US2460320A - Motion-picture combination - Google Patents

Description

1949- c. WALDEYER MOTION-PICTURE COMBINATION 5 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 11, 3:944

1N VENTOR.

C. WALDEYER Feb. 31, E949.

MOTION-PICTURE COMBINATION 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 Filed Sept. 11, 1944 INVENTOR.

Fab, L 14%.. c. WALDEYER 2,460,320

MOTION-PICTURE COMBINATION Filed Sept. 11, 1944 I 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 INVENT OR.

Feb Q. WALDEYER MOTION-PICTURE COMBINATION Filed Sept. 11 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 4- INVENT OR.

Feb. 1, 194% W D R 2,4-@,32@

I MOTION-PICTURE COMBINATION Filed Sept. 11, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 /4 u I r 2 I l 1 M3 1 c: Jl i "/7 4 1 l I z I l I l B U all D INVENTOR.

Patented Feb. 1, 1949 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE MOTION-PICTURE COMBINATION Carl Waldeyer, San Francisco, Calif.

Application September 11, 1944, Serial No. 553,629

- 18 Claims. 1

My invention relates to motion picture devices.

An object of this invention is to provide moving picture film, by novel production methods, adapted for projection in my invention, Patent No. 2,226,833, issued Dec. 23, 1941, and to which patent reference is hereby made.

A further object is to combine portions of the mechanism and actuating means of the patent with the novel features of my invention to produce the results described, illustrated and claimed in this application.

Another object of my invention is to produce photographic film suitable to be immediately projected, after processing, in the device herein described, and also to be adapted for projection in the patent device.

Another object of my invention is to make photographing and projection of motion pictures more economical by reducing the amount of film footage required by the methods now in use.

An object of this invention is to provide a motion picture device capable of producing film suitable for projection in the duplex type of projector, such as shown in the patent, without being subjected to the liability of parallax in projection.

A further object of this invention is to make the photographing and projection of motion pictures more economical by providing a single device adapted to both take and project the pictures.

Other objects of my invention will be apparent or will be specifically pointed out in the description forming part of this specification, but I do not limit myself to the embodiment of the'invention described herein, as various forms may be adopted within the scope of the claims following the description.

My invention may be more fully understood by direct reference to the drawings.

In the five sheets of drawings:

Fig. 1 is a top or plan view of the actuating mechanism of this invention, shown mounted on the cover of the device. The cover is partly broken away to show the shutter actuating means suspended on underside of cover.

Fig. 2 is a section on line 2-2, Fig. 1, in direction of arrows, and shows an enlarged detail in front elevation of the shutter actuating mechanism.

r Fig. 3 is a section on line 3-3 of Fig. l, in direction of arrows and shows a side view detail, above the cover, of the mutilated gear drive for the film feed mechanism, and also shows the film feed sprocket barrels and gear suspended below the cover. I I

Fig. 4 shows an elevation from the front, looking rear, illustrating general arrangement of parts of a motion picture combination constructed in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 5 is a sectional plan view through 5-5 f Fig. 4 showing features of the invention when employed as a motion picture camera.

Fig. 6 is a front elevational view showing front wall with camera lens and attachments.

Fig. '7 is a front elevational view showing front wall with projection lens attached.

Fig. 8 is a side elevational view of a side wall illustrating the method of adapting projection shutters to be used on the device, on the outside of side walls.

Fig. 9 is a side elevational View of a side wall illustrating the manner of adapting camera shutters to operate on the inside of the side walls of the device.

Fig. 10 is an elevational view showing oscillating disk and surfaced mirror and the manner of adapting same to oscillate on block and vertical pivot.

Fig. 11 is a side view illustrating driven gear and film sprocket barrel, below the cover, and driving pinion above cover, being a part of the film actuating means.

Fig. 12 is a plan view looking up of Fig. 11, illustrating the film sprocket barrels and driven gears, shown suspended under the cover.

Fig. 13 is an illustration showing a front view of a motion picture projector constructed in accordance with this invention.

Fig. 14 is an illustration showing a rear view of a motion picture camera constructed in accordance with this invention, and is a duplicate of Fig. 13 with lamp housings removed and a camera lens, not showing, substituted for the projection lens.

Fig. 15 is a side elevational view of a side wall, illustrating the manner in which the projection shutters may be adapted to act as closures when the device is being operated as a camera.

- Fig. 16 is a side elevational view of one of the film guides which are part of the inner side walls of the device.

In detail the construction illustrated in the drawings comprises the bed I, disposed on any suitable support, as at I, I, l, i, Figs. 13 and 14. The vertical walls 2, 3 are integrally formed on bed I. They are set facing each other in parallel positions, and are spaced apart sufiiciently to allow the installation of mechanism be tween them and at a distance to comply with focusing requirements, and are provided with V, and B does exposureperiods. Figs. 5, 8 and 15.

projection openings 4 and disposed so as to be in aXial alinement with each other. Fig. 5. See also Fig. 8.

These parallel walls 2 and 3 provide suitable mountings for the duplex lamp housings A and B. These lamp housings are alike in construction and function and are conventionally illustrated in the drawings. Fig. 13. They are removably attached to the respective parallel walls 2 and 3. Each housing is supplied with a lamp '5, and the customary condensing lenses 8. They are disposed on the said vertical walls so that the light beams from the respective lamps are in axial alinement with each other and with the respective projection openings 4 and 5. The light beams are also in alinement with an oscillating reflecting surface to be later described;

The parallel Walls 2, 3 are each provided with vertical covered guideways 9 and 90 preferably set in recesses provided in the walls and having opposed vertical grooves therein to form vertical guide slots l2, l3 and lZa and I Set adapted to guide their respective films M and i5 through the focal plane; These respective channel guides 9, ill are provided with covers 56, 46a to exclude light from the films except at exposure openings ll, l8 which are provided in each covered channel and disposed to be in axial alinement with each other and with the projection openings Iland 5 in the respective parallel walls, and

are also in the "focal plane of the lens 28. These openings H, l8 are adapted to admit light from the lens to the sensitised films at exposure periods. See Figs. 4, 5 and 16.

The shutters I9, 21! and l9a, a are similarly guided through the focal plane, laterally, in the horizontal guideszl 2223, 2 4; and 2 i a, 22a-23a and 24a. These shutters have the openings 25, 26 and 25a, 26a so that the respective shutters alternately expose light to the films. These shutters are driven in alternate relation so that one film is dark while the other is light. Fig. 5.

See also Figs. 8, 9 and 15. These shutter-s are of the known kind; similar to those of the patent, but are arranged in a novel combination and actuated by an improved mechanism, as shown in the description and drawings.

The shutters l9 and 21:, adapted to operate when the device is being used'as a projector, are located outside of the respective parallel walls 2 and 3. By adapting the projection shutters to operate on the outside of the parallel walls heat from the lamps in the respective lamp houses A not reach the films except during When the device is being used as a camera the respective shutters Na and 23a on the inner side of the respective parallel walls 2, 3, within the dark chamber 27, are adapted to operate. These inside shutters are necessary to protect the sensitised films, except at exposure periods, from being struck by light rays from the camera lens28. See Figs. 5 and .9.

When the device is operating as a camerav the outside shutters i3, 20 may Joe-removed, andv the respective projection be supplied with closures tuating means may be side shutters and they as closures. the device is being used as a projector the inside shutters iSa, 28a may remain in gear, as they are adapted to operate in synchronism with orifices 4 and 5 may or, preferably, the acdetached from the outmay be disposed to act .therespective ousi-de shutters i9, 25, or they may be removed.

See Fig. 5 and also Fig. 15. When The vertical parallel walls 2, 3 are provided with a rear wall 29 integrally fixed therebetween, and made integral with the bed I. Figs. 8 and 9. See also Figs. 14 and 15. The front ends of parallel walls 2, 3 are respectively provided with a series of vertical opposed grooves 35, 30 and 3|, 3!, Fig. 5, adapted to have a movable front wall selectively disposed therein, at right angles to said parallel walls and resting on bed I Front wall 32, with a projection lens 343 disposed-therein, is'adapted to be inserted in opposed rooves 30., 38 when the device is to be used as a projector. Figs. 5 and 13. Front wall 32a, with camera lens 28 disposed therein, is adapted to be inserted in opposed grooves 3|, 3! when the device is'to be used as a camera. Fig. 5. See also Fig. 6.

Wall 32a, with camera lens 28 supplied with automatic shutter 35 and shutter trigger 36, has

movably disposed thereon a rod 31. Rod 3'! is positioned on wall 32a so that its lower end is inoperative, contact with trigger 3 6 and its upper end extends to the top of the wall. A coiled spring 38 isdisposed on rod 3! towards its top and so adiusted that it gives a reciprocating movement to said rod, when pressed downward and released. Fig.6.

The mechanism for providing an oscillating reflecting means for the device is best shown in Figs. 4, 5- and 10. A block 3-9 is integrallyset on bed I between parallel walls. 2 and 3, within the dark chamber 21. Figs. 4 and 1-0. A vertical pivot 49 is integrally fixed in said. block, said pivot adapted to be equidistant from parallel walls 2, 3 and adapted to transversely cross the axial line of the light beams from the respective lamp housings A and B. Figs. 5 and 10. An 0sclllating disk, or turntable 41, provided with a center bore is set on block 39, revolvably engaging with pivot 45, said pivot forming the axis of the oscillating disk. A surfaced rectangular mirror 43 is integrally fixed on said disk ll, and disposed in. perpendicular Said mirror 43 adapted to be revolvably engaged, as at 6, Fig. 10, on saidpivot 48.

The reflecting means may be improved, particularly for camera purposes, by substituting a prismatic mirror for the plane mirror, to operate as follows:

A vertical pivot I is integrally fixed on said block 39, said pivot adapted to be equidistant from parallel walls 2, 3 and'extending upward to a point slightly below the axial line of the respective exposure opening-s ll and it. An oscillating disk or turntable Ml, provided with a center boreis set on block 39, said disk Ml being provided with a perpendicular post M2 integrally fixed thereon,- said post provided with a vertical bore which registers with the center bore on said.

disk Mi. Said disk and said post being adapted to revolvabl-y engage'on vertical pivot M0,, said pivot forming the. axis of said disk and said post. A rightang1e prismatic. mirror i43sis adaptedv to be disposed on. top oisaid', post E42 and made integral therewith. See Figs. 4' and 5. The actuating means for operating. the said disk 4| and the saiddisk i4! are the same, and will be laterdescribed;

A removable cover 44 is provided for the device as shown in .Figs. 1 and 3. This cover sets on top of the front and back walls 29 and 32 and the said parallel walls 2 and 3, and is removably' fas tenedto same in any suitable manner. Figs. 8, 14 and 15. This cover 44 when in place provides .5 dark chamber2l for the device in the area enposition. See Fig. 10..

closed between the front and back walls 29 and 32, and the respective parallel walls 2 and 3. See Figs. 4 and 5.

The driving mechanism for actuating the films, the shutters and the oscillating mirror is best shown in Figs. 1 and 2. See also Figs. 5, 8 and 9. Parallel driving shafts 45 and 45 are disposed in lengthwise positions on the movable cover 44, and rotatably mounted in bearings 41-48 and 49-50 on top of the said cover. The left hand member 45 of the said duplicate shafts is provided with a manually operated crank 5i, fixed to rear end of said shaft. Shaft 45 may also be operated by any suitable power means. Miter gears 52 and 53 of identical ratio are fixed on the contiguous front ends of said parallel driving shafts. A cross shaft 54 similarly revolves in bearings 5556 on the said cover 44, and extends between the said parallel shafts 45-46, at the front ends thereof. Miter gears 5'l-58 of like ratio to said miter gears 52-53 are fixed on the respective ends of said cross shaft 54, and are engaged, respectively, with the respective miter gears 52-53 disposed on the ends of the said parallel shafts 4546. Fig. l.

The connection between the said parallel shafts 45 and 46 by the medium of the said cross shaft 54 and the miter gears 5253 and 5'l'58 is so arranged that when the crank operated shaft 45 is revolved in a clockwise direction the companion shaft 46 revolves counterclockwise. Fig. 1.

The shutter actuating means operates as follows: The shutter arm 59 is fixed upon a cross shaft 60 which oscillates in its respective bearings iii-52 disposed on the underside of the removable cover 44, and at the rear thereof and transversely of the said parallel shafts 4545. Fig. 1. The hub 53 of the shutter arm 53 is cut away to form shoulders 6485 for alternate impingement of the cams 56-6! fixed on the crank driven shaft 45, to alternately swing the shutter arm 59. See Fig. 2. In the shutter actuating means shown in the invention, as described and illustrated h rein, there is improvement and elimination of parts over the similar devices of the patent.

An alined shaft 558 is disposed in the dark chamber 21, slightly above bed i. This alined shaft is parallel to cross shaft fill, but considerably below and somewhat forward. of same. This alined shaft oscillates in bearings 69l0, respectively, fixed in the respective parallel walls 2-3, the ends of said shaft extending through said walls, projecting somewhat beyond their respective bearings. Fig. 5. See also Figs. 8 and 9. Upward extending arms H and 72 are fixed on the respective ends of said alined shaft 68, on the outside of the respective parallel walls 2 and 3. See Figs. 5 and 8. Similar arms 15 and 14, respectively, are fixed on the said alined shaft 88, on the inside of and contiguous to the said respective parallel walls 2 and 3, within said dark chamber 21. See Figs. 5 and 9. An upward extending arm 75 is fixed on said alined shaft 68 approximately at its center, between said parallel walls. This single center arm '55 is connected by link it with the said shutter arm 59. See 1 and 5. Arms H and ":2, respectively, are connected by links ll and 8 with shutters l9 and 20 disposed, respectively, on the outside of said parallel walls. Fig. 8. Arms 73 and 14, respectively, are connected by links 19 and 80 with shutters lSa and 23a disposed, respectively, on the inside of said parallel walls, within said. dark chamber 2'l.- Figs. 5 and 9. A pivot pin 8| is fixed on the periphery of said oscillating disk H. A link 82 connects this pivot pin 81 with the said upward extending arm 75 fixed on alined shaft 63. Fig. 5. Said arm 15 being also connected by link 76 with the shutter arm 59. See Fig. 1 and 'ig. 5. The films move forward one space, alternately, for each half-turn of the driving rod, this movement allowing each film a protracted dwell while in exposure position within the dark chamber. The film shutters, and also the oscillating prism, must move more rapidly to provide a refinement of action in accord with the objects of the invention. As already shown these two devices are actuated by being attached to arms which are, in efiect, in each case the long arm of a lever, and their respective movements are practically instantaneous. They are adapted to remain continually at rest, except for instantaneous movements, back and forth, to perform the functions outlined for them, which also allows them a protracted period of rest between movements.

Two countershafts i3 and 84, respectively, are revolvably disposed in bearings 2585 and 86-86 fixed on top of said removable cover 44, in positions parallel to the said duplicate drive shafts 45 and 45. Mutilated pinions 81 and 83 are fixed on the respective countershafts 33 and 84, said pinions engaging cooperating mutilated drive gears 89 and 953, respectively, fixed on the said parallel drive shafts 45 and 48. See Fig. 1 and Fig. 3. These countershafts 83 and 34 are adapted, respectively, to be alternately driven by the said respective mutilated gears 89 and 90 upon the revolution of the said respective parallel drive shafts 45 and 4%. Said countershafts 83 and 84, respectively, have also fixed thereon pinions fil and 92 for purposes hereinafter explained. See Fig. l and Fig. 11. The main drive shaft of the patent and the countershafts attached thereto by mutilated gear connections is similar to the gear described herein, with the exception that the two sections of the drive shaft are disposed in parallel positions, and are connected by a cross shaft and miter gears instead of the universal joint of the patent. These respective countershafts and the cross shaft have additional novel disposed thereon to operate mechanism described in the invention.

Countershafts 93 and Q4 revolvably set in bearings 95-95 and 9ii95, respectively, are disposed on the underside of said removable cover 44, and substantially in vertical alinement with shafts 83 and 84 on top of said cover. These respective countershafts 93 and 9 have fixed thereon film feed barrels El and each barrel provided with sprocket teeth. Said sprocket toothed barrels are provided, respectively, with rollers 03!, x2, and m4, 035, .123, said rollers being adapted to hold the respective films 54 and i5 in engagement with the sprocket teeth on the respective film feed barrels 9i and 53 in the known manner. 3 and a. See also Figs. 11 and 12. The respective sprocketbarrel shafts 93 and 94 have fixed thereon driven gears 98 and respectively. Said gears adapted to engage, through openings provided in cover 44, the driving pinions iii and 92 fixed, respectively, on countershafts 33 and 84, mounted on top of said removable cover. l and 3. See also Figs. ll and 12. This arrangement adapts said countershafts $3 and 94, respectively, to have mutilated gear connection with the said driving shafts 45 and 46, whereby an alternate.

I and. intermittent motion is transmitted to the said respective sprocket-barrel shafts.

'On cross shaft 54 there is fixed, between the respective miter gears '5 and 53, a cam ifii having opposed lugs iilla and Itib thereon. Said cam Sill is adapted to be in operative contact with the rod 3? positioned on the front wall 32a. See Figs. 1 and 6.

The film feeding and timing mechanism of films I5 and iii are alike, and only the progress of one film will be described in detail, and the same reference numerals applied to the other with the addition of the letter a. The action of the device will be described when used as a camera, with lamp housings removed and projection openings l and closed by adapting projection shutters i9 and 29 to be used as closures, as shown in Figs. 5 and 15. To transfer the device from a camera to a projector it is only necessary to attach the lamp housings A and B and substitute the projection lens 3t, Fig. 7, for the camera lens 5 and 6.

Referring to Fig. 4 the conventional type of film reel I62 is disposed on stud pin Hi3 journaled in wall 554 of reel housing Hi5 suspended below bed i. A locking device 595 is pivoted on roof of the housing Hi5 to hold film-feed reel #02 in place and to apply suilicient tension thereto to hold film it taut. A removable cover M33 is adapted to be fitted to open side of housing 35 to make same light proof. Duplicates of removable cover 5E8 are provided for the four reel housings. The film i l wound onreel i972 enters dark chamber 2i through a, projection of covered film guide 9, Figs. 4 and 16, extending below bed I and into reel housing i 85 through a slot W542 provided in roof of reel housing. The sensitised film passes upwardly through the covered film guide 9 and through th focal plane at exposure opening 57.

See Figs. 5 16. The film passes out of the film guide and, still in the dark chamber, engages with the sprocket teeth on barrel ill disposed on underside of cover l t. Figs. 3 and l. A covered way its is provided between end of film guide 9 and the sprocket barrel 9? to guard the sensitised film i l from any light flashes proceeding from the camera lens l. The film i4 after engaging the sprocket teeth on barrel 5? passes out of dark chamber by slot HQ provided in remov- I able cover is. Figs. 1 and i. The film is held in place on teeth of sprocket barrelfil by rollers at, $2 Fig. 3. The film then passes through a covered way i 52 and enters upper reel housing H3 through floor il by slot I l lo in said floor. Figs; 4 and i l. The open side of reel housing I it is adapted to be closed, made light proof, by duplicate removable cover ifiil. The reel housing iii-i is positioned above cover id and removably fastened on floor il i, the reel housing is supported by legs I, f and g, g, resting on bed I and made integral therewith. See Figs. 13 and 14.

The exposed film is progressively taken up on reel H5 mounted on stud H5 journaled on wall it? of reelhousing H3. The stud pin H6 is driven by tie pulley 5 53 on the drive shaft a5 and the elastic belt H9 passing over the pulley I28 1 fixed on an extension ill of stud pin Iii: on out- .side of wall ill" of reel housing H3. The elastic beit'iiii is crossed to revolve reel H5 in proper direction. A duplicate of pulley H8 may be fixed on an extension of sprocket barrel shaft 93, not illustrated, and elastic belt iii? may be attached to the pulley on shaft 83 in preference to the policy on main driving shaft. See Fig.;4. ,..Also

Figs. 13 and 14. Film 14 is held under steady tension between film feed sprocket barrel 91 and the upper take-up reel 5 I5 by the pull of said reel and the said film is held under similar tension between the film feed barrel and lower feed reel the pull of the sprocket teeth on said barrel and the resistance of said lower reel. The tension of film i l above and below film feed barrel 9? is thus equalized and there is no appreciable wear on the film by the pull of the said sprocket teeth. This action is made possible through the elimination of loops on the said film. The film moves in a straight rigid line from the lower to the upper reel except for the necessary diversion to wind partly around the film feed sprocket barrel 37.. This arrangement also allows elimination of pulley and belt generally relied on to actuate the film feed reel.

For projection the process is the same with the substitution of processed films and a projection lens, and the lamp housings.

Having described the construction of my invention I will now describe its operation. This invention operates substantially the same whether used as a camera ora projector. When operated as a camera front wall 32a, carrying camera lens 28 is inserted in vertical grooves 3i-3I. Fig. 5. The lens 28 may have as an integral part of same an automatic shutter 35gprovided with a trigger 36 to actuate same. Fig. 6. Or a separate shutter with a trigger may be independently attached to wall 32c. Or other means of timing light exposure than that described and illustrated may be employed. The front wall 32a has also disposed thereon a reciprocating rod 3'! adapted to depress trigger 35.

Duplicate sensitised films M and I5 are threaded in the devise in the manner already described. The lamp housings A and B, Fig. 13, are removed. Figs. 5 and 14. The outside shutters l9 and 2E, respectively, are detached from their respective links l1 and 78 and the shutters disposed to act as closures for the projection orifices d and 5 located in the respective parallel walls '2 and 3. In Fig. 5 shutters I9 and 2B are shown with their link attachments removed, as they are in this instance adapted to act as closures to prevent light from entering the dark chamber 2? except through the camera lens 28. In Fig. 15 projection shutter l9, disposed on the outside of parallel wall 2, is shown in more detail as being adapted to act as a closure for the projection opening 5. The shutter is shown as being detached from arm ii, and projection opening 4 is shown as hidden behind the opaque portion of of parallel wall 3, not illustrated, is adapted in the same manner to act as a closure for projection opening 5. V

Assuming parallel drive shafts E-dt to be revolving continuously and film it about to move into exposure position. ,As frame I on film I4 enters exposure position at exposure opening I! of covered film guide 9 (Fig. 16) the impact point of earn 6% on shaft d5 impinges on shoulder on hub E53 of shutter arm 53 and swings arm 5d forward, holding it positively in this position. Link TIE connects shutter arm 59 with upward extending arm '55 on alined shaft 68 in dark chamher 277., Figs. 1 and 5. Upward extending arms l-i on alined shaft 5% connect by links 39-30, respectively, with shutters IQa-Zfia on inside of parallel walls 2-3. Figs. 5 and 9. In Fig. 9 the illustration shows shutter 20a disposed on the in:

side of parallel wall 3. Shutter l9a, not illustrated, occupies a similar position on the inside of parallel wall 2. When shutter 26a is in exposure position shutter lila is in inter-posing position, and vice versa. When impact of cam 6'? on hub should-er 6'5 brings shutter arm 59 into forward position, link 76 and upward extending arm 15 act to swing alined shaft 63 forward and upward extending arm l3 swings shutter l9a to its forward position, and opening 25a in shutter l9a is brought into registering position with exposure opening ll of covered film guide 9 on parallel wall 2. Fig. 16. At the same time shutter 20a is also brought forward by arm 74 and into interposing position at exposure opening IS on parallel wall 3. When shutter arm 59 is impelled to its forward position link 32, in connection with pivot pin 8| fixed on the periphery of oscillating disk l-li, swings the said disk and also post H2 and prism E43 around a prearranged distance, so that side l43d of prism faces exposure positioned film M at exposure opening ll of channel guide 9, on vertical parallel wall 2, and side i432) of prism faces camera lens 23. By forward movement of shutter arm 59 opening 25a of shutter l9a is also brought into registering position with exposure positioned film i4.

lVIeanWhile countershaft 83 on removable cover 44 is driven intermittently by the mutilated pinion 8'! engaging the cooperating drive gear 89 fixed on parallel drive shaft 45. Countershaft 83 has also fixed thereon pinion 91 which engages and drives gear 39 fixed on shaft 93 positioned on underside of removable cover 44. Shaft 93 has also fixed thereon sprocket barrel 91. Figs. 1 and 3. See also Figs. 11 and 12.

Pinion ill on countershaft 83 is supplied with the concave lug 870.. Frame No. l on film [4 reaches exposure position at the moment drive gear 89 completes a half-turn, and lug 81a is then brought to bear against the periphery 39a of mutilated drive gear 89, which holds the countershaft 83 stationary during the halfrevolu'tion of drive gear 89 on shaft 45. Fig. 3.

The sprocket teeth on barrel 91 engage with perforations in film M (Fig. 4) and when drive shaft 45 makes the first half of a complete revolution film i4 is moved upward for the distance of one frame. This action brings frame I on film i4 into registering position with exposure opening ii of covered film guide 9, and also into registering position with opening 25a of shutter l9a. Figs. and 16. At the end of the half revolution of shafts 45 and 4t concave lug 81a releases contact with the periphery 89a of mutilated drive gear Eli and the respective gears 81 and 89 engage to revolve countershaft 83 during the next half turn of the drive shafts. Fig. 3. While film i4 is held in exposure position the duplicate mechanism driven by parallel drive shaft 46 is bringing frame No. 2 on companion film I5 into its exposure position, the film movement shielded by the opaque portion of shutter 20a. Figs. 3 and 5. At the same time cam 61 releases contact with shoulder 65, and impact point of cam 66 immediately impinges on shoulder 64, and shutter arm 59 and shutters I30. and 200. are moved to their rear position. Figs. 1, 2 and 5. This action brings shutter i9a into interposing position and shutter 20a into registering position. See Figs. 5 and 9.

When shutter arm 59 moves to its rear position links 16 and 82 cause oscillating disk I to swing around so that face [43a of prism I43 faces camera lens 28, and face i43b of the prism faces exposure positioned film l5. As frame 2 on companion film iii moves into exposure position frame i on film l4 moves upward to make place for frame 3, the movements of both frame 1 and frame 3 shielded by the opaque portion of shutter ida, which has moved to its rear position. At the same time shutter 20a has also moved to its rear position, which brings opening 25a of shutter 260. into registering position with frame No. 2 on film i5 and also with exposure opening id of covered film guide W on parallel wall 3. See Figs. 5 and 9. The respective films i4 and 55 are alternately exposed to light from objects to be photographed in front of camera lens 28. The rays of light are transversely deflected to the respective films by the oscillating prism M3, through the respective exposure openings ii and i8. Fig. 5. Reciproeating rod 31, in operative relation to trigger 36 on lens shutter 35 and cam itl on cross shaft 54, regulates the time exposure of light to the respective films when the cam li depresses rod 3?, which in turn depresses trigger 33 thereby operating lens shutter 35. Rod 33' is held in contact with cam lill by coiled spring Fig. 6. When film l4, shutter 33a and oscillating disk l4! have been brought to complete rest within dark chamber 21, during the first half of a full revolution of shafts 45 and 45, cam l3! on shaft 54 is adapted to operate with a slightly delayed action in respect to the film shutter movement. This removes any danger of movement during the exposure period. Lug iiila of cam iEH depresses reciprocating rod 31 and said rod, in turn, depresses trigger 35 of lens shutter 35 and light which is released from objects in front of lens 23 is transversely deflected to exposure positioned film M by oscillating prism I43. When film l5 has reached exposure position lug lilib similarly releases light to said film. Figs 5 and 6. The sensitised films are threaded in the device with the emulsions facing each other, and for projection purposes care must be taken that the processed films are rethreaded in the same manner. Good practice would indicate that disinguishing marks should be punched in the films, to designate the right and left film. In the standard motion picture camera, operating at speeds from approximately sixteen frames per second to approximately twenty-four frames per second no addition to the mechanism of the conventional camera film shutter has been found necessary, to regulate the exposure of light to the sensitised films. It is obvious that with my camera, described herein, operating at a speed approximating four frames per second, a regulation of the light flashes, in addition to the film shutters with their long exposure periods, must be provided. The novel adaptation of a lens shutter, described above, meets the requirements.

When photographing of the scene has been accomplished the exposed film is taken out and developed. The films are then rethreaded through the device, care being taken that frame No. 2 on the second film follows frame No. I on the first film. Upward extending arms H and F2 are reconnected by links I? and i8 with the respective projection shutters l9 and 2D. Lamp housings A and B are attached to the respective parallel walls 2 and 3. Front Wall 32a with camera lens 23 and rod 31 is removed. Front wall 32, equipped with projection lens 34 is inserted in opposed vertical grooves 353-30. Projection can then proceed by operating the device aaeacao- 11 in exactly the same manner.- as when being used as a camera. If the device is used only as a camera the respective openings, variously called projection openings, projection orifices and projection apertures would still be a. necessary part of the apparatus; they might then be properly called focusing apertures.

The novel arrangement; of the films, with the emulsions facing each other and with the oscillating reflecting device located in the focal field between the films requires a focusing procedure in variance to the conventional method. The film channel-guides being empty, strips of ground film are placed therein, positioned so their surfaces are outlined in the focusing apertures.

The object tobe photographed or, preferably, a large, vividly col-cred picture is placed at a suitable distance from the camera and illuminatcd by photo-floodlights, or other illuminants.

Thelens tube is directed at the picture and the picture is transversely projected by the prism to the ground film in one aperture: the picture is properly alined, and focused until sharp and clear preferably observed through a strong glass. A half turn of the driving rod swings the prism around andthe picture is seen on. the ground film. in the companion. aperture. Adjusting mechanism is provided which is adapted to swing the circular disk I around until the picture is alined equallyin both, apertures.

The camera still has another use for the apertures, after the ground film has been removed and the sensitised. filminserted.

As has been explained each film is actuated by its own independent. sprocket. barrel. frames on the respective sensitized films, after threading, do not register and aline exactly with the respective apertures, when photographing, the discrepancy, when; projecting, would be magnified many times, and would. render the picture worthless. the apertures, may be corrected by adjusting the mechanism. Closures may then be applied to the apeittures'and the photographing proceed.

It. is. obvious that. one skilled in the art, having possession of an operating; model of this invention, could insert a lens tube in the device adapted to. be used for taking and projecting. motion pictures and provided with a lens commen to both operations. No change would berequ-i-red in the mechanism. of the invention. The lens shutter could be adapted. to remain open and the. reciprocating device made; inoperative during projection. The lamp. housings could remain in place at alltimes, unless it Were desired to remove them to decrease bulkiness during transportation. For studio work, where the device was to. remain, stationary, the lamp housings could be built as. an integral part of the apparatus. During use as a camera. the. darkened lamp housings would provide a sufiicient closure for the projection apertures; additional closures could be provided, if desired. There would be no addition of. parts, or elimination of parts,.in transferring from camera to projector, or' vice versa. The advantage of a self-contained. combination, as described herein, is obvious. '7

I therefore claim theright to take and project motion pictures in the combination by using a lens common to both operations, in the manner as. provided, in the claims. The drawings and description. contain all the information necessary to. adaptthe device-to-this purpose.

In the conventional. method of motion picture If the Any discrepancy, observed through.

1:2 projection, with one film, the cut-off blade of the shutter hides the second picture which'is being moved. into projection position, while the chemicalchange (after image) of the first picture persists in the eye. The cut-off blade of the shutteralso cuts off the light during this interruption period and the screen is dark, though not visibly so, during the process of substituting the second picture for the first one.

The problem of the overlapping chemical changes, of making a perfect fusion of the succeeoling images on the screen, in spite of the dark period and the interruption during substitution, has been the problem of those skilled in the art since motion pictures were first introduced.

That peculiarity of the eye, persistence of vision, while it has made motion picture projection possible, did not make perfect fusion possible without the introduction of many mechanical refinements whicharestill in the process of being applied.

In the applicants combination there is no dark period during projection. The image of the second picture is waiting on the screen, in full light, while the chemical change of the first. picture is persisting in the eye.

When the after-image of the first picture dissolvesthere is such perfect fusionwith the image of the second picture, waiting in; full view on the screen, that it approximates the normal observation of motion.

There can be no overlapping chemical changes. There is no possibility of flicker, distortion or jerky movement. During projection with the combination there is an ease and comfort experienced in the eyes and senses. of the observer that is never experienced in viewing the conventional method of projection.

It is obvious that with the method of projection provided in the combination the image of the second picture must remain at rest on the screen until the: chemical change of the first picture has been completed, and perfect fusion with the image of the second. picture accomplished.

The longer rest period and slower motion of films in the combination is thus permitted and required. Perfect fusion may be accomplished,

ininany cases, by projecting the images on the screen at a speed approximating two frames per second.

For every complete revolution of the driving shafts in the combination one film is first light and then. dark, and the companion film is first dark. and then light. When one film is light, that is, in projection position and at rest, the companion film is moving up, behind the opaque portion of its shutter, to its projection position. At the moment of reaching projection position the shutters instantaneously switch. The picture being projected is shut off and proceeds to move away, behind its shutter, and the new image from the companion fil-min exposure position for the period of time that. the revolving drive shafts consume in. making half a revolution. If the shaft revolves at the speed of one revolution per second, an. image from each film is projected on the screen in that time, or two frames per second.

When the. combination is used as a motion picture camera, however, there is not the limit to the speed of the films, as in later projection of the pictures taken.

The. pictures should be taken with as slow a motion of the camera mechanism as will give, in

projection, a perfect illusion of motion. It is obvious that by the installation of the lens shutter in the camera and by the elimination of the period of darkness on the screen during projection, a. freedom of action is accomplished in the device not lsnown in any motion picture apparatus now in use. The camera may operate at slow or fast taking speeds without regard to the effect of the light exposure on the sensitized films. The projector may throw images of the pictures on the screen, in alternate succession, as slow as desired without regard to the conventional methods of projection, and short of complete stoppage of the driving shaft, and still present the illusion of motion.

I claim:

1. Means for photographing views on a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving films and means for actuating said films, the combination comprising a bed, a casing with a front orifice adapted to contain a lens tube with lens and shutter inserted therein, said shutter adapted to have a trigger attached thereto and releasing and interposing means adapted to admit and exclude light to said films, respectively; a reciprocating rod movably disposed on said front wall inoperative contact with said trigger and extending to the top of said Wall, a cam, with opposed lugs thereon fixed On a cross shaft located in bearings on top of said casing, the resp-ective lugs on said cam caused to be in operative contact, alternately, with the said rod, the contact of the said rod with the said shutter trigger causing the said lens shutter to open lor a predetermined exposure period for regulating the admission of light from objects in front of said lens tube to said casing; means, including actuating means for transversely defiecting light, alternat-ely, to said respective films, said deflecting means adapted to be in axial alinement with said lens tube and said exposure-positioned films, and adapted to operate in synchronous accord with said films, respectively, and said respective releasing and interposing means and said reciprocating member comprising a prism or reflector mounted on a circular surface so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis; vertical channel guides on said respective side Walls of said casing adapted for the threading of films through said device and adapted to exclude light from said films except at exposure openings respectively provided therein; focusing apertures in axial alinement with said exposure openings and adapted to be fitted with closures when not in use; whereby objects in front or" said lens tube by cooperative agreement between the said films and the said film shutters and the said lens shutter and the said oscillating reflecting device are photographed on said films in alternate sequence, thereby adapting the images of the pictures on said films, after processing, to be alternately projected on a screen and the said films to be threaded in a suitable projection device.

2. Means for projecting the images of pictures on a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving films, means for actuating said films, means for alternately projecting the images from said films through the said device to a projection surface thereby producing the illustion of motion comprising a moving picture combination having a bed, a casing with parallel side Walls and with front wall and cover removably attached there to, an orifice in said front wall adapted to have a lens tube inserted therein; projection apertures in said casing in axial alinement with each other and with the said lens; releasing and interposing means on said respective side walls adapted to admit and exclude light to said films, respectively, comprising shutters with openings adapted to re ister with the said respective projection apertures, only one opening at a time adapted to be in a registering position and means for actuating said shutters; means, including actuating means for transversely reflecting light, within said casing, from said respective films to said lens, and to a screen, said reflecting means consisting of a prism or reflector mounted on a circular surface in axial alinement with said lens tube and said respective projection apertures so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis; means for transversely projecting light through the said respective projection apertures and said lens tube comprising lamp housings adapted to be disposed on said respective side walls of said casing, with light means therein, the rays from said respective light means adapted to be coaxial and adapted to be transversely deflected, alternately, by said oscillating reflecting device, through said lens tube to a screen.

3. Means for photographing scenes on a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving films, means for actuating said films comprising a moving picture combination having a bed, a casing, an orifice in the front wall of said casing adapted to have a lens tube inserted therein; releasing and interposing means in said casing adapted to admit and exclude light to said films, respectively, comprising film shutters with openings adapted to register with the said respective exposure orifices, only one opening at a time adapted to be in a registering position, and means for actuating said shutters; means for regulating the admission of light from objects in front of said lens tube to said respective films independent of said releasing and interposing means comprising a, lens shutter attached to said lens tube, a trigger thereon, a reciprocating rod movably disposed on said front wall in operative relation to said trigger and extending to the top of said wall, a cam, with opposed lugs thereon fixed on a cross shaft located in bearings on top of the said casing, the respective lugs on said cam caused to be in operative contact, alternately, with the said rod, the said rod adapted to be reciprocated twice by the said cam for ever complete revolution of the driving shaft of the apparatus, the contact of said rod with the said shutter trigger causing the said lens shutter to open and admit light for a predetermined exposure period to a sensitised film, by transverse reflection, and the second reciprocation of said rod causes the light to be exposed, in a manner similar to the first reciprocation, to the said exposure-positioned companion film and means for actuating said cross shaft; means for transversely deflecting light, alternately, from objects in front of said lens tube to said respective films comprising a prism or reflector mounted on a circular surface, or disc, in axial alinement with said lens tube and said respective exposure openings so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis and means for oscillating the prism or reflector in synchronism with the alternate and intermittent motion of the respective films, together with the cooperative action of the respective film shutters and the said lens shutter; and means for guiding said films through said casing without exposure to light except at coaxial exposure openings respectively provided therein, whereby objects in front of said lens, by cooperative agreement between the said films and the said fihn shutters and the said; lens shutter and the said'oscillating reflecting device are. photographed on said films in alternate sequence.

4'. Means for photographing objects on: a phi-- rality of alternately and intermittently moving films, means for actuating, said films comprising a moving picture combination having a bed, a casing with parallel side wallsand with front wall and cover removably attached thereto, said casing; when closed, adapted to. provide a dark chamher for the device; an orifice'in said front wall adapted to have a lens tube inserted therein; coaxial focusing apertures in. said respective side walls, with closure means when not in use; covered channel guides on said respective side walls having opposed internal. grooves therein adapted to guide said films, respectively, through the focal plane and adapted to exclude light. from said films except at coaxial exposure openings respectively provided therein; releasing and interposing means on said respective side walls adaptedto admit and exclude light to. said films, respectively, comprising film shutters with openings adapted to register with the said respective exposure ori fices, only one opening at a time; adapted to be in a registering position and means. for actuating said shutters; means for regulating the admission of light. through said lens tubeto said respective films independent of said releasing and interposing means comprising. a; lens shutter, a trigger attached thereto, a reciprocating rod adapted to be in operative contact with said trigger, a cross shaft on top of. said. casing, and at the front thereof, a cam thereon with opposed lugs, said lugs adapted to be in actuating contact, alternately, with said rod, and means for actuating said cross shaft; means, including actuating means for transversely deflecting light, alternately, in a predetermined direction Within said casing comprising a prism or reflector mounted so as to a be capable of oscillating about an axis and means for oscillating the prism or reflector in suitable synchroni'sm with the alternate and intermittent motion of the respective films together with the cooperative action of therespective film shutters and the said lens shutter whereby objects in front of said lens. tube, by cooperative agreement between the said films and the said film shutters and the said lens shutter and the said reciprocat ing member and the said oscillating reflecting device are photographed on said fil'msin alternate sequence, thereby adapting the said films, after processing, to be rethreaded through a suitable projection device, so that the images of the piotures on said films may be alternately projected K on a screen to produce the illusion of motion.

5. Means for photographing views on a plurality 0f alternately and intermittently moving films, means for actuating said films comprising a moving picture combination having a bed, a casing with parallel side walls and with front wall and cover remcvably attached thereto, an orifice in said front wall adapted to have a lens tube inserted therein; means, including actuating means for transversely deflecting light, alternately, in a predetermined direction Within said cas ing comprising a prism or reflector mounted so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis and means for oscillating the. prism or reflector in synchronism with the alternate and intermittent motion of the respective films and with the cooperative action of the. respective. film shutters and the said lens shutter means for blocking and admittin rays of light to said respective films said means consisting of independent film shuttom disposed, respectively, on said respective parallel walls, said shutters being provided with openings adapted to register with the respective when in exposure. position, only one. opening at a time. adapted to be in a registering position; means for regulating and timing the admission of light through said lens tube to said. respective films: independent of the said respective. film shutter movements comprising a lens shutter and trigger, a reciprocating rod adapted to be in operative contact with said trigger, across shaft, a cam with opposed lugs thereon disposed on said cross shaft, said lugs adapted to be in operative contact, alternately, with said rod, and means for actuating said cross shaft, the action of the said cam so adjusted that the dwell of the respec tive films, the respective shutters and the said oscillating reflecting surface is partly completed in each instance, before the said cam is adapted to depress the said reciprocating rod; covered channel guides, respectively, on said parallel walls having opposed internal grooves therein adapted to guide said films, respectively, through the focal plane. and adapted to exclude light from said films except at coaxial exposure openings provided therein whereby objects in front of said lens, by cooperative agreement between the films and film shutters and the said lens shutter and the said reciprocating member and the said oscillating reflecting device are photographed on said films in alternate sequence, thereby adapting the said device to accomplish photographing at a plurality of predetermined speeds and also with a plurality of selectively reduced speeds, thereby adapting the images of the pictures on the said respective films to be projected through a suitable projection device with the illusion of motion at selectively reduced speeds and thereby films produced by the said camera are adapted to be projected through the said projection device at a reduced consumption in film footage to coordinate with the said reduction in speed.

6. Means for photographing views on a plurality of films adapted to move alternately and intermittently through the. focal plane of the apparatus, means for actuating said films comprising a moving picture combination having a bed, a casing with parallel side walls and with front Wall and cover removably attached thereto, an orifice in said front Wall adapted to have a lens tube inserted therein, a lens shutter adapted. to be attached thereto with a trigger thereon; means for blocking and admitting rays of light to said respective films consisting of independent film shutters disposed, respectively, on said respective parallel walls, means for operating the respective film shutters in combination and in cooperative movement with the respective films, the oscillating reflecting device and the said lens shutter comprising a driving shaft on said removable cover adapted to have fixed thereon, at, the rear thereof, a manually operated. crank, a companion shaft, adapted to be parallel to said crank operated shaft and to the right thereof, said parallel shafts extendin lengthwise of and rotatably mounted, respectively, in bearings on said removable cover andhaving secured thereon intermittent gears which are adapted to engage other gears respectively fixed on countershaits, said countershaits adapted to be rotatably mounted in bearings on the said. removable cover so that intermittent motion is adapted to be imparted to the. said countershaltswhen the re-; spective parallel drive shafts are rotated; miter gears of identical ratio fixed, respectively, to the contiguous front ends of said parallel drive shafts, said gear, respectively, adapted to engage similar gear, of like ratio, disposed on the respective ends of a cross shaft similarly resting in bearings on said removable cover, and means for actuating said driving shafts; means adapted to regulate and time the admission of light through said lens tube to said respective exposure openings comprising a lens shutter and trigger, a reciprocating rod in actuating contact with said trigger, a cross shaft, a cam with opposed lugs thereon disposed on said cross shaft and adapted to be in operative contact with said rod, the action of said cam so adjusted that the dwell of the respective films, the respective shutters and the said oscillating reflecting surface is adapted to be partly coinpleted in each instance before the said cam is caused to depress the said reciprocating rod, and means for actuating said cross shaft; means, including actuating means for transversely deflecting light, alternately, from objects in front of said lens tube to said respective films comprising a prism or reflector mounted on a circular surface or disk, in axial alinement with said lens tube and said respective exposure openings, so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis and means for oscillating the prism or reflector in suitable synchronism with the alternate and intermittent motion of the respective films together with the cooperative action of the respective film shutters and the said lens shutter; covered channel guides, respectively, on said parallel walls adapted to guide said films, respectively, through the focal plane and adapted to exclude light from said films except at coaxial exposure openings provided therein; and means for actuating the said respective shutters, the respective films, the reciprocating member and the oscillating reflecting means in synchronous accord whereby objects in front of said lens, by cooperative agreement between the said films and film shutters, the said reciprocating member and the said oscillating reflecting means are photographed on said films in alternating sequence, thereby producing films which are adapted to be threaded through a suitable projection device and projected to give the illusion of motion.

7. A combined camera and projector for taking moving pictures on and projecting them from a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving whereby the device is adapted to accomplish photographing and projecting of motion pictures at a plurality of predetermined speeds and a plurality of selectively reduced speeds, in a manner not known and in a manner not used or known in any known combination of moving picture camera and projector and at slower speeds than now accomplished or known in any conventional or known type of moving icture camera and projector comprising a casing, a lens system at the front thereof adapted for both taking and projecting the pictures with lens common to both operations, a shutter and ger on said lens system adapted to be reninactive when not in use; means for adapting said lens shutter to open and admit light, for a predetermined exposure period, to said films ependent of said blocking and releasing means consisting of a reciprocating member positioned on the front wall of said casing whose lower end is adapted to be in operative contact with said trig"er and whose upper end is in actuating contact with a cam having opposed lugs thereon, said cam being disposed on a cross shaft located in bearings on the top of said casing, the respective lugs on said cam caused to be in operative contact, alternately, with the said rod, the said rod adapted to be reciprocated twice by the said cam for every complete revolution of the driving shaft of the apparatus, the contact of the said rod with the said shutter trigger causing the said lens shutter to open and admit light, for a predetermined exposure period, to a sensitised film by transverse reflection, and the second reciprocation of the said rod causes the said light to be exposed, in a manner similar to the first reciprocation, to the said exposure-positioned companion film means for actuating the said cross shaft; an oscillating reflecting means within said casing adapted to receive light from objects in front of said lens and transversely project said light, in alternate sequence, to said respective films or alternately receive light from said respective films and transversely project said light through said lens to a projection surface comprising a prism or reflector mounted on a circular surface in axial alinement with said lens tube and said respective exposure openings so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis and means for oscillating the prism or reflector in synchronisrn with the alternate and intermittent motion of the respective films together with the cooperative action of the respective film shutters and the said lens shutter; projection apertures in the walls of said casing adapted to be coaxial with each other and with the said. oscillating refleeting means and provided with closures when not in use; means for intermittently moving the respective films through the focal plane within said casing without exposure to light except at coaxial exposure openings, said exposure openings adapted to be in axial alineinent with the said projection apertures so that the said films can alternately receive rays of light from objects in front of the said lens system or project light through the lens system; means for transversely projecting light through said respective projection apertures and said lens system comprising lamp housings adapted to be disposed, respectively, on means therein, the rays from said respective light means adapted to be coaxial with each other and with said projection apertures and adapted to be transversely deflected, alternately, by said oscillating reflecting means through said lens system to a screen or projection surface; means for blocking and releasing rays of light to said re spective films comprising film shutters with openings adapted to register with the said exposure-positioned films, only one opening at a time adapted to be in a registering position and means for actuating the respective films and the oscillating reflecting means and the said blocking and releasing means and the said lens shutter in synchronous accord whereby objects in front of said lens, by cooperative agreement between the said films and film shutters and the said reciprocating member and the said oscillating refiecting device are photogra lied on said films in alternating sequence and whereby the images of the pictures on said films, after processing and rethreading of said films, are adapted to be projected, in alternating sequence on a screen, thereby producing the illusion of motion.

8. A combined camera and projector for taking moving pictures on and projecting them from a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving films comprising a casing, a lens system at the front thereof for taking or projecting the the outside of said casing with light.

1 contact with said e, a reciprocating member in trigger, a care with opposed lugs thereon disposed on .a cross shaft, said lugs adapted to be inoperative contact, al-

ternately, with said reciprocating member and said cam adapted to be rendered inoperative when not in use and means ior actuating said cross shaft; an oscillating reflecting means with in said casing adapted to receive light from objects in front of said lens a ject said. light, alternately, to said or alternately receive light films and project said light a projection surface; walls of said casing each other and ing means and the saidlens witlrclosures W en not in use; for mov nd transversely prorespective films from said respective through said lens to projection apertures in the adapted to be coaxial with with the said oscillating reflectsystem and provided the respectivefilms, alternately, through the focal plane .in said casing so that the said films can receive rays of light from objects in front of the said lens or be adapted to project light the said lens light through said respective and said lens syste adapted to be disposed ,on

casing with light means therein,

through ,means for transversely projecting projection apertures comprising lamp housings the outside of said the rays from saidrespective lightmeans adapted tolbe coaxial and adapted to nately,

be transver by said oscillatin through said lens system-to a screen or surface; of light to said respective lating the system independentof said sely deflected, alterg reflecting means projection ,means for blocking and releasing rays films, means for admission of light through said lens blocking and releasing means and means for actuating the said 1' ciprocatingniember, the blocking and releasing means, the respective films and the oscillati reflecting ,means inv synchronous accord -.whereby the combination is adapted to accomplish the photographing and ,pr at a plurality of rality of selectively reduced notknown and operative coordination with predetermined in a manner not speeds and a pluspeeds, ina manner speeds than in conventional motion picture camthe projector, in cothe camera action,

projects the films produced by that portion of the device devoted to camera action at a reduction in speed and'thereby is adapted to project motion pictures at a reduction in film footage in comparison with the known or conventional type of combined camera and ,9. In a motion picture camera the combination with a case-containing mechanism plurality of alternately and log films, a front-lens to actuate a intermittently inovsystem supplied with shutter andtrigger, a reciprocating rod movably disposedon said front wall in said trigger and extending wall, a cam a cross shaft located in bea casing, the respective lugs operative relation to to the top of said with opposed lugs thereon fixed on rings on top of :said on said cam caused tobein actuating contact, alternately, with the said rod, the

twice by the said cam said rod adapted to be :recijorocated for every complete revolution of the driving shaft of the apparatus, the

contact of the said rod wi trigger causing the said lens admit light for a predetermi th the said shutter shutter to open and ned exposure period,

, flee-tor in ,synchronism with of said lens, byzcooperativ camera, thereby adapting independent of said releasing and interposing means, to a sensitised film by transversereflectionand the second reciprocation of the said rod causes thelight to be exposed, in a. manner similar to the first reciprocation to the said expcsure-positionedcompanion film and means for actuating the said cross shaft; means for transversely deflecting light, alternately, from objects infront of the said lens tube to said respective films comprising a prism or reflector mounted on a circular surfacein axial alinement with the saidlenstube and asaidrcspective exposure openings so as to be capable-of oscillating about an axis and means for oscillating the prism or rethe alternate and intermittent motion of the respective films, together with the cooperative action of the respective film shutters and the said lens shutter; releasing and-interposing means within said casing adaptedto admit and exclude light to said fihnsrespectiuely, comprising film shutters with openings adapted ,to register with the said respective films, only-one opening at a time adapted to be in a registering position; channel guides within said case adapted to direct the respective films through the focal plane and means for actuatingthe said reciprocating member therespective films and the oscillating reflecting means in synchronous accord-whereby objects in front agreement between said films and film shutters and the said reciprocatingmember and-thesaid oscillating reflecting device are photographed on said films in-alternate sequence'thereby adapting the said device to accomplish photographing at plurality of predetermined speeds and also with a plurality of selectively-reduced speeds and at slower speedsthannowzaccomplished, or known, in the conventional or known type of motion picture the images of the pi tures on the said films-to be projected, with the illusion of motion, in as-uitable projection apparatus at selectively reduced speeds, to coordinate with-the speeds at which the said films were produced hylthe camera action, at slower speeds than now accomplished, or known, in the conventional or known type of motion picture projection device, whereby the said films are adaed to be projected at a reduced consumption .infilm footage to cordinate with the said reduction in speed.

10. In a motion picture device the combination with mechanism adapted to actuate a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving films, and means for actuating said mechanism, a system of shutters adapted to block and release hghttosaid respective films, and means for actuating said shutters, a closed casing with a front lens system therein supplied with shutter and tri-ggena reciprocating member whose lower end is adapted to be in operative contact with said trigger and whose upper end is in actuating contact with acam, said can"; being disposed on a cross shaft, and .means for actuating said cross shaft; anoscillatingreflecting means within said casing adapted .to transversely deflect light, in alternate sequence, -from objects in front of said lens to the said respective means for actuating the sai respective shutters, the reciprocating member, the respective films and the oscillating reflecting means in synchronous accord, whereby objects in front of said lens, by cooperative agreement between the said films and film shutters and the said reciprocating member and the said oscillating reflecting :de-

21' vice are photographed on said films in alternate sequence.

11. In a motion picture device the combination with a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving films, mechanism to actuate said films and means to actuate said mechanism, a system of shutters adapted to block and release light to said films, and means for actuating said shutters, a casing with a front lens system therein, an oscillating reflecting means within said casing adapted to transversely deflect light, in alternate sequence, from said respective films through said lens system to a projection surface, and means for actuating said reflecting means, projection apertures in the respective side walls of said casing adapted to be in axial alinement with each other and with the said oscillating reflecting means; lamp housings disposed, respectively, on the side walls of said casing with light means therein, rays from said light means adapted to be coaxial and adapted to be in alinement with said respective projection apertures and said oscillating reflecting means, and means for actuating the said respective shutters, the respective films and the oscillating reflecting means in synchronous accord, whereby light rays from said respective lamp housings are adapted to be transversely deflected, alternately, through said films and said lens system to a projection surface whereby images of the pictures on the said films are adapted to be alternately projected to a screen thereby producing the illusion of motion.

12. In a combined motion picture camera and projector the combination with a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving films and a film actuating mechanism, a casing containing a front lens organization mounted therein with lens shutter and trigger attached thereto, means for adapting said lens shutter to open and admit light, for a predetermined exposure period, to said films independent of said respective film shutters and said shutter adapted to be rendered inoperative when not in use; a reciprocating member adapted to be in operative contact with said trigger and adapted to be actuated by a cam with opposed lugs thereon, disposed on a cross shaft and means for actuating said cross shaft; projection apertures in the respective side walls of said casing adapted to be in axial alinement with each other and with said lens and provided with closures when not in use; an oscillating reflecting means within said casing in axial alinement with said respective projection apertures and said lens adapted to receive light from objects in front of said lens and transversely project said light, alternately, to said respective films, or alternately receive light from said respective films and project said light through said lens to a screen and means to actuate said reflecting means; channel guides adapted to exclude light from said films except at exposure openings respectively provided therein, said exposure openings adapted to be in axial alinement with said projection apertures and said lens; film shutters adapted to block and release light to said respective films and means to actuate said shutters and means to admit light to said respective films for a predetermined exposure period independent of said blocking and releasing means; lamp housings disposed, respectively, on the side walls of said casing with light means therein, rays from said light means adapted to be coaxial and adapted to be in alinement with said respective projection apertures and said oscillating reflecting means and means for actuating the said respective shutters, the respective films, the reciprocating member and the oscillating reflecting means in synchronous accord, whereby objects in front or said lens, by cooperative agreement with the said films and film shutters and the said reciprocating member and the said oscillating reflecting means are photographed on said films in alternate sequence, or whereby the light rays from said respective lamp housings are adapted to be transversely deflected, in alternate sequence, through said lens system to a projection surface whereby the combination is adapted to accomplish photographing and projecting of motion pictures at a plurality of predetermined speeds and a plurality of selectively reduced speeds in a manner not known and in a manner not used 01' known in any known combination of moving picture camera and projector, and at slower speeds than now accomplished, or known, in any conventional or known type of combined motion picture camera and projector, whereby the projector of the application, in cooperative coordination with the camera action, projeots the films produced by that portion of the device devoted to camera action at a reduction in speed and thereby is adapted to project motion pictures at a reduction in film footage in comparison to the results produced by the known or conventional type of combined motion picture camera and projector.

13. A camera for taking motion pictures on a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving films the combination adapted to accomplish photographing at a plurality of predetermined. speeds and also with a plurality of selectively reduced speeds comprising a film actuating mechanism, a closed casing, a system of lenses at the front thereof for taking the pictures said 18115 system having a lens shutter and trigger disposed thereon; releasing and interposing means in said casing comprising film shutters with openings to ad-- it and exclude light to said respective films, only one opening at a time adapted to be in a registering position, and means for actuating said shutters; the said films adapted to receive rays of light, alternately, from objects in front of the lens system; a reciprocating member adapted to be in operative contact with the trigger of said lens shutter for regulating the admission of light, for a predetermined exposure period, from objects in front of the said lens system to the said films, independent of said film shutters; a cam with opposed lugs thereon, disposed on a cross shaft, said lugs adapted to be in actuating contact, alternately, with said reciprocating member and means for actuating said cross shaft; means, including actuating means, for transversel Y deflecting light, alternately, to said respective films, consisting of an oscillating reflecting surface, or mirror, said mirror adapted to be in the focal plane of the said lens system and disposed so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis, and means for actuating the said respective shutters, the respective films, the reciprocating member and the oscillating reflecting means in synchronous accord,

whereby objects in front 01" said lens, by cooperative agreement between the said films and film shutters the said reciprocating member and the said oscillating reflecting means are photographed on said films in alternate sequence whereby the images of the pictures on the said respective films are adapted to be projected in a suitable projection device with the illusion of motion and at slower speeds than now known or used in any known or conventional type of projection 23 device, to accord with the said slower speeds of the film produced by the said camera device.

.14. In a motion picture device theconihination with mechanism i to actuate a plurality of alternately and i termittently moving films and means for act-u ting mechanism, a systo block and release light t'em oi shutters to said res-pg e t'l ly, provided with opening with the only one opre" stering adapted to for i'n'staizit si tl'on to into shutters, respectiveadapted to register wire-aositioned time adapted to be in a said 'espe'ct'ive shutters "iuously at rest, except eti 1g said shuttezs; closed casll; lens sy here supplied with pting said lens light, for a predeten ed, to said films independent ective filrn shutters consisting of a member siti'oned on front Wall i said casing wl' ose lower end adapted to be in operative co; act with said trigger and whose upper end is actuating contact with 0.. having opposed lugs thereon, said cam being i on a cross shaft, and means for actuating said cross shaft 1 an ating re; eating means within said casing adap' d to transversely deflect ii'giit, in alternate seqi ice, from objects in front of is s to the respective films comp-rising a prism renector mounted on a circular face, or disk, in axial alinement with said lens tube said respective exposure openings so as to be capable of oscillating about an adapted to remain cor. inually at rest, ex"- cept for instantaneous movements so as to be caused to register, successively, with the said alternately exposed films, and means for oscillating the p n, or reflector, in synchrcnism with intermittent motion of the respective films. together with the cooperative ac tier of the respective fihn s -=.tters and the said lens shutter; and means for guiding the said respective films through the focal field Within .said casing without exposure to except at coaxial exposure ope s respectively provided therein, whereby objects in front of said lens, by cooperative agreem nt between the said films and the said film shutters and the said lens shutter and the said oscillating reflecting device are photographed films alternate sequence, thereby adapting the said device to produce films which, after process ng, may be threaded through a su "able projection device for the purpose of producing the illusion of motion.

15. A moti n picture combination adapted to have a plurality of alternately and intermittent- 1:; moving processed films threaded through the device and means for actuating said films com prising a bed, a casing with an orifice in the front wall adapted to have a lens tube inserted therein; releasing and interposing means in said casing to admit and exclude light from said resp'ec'fve to said lens system comprising film shutters with openings adapted to register with the said e"posure-pos"ioncd only one opening at time adapted to be in a registering position and for actuating said shutters; projection apertures in the respective side walls of said casing, adapted to be coaxial with each other and in said lens tube; lamp housings ronrovably attached to the respective side walls of other and with the said respective projection apertures and adapted to project the images of the pictures on said films, alternately, to oscillating reflecting device; means for transversely projecting light, alternately, from the respective films through the said lens tube to a screen comprising a prism or reflector mounted on a circular surface, or disk, so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis, and in axial aline merit with said lens tube and the light rays from said respective lamp housings and means for oscillating the prism or reflector in synchronisrn with the alternate and intermittent motion of the respective films, together with the cooperative action of the respective film shutters wherels'y images of the pictures on the respective films, by cooperative agreement between the said films and the said film shutters and the oscillating refiecting device are adapted to be alternate- 3 P ojected on a screen, thereby producing the illusion of motion.

1 6. A motion picture combination adapted to have a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving processed films threaded through the device and means for ctuating said films comprising a bed, a casing with an orifice in the front wall adapted to have a lens tube inserted therein; releasing and interposing means in said casing adapted to admit and exclude light from said respective films to said lens system, and to a screen comprising film shutters with openings adapted to register with the said exposure positioned films, only one opening at a time adapted to be in a registering position and means for actuating said shutters; projection apertures in the respective side walls of said casing, adapted to be coaxial with each other and with said lens tube; lamp housings removably attached to the respective side walls of said casing, with light means therein, rays from said light means adapted to be coaxial with each other and with the said respective projection apertures and adapted to project the images of the pictures on said films, alternately, to the Said oscillating reflecting device, and to a screen; means for transversely projecting light, alternately, from said respective films through said lens tube to a screen comprising a prism or reflector mounted on a circular surface, or disk, so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis, and in axial alinement with said lens tube and the light rays from said respective lamp housings and means for oscillating the prism or reflector in synchronism with the alternate and intermittent motion of the respective films, together with the cooperative action of the respective film shutters whereby images or" the pictures on the respective films, by cooperative action between the said films and the said film shutters and the said oscillating reflecting device are adapted to be a1- ternately projected on a screen, the said shutters being adapted to release one ray of light to the screen the moment the companion ray of light is obscured, thereby eliminating any period of darkness between projection periods, whereby the said images are adapted to present the illusion of motion by being projected at reduced speed, in comparison to the convent onal or known method of projection, thereby adapting projection to proceed at an obviously reduced consumption of film footage per second.

17. Means for photographing scenes on a plurallty or alternatei'y and intermittently moving films, means for actuating said films comprising a moving picture combination having a bed, a casing, an orifice in the front wall of said casingadapted to have a lens tube inserted therein; releasing and interposing means in said casing adapted to admit and exclude light to said films, respectively, comprising film shutters with openings adapted to register with the said respective exposure orifices, only one opening at a time adapted to be in registering position and means for actuating said shutters; means for regulating the admission or light from objects in front of said lens tube to said respective films independent of said releasing and interposing means comprising a lens shutter attached to said lens tube, a trigger thereon, a reciprocating rod movably disposed on said front wall in operative relation to said trigger and extending to the top of said wall, a cam, with opposed lugs thereon fixed on a cross shaft located in hearings on top of said casing, the respective lugs on said cam caused to be in operative contact, alternately, with the said rod, the said rod adapted to be reciprocated twice by the said cam for every complete revolution of the driving shaft of the apparatus, the contact or the said rod with the said shutter trigger causing the said lens shutter to open and admit light for a predetermined exposure period to a sensitized film by transverse reflection, and the second reciprocation of said rod causes the said light to be exposed, in a manner similar to the first reciprocation, to the said exposure-positioned companion film and means for actuating the said cross shaft; means for transversely deflecting light, alternately, from objects in front of said lens tube to said respective films comprising a prism or reflector mounted on a circular surface, or disk, in axial alinement with said lens tube and said respective exposure openings so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis and means for oscillating the prism or reflector in synchronism with the alternate and intermittent motion of the respective films, together with the cooperative action of the respective film shutters and the said lens shutter; and means for guiding the said films through the said casing without exposure to light except at coaxial exposure openings respectively provided therein; whereby objects in front of said lens, by cooperative agreement between the said films and the said film shutters and the said lens shutter and the said reciprocating member and the said oscillating reflecting device are photographed on said films in alternative sequence thereby adapting the said device to accomplish photographing at a plurality of predetermined speeds and also with a plurality of selectively reduced speeds thereby adapting the images of the pictures on the said films to be projected, with the illusion of motion, in a, suitable projection apparatus at selectively reduced speeds and at slower speeds than now accomplished, or known, in the conventional or known type of projection devices.

18. A motion picture combination adapted to have a plurality of alternately and intermittently moving processed films threaded through the device and means for actuating the said films comprising a bed, a casing with an orifice in the front wall adapted to have a lens tube inserted therein; releasing and interposing means in said casing adapted to admit and exclude light from said respective films to said lens system, and to a screen comprising film shutters with openings adapted to register with the said exposure-positioned films, only one opening at a time adapted to be in a registering position; said shutters adapted to remain continually at rest, except for instantaneous movements from registering position to interposing position, and vice versa and means for actuating said shutters; projection apertures in the respective side walls of said casing adapted to be coaxial with each other and with said lens tube; lamp housings removably attached to the respective side walls of said casing, with light means therein, rays from said light means adapted to be coaxial with each other and with the said respective projection apertures, the said shutters adapted to release one light ray to the screen the moment the companion light ray is obscured, thereby eliminating any period of darkness between projection intervals, the rays from said light means adapted to project the images of the pictures on said films, alternately, to the said oscillating reflecting device, and to a screen; means for transversely projecting light, alternately, from said respective films through said lens system to a screen comprising a prism or refiector mounted on a circular surface, or disk, so as to be capable of oscillating about an axis, and in axial alinernent with said lens tube and the light rays from said respective lamp housings and means for oscillating the prism or reflector in synchronism with the alternate and intermittent motion of the respective films, together with the cooperative action of the respective film shutters whereby images of the pictures on the respective films, by cooperative action between the said films and the said film shutters and the said oscillating reflecting device are adapted to be alternately projected on a screen, whereby the said images are caused to present the illusion of motion by being projected at selectively reduced speeds, and thereby the said device is adapted to project motion pictures at a reduced consumption of film footage to coordinate with the said reduction in speed.

CARL WALDEYER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS

Images