US2408466A - Melting magnesium metal and the like - Google Patents
Melting magnesium metal and the like Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2408466A US2408466A US562722A US56272244A US2408466A US 2408466 A US2408466 A US 2408466A US 562722 A US562722 A US 562722A US 56272244 A US56272244 A US 56272244A US 2408466 A US2408466 A US 2408466A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- reservoir
- bath
- molten metal
- metal
- magnesium
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
Links
Images
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22B—PRODUCTION AND REFINING OF METALS; PRETREATMENT OF RAW MATERIALS
- C22B26/00—Obtaining alkali, alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/20—Obtaining alkaline earth metals or magnesium
- C22B26/22—Obtaining magnesium
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
- Y10S266/90—Metal melting furnaces, e.g. cupola type
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S266/00—Metallurgical apparatus
- Y10S266/901—Scrap metal preheating or melting
Definitions
- This invention relates to the melting of magnesium and magnesium base alloys, and has for its object the provision of certain improvements in the melting of magnesium and in the melting,
- magnesium base alloys is customarily carried out at the plant where the magnesium is produced or in plants for refining and alloying magnesium.
- magnesium base alloys are customarily remelted l" and cast in foundries for manufacturing Ystructural and other mechanical articles of the alloy.
- the present invention contemplates an improved apparatus for melting and refining'crude 2 with molten metal and communicates with the elongated molten metal reservoir.
- the apparatus particularly adapted for'remelting clean and puried magnesium base alloys, the
- aforementioned receptacles are unnecessary for with or without refining, of magnesium and its 5 allOYS- Y settling out impurities, and either or both may be
- Magnesium is vcommonly produced by the elecl. used for introducing molten metal into the resertrolysis of a fused bath of magnesium chloride or fect as molten metal is discharged therefrom, or by rreduction of Vmagnesium* oxide.
- the crude othersuitable means may be provided for-such metal is characteristically contaminated with oxintroduction of molten metal into the reservoir; ide, chloride or other impurities which are cus-
- the temperature of the fused salt bath may be tomarily removed by remelting and/or rening controlled to maintain the molten metal in the the molten metal.
- the reiined metal is usually reservo-ir within a predetermined temperature alloyed with other metals to impart desirable Tangehardening and corrosion-resisting qualities there-
- nesium base alloys so used may be mentioned, from the following description taken in conmerely by Way of example, the magnesium-aiserunction with the accompanying drawing, in minum-zinc-manganese alloys containing 0.1 to which the single gure is a side elevation, partly .12% aluminum, none up to 5% zinc, none up to iny section and somewhat diagrammatic, of an 3% manganese, and the balance essentially magapparatus embodying the invention.
- the meltingVV and rening of the crude metal holds a fused salt bath'.
- the bath 6 may be heated by any convenient means but is preferablyheated by one or more pairs of electrodes 7 electrically connected to a suitable source of electricenergy B thro-ugh a thermostatic control device 9 including a pyrometer ID thermally associated with the bath.
- An elongated conduit or molten metal reservoirV I I is submerged in the fused salt bath 6.
- the conduit is in the form of an oval coil extending magnesium and for melting magnesium-base ⁇ al ,-35 from near the top to near the bottom of the bath loys, with or Without refining. In its broad aspect, and is appropriately supported by standards I2.
- the apparatus of the invention comprises an elon- The upper end of the conduit I I communicates gated molten metal reservoir immersed in a fused with the upper end of an enclosed receptacle or salt bath, with means for introducing metal into settling unit I3 completely submerged in thefused the reservoir under conditions inhibiting oxida- Lio ysalt bath.y A second receptacle or settlingunit tion, and with a Valve-controlled discharge for Ul is immersed in the fused salt bath.
- the rethe reservoir the reservoir being so constructed ceptacle I 4 is open at its top, above the level of that in'operation it is iilled with molten metal the bath, and is connected to the receptacle I3' Which flOWS 'by gravity from the point of intro# by a conduit I5 at a level slightly below the comduction thereto to the point of discharge there# munication of the receptacle I3 with the elo-nfrom.
- the apparatus 10211131011- gated conduit II In the form of the apparatus 10211131011- gated conduit II.
- the conduit I5 may advanlarly adapted for use in melting and rehng tageously slope upward from the receptacle I4 crude magnesium, the melted metal iS held in tothe receptacle I3.
- the receptacle Id has ardetwo receptacles immersed Vin the fused salt bath pending drain
- 3 has a.
- One of the receptacles may be open to the atmosphere and the crude metal introduced into the top thereof.
- the other receptacle may be completely enclosed and is lled similar depending drain IAB with a discharge valve i9.
- a heating coil 2o surrounds the lower end of each drain I5 and I8, exteriorly of the bottom of the tank 5, to prevent freezing of the metal and impurities in the drains.
- the lower end of the elongated conduit II communicates with a discharge conduit 2 I having a valve-controlled metal outlet 22.
- and Valve outlet 22 may be heated to prevent freezing of the metal.
- the apparatus illustrated in the drawing is particularly adapted for magnesium refinery operation.
- Molten metal, solid pigs or shapes, scrap, and the like may be advantageously treated in the apparatus to separate therefrom the associated impurities such as particles of salt (cell melt), flux, oxides etc. which may contaminate the crude metal.
- the crude or contaminated metal to be treated for example the pig 23 illustrated inthe drawing, is introduced into the open upper end of the settling unit I4. Solid metal so introduced is melted by the heat of the fused salt bath.
- the impurities, being heavier than the molten magnesium metal settle towards the bottom of the unit I4 and may be removed from time to time through the discharge valve I1 of the drain I6.
- the fused salt bath is thermcstatically controlled to bring the molten metal in the elongated conduit II to the proper casting temperature. This vcan be accurately accomplished in the apparatus of the invention, since the salt bath assures uniform heating of the metal in the conduit within narrow ytemperature limits.
- Purified molten metal is withdrawn from the conduit II, as required for casting, through the outlet 22. Casting may be carried out in sand molds, permanent molds, or the like. Except for the open charging .top of the settling unit I4, the parts of the apparatus holding molten metal are completely enclosed, and the molten metal is effectively protected against oxidation or other contaminating influence.
- the conduit II is at all times completely f1lled with molten metal, and ⁇ the contemplated flow of molten metal through the apparatus results from the action of gravity.
- the elongated conduit or molten m-etal reservoir I I may be made of steel, such as ste-el pipe. Such a metal conduit submerged in the fused salt bath has little tendency to scale, rust, pit or corrode, and hence has a long life.
- the receptacles I3 and I4 and conduit I5 may be made of steel.
- the fused salt bath may be heated in any appropriate manner, the electrodes and associated devices being described and illustrated merely by way of example. Thus, electric resistance units, submerged pipes through which hot gases pass, etc. may be substituted for the electrodes.
- the invention while particularly adapted for treating magnesium and alloys thereof, may be employed with advantage in treating other easily oxidized metals.
- An apparatus of the character described comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a fused bath without communication between the interior' of said reservoir and the material of said bath, means operatively associated with said bath for maintaining the molten metal in the reservoir within a predetermined temperature range, a valve controlled discharge means operatively connected to one end of said reservoir, and means operatively associated with the other end of said reservoir for introducing molten metal into the reservoir when molten metal is discharged from the reservoir.
- An apparatus of the character described comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in e. fused bath without communication between the interior or said reservoir ⁇ and the material of said bath, a settling unit submerged in said bath and communicating near its upper end with one end of said reservoir and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, a Valve controlled discharge means for the other end of said reservoir, and means for heating said bath.
- An apparatus of the character described comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a fused bath without communication between the interior of said reservoir and the material of said bath, a settling unit submerged in said bath and communicating near its upper end with one end of said reservoir and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, a valve controlled discharge means for the other end of said reservoir, said reservoir being so constructed that in operation it is filled with molten metal which flows by gravity from the end communicating with said settling unit to said discharge means, and means operatively associated with said bath for heating the same and maintaining the molten metal in said reservoir within a predetermined temperature range.
- An apparatus of the character described comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a fused bath without communication between the interior of said reservoir and the material of said bath, a settling unit submerged in said bath and communicating near its upper end with one end of said reservoir and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, a second settling unit open at its top and for the most part submerged in said bath and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, said settling units communicating with on-e another intermediate their ends, a Valve controlled discharge means for the other end of said reservoir, and means for heating said bath.
- An apparatus of the character described comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a fused bath without communication between the interior of said reservoir and the Ymaterial of said bath, a settling unit submerged in said bath and communicating near its upper end with one end of said reservoir and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, a second settling unit open at its top and for the most part submerged in said bath and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, a valve discharge means for the other end of said reservoir, said settling units communicating with one another intermediate their ends ⁇ and below the communication of said reservoir with the first mentioned settling unit, said reservoir being so constructed that in operation it is iilled with molten metal which flows by gravity from the end communicating with said first mentioned settling unit to said discharge means, and means for heating said bath.
- An apparatus for melting an easily oxidized metal comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a fused Ibath without COmmunication between the interior of said reservoir and the material of said bath, onevend of said reservoir being adapted to receive molten metal melted rby the heat of said bath, and a Valve-controlled discharge means for the other end of said reservoir, said reservoir being so inclined that molten metal owstherethrough by gravity.
- An apparatus for melting an easily oxidized metal comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a rfused bath withoutcommunication between the 10
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Geology (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- General Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Manufacture And Refinement Of Metals (AREA)
- Vertical, Hearth, Or Arc Furnaces (AREA)
Description
Oct. l, 1946. E. c. LYoNS MELTING MAGNESIUM METAL AND THE LIKE Filed Nov. 9, 1944 INVENTOR.
BY- @IMA gi-W 17km; 1% l I v A-rToRNEYs Patented Oct. 1, 1946 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE y Y 1 Y:nuit-,466
MEL'rING mGNEsIUt/ i' METAL AND 'T-HE LIKE Ellis C.'Lyons, Boulder City, Nev., assigner, by mesne assignments, to Reconstruction Finance Y Corporation, a corporation of theUnited Statesl 'Application November 9, 1944, serial No. A562,722
7 Claims. (C1. 266-33) This invention relates to the melting of magnesium and magnesium base alloys, and has for its object the provision of certain improvements in the melting of magnesium and in the melting,
and the production of .magnesium base alloys is customarily carried out at the plant where the magnesium is produced or in plants for refining and alloying magnesium. On the other hand,
magnesium base alloys are customarily remelted l" and cast in foundries for manufacturing Ystructural and other mechanical articles of the alloy. The present invention contemplates an improved apparatus for melting and refining'crude 2 with molten metal and communicates with the elongated molten metal reservoir. In the form of the apparatus particularly adapted for'remelting clean and puried magnesium base alloys, the
aforementioned receptacles are unnecessary for with or without refining, of magnesium and its 5 allOYS- Y settling out impurities, and either or both may be Magnesium is vcommonly produced by the elecl. used for introducing molten metal into the resertrolysis of a fused bath of magnesium chloride or Voir as molten metal is discharged therefrom, or by rreduction of Vmagnesium* oxide. The crude othersuitable means may be provided for-such metal is characteristically contaminated with oxintroduction of molten metal into the reservoir; ide, chloride or other impurities which are cus- The temperature of the fused salt bath may be tomarily removed by remelting and/or rening controlled to maintain the molten metal in the the molten metal. The reiined metal is usually reservo-ir within a predetermined temperature alloyed with other metals to impart desirable Tangehardening and corrosion-resisting qualities there- The foregoing and other novel features of the to for structural and other mechanical and cominvention which I believe to be patenta'ble are mercial uses, as, for example, in the automotive set forth in thev appended claims. The prinand aircraft industries. Among the many magciples of the invention will be best understood nesium base alloys so used may be mentioned, from the following description taken in conmerely by Way of example, the magnesium-alujunction with the accompanying drawing, in minum-zinc-manganese alloys containing 0.1 to which the single gure is a side elevation, partly .12% aluminum, none up to 5% zinc, none up to iny section and somewhat diagrammatic, of an 3% manganese, and the balance essentially magapparatus embodying the invention. nsium- Y f Y `Referring to the drawing, an insulated tank 5 The meltingVV and rening of the crude metal holds a fused salt bath'. The bath 6 may be heated by any convenient means but is preferablyheated by one or more pairs of electrodes 7 electrically connected to a suitable source of electricenergy B thro-ugh a thermostatic control device 9 including a pyrometer ID thermally associated with the bath.
An elongated conduit or molten metal reservoirV I I is submerged in the fused salt bath 6. The conduit is in the form of an oval coil extending magnesium and for melting magnesium-base `al ,-35 from near the top to near the bottom of the bath loys, with or Without refining. In its broad aspect, and is appropriately supported by standards I2. the apparatus of the invention comprises an elon- The upper end of the conduit I I communicates gated molten metal reservoir immersed in a fused with the upper end of an enclosed receptacle or salt bath, with means for introducing metal into settling unit I3 completely submerged in thefused the reservoir under conditions inhibiting oxida- Lio ysalt bath.y A second receptacle or settlingunit tion, and with a Valve-controlled discharge for Ul is immersed in the fused salt bath. The rethe reservoir, the reservoir being so constructed ceptacle I 4 is open at its top, above the level of that in'operation it is iilled with molten metal the bath, and is connected to the receptacle I3' Which flOWS 'by gravity from the point of intro# by a conduit I5 at a level slightly below the comduction thereto to the point of discharge there# munication of the receptacle I3 with the elo-nfrom. In the form of the apparatus 10211131011- gated conduit II. The conduit I5 may advanlarly adapted for use in melting and rehng tageously slope upward from the receptacle I4 crude magnesium, the melted metal iS held in tothe receptacle I3. The receptacle Id has ardetwo receptacles immersed Vin the fused salt bath pending drain |5 with a, discharge valve :1 a1; and communicating with each other beneath the the bottom. thereof The receptacle |3 has a.
molten metal level, and in' which impurities are` permitted to settle out. One of the receptacles may be open to the atmosphere and the crude metal introduced into the top thereof. The other receptacle may be completely enclosed and is lled similar depending drain IAB with a discharge valve i9. A heating coil 2o surrounds the lower end of each drain I5 and I8, exteriorly of the bottom of the tank 5, to prevent freezing of the metal and impurities in the drains. The lower end of the elongated conduit II communicates with a discharge conduit 2 I having a valve-controlled metal outlet 22. The conduit 2| and Valve outlet 22 may be heated to prevent freezing of the metal.
The apparatus illustrated in the drawing is particularly adapted for magnesium refinery operation. Molten metal, solid pigs or shapes, scrap, and the like may be advantageously treated in the apparatus to separate therefrom the associated impurities such as particles of salt (cell melt), flux, oxides etc. which may contaminate the crude metal. The crude or contaminated metal to be treated, for example the pig 23 illustrated inthe drawing, is introduced into the open upper end of the settling unit I4. Solid metal so introduced is melted by the heat of the fused salt bath. The impurities, being heavier than the molten magnesium metal, settle towards the bottom of the unit I4 and may be removed from time to time through the discharge valve I1 of the drain I6. Further settling of impurities takes place in the settling unit I3 and may be removed from time to time through the discharge valve I 9 of the drain I8. Substantially pure metal-is delivered from near the top of the settling unit I3 lto the elongated conduit Il.
The fused salt bath is thermcstatically controlled to bring the molten metal in the elongated conduit II to the proper casting temperature. This vcan be accurately accomplished in the apparatus of the invention, since the salt bath assures uniform heating of the metal in the conduit within narrow ytemperature limits. Purified molten metal is withdrawn from the conduit II, as required for casting, through the outlet 22. Casting may be carried out in sand molds, permanent molds, or the like. Except for the open charging .top of the settling unit I4, the parts of the apparatus holding molten metal are completely enclosed, and the molten metal is effectively protected against oxidation or other contaminating influence. The conduit II is at all times completely f1lled with molten metal, and `the contemplated flow of molten metal through the apparatus results from the action of gravity.
The elongated conduit or molten m-etal reservoir I I may be made of steel, such as ste-el pipe. Such a metal conduit submerged in the fused salt bath has little tendency to scale, rust, pit or corrode, and hence has a long life. Similarly, the receptacles I3 and I4 and conduit I5 may be made of steel.
The fused salt bath may be heated in any appropriate manner, the electrodes and associated devices being described and illustrated merely by way of example. Thus, electric resistance units, submerged pipes through which hot gases pass, etc. may be substituted for the electrodes.
The invention while particularly adapted for treating magnesium and alloys thereof, may be employed with advantage in treating other easily oxidized metals.
,I claim:
l. An apparatus of the character described comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a fused bath without communication between the interior' of said reservoir and the material of said bath, means operatively associated with said bath for maintaining the molten metal in the reservoir within a predetermined temperature range, a valve controlled discharge means operatively connected to one end of said reservoir, and means operatively associated with the other end of said reservoir for introducing molten metal into the reservoir when molten metal is discharged from the reservoir.
2. An apparatus of the character described comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in e. fused bath without communication between the interior or said reservoir` and the material of said bath, a settling unit submerged in said bath and communicating near its upper end with one end of said reservoir and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, a Valve controlled discharge means for the other end of said reservoir, and means for heating said bath.
3. An apparatus of the character described comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a fused bath without communication between the interior of said reservoir and the material of said bath, a settling unit submerged in said bath and communicating near its upper end with one end of said reservoir and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, a valve controlled discharge means for the other end of said reservoir, said reservoir being so constructed that in operation it is filled with molten metal which flows by gravity from the end communicating with said settling unit to said discharge means, and means operatively associated with said bath for heating the same and maintaining the molten metal in said reservoir within a predetermined temperature range.
el. An apparatus of the character described comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a fused bath without communication between the interior of said reservoir and the material of said bath, a settling unit submerged in said bath and communicating near its upper end with one end of said reservoir and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, a second settling unit open at its top and for the most part submerged in said bath and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, said settling units communicating with on-e another intermediate their ends, a Valve controlled discharge means for the other end of said reservoir, and means for heating said bath.
5. An apparatus of the character described comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a fused bath without communication between the interior of said reservoir and the Ymaterial of said bath, a settling unit submerged in said bath and communicating near its upper end with one end of said reservoir and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, a second settling unit open at its top and for the most part submerged in said bath and having a discharge in its bottom for settled matter, a valve discharge means for the other end of said reservoir, said settling units communicating with one another intermediate their ends `and below the communication of said reservoir with the first mentioned settling unit, said reservoir being so constructed that in operation it is iilled with molten metal which flows by gravity from the end communicating with said first mentioned settling unit to said discharge means, and means for heating said bath.
6. An apparatus for melting an easily oxidized metal comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a fused Ibath without COmmunication between the interior of said reservoir and the material of said bath, onevend of said reservoir being adapted to receive molten metal melted rby the heat of said bath, and a Valve-controlled discharge means for the other end of said reservoir, said reservoir being so inclined that molten metal owstherethrough by gravity. f y
7. An apparatus for melting an easily oxidized metal comprising an elongated and substantially closed molten metal reservoir submerged in a rfused bath withoutcommunication between the 10
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US562722A US2408466A (en) | 1944-11-09 | 1944-11-09 | Melting magnesium metal and the like |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US562722A US2408466A (en) | 1944-11-09 | 1944-11-09 | Melting magnesium metal and the like |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2408466A true US2408466A (en) | 1946-10-01 |
Family
ID=24247495
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US562722A Expired - Lifetime US2408466A (en) | 1944-11-09 | 1944-11-09 | Melting magnesium metal and the like |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
US (1) | US2408466A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4308056A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1981-12-29 | Italsider S.P.A. | Method and apparatus for introducing solid substances into liquid metals |
-
1944
- 1944-11-09 US US562722A patent/US2408466A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US4308056A (en) * | 1979-04-27 | 1981-12-29 | Italsider S.P.A. | Method and apparatus for introducing solid substances into liquid metals |
Similar Documents
Publication | Publication Date | Title |
---|---|---|
US2528208A (en) | Process of smelting metals | |
US3272619A (en) | Apparatus and process for adding solids to a liquid | |
US2726952A (en) | Method of preparation of iron aluminum alloys | |
US2060133A (en) | Process for treating metals | |
Wen et al. | Evolution of nonmetallic inclusions during the electroslag remelting process | |
US3529958A (en) | Method for the formation of an alloy composed of metals reactive in their elemental form with a melting container | |
US2408466A (en) | Melting magnesium metal and the like | |
US2395458A (en) | Method of treating molten metals | |
US2620269A (en) | Method of recovering magnesium alloy from composite scrapped metal objects | |
CN1009256B (en) | Smelting-casting equipment and method for aluminium lithium alloy | |
US4132545A (en) | Method of electroslag remelting processes using a preheated electrode shield | |
US1324458A (en) | Method of preventing oxidation of molten metal | |
US3470936A (en) | Method for producing high purity copper castings | |
US1955726A (en) | Method of melting copper to produce dense castings low in oxygen | |
US1809436A (en) | Process of purifying metals | |
US3893657A (en) | Method for separating metal which accompanies slag skimmed from a bath of molten metal, and a device for carrying out the method | |
US4192370A (en) | Device for effecting electroslag remelting processes | |
US3909243A (en) | Recovery of both brass and zinc from metallurgical residues by carbon flotation method | |
US3508914A (en) | Methods of forming and purifying nickel-titanium containing alloys | |
US2102742A (en) | High conductivity, phosphorus-deoxidized copper and process for making the same | |
US1894657A (en) | Method and apparatus for refining metals | |
US2952534A (en) | Treatment of molten metals | |
CN117305611B (en) | Nickel-copper alloy electroslag remelting method | |
Smolinski et al. | An electrolytic method for the direct production of magnesium lithium alloys from lithium chloride | |
US3225399A (en) | Casting process using borax-silica slag |