US2473232A - Discharge tube having a fluid or solid cathode and a capacitative igniter - Google Patents

Discharge tube having a fluid or solid cathode and a capacitative igniter Download PDF

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Publication number
US2473232A
US2473232A US725701A US72570147A US2473232A US 2473232 A US2473232 A US 2473232A US 725701 A US725701 A US 725701A US 72570147 A US72570147 A US 72570147A US 2473232 A US2473232 A US 2473232A
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Prior art keywords
igniter
capacitative
fluid
discharge tube
tube
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Expired - Lifetime
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US725701A
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Warmoltz Nicolaas
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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Hartford National Bank and Trust Co
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J17/00—Gas-filled discharge tubes with solid cathode
    • H01J17/02—Details
    • H01J17/16—Vessels; Containers
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
    • H01J2893/00—Discharge tubes and lamps
    • H01J2893/0072—Disassembly or repair of discharge tubes
    • H01J2893/0073—Discharge tubes with liquid poolcathodes; constructional details
    • H01J2893/0074—Cathodic cups; Screens; Reflectors; Filters; Windows; Protection against mercury deposition; Returning condensed electrode material to the cathodic cup; Liquid electrode level control
    • H01J2893/0087—Igniting means; Cathode spot maintaining or extinguishing means

Definitions

  • This invention relates to discharge tubes having a fluid or solid cathode and a capacitative igniter, that is to say a conductor which is separated from the cathode by means of insulating material which, if desired, may be the wall of the tube. Tubes of this kind are sometimes referred to as spark-ignition tubes. Applying a high voltage to the conductor has the efiect of producing at the boundary line of the cathode surface and the insulator a spark which initiates the ignition of the tube.
  • An insulating material usually employed for the igniter is molten quartz or hard glass which afford the advantage of being free of impurities. Under certain operating conditions their period of life is, however, fairly short since after a few hundreds of hours a crack suddenly arises, more particularly at those points at which the quartz or the hard glass is chemically attacked as a result of the action of the discharge.
  • An electric discharge tube contains a capacitative igniter which is separated from the cathode by means of molten quartz or hard glass coated with a thin layer of powdery quartz or powdery hard glass applied thereto by sintering.
  • the thickness of the sintered layer is preferably from 0.1 to 0.2 mm. It is preferable to utilise as the powder to be applied by sintering, glass having a lower melting point than that of the tube on which it is sintered. A combination which is likewise very satisfactory is molten quartz with powdery quartz sintered on it.
  • reference numeral l designates the wall of the tube which is of glass
  • 2 is the cathode consisting of mercury
  • 3 the anode which also consists of mercury.
  • the communication between the anode and cathode spaces is formed by a comparatively narrow tube i.
  • the conductive portion of the igniter is designated 5 and is constituted by a molybdenum wire the bottom end of which extends into a quantity of mercury 6.
  • the mercury and the molybdenum wire are surrounded by a quartz tube 1 having a wall thickness of 0.5 mm., which is coated at its bottom end with a thin layer of sintered quartz 8 of 0.15 mm. thick.
  • An auxiliary anode 9 consisting of mercury is connected to the molybdenum wire of the igniter.
  • a discharge tube having a fluid cathode and a capacitative igniter consisting of a tube of glass having a closed end and engaging the fluid cathode, the closed end of the tube containing a body of mercury, and the outer surface of the glass tube having secured thereto a thin layer of powdery quartz or hard glass applied thereto by sintering, the thickness of which is preferably from 0.1 to 0.2 mm.

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  • Gas-Filled Discharge Tubes (AREA)

Description

June 14, 1949. WARMQLTZ 2,473,232
DISCHARGE TUBE HAVING A FLUID OR SOLID GATHODE AND A CAPACITATIVE IGNITER Filed Jan. 31, 1947 Patented June 14, 1949 DISCHARGE TUBE HAVING A FLUID OR SOLID CATHODE AND A CAPACITATIVE IGNITER Nicolaas Warmoltz, Eindhoven, Netherlands, as-
signor to Hartford National Bank and Trust Company, Hartford, Conn., as trustee Application January 31, 1947, Serial No. 725,701 In the Netherlands February 28, 1946 3 Claims. 1
This invention relates to discharge tubes having a fluid or solid cathode and a capacitative igniter, that is to say a conductor which is separated from the cathode by means of insulating material which, if desired, may be the wall of the tube. Tubes of this kind are sometimes referred to as spark-ignition tubes. Applying a high voltage to the conductor has the efiect of producing at the boundary line of the cathode surface and the insulator a spark which initiates the ignition of the tube.
An insulating material usually employed for the igniter is molten quartz or hard glass which afford the advantage of being free of impurities. Under certain operating conditions their period of life is, however, fairly short since after a few hundreds of hours a crack suddenly arises, more particularly at those points at which the quartz or the hard glass is chemically attacked as a result of the action of the discharge.
An electric discharge tube according to the invention contains a capacitative igniter which is separated from the cathode by means of molten quartz or hard glass coated with a thin layer of powdery quartz or powdery hard glass applied thereto by sintering. The thickness of the sintered layer is preferably from 0.1 to 0.2 mm. It is preferable to utilise as the powder to be applied by sintering, glass having a lower melting point than that of the tube on which it is sintered. A combination which is likewise very satisfactory is molten quartz with powdery quartz sintered on it.
It has been found by experiments that the period of life of tubes comprising igniters according to the invention is appreciably longer under the above-mentioned operating conditions than that of tubes which comprise the usual igniters of quartz or hard glass, despite the fact that the coating of powdery quartz or glass applied by sintering, at the area of the boundary line of the cathode surface, is slightly attacked rather soon.
The invention will now be explained more fully by reference to the accompanying drawing showing, by way of example, a discharge tube with capacitative igniter according thereto.
In the sole figure reference numeral l designates the wall of the tube which is of glass, 2 is the cathode consisting of mercury, and 3 the anode which also consists of mercury. The communication between the anode and cathode spaces is formed by a comparatively narrow tube i. The conductive portion of the igniter is designated 5 and is constituted by a molybdenum wire the bottom end of which extends into a quantity of mercury 6. The mercury and the molybdenum wire are surrounded by a quartz tube 1 having a wall thickness of 0.5 mm., which is coated at its bottom end with a thin layer of sintered quartz 8 of 0.15 mm. thick. An auxiliary anode 9 consisting of mercury is connected to the molybdenum wire of the igniter.
What I claim is:
1. A discharge tube having a fluid cathode and a capacitative igniter, consisting of a tube of glass having a closed end and engaging the fluid cathode, the closed end of the tube containing a body of mercury, and the outer surface of the glass tube having secured thereto a thin layer of powdery quartz or hard glass applied thereto by sintering, the thickness of which is preferably from 0.1 to 0.2 mm.
2. A discharge tube as claimed in claim 1, wherein the melting point of the glass contained in the sintered coating is lower than that of the tube material.
3. A discharge tube as claimed in claim 1, wherein' the coating applied by sintering and the tube material both consist of quartz.
NICOLAAS WARMOLTZ.
REFERENCES CITED The following referenlces are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 2,352,230 Spencer June 27, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 506,376 Germany Nov. 23, 1927
US725701A 1946-02-28 1947-01-31 Discharge tube having a fluid or solid cathode and a capacitative igniter Expired - Lifetime US2473232A (en)

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NL2473232X 1946-02-28

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2877367A (en) * 1957-01-29 1959-03-10 Vang Alfred Means and methods for igniting mercury pool in arc discharge switches and for eliminating misfire in operation, etc.
US2996636A (en) * 1959-01-09 1961-08-15 Anna Vang Ignition means for mercury arc discharge tube
US3089053A (en) * 1960-09-23 1963-05-07 Anna Vang Mercury discharge tube

Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE506376C (en) * 1930-09-04 Siemens & Halske Akt Ges Device for the ignition of gas discharge vessels with mercury cathode and metallic ignition pole
US2352230A (en) * 1942-02-18 1944-06-27 Raytheon Mfg Co Arc starting electrode and method of forming same

Patent Citations (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE506376C (en) * 1930-09-04 Siemens & Halske Akt Ges Device for the ignition of gas discharge vessels with mercury cathode and metallic ignition pole
US2352230A (en) * 1942-02-18 1944-06-27 Raytheon Mfg Co Arc starting electrode and method of forming same

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US2877367A (en) * 1957-01-29 1959-03-10 Vang Alfred Means and methods for igniting mercury pool in arc discharge switches and for eliminating misfire in operation, etc.
US2996636A (en) * 1959-01-09 1961-08-15 Anna Vang Ignition means for mercury arc discharge tube
US3089053A (en) * 1960-09-23 1963-05-07 Anna Vang Mercury discharge tube

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