US2469537A - Humidostatic element - Google Patents
Humidostatic element Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2469537A US2469537A US572538A US57253845A US2469537A US 2469537 A US2469537 A US 2469537A US 572538 A US572538 A US 572538A US 57253845 A US57253845 A US 57253845A US 2469537 A US2469537 A US 2469537A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- strip
- gelatin
- humidostatic
- glycerin
- changes
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
- PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N Glycerine Chemical compound OCC(O)CO PEDCQBHIVMGVHV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 10
- WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Formaldehyde Chemical compound O=C WSFSSNUMVMOOMR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 108010010803 Gelatin Proteins 0.000 description 8
- 229920000159 gelatin Polymers 0.000 description 8
- 239000008273 gelatin Substances 0.000 description 8
- 235000019322 gelatine Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000011852 gelatine desserts Nutrition 0.000 description 8
- 235000011187 glycerol Nutrition 0.000 description 5
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 5
- CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N Fe2+ Chemical compound [Fe+2] CWYNVVGOOAEACU-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910001374 Invar Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000001464 adherent effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Chemical compound O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000012153 distilled water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001651 emery Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001092 metal group alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002023 wood Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- G—PHYSICS
- G01—MEASURING; TESTING
- G01N—INVESTIGATING OR ANALYSING MATERIALS BY DETERMINING THEIR CHEMICAL OR PHYSICAL PROPERTIES
- G01N19/00—Investigating materials by mechanical methods
- G01N19/10—Measuring moisture content, e.g. by measuring change in length of hygroscopic filament; Hygrometers
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10S428/913—Material designed to be responsive to temperature, light, moisture
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T428/00—Stock material or miscellaneous articles
- Y10T428/31504—Composite [nonstructural laminate]
- Y10T428/31678—Of metal
- Y10T428/31681—Next to polyester, polyamide or polyimide [e.g., alkyd, glue, or nylon, etc.]
- Y10T428/31685—Natural source polyamide [e.g., casein, gelatin, etc.]
Landscapes
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- Biochemistry (AREA)
- General Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Immunology (AREA)
- Pathology (AREA)
- Materials For Medical Uses (AREA)
Description
Filed Jan. 12. 1945 Fiel Fiel
Snventor Henry Wohrer B Qf- Gttomegs Patented May 10, 1949 HUMIDOSTATIC ELEMENT Henry Wohrer, Milwaukee, Wis., assignor to Johnson Service Company, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application January 12, 1945, Serial No. 572,538
2 Claims.
This invention relates to hygrostats and particularly to a hygrostatic element unaffected by temperature changes, or substantially so.
The invention contemplates the use of a thin exible strip of metal whose coefficient of thermal expansion is zero or so small as to be negligible, coated on one side with a closely adherent layer of material which expands as it absorbs moisture. In this way a flexing bar or coil characterized by very good response to atmospheric humidity may be produced.
The preferred metal is a ferrous alloy known by the trade name of Invarf The preferred coating is gelatin rendered exible by the addition of a small quantity of glycerin, and rendered insoluble by the addition of a small quantity of formaldehyde.
The invention will now be described by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which- Figure l is an elevation of a strip coiled to form a helical unit according to the invention.
Figure 2 is a face View of a straight strip element.
Figure 3 is an enlarged view of the strip shown in Figure 2.
Figure 4 is a section on the line 4-4 of Figure 3, still further enlarged.
A fiat strip 6 of Invar, or other metal having a negligible coeicient of thermal expansion is provided with closely spaced fine burrs 1 on one face. This may be done by punching, or by drilling with a dull drill, or by any equivalent procedure. The strip may be about 0.25 wide and 0.010" thick. This strip is laid with its burred side up on a level, polished metal plate (not shown).
Ten grams of pure gelatin are dissolved in 100 c. c. of distilled water at approximately 130 F. Care is taken to avoid the presence of air bubbles. When the gelatin has dissolved, 2 drops of glycerin are added, after which 2 drops of formaldehyde are added. This solution after drying remains flexible, resists decay and the growth of mold, and will not redissolve. 'Ihe glycerin may accelerate its response to atmospheric humidity and contributes to its elasticity.
The above solution is poured onto the burred side of the Invar strip while the latter is supported in a horizontal position by the polished plate. When the gelatin has dried, the strip is removed from the plate, after which any gelatin adhering to the smooth side of the strip is removed by the use of ne emery paper. The coat or lm 8 remains on the burred side.
This produces a compound strip in which the metal strip 6 is unaffected by changes of temperature or humidity. The gelatin llm 8, however, changes in length with changes of moisture content, and has a substantially straight line characteristic in its dimensional response to changes of atmospheric relative humidity over a wide range. This causes proportional flexure of the strip. This hygrostatic unit has been tested by changing temperature while maintaining uniform relative humidity. The unit is indifferent to temperature changes of as much as 50 Fahrenheit degrees and continues to indicate uniform relative humidity so long as this Value is held constant.
Aside from this advantage over prior art substances such as hair, horn, wood and gold-beaters skin, the element is homogeneous and can be readily reproduced,
It may be used flat or may be curled to the helical form shown in Figure 1. The burred side is preferably the outer side in such case.
What is claimed is:
1. A hygrometric element comprising a exible supporting strip of ferrous metal alloy having a negligible coefficient of thermal expansion; and a thin layer adherent to one face of said flexible strip insoluble in water and composed primarily of glycerin and gelatin in the proportion of two drops of glycerin to ten grams of gelatin, said layer being characterized, over a temperature range of the order of 50 Fahrenheit degrees, by a lineal expansion which is proportional to and closely follows the relative humidity of air in contact therewith.
2. The element defined in claim 1 in which insolubility of the layer is caused by the presence of a minor quantity of formaldehyde.
HENRY WOHRER.
REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:
UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 614,029 Rottach Nov. 8, 1898 798,413 Howard Aug. 29, 1905 798,938 Wetherill Sept. 5, 1905 1,293,527 Ovington Feb. 4, 1919 1,540,152 Weber June 2, 1925 2,093,767 Rollefson Sept. 21, 1937 2,131,554 Rayville Sept. 27, 1938 2,247,349 Champion July 1, 1941 2,267,164 Newton Dec. 23, 1941 2,298,162 Ralston Oct. 6, 1942 2,364,436 Frisch et al Dec. 5, 1944 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country Date 3,678 Great Britain 1898 3,371 Great Britain 1902 727,512 France Mar. 29, 1932
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US572538A US2469537A (en) | 1945-01-12 | 1945-01-12 | Humidostatic element |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US572538A US2469537A (en) | 1945-01-12 | 1945-01-12 | Humidostatic element |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2469537A true US2469537A (en) | 1949-05-10 |
Family
ID=24288273
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US572538A Expired - Lifetime US2469537A (en) | 1945-01-12 | 1945-01-12 | Humidostatic element |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2469537A (en) |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2509593A (en) * | 1947-05-21 | 1950-05-30 | Rca Corp | Humidity compensated oscillator |
US2596744A (en) * | 1949-12-28 | 1952-05-13 | Gen Electric | Moisture indicating instrument |
US2686676A (en) * | 1949-04-08 | 1954-08-17 | Dictaphone Corp | Recording progress indicator for magnetic records |
US3123493A (en) * | 1964-03-03 | Art of bonding of vacuum metallized coatings | ||
US3279255A (en) * | 1964-07-07 | 1966-10-18 | Johnson Service Co | Humidity sensing element and method of making the same |
US3281262A (en) * | 1962-04-19 | 1966-10-25 | Continental Can Co | Art of bonding of vacuum metallized coatings to metal substrates |
US4142418A (en) * | 1977-04-05 | 1979-03-06 | Gunnar Lagher | Temperature sensitive member |
Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US614029A (en) * | 1898-11-08 | Johann kottach | ||
GB189803678A (en) * | 1898-02-14 | 1898-12-10 | Alexander Macfarlane | Improvements in the Process of Treating Gelatine, and the Production therefrom of Imitations of various Substances. |
GB190203371A (en) * | 1902-02-10 | 1902-07-17 | Carl Ludwig Friedrich Freelandt | Improved Manufacture of Gelatine Films for Photographic Purposes |
US798413A (en) * | 1904-09-17 | 1905-08-29 | Charles D Howard | Thermostatic bar. |
US798938A (en) * | 1904-07-18 | 1905-09-05 | Henry Emerson Wetherill | Hygroscope. |
US1293527A (en) * | 1914-08-28 | 1919-02-04 | Edward J Ovington | Vapor couple. |
US1540152A (en) * | 1921-08-05 | 1925-06-02 | Charles Weber | Composition for making flexible, transparent, waterproof windows and the product thereof |
FR727512A (en) * | 1931-11-07 | 1932-06-20 | Electrically operated regulator device for humidifying devices | |
US2093767A (en) * | 1934-08-25 | 1937-09-21 | Muter Company | Relative humidity indicator |
US2131554A (en) * | 1936-02-01 | 1938-09-27 | Rayville Jean De | Hygrometer |
US2247349A (en) * | 1940-04-13 | 1941-07-01 | Ditto Inc | Bright copy hectograph duplication |
US2267164A (en) * | 1939-09-30 | 1941-12-23 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Snap acting condition responsive device |
US2298162A (en) * | 1937-11-12 | 1942-10-06 | Armour & Co | Gelatinous sheets, films, and plastic masses |
US2364436A (en) * | 1943-07-07 | 1944-12-05 | Gen Electric | Insulation for magnetic steel and the like |
-
1945
- 1945-01-12 US US572538A patent/US2469537A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Patent Citations (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US614029A (en) * | 1898-11-08 | Johann kottach | ||
GB189803678A (en) * | 1898-02-14 | 1898-12-10 | Alexander Macfarlane | Improvements in the Process of Treating Gelatine, and the Production therefrom of Imitations of various Substances. |
GB190203371A (en) * | 1902-02-10 | 1902-07-17 | Carl Ludwig Friedrich Freelandt | Improved Manufacture of Gelatine Films for Photographic Purposes |
US798938A (en) * | 1904-07-18 | 1905-09-05 | Henry Emerson Wetherill | Hygroscope. |
US798413A (en) * | 1904-09-17 | 1905-08-29 | Charles D Howard | Thermostatic bar. |
US1293527A (en) * | 1914-08-28 | 1919-02-04 | Edward J Ovington | Vapor couple. |
US1540152A (en) * | 1921-08-05 | 1925-06-02 | Charles Weber | Composition for making flexible, transparent, waterproof windows and the product thereof |
FR727512A (en) * | 1931-11-07 | 1932-06-20 | Electrically operated regulator device for humidifying devices | |
US2093767A (en) * | 1934-08-25 | 1937-09-21 | Muter Company | Relative humidity indicator |
US2131554A (en) * | 1936-02-01 | 1938-09-27 | Rayville Jean De | Hygrometer |
US2298162A (en) * | 1937-11-12 | 1942-10-06 | Armour & Co | Gelatinous sheets, films, and plastic masses |
US2267164A (en) * | 1939-09-30 | 1941-12-23 | Honeywell Regulator Co | Snap acting condition responsive device |
US2247349A (en) * | 1940-04-13 | 1941-07-01 | Ditto Inc | Bright copy hectograph duplication |
US2364436A (en) * | 1943-07-07 | 1944-12-05 | Gen Electric | Insulation for magnetic steel and the like |
Cited By (7)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US3123493A (en) * | 1964-03-03 | Art of bonding of vacuum metallized coatings | ||
US2509593A (en) * | 1947-05-21 | 1950-05-30 | Rca Corp | Humidity compensated oscillator |
US2686676A (en) * | 1949-04-08 | 1954-08-17 | Dictaphone Corp | Recording progress indicator for magnetic records |
US2596744A (en) * | 1949-12-28 | 1952-05-13 | Gen Electric | Moisture indicating instrument |
US3281262A (en) * | 1962-04-19 | 1966-10-25 | Continental Can Co | Art of bonding of vacuum metallized coatings to metal substrates |
US3279255A (en) * | 1964-07-07 | 1966-10-18 | Johnson Service Co | Humidity sensing element and method of making the same |
US4142418A (en) * | 1977-04-05 | 1979-03-06 | Gunnar Lagher | Temperature sensitive member |
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