US2387299A - Immersing and centrifuging unit - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 23,1945. F.'M. RONC'I 2,387,299

' IMMERSING AND CENTRIFUGING UNIT Filed Jan. 7, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 2 [2 re tor Ii-rum M. Rona! Attorney 0d. 23, 1945. RQNCI Y 2,387,299"

IMMERSI'NG'AND CENTRIFUGING UNIT Filed Jan. 7, 1944 5 sheet -Sheet 3 Attorney Oct. 23, 1945. F. M. RONCI 7 2,337,299

IMMERSING AND CENTRIFUGING UNIT Filed Ja n'. 7, 1944 '5 Sheets-Sheet 4 r V .Inventor ii rn'andqM Ran a! By; I

Attorney Oct. M RONC] IMMERSING AND CENTR IFUGING UNIT Filed Jan. 7, 1944 5 Sheets-Sheet 5 Fig.5

In ven t a r I'ernanaaM Ron Patented Oct. 23, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE IMMERSING AND CENTRIFUGDN'G UNIT Fernando M. Ronci, Providence, I. Application January 7, 1944, Serial No. 517,459

12 Claims.

My invention relates to a combination of an immersing and centrifuging unit or machine in which work held in a rotatable basket is immersed in a liquid and then centrifuged, the work being readily replaced in the unit and the immersion liquid also'being readily replaced in the unit as desired. In general my invention specifically covers improvements on the Immersing and drying machine shown and claimed in my Patent 2,102,819, issued December 21, 1937.

The improvements in the present machine are to provide a self -contained self-operable unit foolproof in its operation and in which the parts are so designed as to assist the functioning of other parts and comprises a complete, strong, light,

self-contained, semi-automatic, high speed unit..

Any type of work may be treated in any type of immersion liquid whether it be cleaning, staining, coating, lacquering, enameling, hot waxing, chemical, or other immersion liquid. Myimproved high speed machine is also particularly adapted for lacquering small articles whether they are made of wood, metal, paper, composition, or otherwise in such a manner as to permit the treatment of a great number of said small articles in a suitable immersion liquid and the drying thereof within as short a period of time as possible, all operations in the treatment of small ar-.

ticles taking place in the minimum amount of time, such as coating three thousand shoe buckles in thirty seconds as well as removing immersion liquid therefrom.

An object of my invention is to provide a device in which th basket containing the work may be quickly attached and detached therefrom and in which a different immersion liquid may be readily substituted for the one previously used in a minimum amount of time.

A further object of my invention is to provide a device which is essentially fool-proof in its action in the matter of inhibiting the splashing of any immersion liquid, the basket rotating means A further object of my invention is to design the parts so that the rods for joining the parts of the container together supplementally function to guide and support the table bearing the immersion liquid container as it is raised and lowered to and d; from lower loading and upper immersing and intermediate centrifuging positions.

A further feature of these parts retaining guide rods is that they so evenly balance and support the table that the hydraulic raising and lowering system preferably employed may be constructed of simple small parts and with a piston of less area than its supporting cylinder. The table carries projections having guideways adapted to cooperate with the guide rods for keeping the table in alignment and positively supporting it during its up and down movement, a. projection for automatically closing the door when the table is raised to immersing position and a bracket projecting therefromadapted to positively lock and inhibit the use of the basket rotating means when the table is raised to bring the basket into immersing position.

A further feature of my invention relates to improvements in the specific door employed.

A further feature of my invention relates to improvement in the specific basket rotating means employed and the means just described to function to positively inhibit its actuation when the immersion liquid container is raised to immersing position.

A further feature of my invention resides in the hydraulic system employed as well as detailed structural features thereof and particularly in the manner in whichthe table is supported by the guide rods so that the hydraulic system may be constructed of light efiective materials and of a imple design.

A further object of my invention is to provide a construction in which the various parts of the casing may be readily assembled together by rods which also function in the manner explained as table supporting and guide rods.

A further object of my invention is to provide a device in which the fumes generated by the immersion treatment of the articles may be quickly removed from the shop.

These and such other objects of my invention a may hereinafter appear will be best understood from a description of the accompanying drawings, I which illustrate an embodiment thereof.

In the drawings,

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of theexterior of an immersing and centrifuging unit constructed in accordance with my invention.

immersion liquid container and thedoor panel? in centrifuging position in full lines,, in ,iimnersingi 7.

position in dash lines and in leading position in dash dot lines.

Fig. 4 is a plan view thereof, illustrating the basket rotating means in neutral position and with the brakes applied.

Figs. 5 and 6 are respectively fragmentary plan views of a portion oflthe parts shown in Fig. which-the operating handle forthe motorfiismoved to operating position releasing thebrakes, inthe position showniin fi-igrb to cause forward rotation of the basket and in therpositionshown 'in Fig. '6

to cause reverse rotation of the basket.

Fig. 7 is a diagrammatic perspective view of the brake. actuating means.

Fig. 8 :is a diagrammatic perspective view of the upper portion of the casing similar to Fig. 2

showing the immersion liquid container being raised from a full line loa'ding position t0=a dotted line immersion position positively inhibiting: the action of the basket rotating means while the basket vis immersed. in "the immersion liquid.

In the drawinga wher'ein like' characters ofrefi' erence, generally indicate like parts throughout, 20 generally indicates an immersing and centrif uging iunit constructed in accordance with-my' inventiom Said unit' zcomprises a' vertically extending casing comprising atubular member '2 2 making up the side wall of said casing preferably having anopening. 24in thewall thereof extending a substantial, distance downwardly :from adjacent the top thereof, a base 263forsai'd casing and a top 28 for :said: casing; These parts are normally connected togetheryand are preferably so constructed that the: lower end f the tubular member 22 may bemounted on said base 26-; the-top =28 mounted on the upper end of said tubular memberZZ and thetopyZBandba-se B C D dthe respectiveends of said vertically extending tubular membenzz by guide rods 3ll'preferably diametrically spaced'from 63101150111181 adjacent opposite portions of said tubulanmember 22 having the ends thereof secured respectively in any suitable manner to said base and top for holding theiparts of theeasing togethen: 1n the embodiment shown, the Y upper ends of said. rodspreferably' externally threaded as at 32; are threaded within internally threaded sockets 34 projectingx'downwardly from said base and the lower ends 36l-=of saidrguide rods 30 project downwardlyithrough suitable hol'es 3li in said baseZB and are-externally threaded as at tangular extension il projecting outwardly from= the hole 56 in the upper end adjacent the top of said tubular member 22. The opening 24 is of such a height that the immersion liquid container 58 mounted on the table 60 for vertical up and down movement in a manner to be explained may be readily removed and replaced through said opening 24 and the work holding basket 62 may be also readily removed and replaced through said opening 24. As in practice it is often desirable to give difierent types or lots of work immersion in the same type .or'color of immersion liquid, I have provided a secondary opening 66 in said opening 24 which may be readily opened and closed by the panel 68 for the more ready removal and insertion "of the work holding basket 62 on its respective rotating-shaft 64. The table 60 is raised and lowered by any suitable means 70, such as the hy- -drauli'cmeans shown and the basket 62 is rotated by any suitable T2 shown.

my preferred embodiment; the opening :24 is preferably "provided with a composite door 14 having an open 'upperportion "66' and a closed lower portion F6 hinge'cllly mounted on said: tubular' member 2-2 in any'suitable m'annen'such as by the hinge pin 18' mounted in suitable ears on said. door fl an'd tubular member '221with the free end an: thereof detachably secured 'to said tubular member 22' on the opposite side'of saidopening 24 in any suitable: manner s'uchasby the'pivotal- 1y mounted gravity za'ctuate'd latch '82 movable'into a suitable vertical slot =84 in a; locking lug 86' projecting forwardly from: said tubular member 22 immediately adjacent-the edge of said openin 24;. :If desired, a shelf 88- may be provided pro J'ectingoutwardly from the upper, end of said closedslower end 16 of said door 14 to carry the basketBZ thereon for ease of insertion of the hasketfilwthrough the opening '66. As stated, Ipreferably provide a verticallyslidablecp el 68 for closing .theupper Iportion'BB- of said door and suitable means :forautomatically locking-said panel 6% in closed :position, suchas the locking lever 90 pivotally' mounted on said tubular member preferably centrally of-the upper edge of said-opening'fl' having a-handle 94 projecting upwardly as the :powerarm therefromand the locking lug 92 projecting inwardly from a downwardly projecting workarm therefrom adapted to -fit into a suitable indent 96 in the upper end of said' door 68, when the door'is raised-to its posit-ionolosing said upper portion 66, by the spring 98 normallynrging said ing 92 inwardly into position engaging \said indent 96; I

It is thus-apparent that when the door 68 is raised to a-positionclosing said opening -66-that the spring 98 will urge thedoc-king lug 92 into-the indent 96" to lock the door in closed position-and that the door panel -68 will be retained inclosed position until the handIe Q l-is pushed inwards againstthe pressure-oi the-spring 98 to withdraw the locking lug 92 from the'indent to permit the door 58 to drop by gravity toits open position. Spaced brackets mo are provided projectinginwardlyat spaced intervals from the upper edge of said door 68 so that when said door 68 is dropped to [its lowermost position said :brackets Hi0-wi11 be-in-alignment with the shelf 88 so as to-Qperm-itthe insertion or the removal of the means, such as the rotating means basket 62 through the thenopen upper portion 138 Dream door 14,- I mayialso provide meansto lock the panel door 68 against vibration comprising edge of the panel door 68 to prevent its vibration when in closed position. Thetable 60is provided with a lifting lug I08 projecting forwardly therefrom adapted to abut one-of said brackets I or otherportion of said door 68 toraise 'the panel door 68 to a raised closed position to permit'auto-' matic locking of the lever 90 after the means has functioned to raise the table carrying the immersion liquid container 58 initially toa position immersing the attached basket 62-within the'.

immersion liquid I I2 in the container 58.

I provide a suitable-drive shaft 64 projecting downwardly from the casing top 28 havingmeans H4 at the lower end thereof for detachablysecuring the work holding basket 62 thereto. Any

securing and locking the work holding basket 62' to the lower end of the drive shaft 64 both shown, described and claimed in my oopending application for patent for Means for mounting work in a casing for dipping and centrifuging, Ser. 'No." 517,736, filed January 10, 1944. As shown insa'id application I preferably employ a work holding basket having a cylindrical skeleton cage II6 preferably constructed of light metal and a resilient wire mesh lining I I8 for said cage capable of movement independently of said cage, loosely mounted within said cage as claimed in said application, and as means to detachably secure said work holding basket 62 tothe lower end of the drive'shaft, I preferably employ the supporting plate I20 permanently mounted on the lower end of the drive shaft 64 having splines I22 projectin centrally from each side thereof, adapted to project within spaced facing U-shaped runways I24 mounted on the top of the cage II6 of said basket 62 and latched thereto by the latching means I26 more specifically shown, described and claimed in said patent application.

I also provide means 12 having a handle I28 effective at the will of the operator to rotate said drive shaft 64 preferably in forward 'or reverse directions and preferably also to stop the rotation thereof with a braking action. While any. suit.- able type of means may be employed for this purpose, I preferably construct my improved driving means as follows. The drive shaft 64 projects through'a suitable hole I30 in the casing top 28v and has suitable driving means, such as the drive pulley I32 and a braking pulley I34 mounted thereon. The actual braking means includes a pair of semi-circular brake shoes I38 sur'rounding said brake pulley, each pivotally joined together at one end thereof as by the pivot pin I40 and having lugs I42 projecting outwardly therefrom from the opposite ends thereof, normally urged together into braking relationship around the pulley I34 by means of suitable springs I44,

in the embodiment shown comprising expansion springs mounted on suitable bolts I46 projecting outwardly from said lugs with the ends thereof interposed between the bolt heads I-48-and the side walls of said lugs I42.

I also provide a rotatable brake arm I 50 shown in Fig. 7 having a brake cam I52 of square shape thereon to be interposed between the free ends of said brake shoe lugs I42 and a pin I54 projecting at. right angles from the outer end thereof. Thebrake cam I52 has flat side walls so that I42, the springs I44 apply the brake shoes I38to saidbrake pulley I34 andwhen said brakearm- I50 is rotated 45 the corners between said fiat side walls of said brake cam abut saidlugs I42. to separate the brake shoes against the pressure of said springs I44 to release the brakes. (See Figs. 5 and 6.) a Y I also employ a reversible electric motor I56 suitablyactuated in either direction by the prefhandle is moved to'the opposite position shown erably explosion proof switch I68. Suitable means are'provided'for the operation of' said motor I56 to rotate said drive shaft 64, in the embodiment shown comprising a belt I60 operated by a pulley on the motor drive shaft I62 to rotate the pulley I32. v

I also employ a pivot rod I64'vertioally mounted on said tubular member 22 havinga pin I66 projecting radially outwardly therefrom and the handle I28 projecting radially outwardly from said pivot rod I64 above said pin I66. The motor switch I58 is provided with an operating handle I68 which is joined to the handle I28 operating the brake controlling pivot rod I64 by the connecting rod I10. The handle I28 has a yoke'I12 projecting inwardly of said tubular member 22 and surrounding said brake arm pin I54. When the handle I28 therefor is in a position radial to said casing, the motor- I56 is shut oif andthe brake cam I52 is moved into a flat position permitting actuation of said brake by the springs I44 closing the brake arms I38 around the'brake pulley I34. If, however, thehandle I28ismovecl into the position shown in Fig. 51 the'motor' switch' I58 is moved to actuate the motor I56 in forward direction and the yoke I12 tilts the pin I'54to a position moving the brake cams I52 to a positign releasing the'brake as shown in Fig. 5. "Ii -thein Fig. 6, the brake cam' will also be tilted to spread the brake arms I38 to release the brake and the motor switch I68'wil1 be moved to actuate the motor I56 in the-reverse direction as it is often desirable after centrifuging the'work to temporarily rotate the basket in the opposite ditraces of liquid there rection to remove the last from.

The table 60 is provided with diametrically opposite projections I14 having vertical guideways I16 therein adapted to receive the 'guide rods 30 within them so that the said guide rods" may support the table 60, immersion liquid cantainer 58 and guide it in its vertical up and down movement.

Said table 60 may also be provided vided for this purpose, in my preferred'e'm'bodiment the tubular member 22 is provided with a vertical slot I18 therein below said pivotrod I64.' For this purpose, I alsoprovide the bracket I projecting upwardly from said table 60 having a narrow portion I82 projecting through said-vertical casing slot I18 and'a portion I84 projecting" vertically exterior of said casing wall having an" enlarged upper portion I86 having" a narrow channel I88 in the inner wall thereof terminatiingin an outwardly tapered upper end I90 in said enlarged upper portion I 86 for'engaging the pivot."

when the cam I52 is moved into a position-with the flat side walls I53 thereof abutting" said lugswith meansprojecting therefrom adapted to remove and re' tain the drive shaft rotating means in neutral po f sition. While any suitable means may be proas; the-inwardly taperedr wall-,- I 901 of; said channel abuts til}; and- .m,oves "itauntil it .is moved to; a true: radial; positionnirrthe: narrow channel; [-889 at the lower rend ofithe OHtEI POItiOHI I M of said-ibraoketi This will move the; brake caml52 t1O a neutral position: permittingthe Springs I44 tooontact:v

- the brake: shoesrl 3.8 :to;aDPlYthebrakesandalso:

through the; medium of the; connecting; rod I [61 will move the switch handle I68 to; a-neutralpo sitionr stoppin actuatingpofi the motor 1 I563 from rotating; the drive-shaft 6! in;-either direction so as.said-g-tablei 60 1 raised: to: immersing position the-1pm; I Sir-Swill be movech'and. be positively held: a neutralfipositiompositively;inhibiting; any: roe tationi or the baskets 6.2: when the; table:- 601 and; 1 9:. immersion liquid container-58: are=mvect to their uppermost immersion or dippingiposition; Itdsthus; apparent that the operation of' thetahle lilkcontrolssthe 1 operation of, thezbasket; rotating means -i I. also; provide; as.;stated, means-J0 efiectiven at; the: will of the operator, to:- relatively' raise: and; lowersaid tablerfifl carryingsaidimmersion liquid: container 58: from; a; lower loading a'position substantially opposite the lower portion; 1 6 for said opening -:to immersion position fsubstantially; pp site said'rdoor panel opening 56:. and'a-n intermediate centrifuging position with the basket 6,22 opposite=the upper portion l-94of: the:wa=l1- [96softhe1 immersion liquidcontainer 58: If de sired as shown the outer portion 184; ofthe bracket lam may-carry a. pointer IQSQadapted tO move; relatively 1:05 a marker 208: provided 'with suitable insignia-thereon, such as dip, spin, removeif indicative, of the respective immers ing; centrifuging; and; loading positions ofthe apparatus; "l

iwihile, any suitahlegtype: of; means-may. be pro-- vided'; foryathis purpose; I preferably provide "the hydraulicmeans'lll now to'be1described; Ipreferably mount a suitable hydraulic cylinder 282 soithatait' projects centrally ofthe-indented per--- tion: M :of'said :basein any suitable manner; such as by the socket, 204 bolted: to said base: portion- 44: .I; also provide azpiston'20B::of*less diameter* thamsaidcylinder; 2fi2shaving its :lower. end rereibleoby hydraulicpressure substantially to the; upp r end of the cylinder 202 and having a pis ton.- rod 208' projecting;therefrom to said :table 670; The lowerend; 20.8 of.saidvpiston mayliave the resilient expansion;- piston 7 cup) Washer #211 attached; thereto; The. toylinder-2 Midst provid'ed'i with 2. caps 2 .l 2510f" decreasing diameter" threaded onto the upper. end of saidcylinder; zen-endear:- ing a central hole for the piston rodiway'the upperend oiisaid piston being: inwardly tapered tofit within the capc2l21 It: is appareiitfthat1 this constructionpermitsi the: pistoni'toz'bd raised to the extreme :upper end'tof"the cylinder'2q2 and as the piston 206 is of: less diameterthan tl'ie cylinder 202, itwould tendito tilt thereorr were it not forthe; fact that the; guidwa'i'z's -13 6 irithe lugs I14. projecting 'diametrioally from sai'd table 60 abut the guide rods.'3fl' holding the 'poi tions of the casingtogethepitn support andfl prevent tilting of the table 50 and its: attached immersion-f liquid-container sa.-

W I-also provide a hydraulic} palm-p 21; suitably driven by a suitable motor 2'! 6. fln operationflthef pump 2H may becontinuously drivenforfif de f sired" a suitable "switch 2 t8 maybeprnvidedj or; turning on the motor to drive the 214- at thewillof'theoperatorfl g I a pr vide .hvdr uliestorage. reservoir;

: thereof; The; valve; 234; itself; contains" an 3.110119:

ate-channel. 236: movable bin-"the ghandle 2'3 t m-- sitions; (a)! shutting :off: communication. betweensaid vents; (-b); tor-a rpsition joining-said; inlet: vent Z andsoutletiventfiifi';and (c); a p sition; joining: said; outlet: vent; 2.2.6i and; discharge; vent: 230. I also provideanginlet :line 240? connecting saidi. pump 214;; and theinlcti'vent' 228iofi said threeewam valve; I". alsoi provide :an inlet and ex. haust line 242* connecting: saidlower end of saidllinder rZGZr-to sthea outlet ,vent 226: of saidvalve;

casing zzeksaid linec242: having a regulatable -re;- turirfiow valve 1243;;therein; I. alsoiproride'a dis;- chargo -lline 244i connecting the discharge, vent 2-30 ofsaid; threeeway: valve 22410 said reservoir- 22llr-andrar; return; line 246*, connecting-r said: inlet: line; 240;: to said reservoir 220. in front of: said? inlet-duct 228- beyond said' pump 214: having: a; pressure; relief valve 248thereinr I also; may pro-v videi as feed: line lid-fora said rlteservoir ha n feeding: orifice 2,52: therein; haizing; a; removable; plus 2542 andn overflowline 256; connectingthe-r upper-end-ofisaid cylinder-withsaid feedline I250: With-:this-construotion itiiS app rent that when: the valve 224 is; moved; toyan; operating position with the; duct 236: thereof liner with the inlet" vent 228 andthe outlet; vent 2 26 thereof; that: the pump 2 l2 will gforce. liquid-through said: inlet line l 2,40, valve- 224, and-inlet: and exhaust line 242 to the lowerrendof' said; cylinder 202 ,toraise; said: piston 296 and; connected 3 table 60 to the upper-, most immersing or dip, position shown in Fig; 3 in broken lines and that any excess-got fluid fromthe cylinder 202will flow through-the return line 256170 the. reservoir;22flz Itisalsoapparent that when the va1ve 224l=is movedto aneutral position that liquid: will not; flow through-- said valvebut; onian excessive amountof pressure being built-up in said inlet lirieZIifromsaid pump, liquid will; operate the relief valve 248 inv said r turndinez lfi; to flow through said line 24-6;b a.ck tosaidreservoir 220randthat whilesaidliquid-scr continuesto flow; if .theivalve 224 be moved to its discharge posit-ion; bringing. the duct 235-therein in. line with-theouo letivent .226 and-discharge vent 230, the inletport. 228 still remains, closed, and-liquid will continue to, now through saidreturn-line to aid reservoir; When the valve 22.4 is brought to such a discharge, position however, the weight of the; liquid,- the liquid container 58,, and, table 60 will; force the;

piston 205downwards withinthe cylinder 20221;.

a speed regulated by the valve243 through said: inlet and exhaustlineh242' through said threeway valve ZZlanddischarge line ZMto said reservoir 220;, It is thus, obvious thatthe three-way va1ve-224i'may be moved-to an operating position permitting raising oiith e tabled}! toneutral positions'retaining; the table in raised position or lowered position and to a dischargeposition ,permittingdoweringof the table. suitable type,v ofpressurerelier valve' 2-48 capable of being set maybe employed The-regulated return valve'243 is-iusually-only initially adjusted once to set as rapid a speed as practicable forlo'wering the table. The top 28 may be provided withan air inlet hole-29 ancl'the casing 22 may beprovided with a discharge-vent'adl for connecting a suitable suction devicetheretofor-removing fumes from the casmgr 1 Y In use, the Y container: 58: is, suitably :filledwith; immersion liquid and the tablezfifl movedzby the hydraulic system toits lower loading orremove position, the door 1-6 opened and the container 58 suitably placed on the table 60. The loaded basket 62 may then be insertedthrough the then open panel opening 66 and secured to the shaft 64. ,By operation of the hydraulic system, the table 60 and container 58 are moved upwards to immerse the basket 62 and its contained Work in the immersion liquid, the lug I08 positively closing the panel door 68 which is automatically locked in closed position by the latch 90, and the bracket I80 positively turning off the basket rotating means and applying the brake in the manner previously explained. When the work has been immersed for a sufiicient period of time, the table is lowered by manipulation of the hydraulic table controlling system to spin or centrifuging .position, the door panel remaining locked and the basket rotating means being released for actuation. The basket rotating means may then be turned on to centrifuge or dry the work; The hydraulic table controlling system is then actuated to lower the table and container to its lowermost remove or loadin position, the latch 90 actuated to permit the door panel to drop to open position when the basket may be readily removed, the treated work removed and new work inserted. The above cycle may be repeated any number of times and if it be decided to replace or replenish the immersion liquid at the end of any work treating cycle, it is obvious that the door 14 may be readily opened for this purpose.

It is apparent, therefore, that I have provided many novel features in an immersing and centrifuging unit, all of which, however, cooperate with each other in their respective functions to produce a more desirable unitary machine with the advantages explained above.

It is understood that my invention is not limited to the specific embodiment shown and that various deviations may be made therefrom without departing from the spirit and scope of the ap pended claims.

WhatI claim is: 1. Ari immersingand centrifuging unit, com

prising a vertically extending casing having an opening of substantial height in the wall thereof extending a substantial distance downwardly from adjacent the top thereof, a composite door for said opening having an open upper portion and a closed lower portion hingedly mounted on said casing with the free end thereof detachably secura-ble to said casing, a vertically slidable panel for closing said upper portion, means for automatically locking said panel closed and against vibration when raised to a closed position, a base for said casing, a top for said casing, a drive shaft projecting downwardly from said casing top adjacent the upper portion of said opening, mean having a handle effective atthe will of the operator to rotate said drive shaft in either direction and to immediately stop the rotation thereof with a braking action, a work holding basket detachably securable to the lower end of said drive shaft through the open upper portion of said door, a table vertically reciprocatable within said casing having a projection adapted to abut and raise the slidable door panel to a closed locked effective at the will of the operator to relatively raise and lower said table carrying said container from. a lower loading position substantially opposite the lower portion of said opening to an immersing position with said means moving said handle to neutral position and retaining it'in neutral position to prevent rotationof the basket when in said immersing position and an intermediate centrifuging position' with the basket opposite the upper portion of the wall of the container and guide rods projecting vertically through the vertical guideways in the diametric table projections having the ends thereof secured respectively to said base and top for holding the parts of the casing together.

. 2. An immersing and centrifuging unit, comprising a vertically extendinggcasing, a base for said casing, a top for said casing,- a drive shaft projecting vertically within said casing, means effective at the will of the operator to rotate said drive shaft, a work holding basket mounted on said drive shaft, a table vertically reciprocatable within said casing havin diametrically opposed guide projections having vertical open guideways, a liquid container on said table and means effective at the will of the operator to relatively raise and lower said table carrying said container from a lower position to an immersing position and an intermediate centrifuging position with: the basket opposite the upper portion of the wall of the container and guide rods projecting vertically through the vertical guideways in the diametric table projections having the ends thereof secured respectively to said base and top for holding the parts of the casing together.

3. An immersing and centrifuging unit, com prising a vertically extending casing, a basefor said casing, a top for said casing, a'drive shaft projecting vertically within said casing, means having a handle effective at the will of the opera-. tor to rotate said drive shaft, a work holding basket mounted on said drive shaft, a table vertically reciprocatable within'said casing having diametrically opposed guide projections having vertical open guideways, and means projecting therefrom adapted to move and to retain the operating handle of said drive shaft rotating means in neutral position, a liquid container on said table and means effective at the will of the op-. erator to relatively raise and lower said table carrying said container from a lower position to an immersing position with said means'moving said handle to neutral position and retaining it in neutral position to prevent rotation of the intermediate centrifuging position with' the position and diametrically opposed guide projecbasket opposite the upper portion of the wall of the container and guide rods projecting vertically through the vertical guideway in the diametric table projections having the ends thereof secured respectively to said base and top for holding the parts of the casing together. i

, 4. An immersing and centrifuging unit, comprising a vertically extending casing, a drive shaft projecting vertically within said casing, means having a handle effective at the will of the operator to rotate said drive shaft, a work holdingbasket mounted on said drive shaft, 2, table vertically reciprocatable within said casing having means projecting therefrom adapted to move and to retain the operatinghandle of said drive shaft will of the operator to relatively raise and lower said 'table carrying said co'ntainer from a lower position-to.-animmersingrposition with'isaidmeans moving: said-handle Lt!) eneutral :position :and TIE- taining-zitzimneutralzpositioniito prevent. rotation of the tbasket: when :in :said i-immersin'g position "an cintermediatercenti'ifuging :'position v with ithe ibasketj'oppositenthe upper portion ofthezwall oflthe container...; I

:"z5.l:An'simmersirig rand: centrifuging unit, comprising :awerticallyextending '"cas'ing, a base for said casing; aa topi for :said easing, a driveishaft projecting downwardly from said-casing top, and extending athrough :said ieasingftop r and having driving means and :a'tlbrakin 2pulley..:mounted thereonpapainofs'semi mircularfcontraction brake shoes surrounding :saidsrforak x ipulley normally spring :urge'dtto a'ibraking .zposition, 'a a rotatable brake earm :having :za 5 ibrake" cam interposed betweenitherfreenends oftsaidibrake shoes andia pineat thezouterrend athereof; 'a'sreversible electric motornneans 'operative on rotation of: said motor in eitherodirection; toirotate .said drive :shaft; a switch? for ioperatingsaidmotor, a motor control PiVOtT'TOdTVBIUiCaHYmOUIItG'GLOII'JSaid casingihavingsazrpimprojectingz radially outwar'dly therefrom andi'havingzza:yokecsurroundingrsaid ibrake arm pin,'ia?han'd1e mounted 'owsai'd pivot rod projecting ioutwardly? from -saidr.casing?morable from a neutralrpositionft mositions aotuatingsai'd motor mi'forwardlior reverse fdirections, and means joining saidrrswitchxand fhan'dle whereby'when said handleais insradialxaalignment:withi'said shaft the motorsiislimneutraliposition and-the brake cam is moveditotra'iposition permitting actuation of 1 said brakelshoes 'andias said handleis tilted-horizontally in opposite directions-ithe'motor switch is moved :tosoperatelthe motor shaft .in"forward. or reverse rotation andntheibrake camis rotated to release the brakeishoesisaidtcasing:having a vertical slot *iproj eoting fdownwar'dly therein blow said-*handlenavwork holding :basket mounted on saids power drive shaft en'd', :a' itable- Vertically reciprocatable within saidxcasing having diametric'allyrzopposed :guide' projections having vertical open :gui-deways-" and 'az bracket -.'.projeoting upwardlyl'from 'said Y table having a narrow portion projecting out-wardly through said vertical casing slot :and Ia F portion -pro'jecting vertically exterior of-the casing wall having a channelon the inner wall thereof terminating in an outwardly tapered upper end for engaging said-pivot rod pin'to rotateiisaid motor control :pivot rod to neutral position andapfiy-saidbrakes and inhibit rotation of T -the basketwhen the 1 container 1 is raised toimmersingpositiongafliquid container on said table anditmeans elfectiveat thewill of the operator to relatively raise and lower said table carrying said container "from a 5 lower position to 7 an immersingap'osition -.vv ith saidtable" bracket moving said motor control pivot rodto "neutral positionand retaining it in neu'tral position to 'pre-' vent rotation :of the basket when: in-said immers ing position and an intermediate centrifuging position with the' basket opposite the upper portionof the; wall of the container and guide rods projectingvvertically through the vertical guideways 11in the diametric itable iprojections having thezends thereof securedirespectivelyto' said base andvtop a'fon; holdingthe partsiof the teasing .toethera p :61 ;An immersingzandvcentrifuging unit, comprisingavertica-llyextending rcasing; a drive shaft projecting downwardly within :said' :casing, '7 and extending: above the casing-topfiand having driving-meansanda brakingipulley-mounted thereon, a =;p.a1r ofisemi-fcircular--icontraction :brake shoes surrounding :said cbrakexpulley mormally expiring urged ito fiat braking position, a :rotatable qhrake .arin ihaving a brake camamterposedibetween the :free ends itof rsai'd lbrake shoes randxa min iatrzthe router send 1 thereof; arreversible seleetric fmotor, means operative":on'trotation of fsaid :motor. in either directionito rotate saididrive'zshaft, a switch for-ioper'atin'g said 'smotor, a motor contro'lipivot rod'rverticafly 'mountedn'on said i'casin'g fhavih'g a, 'pin :projectin i'r adiailly'outwardly therefrom and having: a yoke 'surroundingelsaid itbrake .iarm :pin', axhaniilei mounted on: said pivot irod lproiecting outwardly-'froin'rsaid. easing movable? from-rainedtral :positionitoipositions factuating: sai'dvmotor fin forward '0'r reverse directions; anii meansf'joining saidiswitch'andhandle' wherebywhensaid handle is in radial. alignment With' said shaft the motor is inmeu-tral' position" and the'prake'rcam is nioved to a -position permitting actuation or said brake shoes 1 and as :said handle is tilted horizontally in opposite direct-ions themotor switeh" is moved to operatefthe mo-tor shaft in forward or reverse rota'tion -andthe :brake camfs rotated to release the brake shoes; said casing having a" vertical 'slot projecting downwardly therein belo'vv saidhan'dle, awork'holdin'g basktinountedon said power drive shaft end; a"'-'tablevertically reciprocatable Withinsaid casing'having abiacket projecting upwardly from" said table having' a narrowportion projecting outwardly through -said"ver'tical casing slot and a portion projecting"vertically exterior of'the casing wa11"'having'=a -'channelf'on the inner 'wall -therwf*terminatingin "an outwar'dly tapered upper end for-engaging said "pivot rod 'pin to rotate said motor control -pivot rod {to neutral'position and "apply saidbrakes" and inhibit rotation of the basketwhen the eontainer is'raised to immersing position,=-a"liquidcontainer'ons'aid tala'le and means effective at the will of the-operator'to relatively raise and lowersaid'table carry ingsaid container from a-lower positiont-to an immersing position with 'said ntabl'e bracket 'moving said motor control pivot rod toneutrai posi tion and retaining it in neutral-, position:trprevent -rotation of the basket when in saiq immers; ing position and an intermediate centrifuging position withthe basket opp osite the upper 'portion of the wallof the container.

"'7. -An immersing'and centrifuging unit, comprising a closed vertically extending casing having an opening of substantial height in'the wall thereof extending'asubstantial distance down wardly from adjacent the top thereof, a zoo posite door" for said opening havingian open upper portion and a closed lower .portion 'hingedly mounted on said casing with the free endthereof detachably securable' to said 'casing, 1a"vertic'a1ly slidalile' panel for, ClOSiIlg'Sflid upper portion, means for automatically locking saidpanel closed when raisedto a closed positiongaiidrive shaft projecting downwardlyfrom the top jot-said. cask ing to'adjacentthe upperportionof said opening, means effective at the will of the operator .to rotate said 'driveshaft, a work' holdingibas'ket detachably securable to said lower drive shaft end, through the open upper portion of'said door; a table vertically reciprocatable within said 'casfing-having a projection adapted to abut and raise the slidable door panel toaclosed locked position, aliqoi'd container insertable to'position on said table 'thro'ugh said opening and means effective at the will of the operator to relatively raise and lowersaid*table-carrying said container from-a lower loading positiomsu'bstantially :opposite the lower-portion 'Of said Lopening to an -immersing position and an intermediate centrifuging position with the basket opposite the upper portion of the wall of the container.

8. An immersing and centrifuging unit, comprising a closed vertically extending casing having an opening of substantial height in the wall thereof extending a substantial distance downwardly from adjacent the top thereof,-a composite door for said opening having an open upper portion and a closed lower portion hingedly mounted on said casing with the free end thereof detachably securable to said casing, having a shelf projecting outwardly from the upper edge of the closed lower end, a vertically slidable panel for closing said upper portion, having spaced brackets projecting inwardly from the upper edge thereof, means for automatically locking said panel closed and against vibration when raised to a closed position, a drive shaft projecting downwardly from the top of said casing to adjacent the upper portion of said opening, means effective at the will of the operator to rotate said drive shaft, a work holding-basket detachably securable to said lower drive shaft end, through the open upper portion of said door, a table vertically reciprocatable within said casing having a projection adapted to abut and raise the slidable door panel to a closed locked position, a liquid container insertable to position on said table through said opening and means effective at the will of the operator to relatively raise and lower said table carryin said container from a lower loading position substantially opposite the lower portion of said opening to an immersing position and an intermediate centrifuging position with the basket opposite the upper portion of the wall of the container.

9. An immersing and centrifuging unit, comprising a vertically extending casing, a base for said casing, a top for said casing, a drive shaft projecting downwardly from said casing top, means effective at the will of the operator to rotate said drive shaft, a work holding basket mounted on said lower drive shaft end, a table vertically reciprocatable within said casing having diametrically opposed guide projections having vertical open guideways, a liquid container on said table and means effective at the will of the operator to relatively raise and lower said table carrrying said container from a lower position to an immersing position and an intermediate centrifuging position with the basket opposite the upper portion of the wall of the container comprising a hydraulic cylinder projecting upwardly from said base, a piston of less diameter than said cylinder forcible by hydraulic pressure substantially to the upper end of the cylinder, a hydraulic piunp, a hydraulic storage reservoir, means for actuating said hydraulic pump, a line connecting said reservoir to said pump, a three way valve, an inlet line connecting said pump and three Way valve, an inlet and exhaust line connecting said three way valve and the lower end of said cylinder, a discharge line connecting said three way valve and reservoir, a return line connecting said inlet line to said reservoir beyond said pump having a pressure relief valve therein, whereby when said valve is moved to an operating position liquid will flow through said inlet line, open valve and inlet and exhaust line to the bottom of said cylinder to raise said piston and table; when said valve is moved to neutral position, liquid will not flow through said valve but on an excessive amount of pressure from said pump liquid will operate said pressure guide rods projecting vertically through the vertical guideways in the diametric table projections having the ends thereof secured respectively to said baseand top for holding the parts of the casing together, and for preventing the piston, table and container from tilting out of alignment with the hydraulic cylinder.

10. .An immersing and centrifuging unit, comprising a vertically extending casing, a base for said casing, a top for said casing, a drive shaft projecting downwardly from said casing top, means effective at the will of the operator to rotate said drive shaft, a work holding basket mounted on said lower drive shaft end, a table vertically reciprocatable within said casing having diametrically opposed guide projections having vertical openguideways, a liquid container on said table and means effective at the will of the operator to relatively raise and lower said table carrying said container from a lower position to an immersing position and an intermediate centrifuging position with the basket opposite the upper portion of the wall of the container, comprising a hydraulic cylinder projecting upwardly from said base, a piston of less diameter than said cylinder forcible by hydraulic pressure substantially to the upper end of the cylinder, hydraulic means to raise and lower said piston at the will of the operator, and guide rods projecting vertically through the vertical guideways in the diametric table projections having the ends thereof secured respectively to said base and top for holding the parts of the casing together, and for preventing the piston, table and container from tilting out of alignment with the hydraulic cylinder.

11. An immersing and centrifuging unit, comprising a vertically extending casing, a drive shaft projecting downwardly within said casing, means effective at the will of the operator to rotate said drive shaft, a work holding basket mounted on .said lower drive shaft end, a table vertically reciprocatable within said casing, a liquid container on said table and means effective at the will of the operator to relatively raise and lower said table carrying said container from a lower position to an immersing position and an intermediate centrifuging position with the basket opposite the upper portion of the wall of the container comprising a hydraulic cylinder projecting upwardly from said base, a piston of less diameter than said cylinder forcible by hydraulic pressure substantially to the upper end of the cylinder, a hydraulic pump, a hydraulic storage reservoir,

means for actuating said hydraulic pump, a line connecting said reservoir to said pump, a three way valve, an inlet line connecting said pump and three way valve, an inlet and exhaust line inlet line, open valve and inlet and exhaust line to the bottom of said cylinder to raise said piston and table; when said valve is moved to neutral position, liquid will not flow through said valve projecting vertically within: said casing, means effective at the. will of the operator to? rotate said drive shaft, a, work holding basket mounted on said drive shaft; a. table vertically reciprocatable within: said casing; a, liquid container on said table andmeans effective at the. will of; the operator to relatively raise and lower said table, carrying. said container from a lower position' toan immersing position and-an intermediate; centrifuging positiorrwith the basket opposite theupperportion ofthe: wall of the; contgineg;

FERNANDO RONCI.

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