US248759A - And william h - Google Patents

Description

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D. KELLY'Sv-W. H. HOFFMAN.

STEAM GENERATOR.

Patented 001;. 25,1881.-

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2 Sheets-Sheet 2. D. KELLY 8u W. E. HOFFMAN.

(No Model.)

STEAM GENERATOR.

No. 248,759. Patented Got. 25,1881.

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DANIEL KELLY, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, AND JVILLIAMA H. HOFFMAN, OF PASSAIO, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNORS OF ONE-THIRD TO XVALIER K. LUDWIG, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

STEAM-GEN ERATO R.

SPECIFICATION forming partef Letters Patent No. 248,759, dated October 25, 1881.

Application filed June 2S, 1881. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that we, DANIEL KELLY, of the city and county of Philadelphia, in the State of Pennsylvania, an d WILLIAM H. HOFF- MAN, of Passaic, in the county otPassaic and State of New Jersey, have invented a certain new and useful Improvementin Steam-Generators,of whichthe following is a specication.

Our invention consists in the combination, with the furnace and combustion-chamber ot' a steanrgenerator, of air-chambersin the front of the furnace and in the bridge-wall, and a novel arrangement of ues, whereby air is heated by the waste products of combustion escaping from the generator and introduced into said air-chambers, from whence it passes into the furnace and combustion-chamber.

In the accompanyingdrawings, Figurel represents a longitudinal vertical section of a steam-generator embodying our invention. Fig.2 represents a plan thereof. Fig. 3 represents a transverse vertical section thereof upon the dotted line a: x, Fig. l; and Fig. el. represents 'a modified form ot' generator, also enibotlying our invention.

Similar letters of reference designate corresponding parts in all the figures.

Referring., iirst, to Figs. 1, 2, and 3, A designates the furnace of the generator, in which are the grate a and the usual tire and ash-pit doors, b and c.

B designates the bridge-wall, and O theconibastion-chamber, into which the gaseous products of the fuel and the air pass over the bridge-wall.

D designates an upper drum for steam and water, arranged in the upper part ot'the generator, and supported at each end in the brick setting ot' the generator, and also by kneepieces or lugs c' on its sides, which rest upon the brick-work, as seen in Fig. 3. The drum D is designed to he at all times partly filled with water, and D designates a pipe through which steam may be taken therefrom for use. The said drum may be provided with a manhole at each end to enable it to be entered for repair, if necessary.

In the lower part of the combustion-chamber O, considerably below the drum D and parallel therewith, is a lower wpter and sediment or mud drum, E, which is shown as smaller than the drum D, and has connected to its ends pipes d d', one of which may serve as a feed-pipe, while the other serves as a blow-0E pipe.

F designates water-tubes, of which any number may be employed to give the power ot` boiler or generator required. These tubes are arranged in an upright position between the drums D and E, and they are connected at their upperends with the drum D and at their lower ends with the mnd-drum E.

The water-tubes F are made tapering from their upper ends downward, as clearly shown, and the area ot' communication between the tube and the drum is equal to the area ot' the large upper end ofthe tube, and hence steam generated at the internal surface ot' the tube has free opportunity ot' passage upward into the drum D, and through the water thence into the steam-space, without being opposed in its passage by the downward current of water which takes place in the center ofthe tubes.

In order to cause the heated gases and products ot' combustion passing through the combustion-chamber C to act more effectively upon the tubes, we arrange the tubes in staggered relation to each other, as best seen in Fig. 2- that is, the tubes are placed in three rows or lines longitudinally ot' the drums, and the tubes in the middle row or line are placed midway or opposite the spaces between the tubes in the side or outer rows or lines. This arrangement causes the gases and products ot' combustion to take a zigzag course in passing from front to rear of the combustion-chamber O, and to impinge more directly against the surfaces of the tubes.

In each tube F, near the connection with the mud-drum E, is a ange-joint, c, which is secured by means of bolts, and by breaking these `joints the mud-drum E may be removed in case of necessityvior repairs. By placing blank flanges over all the open ends ot' the tubes at the said tlangedjoints, the generator may be used even without the mud-drum, if

provision is made for feeding water into one of the tubes or into the drum D.

In the rear wall of the generator is an opening, Gf, closed by a door, C2, through which access may be had to the combustion-chamber C, and through which the drum E may be readily removed, if necessary.

Ve will now describe the fines for the passage of the products of combustion from the furnace and combustion-chamber, and for the supply of air to support combustion.

From the furnace A the smoke and partlyeonsnmed gases, together with air, pass over the bridge-wall B into the combustion-chamber G, wherein the combustion is completed, and the products of combustion, after circulating through the combustion-chamber C and among the tubes F, nally escape through side openings,f, into fiuesf, which extend upward upon theopposite sides ofthecombustionchamber, and may extend the whole length thereof. From the lues j" lthe products of combustion pass through openingsf2 into an escape-flue, G, which extends along the top of the drum, and from which they pass to the chimney under control of a damper, G. (Shown in Fig. 3.) rlhe passage ofthe waste products of combustion through the luesf upon the sides of the combustion-chamber C prevents the radiation ofeiectiveheat outward from the. highly-heated products of combustion in the combustionchamber.

In the front wall of thc furnace A is an airchamber, g, from which air may enter the furnaces above the grate through numerous perforatious or holes which widely distribute it, and in the bridge-wall B is a similar air-chamber, h h, from which air may be discharged into the combustion-chamber C through numerous holes or pert'orations, as best shown in Fig. l. Cold air is taken in at an opening, i, in the back of the generator, and thence passes upward through a passage,j, to a flue, H, extending along the top of the generator, from rear to the front thereof. The Iiue II passes in close proximity to the tlue G, and in this instance is immediately above the same, and is separated therefrom by a thin sheet-metal plate, so that the air passing through the tlue II is considerably raised in temperature by heat radiated from the heated products of combustion passing through the liuc G, and when it reaches the front end of the generator is heated to such a degree that it will promote economical combustion if admitted to the furnace. From the front end of' the ue II the heated air is admitted by a passage, 7c, to the air-chamber g in the front wall of the generator-furnace A, and a portion of the air passes through the holes or perforations in the said chamber, while the remainder passes through ues g upon the sides of the furnace, as seen in dotted outline in Final, and thence to the chamber h iu the bridge-wall, whence it issues from the perforations or holes in said chamber into the combustion-chamber C. By this arrangement of' air-fines the air to support combustion is highly heated without eXtra expense, as the heat which is imparted to it would otherwise be wasted.

Of course, in starting the fires air may be admitted to the furnace entirely below the grate through the ash-pit door, and as much as may be necessary may be there admitted at all times during the working ofthe boiler.

In Fig. 4 we have represented a modified form ot' the generator, the construction of the several parts of which is like that previously described. In this case we have represented several of the upper drums, D, and a corrosponding number ot' lower drums, E, extending across thefurnace A and combustion-chamber C, and between the steam and water drums and their corresponding mud-drums are the down wardly-tapering water-tubes F. The several drums D are connected by branch pipes Zwith a common steam-pipe, I, from which steam may be taken for use. In the front of the furnace and in the bridge-wall B are the air-chambers g and 7l, and the arrangement of the air-fines and theireonnecting passages and the escape-due G and its communicating-passages is the same as that previously described.

What we claim as our invention, and desire to secure by Letters Iatent, is-

The combination of the furnace A and combustiouchamber C, the two heated air-chambers g h, connected by the side tiues, g', the iiuesf upon the sides ot' the combustion-chamber, and the smoke and air tlues Gr H, extending along the top ot' the generator in close proximity, substantially as specified.

DANIEL KELLY. IILLIAM II. HOFFMAN.

Witnesses FREDK. HAYNns, ED GLA TZMAYER.

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