US2414947A - Engine governor - Google Patents

Description

mm m, 194% .m. HEINZE 2,414,947

ENGINE GOVERNOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Filed Sept. 18, 1944 INVENTOR. JOHN O. HEINZE lll l-ll'lll-ll MJ ZZZM ATTO R NEYS Jan. 28, 1947. J. o. HEINZE EQNGINE GOVERNOR 2 Sheets-Shut 2 Filed Sept. 18, 1944 INVENTOR.

JOHN 0. HEINZE s Y E N R o T T A Patented Jan. 28, 1947 2,414,947 ENGINE GOVERNOR John 0. Heinze, Syracuse, N. Y., assignor'to Doyle Manufacturing Corporation, Syracuse, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application September 18, 1944, Serial No. 554,625

6 Claims. 1

The invention relates to governors more particularly designed for use in connection with internalcombustion engines and of the type in which the governing action is effected by an electromagnetic torque developed by increase in speed of the engine. The instant invention forms a continuation in part of the subject matter of my former application for patent, Serial No. 474,351, filed February 1, 1943.

It is the primary objectof the invention to obtain an exceedingly simple construction of governor unit which is capable of being directly cOnnected'into the .fuel inlet conduit of an internal combustion engine.

It is afurther object to provide a counteracting force for the elcctromagnetically developed torque which has the same characteristics; in other words, a construction where the curve of increase in resistance corresponds to the curve of increase in electromagnetic torque upon increas in engine speed.

It is a further object to obtain a construction of electromagnetic torque developing means which is highly efficient. With these and other advantages in view the invention consists in the construction as hereinafter set'forth.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a central section through the governor unit on line l-l. Fig. 2;

Fig. 2 is an end elevation viewed from the i right of Fig. 1 and with the closure cap removed;

Fig. '3 is a side elevation;

Fig. 4 is a cross section on line 4-4, Fig. 1; and

Fig. 5 is a view similar to Fig. 2 showing the parts in different position of adjustment.

A is a casing which has a conduit portion B corresponding to the. inlet conduit of an internal combustion engine and provided with flanges C, C for connection into said conduit. Extending on one side of the portion B (to the left, Fig. 1) is an integral cylindrical portion D of the casing for enclosing the electromagnetic mechanism. On the opposite side of the portion D '(to the right, Fig. l) is a substantially cylindrical housing E for enclosing the counteracting resistance mechanism. This portion is normally closed by a cap F which may be quickly removed for access to the mechanism therein. The casing portion D is closed by a removable cap G secured by screws G. This cap has a hub portion (3 containing bearings G for a rotary shaft H. This shaft is in axial alignment with the cylindrical housings D and E and also with the stem I of a butterfly throttle valve J, which latter is located in the conduit portion B.

The electromagnetic torque developing mechanism comprises a bipolar permanent magnet K having a bushin K for mounting the same on the stem I in concentric relation thereto. L is a cylindrical member of soft iron surrounding the magnet K and mounted on a cylinder M of electrically conductive material, such as copper or copper alloy. The cylinder M has at its outer end a head N mounted on the inner end of the shaft H being coupled thereto by a cross pin N. At the inner end of the cylinder L is a ring 0 of electrically conductive material. Thus, whenever rotary motion is imparted to the shaft H, the conductive cylinder M together with the magnetic cylinder L is rotated about the permanent magnet K thereby developing an electromagnetic torque tending to rotate said magnet and the stem 1. This torque increases with increase of rotation of the shaft H but the increase does not follow a straight line curve but diminishes in ratio at higher speeds.

For resisting this electromagnetic torque and for returning the valve J to its open position, I have provided a resistance mechanism of the following construction. is a member mounted on the stem I within the casing portion E and having an outwardl extending arm P which is arranged between spaced parallel wall portions E, E of said casing portion. The member P is also provided with a hub portion P which has secured in sockets therein parallel pins P and P projecting outward therefrom. Q is a bracket within the portion E secured by a screw Q. In the lower portion of this bracket are rotatively mounted two spaced heads R and R which extend outward parallel to the pins P and P. S and S are leaf springs secured respectively to the heads R and R and extending upward therefrom being provided at their upper ends with rounded segments S T is a flexible band having its opposite ends also secured to the heads R and R. and extending upward outside .of the leaf springs S and-S over the segments s and then wrapping around the pins P and P These pins are so positioned with reference to the axis of the stem I that any pull on the flexible band T by outward movement of the springs S and S will rotate the stem I in a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 2. On the other hand, the rotation of the stem I by electromagnetic torque is in an anticlockwise direction, Fig. 2. To tension the springs S and S, the heads R and R. are turned in opposite directions which is accomplished by an adjusting screw U having a threaded engagement with the upper portion of the bracket Q, the hea'd of said screw having a shouldered engagement with fingers R. projecting over the same from the heads R. and R. Thus, when the screw U is turned to move upward, it will rock the heads R and R so as to move the leaf springs S and S oppositely in an outward direction which, in turn, will place tension on the flexible band T. The amount of angular movement of the stem I and butterfly valve J is limited by adjustable stop screws V and V having a threaded engagement with the portions E and E2. These extend into the path of the member P to arrest movement thereof and through it to arrest rotation of the stem and valve. In the normal position of parts where the governor is not in operation, the member P will be to the right (Fig. 2) resting against the stop V. When, however, electromagnetic torque is developed, this will move the member P in an anticlockwise direction until it strikes against the stop V. By adjusting the stops V and V the amount of angular movement may be varied and also the positions of the valve J at the extremes of its movement.

With the construction as described the governor may be installed by coupling the casing A with the inlet conduit of the engine and connecting the shaft H with any suitable drive mechanism actuated by the rotation of the engine. In the normal position of parts where the member P is to the right (Fig. 2) the butterfly valve J will be in fully open position so as not to restrict flow of fuel through the conduit B. As the engine is set in motion and its speed increased, the electromagnetic torque developed by the rotation of the members L and M in relation to the magnet K will rotate the stem ing the latter towards a closing position. This will also move the member P away from the stop V and towards the stop V. In the initial position the pins P and P are arranged in a substantially vertical plane on diametrically opposite sides of the axis of the stem 1. From this position they are moved by rotation of the stem under electromagnetic torque through an angle of substantially 30 before being arrested by the stop V in the position shown in Fig. 2. It is obvious that the lever arms formed by the pins P P are of greatest length in the initial position with respect to their pull upon the flexible band T, while the angular movement of said pins will diminish the effective radial length of said arms during movement towards the stop V. This changes the characteristic curve of the counteracting force to more closely approximate that of the electromagnetic torque thereby securing better governing action.

The governing construction as above described I and throttle valve J movis exceedingly simple and can be manufactured at relatively low cost. In installing it on an engine it is only necessary to connect the casing A to the inlet conduit of the engine and to connect the shaft H through a suitable transmission to some driven part of the engine. The fact that the springs S and S are connected to the pins P and P by a continuous flexible band passing around said pins and between the same permits of automatically equalizing the tension of said springs. Thus, should one spring be of slightly greater tension than the other, the band T will slip on the pins so as to equalize the tension of the two springs and the pull produced by the band on each of the two pins.

What I claim as my invention is:

1. A governor comprising a casing having a fuel passage therethrough and provided with charm bered extensions on diametrically opposite sides thereof, a valve in said passage, a stem for said valve extending into each of said chambers, means located in one of said chambers for developing electromagnetic torque on said valve stem in a direction tending to close the valve, said means having a non-rectilinear curve and including a shaft in line with said stem and adapted to be actuated by a driven part of an engine and a counteracting resistance located in the other of said chambers and connected to said stem for biasing said valve towards open position, said resistance having a non-rectilinear characteristic curve corresponding to the characteristic curve of said electromagnetic torque producing means.

2. A governor comprising a casing having a fuel passage therethrough and provided with chambered extensions on diametrically opposite sides thereof, a valve in said fuel passage, a stem for said valve extending into said chambers, electromagnetic torque producing means in one of said chambers connected to said stem and tending to close said valve, said means having a, nonrectilinear characteristic curve and including a bipolar permanent magnet mounted on said stem, an annular member of magnetic material surrounding said magnet, a cylinder of conductive material on which said annular member is mounted, a shaft in axial alignment with said stem on which one end of said conductive cylinder is mounted, said shaft being adapted for coupling with an engine a ring of electrically conductive material at the opposite end of said cylinder, and resilient counteracting means located in the other of said chambered extensions and connected to said stem for biasing said valve towards open position, said counteracting means having a non-rectilinear characteristic curve approximately corresponding to the curve of said electromagnetic torque producing means.

3. A governor comprising a casing having a fuel passage therethrough and provided with chambered extensions on diametrically opposite sides of said fuel passage, a valve in said fuel passage, a stem for said valve extending into said chambered e'xtensions, electromagnetic torque producing means in the chamber of one of said extensions having a non-rectilinear characteristic curve and including a shaft in axial alignment with said stem driven at a speed proportional to engine speed, a bipolar permanent magnet mounted on said stem, a cylinder of electrically conductive material surrounding said magnet and mounted on said shaft, and an annular member of magnetic material mounted on and surrounding said cylinder, the torque developed being in a direction to close the valve, yieldable resilient resisting means opposed to said electromagnetic torque and having a characteristic curve substantially corresponding to that of said torque producing means, said resistant means being located within the opposite chambered member and comprising crank pins secured to said stem on diametrically opposite sides of the axis thereof, and springs connected to said crank pins to exert a tension thereon counter to that of said electromagnetic torque and at such an angle as to diminish the leverage of the cranks when rotated by said electromagnetic torque.

4. A governor comprising a casing having a fuel passage therethrough and chambered extensions on diametrically opposite sides of said fuel passage, a valve in said fuel passage, a stem for said valve extending into said chambered extensions, electromagnetic torque producing means for rotating said stem in a direction to close said valve, said means having a non-rectilinear characteristic curve and being located in the chamber of one of said extensions and being driven at a speed proportional to engine speed, and counteracting means located in the chamber of the other extension having a characteristic curve substantially corresponding to that of said torque producing .means comprising crank pins connected to said stem on diametrically opposite sides or" the axis thereof, a flexible member extending over and between said crank pins, and springs connected to the opposite ends of said flexible member to exert opposite tensions thereon and in a direction with respect to said pins counter to that produced by said electromagnetic torque whereby the tension on each of the two pins will be equalized and the leverage of the cranks will be diminished during rotation thereof by the electromagnetic torque.

5. A governor comprising a casing having a fuel passage therethrough and chambered extensions on diametrically-opposite sides of said fuel passage, a valve in said fuel passage, a stem for said valve extending into said chambered extensions, electromagnetic torque producing means for rotating said stem in a direction to close said valve,

said means having a, non-rectilinear characteristic curve and being located in the chamber of one of said extensions and being driven at a speed proportional to engine speed, and counteracting means located in the chamber of the other extension having a characteristic curve substantially corresponding to that of said torque producing means comprising crank pins connected to said stem on diametrically opposite sides of the axis thereof, a flexible member extending over and between said crank pins and oppositely outward therefrom, leaf springs connected to the oppo- 'site ends of said flexible member to exert tension thereon in opposite directions and with respect to said pins counter to the direction of said electromagnetic torque, rockable members to which said leaf springs are respectively attached, and adjustment means for rocking said members to vary the tension exerted thereby on said flexible member.

6; A governor comprising a casing having a fuel passage therethrough and chambered extensions on diametrically opposite sides of said fuel passage,-a valve in said fuel passage, a stem for said valve extending into said chambered extensions, electromagnetic torque producing means for rotating said stem in a direction to close said valve, said means having a non-rectilinear characteristic curve and being located in the chamber of one of said extensions and being driven at a speed proportional to engine speed, and counteracting means located in the chamber of the other extension having a. characteristic curve substantially corresponding to that of said torque producing means comprising crank pins connected to said stem on diametrically opposite sides of the axis thereof, a flexible member extending over and between said crank pins and oppositely outward therefrom, leaf springs connected to the opposite ends of said flexible member to exert tension thereon in opposite directions and with respect to said pins counter to the direction of saidelectromagnetic torque, rockable members to which said leaf springs are respectively attached, adjustment means for rocking said members to vary the tension exerted thereby on said flexible member, a member connected to said stem extending radially outward therefrom, and adjustable stops for limiting the rocking movement of said mmeber in opposite directions to correspondingly limit the angular movement of said valve.

JOHN O. HEINZE.

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