US2475805A - Ingot casting apparatus - Google Patents

Description

W.- A. SAYLOR INGOT CASTING APPARATUS Filed June 8, 1944 July l2, 1949.

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'Patented July 12, 1949 INGOT CASTING APPARATUS Wilbur Alan Saylor, Ontario, Calif., assigner to Kaiser Company, Inc., Oakland, Calif., a corporation of Nevada Application June 8, 1944. Serial No. 539,297 6 Claims. (Cl. 22-134) This invention relates, in general, to ingot casting apparatus, and has particular relation to improvements in the bottom pouring of metal ingots.

In the manufacture of steel or the like, the metal usually leaves the mill in the form of an ingot or casting'from which the final product is formed, for example, by the process of rolling. The manner in which the ingot molds are filled has an important influence on'the ingot and on the iinalproduct. Pouring vwhich splashes the metal on the sides of the mold, where it solidifies, produces imperfections in the surface of the ingot, which persist'and appear asso-called snakes or the like after rolling.

With a view to reducing splashing, bottom pouring has been employed. However, in the bottom pouring of the ingots the pressure or force for filling the molds from the bottom causes the molten metal to rush up from the runner or the like through the nozzle or other riser, and to spray into-the molds in fountain fashion. As a result, the metal splashes against the sides of the ingot molds where it `solidiiies and produces harmful effects, as set forth.

One of the main objects of the present invention is to provide in ingot casting apparatus of the class wherein a runner or the like is provided with an outlet for delivering molten metal into the mold from the bottom, the combination with suchA apparatus of baille means for deflecting the molten metal as it enters the mold to prevent l splashing and its. deleterious effects; also baille meanswhich will permit the molten metal to enter the mold at full velocity or any other desired speed, instead of being dribbled into the mold to form a bottom cushion before permittingfull flow of the molten metal.

Another object of the inventionis to provide baille means of the class describedv which is of simple, improved and inexpensive construction; also, baille means that can be applied to existing bottom casting apparatus and rwhich is adapted effectively to accomplish the desired results.

Another object of the invention is to provide baille means of the class described wherein said baille means is formed of metal which is not immediately melted by the molten metal but is subsequently fused into the ingot as pouring proceeds.

Further objects and advantages of the inven tion will become apparent from the following detailed description, taken in connection with the accompanying drawing in which: A

Figure 1 is a simplied vertical sectional view through a bottom casting apparatus and showing one form of baille means of my 'present invent'ionl positioned adjacent the outlets through which the molten metal enters the bottoms of the molds;

Figure 2 is a fragmentary perspective view of one of the baille 'members and runner bricks shown in Figure l; and

Figures 3 to 6, inclusive, are perspective views showing modified forms of baille members embodying the present'invention.

Referring to the drawing, the reference character I0 indicates a casting base which may be of a size to accommodate a number of ingot molds II. These molds II are open at the bottom and rest upon the base I 0. The molds II have side walls I2 .and may be closed at the top by top walls. I3,l although this may, of course, vary.

The runner comprises bricks I 4 and I5 of refractory or other suitable material; these bricks I4 and I5 extendingin a channel in the base I0.

The bricks I4 and I5 enclose or define the run- 1 ner passageway I6. One end of each brick I4 and I5V preferably has an annular ange I1 (shown in detail in Figure 6)- which ts into a corresponding recess I8 (shown in detail in Figures 2 to 5 inclusive) in the adjacent end of the next brick. The riser I9, which may be formed of or lined with refractory material, has a vertical passageway 20 fromthe lower end of which the molten metal is delivered into the runner passageway I6. The upper end of the riser I9 is shown as having a funnel 2| into which the molten metal is introduced, as well understood in theY art.

Each runner brick I5 has an outlet opening 22 preferably positioned at the center of the adjacent mold II. These openings 22 form outlets or nozzles through which the molten metal is delivered from the runner into the respective molds. While twovmolds II are shown in the drawing, it is to be understood that there may, within the scope of the present invention, be only one mold, or there may be additional molds with suitable outlets 22 forthe respective molds.

The baille member shown in Figures 1 and 2 is the preferred for-m of baille mem-ber due to its simplicity of fabrication. It comprises a bai-- fie lmember 24 of inverted generally troughshaped form. The particular member 24 shown in the drawing is of inverted U-shaped form, but it is to be understood that it' may be generally V-shaped or of other form within the scopev of the present invention. The 'depending legs" 2,5 of the baille member 24 straddle the brick I5, the sides of which ber 24 open at 30 into the interior of the mold I l.

In operation, the ingots are teemed by introducing the molten metal into the funnel 2i. The metal passes downwardly through the riser passageway 20 and flows through the runner passageway I6 from where it rushes or passes upwardly through the outlet openings 22 into thebottoms of the respective molds il. The baffle member 24 eiectively deilects the vmolten metal as it enters the mold; thereby preventing splashing of the metal on the sides of the mold and the deleterious effects of such splashing.

Moreover, with the baille members of the present invention, the molten metal is permitted to enter the mold at full velocity or at any other desired speed suitable for securing satisfactory results and without the necessity of dribbling the metal into the mold at reduced velocity to form a bottom cushion before permitting full ilow of the molten metal. As a result, a greater number of heats can be obtained and better pouring practice is possible. Not only is splashing of the metal on the sides of the mold, where it solidies and produces imperfections in the surface of the ingot, prevented, but by eliminating the necessity of pouring at reduced velocity or teeming too slowly greater flexibility and control are secured over the temperature at which the ingots are teemed and the rate of rise of the molten metal in the molds. Proper rate of pouring, also proper temperature, and avoidance of splashing are important features in casting satisfactory ingots.

The baille members 24 are preferably formed of a metal which is not immediately melted by the molten metal but is subsequently fused into the ingot as the pouring proceeds. While the subsequent fusing of the metal baille member into the ingot is important and is covered by the appended claims, it is to be understood that this may vary widely within the broader aspects of the invention.

The modied form of baille member indicated at 24a in Figure 3 has legs 25a straddling the baille brick |a, the sides of which are shown as scarred at 26a, as previously described. In this form of the invention the baille member has integral walls 32 extending transversely between the legs 25a and overlying the brick l5a with the outlet 22a positioned between the walls 32. The legs 25a have openings 34 for the delivery of the molten metal into the mold from between the transversely extending walls 32. The inverted bottom portion, which is the top portion 28a as viewed in the drawing. is supported in position overlying and spaced above the outlet 22a.

In the modification shown in Figure 4, the upper surface or the runner brick |5b has parallel grooves 36 spaced apart, with the outlet 22h positioned between these grooves. The U-shaped baille member 24h is disposed in inverted position with the widths of the legs 25D of the baille member directed transversely of the brick and supported in the grooves 36 to support the inverted bottom 28h of the U in position overlying and spaced above the outlet 22h.

In the modified form of the invention as shown in Figure 5, the U-shaped form of the baille member 24c is arranged crosswise of the top of the runner brick |50 as in Figure 4. In this case, the lower end of the depending leg 38 rests on the top of the brick I5c, and the lower end of the other depending leg 3 9 terminates in an integral angular part 40 having a top portion resting on the top of the brick and a flange depending downwardly at substantially right laigles thereto and along the side of the brick In the modiilcation shown in Figure 6, the U-Shaped form of the baille member 24d is also arranged crosswise of the top of the brick 15d, as in Figure 4. In thislcase the lower end of the depending leg 38 terminates in a flange 42 which extends out at right angles to the leg 38 and rests on the top of the brickff |5d. At one side of the brick 15d the flange 42 has an integral downturned flange 43 extending downwardly at right angles thereto and along the side of the brick I5d. The other leg 39' has a ilange 45 corresponding with the flange 42, and this flange 45 terminates at the opposite side of the brick I5d in a downturned flange 46 corresponding with the ilange 43.

I do not intend to be limited to the precise details or to the precise adaptation of the invention shown and described, as variations in the details and other adaptations of the invention are contemplated within the scope of the appended claims.

Iclaim:

1. In ingot casting apparatus of the class wherein a. runner brick has a runner passageway provided with an outlet for delivering molten metal into the mold from the bottom, the combination with said apparatus of baille means comprising a baille member of inverted generally trough-shaped form having depending side portions straddling said runner brick and supporting the inverted bottom of the trough in position overlying and spaced above said outlet, with the space between said side portions opening into the interior of the mold.

2. In ingot casting apparatus of the class wherein a runner brick has a runner passageway provided with an outlet for delivering molten metal into the mold from the bottom, the combination with said apparatus of a generally U- shaped baille member disposed in inverted position with the legs of said member straddling said runner brick and supporting the inverted bottom of the U in position overlying and spaced above said outlet.

3. In ingot casting apparatus of the class wherein a runner brick has a runner passageway provided with an outlet for delivering molten metal into the mold from the bottom, the combination with said apparatus of a baille member having legs straddling said runner brick and supporting a baille portion in position overlying and spaced above said outlet, said baille member having walls extending transversely between said legs and overlying said brick with said outlet situated between said walls, the legs of said baille member having openings therein for delivery of the molten metal into the mold from between lsaid transversely extending walls.

4. Apparatus for bottom pouring metal ingots, comprising, in combination, a runner brick having a runner passageway provided with an outlet for delivering molten metal into the mold from the bottom, said runner brick having parallel grooves in its upper surface spaced apart and and a generally U-shaped bale .member disposed in inverted position with the widths of the legs of said member directed transversely of said brick and supported in said grooves to support the inverted bottom of the U in position overlying and spaced above said outlet.

`5. In ingot casting apparatus of the class wherein a runner brick has a runner passageway provided with an upwardly opening outlet for delivering molten metal into the mold froml the bottom, the combination with said apparatus of baille means comprising a baille member of inverted generally trough-shaped form having depending side portions anchored to said runner passageway and adaptedto support the inverted bottom of the trough in a predetermined position overlying and spaced above said outlet.

6. In ingot casting apparatus, including a mold having a bottom with an upwardly directed outlet for delivering molten metal into the mold, the combination with said apparatus of a xed baille member of -fusible metal attached to the bottom of the mold and occupying only that por-v tion thereof adjacent said outlet, said-balile member having a closed top section and open sides whereby splashing is minimized and the upwardly owing molten metal is deflected to flow laterally into the mold through said open sides.

WILBUR. ALAN SAYLOR.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the 456,933l I Great Britain NOV. 18, 1936

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