having an entrance and an inclined substantially helical portion terminating in an exit, said exit and entrance being connected by a precipice disposed in a direction .maniero axally:f saidzlshaft, asiloating, spherical; antitriction member disposed;between saidcam and racepthe;diametermfsfsaidfantiffrictlonrmember being'x less: vthan the .'length'nof-said rprecipice, operatngfmeans for'` rotating said: shaft, and: a eonplingwbetween said-'operating means:and Vshaft permittngerecprocating movement fof rthashaft withl :respect-. to :thel :operating smeans i without shock .to fthe operating a' means fduringf` :striking ofthe work.tuohanantiefrictiorr bearing-'mounted ing-said casing providing.:axspringsseat. rotatable inai'dscasingsandaazspringf Ahaving 'one lend 'engaginglsaidrlastt'namedspring seat:.and the other end; engagingzithezside .of the: hammer i portion opposite;tozthelzcam,turgingssaidffshaft, hammer and;anvihportionszitoward'the closure to cause theranvilf` portion .tozstrkei the end. `of the-work tool extended through isa-id' passage.

weh-In; apercussion'ftool"foristriking the end: vof axworktookthe combination of a casing,aclosure forgonesendaof saidfcasingrhaving:abearing recess in said casing having a passage extending from;saidlrecesslthrough'the outer endfof said closuretthronghwhich sai'd'endof said Work tool may,fbe-^:extende`d into. said recess, said 'closure Withinzsaid casinglhaving. a rracel'for an Y antifrictionfmember fidisposedcadjacent -s'aid recess and ina-azplaneiznormalfto:the:axis ofithe casing, 'a rotatable shaft :mountedfI-for Areciprocation insaid casing,-:havingxeasubstantially cylindrical anvil portion: 'integral therewith. adjacent oneendan'd reciprocallymdsnotatablyfmounted ina bearing providedf in said recess :the axes offsaid 1 shaft, saidzcasing-tsaide recesszandsaid passage coinciding-,fthe end. of;said.,.anvi1iportion .within the `v`recessr-strikinglyzengaging the end of the work tool extended :into said recess,- said shaft having a hammer xportion integral :with :said shaft and anvil:portion;fsaidshaft,V hammer andfanvil portions; .rotatingA and reciprocating as a unit, said hammer: portion adjacent said -anvilfportion having, a-cam'rfacing said race, said cam havingan entrance 'and an 'inclined substantially she-tical portioniterminatingrin an exit, said exitf'andv-emtrance 1 bei-"ng connected by' a, precipice disposed in a direction axially of said shaft, said' hammer and anvilfportions. adjacent said cam having-frecess 'of ashapetorreceive a spherical anti-'friction member and permit its travel over `said-'cani'. aioating, spherical, anti-friction member disposedlbetween :said-cam and race, andlinfsai'd recess, -thefdiameter of said anti-frictionmember being -lessthan the length ofsaid preoipicef-a sleevedisposed-ina-recess in saidcasing between saidTace-an'd a vslxou-lder in said casngl'defn-ing said flast* name'dfrace, locating said sleeve-against substantial :movement axially of the casing, said sleevezbeingrotatablawith respect to said casing andhammer portion and having a sl'ot'forfreey receiving said vanti-friction member, :operating means ffor rotating said shaft, anda coupling-be# tvv'eenrsa'id-I operating means and shaftpermittlng reciprocating movement of the shaft with respect to theroperating means Without shock to the'operating-fmeans during `striking ofthe work tool; a. spring seat in said casing xed against movement axially; of said casing but rotatable with-respect thereto, and a spring having one end engaging sai'd `lastrrnai'ned spring'seat andthe other'end engagingthe side of the ham-merportiongopposite tothe cana-'urging sai'dshafh-hammer and'anvil portions toward the closure to cause thef'anvil portion to strike the end of the Work`1toi-'extendedthroughlsad passage.

`KENLY C. BUGG.

4rREFERENCES 'CITED "Thelfollowing references are of recordinlthe file 'ofjthis patent:

. :UNITED s STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 270,929 'Y'Bugg Jan. 27, 1942 25323;3'75 Bugg July-,6, l1943

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