US2457717A - Engine cooling, cylinder, jacket, and head construction - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 28, 1948. c. F. PERVIER ENGINE COOLING, CYLINDER,

JACKET AND HEAD CONSTRUCTION 2 Sheets-Shet 1 Filed Feb. 15. 1946 INVENTOR Charles flan/r H er IIIVAV/ I ll/ll/flllll!!! ATTORNEY I Dec. 28, 1948.

AND CONSTRUCTION Filed Feb. 15, 1946 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 9 i 2 m a 5 Z W Z t r w n a w u a a WW Q m m l I A L. 7 2 9 3 ,3 6 2 Z Patented Dec. 28, 1948 ENGINE COOLING, CYLINDER, JACKET, AND new CONSTRUCTION Charles Frank Pervier, Port Washington, Wis., assignor to Harriischfeger Corporation, Milwaukee, Wis., a corporation oi Wisconsin Application February 15, 1946, Serial No. 647,819 9 Claims. (Cl. 123-173) This invention relates to internal combustion engine construction and resides more specifically in an assembly including a jacketed internal combustion engine cylinder with ortvithout air admission ports such as to adapt thesame for two cycle engine operation and a jacketed head, the entire assembly being so constructed as topermit its withdrawal as a unit from a crank and cylinder supporting frame to facilitate repair or replacement of parts.

Among the objects or this invention is to provide an engine construction in which a cylinder and associated head and cooling jacketing may be withdrawn as av unit without disturbing the remaining structure of the engine so as to permit repair or replacement of parts otherwise accessible only by major dismantling;

Another object of the invention is to provide an engine construction in which a separately removable cylinder assembly is' held in a crank and cylinder supporting frame adapted to act not only as a support but also as an air .box for maintaining air under pressure in position to enter air inlet ports in said cylinder.

Another object of the invention is to provide an engine construction in which a crank and cylinder supporting frame so engages a removable cylinder assembly as to provide an air box adjacent said cylinder assembly and a crankcase compartment below the same with a dividing partition wall between said air box and crankcase compartment, which partition wall serves as a cooling water access channel joined with cooling jacketing surrounding said cylinder assembly.

This invention is herein described by reference to the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof and in which there is set'forth by way of illustration and not of limitation one form in which an engine may be constructed in accordance with this invention.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is an end view in elevation and partly in section of one form of engine constructed in accordance with this invention; and

Fig. 2 is an end view in elevation and in section of a fragment of the engine shown in Fig. 1 so enlarged as to more clearly depict the details of the cylinder assembly shown therein, the same being shown with the piston removed.

As shown in the drawings the form of the engine of this invention there depicted is provided with a main crank and a cylinder supporting frame designated generally by the numeral I which is made up of a lower crank shaft supporting portion 2 and an upwardly extending cylinder supporting portion comprising interconnected side panels 3 and 4 which rise to and connect with an integrally formed .head seat portion or entablature 5. The head seat 5 is vertically bored to receive the cylinder head portions of cylinder assemblies to be described in greater detail hereinafter.

Between the crank shaft supporting portion 2 and the upwardly extending panels 3 and 4 the frame I is provided with a horizontal chambered partition portion 6 which is bored in alignment with the bores in the head seats 5 so as to receive the lower ends of cylinder barrels of cylinder assemblies inserted through said head seat openings. The partition member 6 serves to divide the main frame I into a lower crankcase chamber completed by a pan 1 and an upper air box portion 8. The partition member 6 further is chambered to provide coolant passages 9 adjacent the lower ends of inserted cylinder barrels and communicating with a, gallery ID to provide access for coolant liquid.

Inserted within the bores in the entablature 5 and extending downwardly through the bores in the partition 6 are cylinder assemblies made up of a head portion II threadingly attached to the upper end of a tubularcylinder barrel l2 as shown more clearly in Fig. 2.

The cylinder barrel I2 is provided with a central belt or zone of substantially increased thickness l3 through which a plurality of upwardly and tangentially inclined air inlet openings I! pass. The air inlet openings II are spaced apart sufflciently to permit vertically bored passages L5 to be formed between them on the exterior of the barrel I2 so as to provide passages for the transference of coolant fluid vertically through the zone l3.

Extending upwardly from the upper rim of the zone l3 to the lower part of the head i l is a coolant jacket I6 formed of thin sheet material and secured at its lower end to the zone 13 by brazing. The upper end of the jacket I6 is provided with a rolled bead ll adapted to engage and compress a resilient gasket l8 formed of rubber or rubberlike material reposing in a groove l9 formed in the lower part of head II. In this way a fluid tight joint is formed between the head I l and the upper end of jacket l6.

Extending downwardly from the zone l3 and.

port ring or gland 2| having gasket engaging; shoulders 22 and 23. Gasket shoulder 22 bearsv astral? against a rubber-like gasket 24 held on the upper surface of partition 6 while the shoulder 23 bears against a rubber-like gasket 25 held in a notch formed in part by a chamfered surface adjacent the bore in the lower part of the partition 6.

The ring 2| is ported radially i1. its lower part at .26 and vertically in its uppe" a rt at 21 so as to permit communication between the chamber 9 and the interior of the jacket 20. In this way way a separable fluid tight connection between the lower end of the cylinder assembly and the chamber 9 is provided,

As appears more clearly in Fig. 1 head it is provided with a series of peripherally spaced upwardly inclined coolant passages 28 extending inwardly from communication with the space enclosed by the jacket to join with the several interconnected coolant chambers .29, 30, 3! and 32 formed in the head H. The coolant passages in the head H in turn communicate with bypass connections 33 formed as a part of the head H to provide a free connection not shown with coolant chambers 34 formed in the head seat 5.

By reason of the several interconnected passages and chambers above described coolant fluid supplied through the gallery in after passing through the chamber 9 and ports 26 and 21 enters the space surrounding the barrel l2 enclosed by the jacket 20. Such fluid then is transferred through the passages I5 to the space enclosed by the jacket to surrounding the upper part of the barrel l2. From thence fluid passes through openings 28 into the chambers within the head H and from thence through the bypass passages 33 as indicated by dotted lines in Figure 2 into the chambers 34 in the head seat 5. From the chamber 34 fluid escapes through the cooling tube 36 from whence it is gathered by means not shown for delivery to a radiator or other medium for removal of heat.

As appears more clearly in Fig. 1 an exhaust passage 31 is formed in the head ll back of a valve 38 and this exhaust passage registers with a corresponding passage 39 formed in the head seat 5 which in turn communicates with exhaust manifold 40.

From the foregoing description it will be apparent that the cylinder barrel I2 and associated head and jacketing form a unitary assembly which may be inserted as such in the main frame I and if desired, withdrawn therefrom as a unit. Provision is made for holding the cylinder assembly in place by means of a plurality of hold down bolts 4|, one of which appears in Fig. 1.

Mounted upon the head I I is a rocker arm support 42 carrying a rocker arm 43 arranged to act upon the stem of the valve 38, the latter being surrounded by valve spring 44. A fuel injector 45 is carried as shown in the head II in position to discharge fuel downwardly and laterally between the top of piston 46 and the bottom of valve 38.

Secured to panel 4 opposite an opening therein provided therefor is a positive displacement blower 41 adapted to supply air under pressure into the space or air box 8 surrounding the cylinder barrel l2.

In operation, air supplied to the air box 8 by the blower 41 passes forcibly through the air inlet openings !4 into the space above the piston 46 when the latter is in its lowermost position. At the same time valve 38 is maintained in open position in accordance with well known practice so that the spent charge is exhausted and a replacement charge of air enters the cylinder.

The compression stroke takes place in normal fashion followed by injection of fuel and expansion of the working charge in the cylinder during the working stroke.

By reason of the arrangement above described, when it becomes necessary to perform any repair or replacement work in connection with the cylinder head and the cylinder barrel and its associated parts it is simply necessary to remove the bolts 4| and parts auxiliary to the head H, such as push rod 48, whereupon the entire assembly may be withdrawn as a unit. 'At the same time, the lower bearing cap on the connecting rod 49 may be released by access through hand holes not shown in the crank shaft chamber 2. In this way the piston 46 and rod 49 may also be removed upwardly through the main frame I is desired.

Head II by reason of 'its threaded attachment to the barrel l2 and by reason of the engagement of the upper end of jacket [6 with the gasket IB may be removed from the cylinder barrel I2, thus facilitating work that may be required upon the barrel l2 or the head II. In case a user experiences failure of a major part of the cylinder barrel assembly it. is feasible for him to remove the same as a unit and return it to the factory for exchange or replacement of an identical unit which may be supplied and replaced in the engine with a minimum of delay.

I claim:

1. In an internal combustion engine a main crank and cylinder supporting frame having a lower crank shaft supporting and enclosing portion and an upper cylinder supporting portion terminating at its upper end in a cylinder head seat, a chambered partition wall. disposed between said upper and lower frame portions, said head seat and said chambered partition wall having aligned cylinder receiving openings therein; a head and cylinder assembly disposed in and extending through and held by said aligned openings in-said head seat and said chambered partition wall, said head and cylinder assembly comprising a head portion having a coolant chamber therein, a cylinder barrel portion separably united with said head portion, and a coolant jacket surrounding said cylinder barrel portion providing a closed coolant containing chamber surrounding said cylinder barrel extending from the lower end thereof to said head portion, fluid conveying means disposed within said head seat portion joined with and providing egress for coolant from the coolant chamber in said head; and a coolant admission chamber in said chambered partition wall joined with and providing an entrance for coolant into the lower end of said jacket.

2. In an internal combustion engine a main crank and cylinder supporting frame having a lower crank shaft supporting and enclosing portion and an upper cylinder supporting portion comprising spaced enclosing members adapted to provide an air box terminating at their upper ends in a cylinder head seat and at their lower ends in a chambered partition wall dividing said air box from a crank shaft enclosing chamber within said crank shaft supporting portion, said cylinder head seat and said chambered partition wall having aligned cylinder receivin openings therein; a head and cylinder assembly disposed in and extending through and held by said aligned openings in said cylinder head seat and said chambered partition wall, said head and cylinder assembly comprising a head portion having a coolant chamber therein a cylinder barrel portion separably united with said head portion a coolant jacket surrounding said cylinder barrel portion providing a closed coolant containing chamber surrounding said cylinder barrel and extending from the lower end thereof to said head portion; fluid conveying means disposed within said head seat portion providing egress for coolant from the coolant chamber in said head; and a coolant admission chamber in said partition wall joined with and providing an entrance for coolant into the lower end of said jacket.

3. In an internal combustion engine a main crank and cylinder supporting frame having a lower crank shaft supporting and enclosing portion and an upper cylinder supporting portion comprising spaced enclosing members adapted to provide an air box terminating at their upper ends in a cylinderhead seat and at their lower ends in a chambered partition wall dividing said air box from a crank shaft enclosing chamber within said crank shaft supporting portion, said cylinderhead seat and said chambered partition wall having aligned cylinder receiving openings therein; a head and cylinder assembly disposed in and extending through and held by said aligned openings in said cylinder-head seat and said chambered partition wall, said head and cylinder assembly comprising a head portion having a coolant chamber therein, a cylinder barrel portion having a medially disposed belt of air admission ports separably united with said head portion, an upper coolant jacket surrounding said cylinder barrel between said air admission belt and said head, a lower coolant jacket surrounding said cylinder barrel'between said air admission belt and the lower end of said barrel, transfer passages through said air admission belt joining said upper and lower jackets to form a closed coolant retaining chamber surrounding said cylinder barrel and extending from the lower end thereof to said head; fluid conveying means disposed within said head seat portion joined with and providing egress for coolant from the coolant chamber in said head; and a coolant admission chamber in said chambered partition wall joined with and providing an entrance for coolant into the lower end of said lower jacket.

4. In a two-cycle reciprocating internal combustion engine having a crank shaft, a connecting rod and a piston adapted for reciprocation in a cylinder the combination comprising a crank shaft and cylinder supporting frame including a lower crank shaft support and an upper cylinder supporting air box having sides, top and bottom; said air box having aligned openings in the top and bottom thereof for admitting and supporting a cylinder; a cylinder extending through and laterally held by said aligned openings and having medially disposed air admission ports within said air box; a head for said cylinder removably anchored to and engaging the top of said air box to'provide the sole anchorage against vertical movement for said cylinder; means for introducing air into said air box; and means in said cylinder head for permitting exhaust of gasses to be released from said cylinder.

5. In a two-cycle internal combustion engine having a crank shaft, a connecting rod and a piston adapted for reciprocation in a cylinder the combination comprising a crank shaft and cylinder supporting frame including a lower crank shaft support and an upper cylinder supporting air box having sides, top and bottom; said air box having aligned openings in the top and bottom thereof for admitting and supporting a cylinder; a removable cylinder extending through and laterally held by said aligned openings and having medially disposed air admission ports within said air box; a head for said cylinder held in the top of said air box; means for introducing air into said air box; means in said cylinder head for permitting exhaust or gasses to be released from said cylinder; a coolant jacket mounted on said cylinder extending from the lower part thereof in communication with a coolant passage in said head; a coolant passage in the bottom of said air box in communication with the lower end of said coolant jacket; and a coolant passage in the top of said air box in communication with the coolant passage in said head.

6. In a two-cycle reciprocating internal combustion engine having a crank shaft, a connecting rod and a piston adapted for reciprocation in a cylinder the combination comprising an integrally formed crank shaft and cylinder supporting frame including a lower crank shaftsupport and an upper cylinder supporting air box having sides, top and bottom; said air box having aligned openings in the top and bottom thereof for admitting and supporting a cylinder; a cylinder extending through and laterally held by said aligned openings and having medially disposed air admission ports within said air box; a head for said cylinder removably anchored to and engaging the top of said air box to provide the principal anchorage against vertical movement for said cylinder; means for introducing air into said air box and means in said cylinder head for permitting exhaust of gasses to be released from said cylinder.

7. In a replaceable cylinder assembly for an internal combustion engine having a main crank shaft and cylinder supporting frame the combination comprising a tubular cylinder barrel having a medial externally disposed air port zone of increased thickness, spaced air admission ports passing radially through said zone, an upper coolant jacket united with the upper part of said air port zone and extending upwardly therefrom to a gasket engaging lip at its upper end, a chambered head threadingly attached to the upper end of said barrel and having a peripheral gasket seat adjacent the asket engaging lip on said upper jacket, a compressible gasket disposed on said gasket seat in compressive engagement with said gasket engaging lip, coolant passages emerging from said head within the confines of said gasket seat and communicating with a chamber in said head, a lower coolant jacket united with and extending downwardly from said air port zone to coolant access openings near the lower end of said cylinder, and transfer channels extending through said air port zone transversely thereof disposed between said air admission ports and joining said upper and lower jackets.

8. In a replaceable cylinder assembly for an internal combustion engine having a main crank shaft and cylinder supporting frame the combination comprising a tubular cylinder barrel, a coolant jacket surrounding the same, a head secured to said barrel sealingly engaging the upper end of said jacket and having coolant passages therein communicating with said jacket, an external peripheral gasket seat surrounding and joined with the lower end of said jacket near the lower end of said barrel, an internal gasket seat supported by said jacket adjacent said barrel and of smaller diameter than said external seat and disposed beneath the same, and coolant passages communicating with said jacket and emerging therefrom between said internal and external gasket seats.

9. In a replaceable cylinder for an internal combustion engine having a main crank shaft presslbly engage a compressible gasket, and coolant passages in said coolant transfer gland communicating with the space enclosed by said Jacket and emerging from said gland between said first and cylinder supporting frame the combination 5 and second named gasket seats.

comprising a tubular cylinder barrel, a coolant Jacket surrounding the same, a head secured to said barrel sealingly engaging the upper end or said Jacket and having coolant passages therein communicating with said Jacket, a coolant transfer gland surrounding the lower end of said barrel and joined with the lower end of said Jacket. a gasket seat adapted to compressibly engage a compressible gasket peripherally disposed in an upper part of said gland, an inwardly disposed peripheral gasket seat disposed below and inwardly of said first named seat adapted to coma. FRANK PERYIER.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,623,639 Setz Apr. 5, 1927 15 1,694,571 West Dec. 11, 1928 1,704,271 West Mar. 5, 1929 2,144,449 Church Jan. 17, 1939

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