US2471444A - Base lock for vises - Google Patents

Description

y 4 R. M. NELSON 2,471,444

BASE LOOK FOR VISES Filed May 2, 1945 I V 3 Sheets-Sheet l y 1949. R. M. NELSON 2,471,444

BASE LOCK FOR VIBES Filed May 2, 1945 s Sheets-Sheet 2 YIIIIIIII 57 Inn Inn mil m. .-1\

May 31, 1949. R. M. NELSON BASE LOOK FOR VISES 3 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 2, 1945 nnmmmmmmmmmm m|mummmnnmmnmmmmmnnuummmummummunmr IIIIIIHIHIMIMIIHM ilP -irH Patented May 31, 1949 BASE LOOK FOR VISES Ray M. Nelson, Rock'Island, 111., assignor to Bintman. Electric Company Application May 2', 1945, Serial No. 591,548

10 Claims.

Thisinvention relates to a quick-opening vise in which the movable jaw structure of the vise can readily be moved to. desired positionrelative to the fixedljaw structure, and relates-also to an automatic lock for looking a vise in any desired position on: its base. 7

The ordinary machinists vise has two clamping jaws, onefixedin position and the other-movable relative thereto. These Vises include a threaded bolt extending; from the movable jaw to the fixed'jaw, employedfor tighteningiandal'oosening thejaws. In suchza vise it is necessary. to une screwxthe. bolt when it is desired to open thevise for a larger piece ofwork. The opening of the jaws by unscrewing the-bolt: isslow andlaboripus.

I. have invented aquickactingvise wherein the movable jaw structure maybe readily-disengaged from the fixed jaw. structureand moved to any desired position without requiring the unscrewing of the bolt necessary in opening the old'yises. In

my new vise the movable jaw maybe positioned.

whereverdesired relative to the fixed jaw struc ture,. the work placed. within the jaws,. and the jaws then tightened by turning the bolt,.as in the old Vises. I have also invented anautomatically locking base for the vise in which the body portion of the vise is locked to the base in. any desired position relative thereto by merely tightening the bolt to clamp the jaws together. The vise which is the subject of this invention is of simple and sturdy construction, and permits the worker to do his work more efiiciently than he wasable-to-with the prior Vises.

The invention will be described as. related to a typical embodiment of the same set out in the accompanying drawings. Ofthe'drawings, Fig. 1 is a sideelevation of a vise embodying this invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the vise of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken along line'3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 41s a vertical'section taken along line 44 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken along line 5-5of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a horizontalsectiontaken along line 6-6 of Fig; 3; Fig. 7- is a vertical sectionsimilar toFig. 3 'but showingthe' vise in open position; Fig. 8 is a horizontal-section taken along line 88 of Fig. '7.

Thevise shown in the accompanying drawings comprises a base It]; a:fixedjaw 'structure-H, rotatably mounted by means of screw I? on thebase, and a movable jaw structure I'3. The movable j aw structure has a horizontalelongated section 14 inserted in an-opening in the fixedjawstructure. Thiselongated section: M carries a threaded screw 15'' in its interior, which: engages-an elongated nut I 5, also within the horizontal section 14. The bolt and nut are both capable of movement with the movable jaw structure. The bolt i5 issrotaitablyi held within the elongated section liby 'meansiof a mounted plate ll at the rearof the Vise and a-. collar l8 engaging a downward projecting portion 19a that is located at the front ofa the Vise; This collar is held in place by means of aheadless screw l9 bearing upon the bolt l5. At the front of the bolt, and pressing against the downwardtprojeotw ing portion lea, there is located the usual enlarged: head 2i that serves as a mounting for aleven'22. This lever is used for turning the threaded bolt I5.

The elongated nut leis providedion'itsioottoni with serrations 23 forminga rack, with each serraw tion having a rear portion substantially vertical; and a front portion slopingdownward. Mounted beneath the elongated nut and within the bottom of the fixed jaw structure is a ratchet-24 having? serrations on its top surface normally engaging; those ofthe elongated nut la. The serrations on;- the ratchet 25, are similar in shape to those on =the nut It, but are positioned opposite thereto so that the ratchet 24' and nut l6 are normally in closely engaged relationship. In order to. provide this. close engagement the ratchet. is. normally: urged upward by means of the. spring 25. The ratchet 24 and spring 25 are bothmounted'in a depression 28 in a ratchet holding member 421 which is loosely mounted in the base of thefixed jaw structure.

In order to provide for disengaging the ratchet 24 from the elongated nut it there is provided a. horizontal opening iilnear the top of theratch'et. Through this hole there extends a horizontal'bar.

28' arranged beneath the nut l6 andJsubstanti'aIly" horizontal bar 28 down. This serves to disengage:

the-ratchet 25 from the nut l6. Inorder toguide the horizontal bar 28 in its movement; there' is provided near the rearof the elongated section- 14i a horizontal pin 3i, extending at right angles to' the bar through a vertical slot 32'; Grooves-33 and 34 "(see Figs. 7 and 8) are provided intlrei vise b'ew neath'the bar 28 to permit movement -of th'e bar.

The quick opening vise operates as follows: When the vise is in clamping position as shown in Fi 3, the :bolt 15 is turned in a counterclockwise direction looking from the front of the vise, in order to release the movable jaw structure !3. The turning of the vise in the counterclockwise direction for about one-half a turn causes the elongated nut It to move backward along the bolt. The backward movement pushes the horizontal bar 28 down when the studs 30 press against the raised portion 29 of the bar. This also pushes the ratchet 24 down against the action of ratchet spring 25, and disengages the serrated portion of the ratchet from the serrated portion of the nut Hi. In this position the movable jaw structure can be moved to any desired position relative to the fixed jaw structure. The work can then be placed between the jaws 35 and the vise tightened by turning the bolt I in clockwise direction. The clockwise turning serves to pull the nut forward and permit the bar 28 and ratchet 24 to move back to its normal position under the influence of ratchet spring 25. In this position the serrations on the ratchet enga e the serrations on the nut. Due to the particular shape of the serrations, further tightening of the bolt I5 serves to draw the jaws 35 tightly together, thereby binding the work between the hardened steel surfaces 36 of the laws 35.

The vise illustrated in the accompanying drawings also inc1udes an automatic lock for locking the rotatable portion of the vise to its base. This locking mechanism works automatically as the vise jaws are tightened around work held therebetween.

In the base H] of the vise there is provided a circular groove 31 having a bottom portion of greater cross-sectional area than the top. Within the groove is located a vertical bolt 38 extending up into the rotatable portion of the vise. This bolt has a slanting wedge near the end 39, with the slope of the wedge being away from the vise. This wedge is held in place by means of a nut 40 on the end of the vertical bolt 38. The wedge 39 engages a wedge-shaped portion 4| on the bottom of the rotatable part of the vise. The wedge-shaped portion M is a part of that portion of the fixed jaw structure which holds the ratchet 2 This portion 42 has a top surrounding the elongated nut I6, which is slidably mounted therein. The ratchet holding portion 42 is loosely mounted within the bottom of the fixed jaw structure so that it is free to move horizontally from front to back of the vise. In order to permit this movement to be unrestrained, the bolt 38 extending from the base to the rotatable portion of the vise extends through a hole 43 in the wedge shaped portion, and this hole is considerably larger than the bolt. The ratchet holding portion 42 is normally held toward the rear of the vise by means of a spring 44.

The automatic locking device operates as follows: When the vise is in open position as shown in Fig. 7 the spring 44 pushes the ratchet holding portion 42 toward the rear of the vise. This permits the two wedge shaped portions 39, 4! to fit loosely against each other and thus permit easy rotation of the vise. As soon as work is placed between the jaws 35, and the bolt I5 is rotated to slide the nut 16 and cause its engagement with ratchet 2d, the pull on the ratchet forces the holding portion 42 toward the .front of the vise, and locks the two wedges 39, 4| to- '4 gether. This locking of the wedges locks the vise firmly on its base.

Having described by invention in considerable detail as related to a typical embodiment of the same, it is my intentions that the invention be not limited by any of these details unless otherwise specified, but rather be construed broadly within the spirit and scope of the accompanying claims.

Attention is directed to my co-pending application, Serial No. 590,762, filed April 28, 1945, wherein other features of th vise are claimed.

I claim:

1. A vise comprising .a base, a body portion rotatably mounted on the base, a fixed jaw structure forming a part of said body portion, a movable jaw structure movable within said body portion, a rotatable bolt in said movable jaw structure, a nut in which the bolt turns for clamping the two jaws of the vise together, serrations on said nut, a wedge member having an inclined face and movably attached to the base, a sec ond wedge member having a face inclined oppositely to that of the first wedge member and adapted to cooperate therewith, said second wedge member being movably mounted in the body portion for cooperation with the first wedge member, a ratchet in said second wedge member having serrations thereon for cooperation with the serrations provide on the nut whereby the movable second wedge member is moved into wedging relationship with the first wedge memher which is held tightly against the base as the jaws are tightened by rotation of the bolt, and spring means for normally holding the two wedge members apart when the ratchet is out of engagement with said nut.

2. A vise comprising a base, a body portion rotatably mounted on the base, a fixed jaw structure forming a part of said body portion, a movable jaw structure movable within said body portion, a rotatable bolt in said movable jaw structure, a nut in which the bolt turns for clamping the two jaws of the vise together, serrations on said nut, a wedge member attached to the base, a second wedge member movably mounted in the :body portion for cooperation with the first wedge member, said first wedge member being rotatable with the body portion of the vise when the two wedge members are out of wedging contact, a ratchet in said second wedge member movable into and out of contact with the nut and having serrations thereon for cooperation with the serrations provided on the nut whereby the movable second wedge member is moved into wedging relationship with the first as the jaws are tightened by rotation of the bolt, said movement being caused by movement of the nut along the bolt, and spring means for normally holding the two wedge members apart when the ratchet is out of engagement with said nut.

3. A vise as set out in claim 2 wherein the first wedge member extends from the base through the second wedge member.

4. A vise as set out in claim 2 wherein the first wedge member extends from the base through the second wedge member with the base end of the first wedge member moving in a circular groove in the base when the vise is rotated.

5. A vise as set out in claim 2 wherein there are provided means for moving the ratchet out of contact with the nut when it is desired to rotate the body of the vise on its base and to move the ratchet into contact with the nut when it is desired simultaneously to tighten the jaws of the vise and lock the vise on its base.

6. A vise as set out in claim 2 wherein there are provided means for moving the ratchet out of contact with the nut when it is desired to rotate the body of the vise on its base and to move the ratchet into contact with the nut when it is desired simultaneously to tighten the jaws of the vise and lock the vise on its base, said means being operated by rotation of the bolt.

7. A vise as set out in claim 2 wherein there is provided an elongated. bar slidably mounted in the ratchet substantially parallel to the nut, and means extending from the nut in contact with the bar to displace said bar and thus remove the ratchet from contact with the nut when it is desired to rotate the body of the vise on its base.

8. A vise as set out in claim 2 wherein there is provided an elongated bar slidably mounted in the ratchet substantially parallel to the nut, a beveled raised portion on the bar extending toward the nut, a stud mounted on the nut and contacting the bar adjacent the front of said raised portion so that rotation of the bolt in a direction opposite that used in clamping the jaws causes the stud to move onto the raised portion and displace the bar away from the nut, thereby removing the ratchet from contact with the nut when it is desired to rotate the body of the vise on its base.

9. A vise comprising a base, a body portion rtatably mounted on the base, a fixed jaw structure forming a part of said body portion, a movable jaw structure movable within said body portion, a rotatable bolt in said movable jaw structure, a nut in which the bolt turns for clamping the two jaws of the vise together, serrations on said nut, a wedge member having an inclined face and movably attached to the base, a second wedge member having a face inclined oppositely to that of the first wedge member and adapted to cooperate therewith, said second wedge member being movably mounted in the body portion for cooperation with the first wedge member, and a ratchet in said second wedge member having serrations thereon for cooperation with the serrations provided on the nut whereby the movable second wedge member is moved into wedging relationship with the first wedge member which is held tightly against the base as the jaws are tightened by rotation of .the bolt.

10. A vise comp-rising a base, a body portion rotatably mounted on the base, a fixed jaw structure forming a part of said body portion, a movable jaw structure mevable within said body portion, a rotatable belt in said movable jaw structure, a nut in which the bolt turns for clamping the two jaws of the vise together, serrations on said nut, a wedge member attached to the base, a second wedge member movably mounted in the body portion for cooperation with the first wedge member, said first wedge member being rotatable with the body portion of the vise when the two wedge members are out of wedging contact, and a ratchet in said second member movable into and out of contact with the nut and having serrations thereon for cooperation with the serrations provided on the nut whereby the movable second wedge member is moved into wedging relationship with the first as the jaws are tightened by rotation of the bolt, said movement being caused by movementof the nut along the bolt.

RAY M. NELSON.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Patented May 31, 1949 BASE LOOK FOR VISES Ray M. Nelson, Rock'Island, 111., assignor to Bintman. Electric Company Application May 2', 1945, Serial No. 591,548

10 Claims.

Thisinvention relates to a quick-opening vise in which the movable jaw structure of the vise can readily be moved to. desired positionrelative to the fixedljaw structure, and relates-also to an automatic lock for looking a vise in any desired position on: its base. 7

The ordinary machinists vise has two clamping jaws, onefixedin position and the other-movable relative thereto. These Vises include a threaded bolt extending; from the movable jaw to the fixed'jaw, employedfor tighteningiandal'oosening thejaws. In suchza vise it is necessary. to une screwxthe. bolt when it is desired to open thevise for a larger piece ofwork. The opening of the jaws by unscrewing the-bolt: isslow andlaboripus.

I. have invented aquickactingvise wherein the movable jaw structure maybe readily-disengaged from the fixed jaw. structureand moved to any desired position without requiring the unscrewing of the bolt necessary in opening the old'yises. In

my new vise the movable jaw maybe positioned.

whereverdesired relative to the fixed jaw struc ture,. the work placed. within the jaws,. and the jaws then tightened by turning the bolt,.as in the old Vises. I have also invented anautomatically locking base for the vise in which the body portion of the vise is locked to the base in. any desired position relative thereto by merely tightening the bolt to clamp the jaws together. The vise which is the subject of this invention is of simple and sturdy construction, and permits the worker to do his work more efiiciently than he wasable-to-with the prior Vises.

The invention will be described as. related to a typical embodiment of the same set out in the accompanying drawings. Ofthe'drawings, Fig. 1 is a sideelevation of a vise embodying this invention; Fig. 2 is a plan view of the vise of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a vertical section taken along line'3-3 of Fig. 2; Fig. 41s a vertical'section taken along line 44 of Fig. 3; Fig. 5 is a vertical section taken along line 5-5of Fig. 3; Fig. 6 is a horizontalsectiontaken along line 6-6 of Fig; 3; Fig. 7- is a vertical sectionsimilar toFig. 3 'but showingthe' vise in open position; Fig. 8 is a horizontal-section taken along line 88 of Fig. '7.

Thevise shown in the accompanying drawings comprises a base It]; a:fixedjaw 'structure-H, rotatably mounted by means of screw I? on thebase, and a movable jaw structure I'3. The movable j aw structure has a horizontalelongated section 14 inserted in an-opening in the fixedjawstructure. Thiselongated section: M carries a threaded screw 15'' in its interior, which: engages-an elongated nut I 5, also within the horizontal section 14. The bolt and nut are both capable of movement with the movable jaw structure. The bolt i5 issrotaitablyi held within the elongated section liby 'meansiof a mounted plate ll at the rearof the Vise and a-. collar l8 engaging a downward projecting portion 19a that is located at the front ofa the Vise; This collar is held in place by means of aheadless screw l9 bearing upon the bolt l5. At the front of the bolt, and pressing against the downwardtprojeotw ing portion lea, there is located the usual enlarged: head 2i that serves as a mounting for aleven'22. This lever is used for turning the threaded bolt I5.

The elongated nut leis providedion'itsioottoni with serrations 23 forminga rack, with each serraw tion having a rear portion substantially vertical; and a front portion slopingdownward. Mounted beneath the elongated nut and within the bottom of the fixed jaw structure is a ratchet-24 having? serrations on its top surface normally engaging; those ofthe elongated nut la. The serrations on;- the ratchet 25, are similar in shape to those on =the nut It, but are positioned opposite thereto so that the ratchet 24' and nut l6 are normally in closely engaged relationship. In order to. provide this. close engagement the ratchet. is. normally: urged upward by means of the. spring 25. The ratchet 24 and spring 25 are bothmounted'in a depression 28 in a ratchet holding member 421 which is loosely mounted in the base of thefixed jaw structure.

In order to provide for disengaging the ratchet 24 from the elongated nut it there is provided a. horizontal opening iilnear the top of theratch'et. Through this hole there extends a horizontal'bar.

28' arranged beneath the nut l6 andJsubstanti'aIly" horizontal bar 28 down. This serves to disengage:

the-ratchet 25 from the nut l6. Inorder toguide the horizontal bar 28 in its movement; there' is provided near the rearof the elongated section- 14i a horizontal pin 3i, extending at right angles to' the bar through a vertical slot 32'; Grooves-33 and 34 "(see Figs. 7 and 8) are provided intlrei vise b'ew neath'the bar 28 to permit movement -of th'e bar.

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