US2380419A - Bock crusher - Google Patents

Description

July 31, 1945. Q R QL'; v2,380,419

' ROCKCRUSHER I j Filed June 16, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 31,-1945. 4 -A.- R. EBERSOL 2,380,419

ROCK CEEUSHER Filed June 16, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet 4 July 31, 1945. A. R. E BERSOL 2,380,419

' ROCK CRUSHER Filed June 16, 1942 5 Sheets -Sheet 5 A= TEITAL. APPROACH D DUWNWARDKMDVEMENT H 72 DF "A" I 'E|TAL APPROACH Patentecl July 31, 1945 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE ROCK CRUSHER Amos R. Ebersol, Lancaster, Pa.

Application June 16, 1942, Serial No. 447,258

23 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for crushing relatively hard materials such as rock, ore, and the like, and more particularly to what are known as jaw crushers.

Itshas heretofore been proposed to provide a crusher including a stationary jaw and-a movable jaw actuated by an eccentric which cooperates with the movable jaw at a point more or less remote from the throat or exit end of the space between the crusher jaws. In such a construc-.

tion the frictional opposition to the flow of material between the jaws presented by the face of the stationary jaw materially retards the rate at which the jaws may crush and feed material out through the throat.

It has also been proposed in the patent to tsey. ogranted November 28, 1933, to avoid the friction due to a stationary jaw face by actuating both of the jaw members from eccentrics and synchronizing their movements so that both jaw faces move toward and away from each other and in the direction of material flow during each cycle of operation. As the extent to which the jaws may bespeeded up depends on the rate at which the crushed material is discharged from the throat between the jaw faces, a structure of the character just referred to has the disadvantage that, because the movement of the jaws in the direction of material flow cannot exceed one half of the movement of the jaws in their relative approach or recession, the discharge of crushed material from the throat under the action of gravity, supplemented by such motion as can be imparted to the material by the relatively short movement of the jaw faces in the direction of material flow, is not adequate to materially increase the capacity of the crusher.

The proposal has also been made to increase the movement of the jaw faces in the direction of material flow by adding a crank movement, but such increase can only be obtained in the device proposed by using additional, driving means to swing the jaws on their operating eccentrics as they move through the normal cycle produced by said eccentrics. Such a construction as proposed has the disadvantage of high production, operating and maintenance costs because of its. complexity in multiple shafts, eccentrics, bearings, gears, etc. 7 I

It has also been proposed, in French Patent No. 731,182, to combine a jaw actuated by an overhead eccentric and having a link mounting adjacent its opposite end with a second jaw movably mounted on parallel links and interconnected with the first named jaw so as to move therewith.

While possessing the advantage that only one eccentric is required to move both jaws, the character of movement introduced by such a construction is undesirable and inefficient, because the operative faces of the jaws have different relative movements'at different parts thereof with an intermediate portion where there is little or no relative movement and a consequent tendency to hinder material flow. Furthermore, such a construction causes the throat end of the operative faces of the jaw to move toward each other throughout the period when. the jaw faces are moving in the direction opposite to that of material ilow. It has also been proposed in the patent to Symons No. 2,302,723 to combine a jaw actuated by an eccentric and having a pivoted link pivoted thereto for controlling the movement thereof under the actuation of the eccentric, with a second movable jaw mounted directly on said link, whereby both crushing faces rock with respect to each other as they relatively approach and recede and thereby the magnitude of movement of the upper end of the eccentrlcally driven jaw during the crushing strokes is materially less than that of the lower end of said jaw.

It is an object of this invention to provide an improved crusher wherein the jaws are so operated that the rate of flow of the material between and away from the crushing faces of the jaws may be materially increased and therefore the speed of crushing correspondingly increased.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved crusher wherein the jaws are so operated by the means producing approach and recession of their operative faces that the movement of said faces in the direction of material flow may be materially more than one half of their movement of approach or recessionand preferably on at least the same order of magnitude as the movement of said faces toward and away from each other, so that a greater acceleration is imparted to the material while embraced by the jaws and greater impetus given to material on release at the throat between said jaws by the magnitude of the movement of their facs in the direction of material flow and hence'the crushed material may be more rapidly and efliciently passed between said jaws and discharged from said jaws.

Another object of this invention is to provide an improved crusher as last characterized wherein the operative faces of the jaws, following the end of the crushing stroke, at which time the jaws are'moving at substantially their maximum speed in the direction of discharge, and while the movemerit oi, said races in tl'ie' directio nl areas-' 'lheif-magnitiideflof a crushing"stroke,:involvflowisbeing continued,,mayjbecaused-toimoveg -ins-hardnon c'ompressible material, 'is deterv rapidly away from eachother, so that while the mined by h 'am unt of "v id space in that'ma-- crushed .material is under themomentum oi the 1 ,teriallffAsi'soon a tn h prq s jmovgd s, movement fimpartedby the'jaws, irrthe direction" ,5 enough'to-Iconsume thefvoidspace the'materia'l of materialiiOW. the throat between the operative X e n a opackj'ah i t oke, continues the faces or'tne jawssbe'o mes freed ofjthac'r'ushed 1; m h n -.,w l cit rjs 'ahbrbr akasemay' res lt.

' i t t r since the fines gravitate"tothezbottom of the material.

t, "Another object of inventionis :iqassage betweenfltha J'WW. faces' 'where' thejvjaws during the first haliof the movement of said faces v in the direction opposite tothatof material flow; i I i U Another object, of thi 'mv npio i to r ide 15. tux-provide means twhereby iinescreatedduring v an improved crusher wherein one. jaw is moved 1 attic lcsest 11cg th r; it is here thatjpaclsins takesby' the otherand yet th'eoperative iacesofthe iplaycei e o t .i *the.-amount Q V i DM jaws are moving away from eachother'at 'least a I H i H determines the spacing of the jaw faces at' the inthe lower; narrower'zone'of-ithe crusher which" fthroat. {It is another object of 'this invention f an improved jcrusher oi increased stroke'i inthe thecrushing in an iipne' bart'of' they-passage be direction of-material.ilow,a'sfproduced byythefQ tweenc'ooperating Jaw niembers canjbe'removed means causing relative movements; oiapproach f fqr the material reaches-"th h W3 thereof moving toward "each 'othergat ,di'ifereiit y I decreased thatthe ratio of reduction may be animproveddeviceoftthe typelast characterized -crushinebecomes -unnecessary,'

and recession wherein the operativeiaces of the iifB r whereby the .sfi h s fq ji h Jaws consideredasija' whole have onlyone move-j ischarge cnd'pfihe crusher may-lbe'much' closer l'ment or approach and-oneinovementoi recession {than H 'ss bl wi h-ia p u h s e e o pros.

during each cycleoi'operationsoasto overcomew i r the inequality of action'and obstructiQh'tomaterial flow implicitinstructures wherein the 'opera *sma'llrthe material;-can be crushed'yhas been periods in a single cycle of operation v p Another object'oi this inventionisto provide v a d.- in many 5 5 t e d ry wherein "theo erativ'e facesgoi said-jaws an: '30 j other obje t of this invention isto pro- 'fproaohsmoothly'toefrectacru hing'action dur-j "v d a i p d ushcr'cm'oloying a pair of his the last half of -theirmovemen't iri'thedirecv le Ja s-one of wh c approaches a ,tion opposite totha't of material 'fiowian'dthe. eceds w th respe t othe ct'her to effect crush- L material flow.

v firsthali 'orltne movement in' the directlon 'ofi ins and f in movements-of the materiaI iiow- 1 mes-ins between! said Jawstocarryjinto efiect the I j other objectis f to provide p andmproved cruSherwherein the setti'ngat the ative faces of the jaws have difierent -"portionszzie dis a se'end-orthecrusher,d ermining .how

Another objectbfthis invention is to provide foregoin "Obiectsnandwh n lmdv m nts 0i i an improved crusher of the type lastcharacter-v move in the direction ofjm'aterial flow duringF T h i f t j h' 15 P vide the last half' of their relative approachand the'40: angimprovedcrusher offthe type. characterized first half of their-relative recessionj V Another object'of this invention; is t'o provide; i v-fo w d acceleration the m ial a an improved crusher having'lthe-jaws so operate i by th m v m nt o t races i Jaws under ed that onegoi said jaws oscillates'in or nearly theactiofi 0 th tm s' p oduc t cr n to a straight line generally parallel to the direc- '45 T -j tionoi materialfiowand the other of 'said jaws h r i h ihventiohisy o provide t has a cyclic movement toward andaway irom in improved crush i f t p ast Characterthefirst namedyja'wwith substantially no rock 1 wherein thew-laws are 5 moved that the I I bothjawS arefeffected' from a'single. means for izedjwherein the operative. faces of said jaws vi n of i iaw inacyclic motion; v

.whereindownward flow of the material by grav ing movement, so that the angular relationship mo n of the material i r d ring the 1 between the operative faces ofsaid jaws remains crushinsstmke, a e r e ofj'eravity substantially constant. on said material, as the throat opens, produces Another object of this invention .is to provide a more f and o rapid Q material om "an improved crusher as last characterized wherethe hroat" of the j than vheretofore obtained.

in one of the jaws has a cyclic movement im- Another je t of this invention is to provide parted thereto and moves the other jaw in syn-, an improved crusher of the type haracterized objects.

chronism therewithso as to effect the foregoing,"- i rubbing 0f the m te al against either p jaw face by reason of they relative movement Another object of this invention is toprovide Qfihe Other 191W ii m ed 5035 to rean' improved crusher of the type characterized @1168 W on Said J faces nd increase the wherein one'of the jaws has imparted theretoja o e h m j .1 I cyclic motion underthe control of a relatively Anotherobject of this invention is to p vide long arm fioatingly'mounted at a distancefrom n m m Crusher the e acterized th operative face of i a t minimize t wherein one'ofthejaws moves in a substantially rocking movement of said Jaw. rectilinear path while the other law moves bodl Another object of this invention isto provide 7 toward d m said first named law an improved crusher of t type 15 in a closed curved path which is so controlled terized wherein the operative faces o t as to avoid undesirable relativerocking moveable jaws retain a substantially constant angumentsv between the Operative faces of said jaws 1, relationship and thereby avoid the existence of areas at the Another object of this invention is to provide Operative faces of Said l at Which maximum an improved crusher of the type empl yi a crushing action does not take place and the depiurality of synchronously moving jaws with a sired how of the material between said jaws is rading device associated and movable with a impeded. cyclically movable Jaw to facilitate separation Another object of this invention is to provide oi the fines from the coarser material. an improved jaw crusher which can be operated assume] to crush material st higherkspeeds' than jaw crushers heretoforepropos'ed 1-151 Another objector this'inven'tion istoiprovide an improved jaw crusher as last characterized which is so constructed and arranged that superior balancedconditions are} obtained."

' entering the crusher "or after it is discharged from the throat between said jaws, and-whose cyclic movement facilitates separation of the fines from the coarser material. The present invention alsoprovides one or more grading devices'i'nterposed between upper and lower pairs Another object ofthis. invention is top'ro'vicle an'improved crusher'whic'h is of simple design and relatively lowcost of production, operation and maintenance, and yet which is highly efficient-in operation. Y

Other objects of "the invention '-fwill appear 1 as the description thereof proceeds. 1 1T? Stated broadly, the present"-inventionprovides a crusher having --a*-pair of relatively movable l of crushing faces so that fines maybe removedpm vf-rom the crushed material at intermediate points "in the passage of the material through the closely together for a given magnitude-of jaws the movementof whose crushing 'faces 1in the direction of material flow 'a's" produoed-*by the means causing relative movement" of approach and recession is materially more than I half of the magnitude-of their relative-movement during the crushing stroke, --and preterably on the same order as the crushing stroke said' jaws crusher and therefore, as the lower crushing faces are operating on coarser materialwith larger voids, the faces may be placed more crusher stroke. -'lherebythe ratio of inlet opening to-discharge opening in the" crusher may be greatly increased, so that thecrusher can take large material for; crushing and still assure the desired finenessof the material when dishaving means for so coordinating the relati've movements thereof that; considering successive quadrants of movements -from what is the twelve oclock' position on a--clock dial, during the first quadrant of movement said facesappreach-each other relatively-to provide-the last half of a crushing strokewhilesimultaneously moving in the direction of material-flow; during the second quadrant ofmovement saidfaces conpended claims for that a purpose.

charged.

-The invention is capable of receiving a variety of mechanical expressions, some of which are illustrated on the accompanying"drawings,but it is to be expressly understoodthat the i drawings'. are-for purposes of illustration only-and are not'to be construed as a-definition ofthelimits th'e' apof the invention,-reference being-hadto -Referring indetail to the drawings wherein I the same reference characters areemployed to cures,

tinue to move in the directionof-material flow 'but recede relatively from each other so as'to discharge the .material freely from 'the' throat at the exit end-of the space between said faces with the aid ofthe momentum attained bythe material during its movementin said first quadrant; duringthe'third quadrant vof'move ment saidfaces move inthe direction-opposite to that of material flow while-continuing tomove apart relatively; andduring the fourth -'quadr-ant of movement said faces approach.- each other relatively smoothly to grip and initiate crushing movement. Owing-tothe' extent' of movement of said faces in the direction of m'ater-i'al flow, which lasts for substantiallya se'micycle, the material being crushed has imparted thereto a very considerable momentum vvh'ich is continuedinto the last half-of-said movement, and

during which the faces are rapidly receding from H each other, so that when gravity-starts tdact"as a discharging force the material alreadyhas a high rate of movement in the downward direction. Thereby the'crushed materialmaybe -di'sv charged at high "speed from the throat,'the-speed of the jaws may be greatly increased, and the capacity ofthe crusher orrespondinglyaugmerited, I

While the aforesaid movements ot-the faees may be effected by driving said jaws separately but synchronously as will hereinafter appear, the-preferred embodiment, in the interest 1' of economy and efficiency, employsaneccentric to driveone of said jaws and-means ope'rate'd by said jaw for" operating the 'other f of'jsaid jaws, preferably oscillating the same in nearly ii not designate correspondin parts in the several fig- Fig; 1 is acentral vertical longitudinalsection through an embodiment of the present inv'en- Fig.2 is a top 'planview of the Fig. 1, partly in section; Y 7 g Fig.3 is an end viewof the motion-impartin-g member which forms a" connection between the embodiment of jaws of the crusher,showing the-yieldab1e-connecting means on the end of -"said-member'in'sec- Fig. 4 is-a partial sectional view'taken along the line 4- -4 of Fig. 3; Fig, 5 is-a partial endv iew of a means for attaching one, of the yokes, which extends .forwardly. from the'first crusher jaw, to ayieldable strap carried by the frame of the machine;

quite a straight line, and the movement oi the first named jaw is'controlled by arelativelyleng arm fioatin'gly mounted I relatively remote from the operative-face of-itsjawto-m inimize rocking of said jaw OnitSECCl-Bntfitlifi l I The -..pr.esent. invention also provides, "inassociation with a cyclically movable jaw, a grad- .ing device such as a screen or the like, upon which the. material;isz::received-ith'er beiore nectedto the shaft, ,such as an electric motor side frames of the machine.

be driven in. any. well, known manner 'fromany Figgfiis a side view of the attaching'means shown in Fig. 5 and viewedin'the direction of the arroyvsinl igj; Y I

Fig; 7 is a diagrammatic view of another'em bodiment of the present invention;

Figs. 8, 9 and 10 are additional diagrammatic, views 1 of other-embodiments of the presentinvention; and v 1 1 r Fig. 11 is a'diagrammatic view illustrating the relative movem'ent'of points on-the 'jaw=faces.

Referring to the'drawings, particularlyto Figs. 1 and2, the frame of the 'machine,'which may be supported on and from any suitable rigid base, is shown as comprising side: plates H! and I2 rigidly: held in spaced relationby any suitable means such area number ofcr'ossed connecting bolts l4. Extending substantiallycentrally and horizontally through the :frame,- and: adjacent one end'thereof,: is a drive shaft 16 "which is.

mounted inappropriate bearings carried by the suitable source of, power mounted on or conor an engine starry-appropriate typepthe'drive beingtrari'shrittiad tolthe shaft ifi by ahysuflable. means as gearing, belting etc more flywheels I! may be provid'ed oh the drive This shaft :may

shaft l5, and are here shown as positioned outside of the side plates Ill and ing their usual function.

As shown in Fig. 1, shaft I6 is provided with means for moving one of the jaws of the crusher in a cyclic path, i. e., a path in which any selected point on the jaw moves in a closed curve, said driving means preferably taking the form of an eccentric l8 mounted in a bearing extending longitudinally through the body 28 of the corresponding crusher jaw. The details of such driving means. may be those now commonly used in the art for driving the jaws of jaw crushers.

The inner face of the crusher jaw body 20 is preferably flat, and secured thereto as shown is a relatively flat removable jaw face, which may be made of any suitable wear-resisting material such as manganese steel. As is well known in the art, the operating face 22 may be vertically fluted or ribbed or otherwise formed, as shown at 24 in Fig. 2, to facilitate the crushing operation. This Plate 22 may be secured to the crusher body it in any appropriate manner as by a number of bolts 26 along the upper and lower edges of the plate and body, and also along the side edges thereof if necessary. A top plate 28 may be bolted to the crusher body and have a downwardly extending lower end to bear against the upper end of the crusher plate to give it additional support, and a similar bottom supporting strip or plate 28 may be likewise used in a similar manner.

Mounted on the frame of the machine between the side faces thereof is the other crusher jaw body here designated 30, and while this second crusher jaw body 30 may be independently'driven in suitably coordinated relationship with the first referred to jaw body, as by an eccentric or other suitable means for producing the cyclic motion hereinafter described, this crusher jaw body 3&9, to avoid the use of a separate eccentric or the like, is preferably connected with the jaw body 20 in such a manner, as hereinafter described, that movement is imparted to the jaw body 30 from the drive for the jaw body 20. But while the jaw body 29 moves bodily in a yclic or closed curved path toward and from the jaw body as, in movements of relative approach and recession with respect to the jaw body 30 to provide the crushing and recession strokes, said jaw body 20 also having upward and downward movements as hereinafter explained in detail, the jaw body 30 preferably has motion in a nearly if not quite l2, performrectilinear path.

Associated with said jaws and their driving means are also means for coordinating or synchronizing the motions of said jaws as herein after explained in detail, said means preferably taking the form of a relatively long arm associated with the jaw body 20 and floatingly mounted at its end remote from said jaw, to control the motion of said jaw with respect to its driving means and minimize the extent to which said jaw rocks on its driving means.

The inner face 32 of crusher jaw body 39 is opposed to the inner face 22 of the jaw body 2%, and if desired the operating surface thereof may be provided on a removable plate similar to plate 22, or said operating face may be integral with the body 30 of the jaw as is also true of'jaw 2D. In either event, it is desirable to have the working face of this jaw made of some abrasion-resisting As shown in Fig. 1, the working face 22 of the jaw 20 is substantially perpendicular to the horizontal, while the working face 32 of the jaw 30 is slightly inclined therefrom, or may be slightly curved, so that the two working faces converge downwardly toward one another to constitute a throat at the lower end of the space between said jaws. While the jaw face 32 is thus somewhat inclined, it may be said that the two jawfaces are substantially vertically disposed in the sense that they provide a path for the flow of material therebetween under the influence of gravity.

Attached to the opposite sides of the jaw 2% are substantially triangular-shaped arms or yokes 40, here shown as extending forwardly from the crushing face 22 thereof on the opposite sides of the jaw 30 and between the side frame members I0 and I2. The inner end or base of each yoke 45 is suitably flanged and connected by a bolt or bolts 42 to the jaw 20, the bolts being shown as passing through cylindrical collars 44, in the form illustrated in Fig. 2, which collars are here shown as formed integrally with the sides of the fixed jaw 20 adjacent the upper and lower ends thereof. The base of the yokes 40 may also be bolted to flanges along each side of the jaw 20 if desired.

As shown in Fig, 1, the top and bottom edges of each yoke 40 converge toward the apex end 4o of the yoke, where the yoke is provided with a floating mounting, by which term as used herein, is meant a mounting which permits relatively free movement in one direction during normal crushing operations but substantially opposes material movement in a direction at right angles to said first named direction except as the movement in question is substantially arcuate. In the form here shown, said floating mounting is provided by a yieldable connection with the frame of the machine, the details of this yieldable connection being shown in Figs. 5 and 6. In general, this yieldable connection is such that while horizontal movement of the forward or apex end of the yoke is permitted, substantial vertical movement thereof is prevented, whereby the crushing face 22 of the jaw. 20 will move bodily in a closed curved path toward and from the jaw face 32 while said jaw face 22 is moved upwardly and downwardly as hereinafter explained. Because of the relatively remote disposition of the floating mounting or yieldable connection at the end of the arm formed by the yokes 40 from the jaw face 22 and particularly its discharge end and also from the eccentric which drives the jaw 26, as compared with the distance of the eccentric from the jaw face 22 or more particularly the discharge end of the operative face of jaw 20, undesirable rocking of the crushing face of the jaw 201s prevented. Consequently, the jaw 20 is so controlled by said floating mounting cooperating with said jaw through said arm that its crushing face 22 maintains the desired substantially constant angular relationship with the opposed jaw face 32 throughout all movements of the jaw 20, without any substantial pivoting action of the yoke such as to cause an undesirable rocking of the face of jaw 20. In other words, owing to this floating control, the magnitude of movement of the upper end of jaw face 22 is substantially the same as that of the lower end of said face, all points on the face 22 having a crushing stroke which is substantially equal to the throw of the eccentric In the machine illustrated in the drawings,

the point of connection of the yoke with the frame of the machine. isz 'spaced from the center of the'eccentric amultipleofthe distance thexorder of four timesthej distance from the center of theeccentric tothe crushing face of the resulting from the operationof the eccentric I8 is controlled froma remote-point by. a floating connection-to the fixedframe structure, andthis controlis such that. anyverticalmovement'of jaw 20 but this ratiomay be'varied; the ratio of I a 4! having been selectedi as::mer.ely exemplary of the order preferred there'for, "Ihisrelatively remote location froinsthe face of the jaw of the point of connection of the yoke with the frame, as compared with the distance between the center of the eccentric and thefjaw: face, is important hecause-it insures that theniovement of the jaw face in an up anddown dire ction; i. e.-, at asubstantially right angle to'the lengthof the yoke, is nearly equal to the throw of the'eccentric, thereby'insuring maximum-jaw face movement in. this direction. While the'eccentric has .beenshown as on the remote side of the jaw from the floating connection, iti's apparent that the eccentric may be on the near side of the jaw 'as hereinafter explained, the ratio of distances preferably being in this latter'relationship, by suitable selection of the ratio, up and downmovementof the jaw face may beincreased with respect to the magnitude of the eccentric throw so that the movement of:

the jaw faces in-the directionof material flow, as hereinafter explainedmore fully; may be made largerthan the-eccentric throw.

ReferringagainjtojFig; 1', eachof the ends 46 of therespective-yokes 40 is rigidly secured in any suitable manner to two L-shaDed-cr0ss connect I ing plate '50, andboltedbetween said plates in maintained on-the same order as referred to, and

the ends46 of the yokes 40 is substantially resisted and movement'of the yokes'at this point is enforced to be substantially horizontal; Hence,- by this arrangement, and in cooperation with the functioning of the eccentric [8; together with'its position adjacent the jaw 20, said jaw and its.

crushingface 22 move bodily in a closed curved path both toward and away'from the jaw: 30 and itsv face 32, and upwardly and downwardly,

while the plane ofthe operating face 22 ofv the suming a foreign body that cannot be crushed,v

such as'a piece of metal; between the jaws,'the working parts ofthe machine will not be injured because-when the foreign. bodyreache's the lower areas of the "jaws below. the" driving shaft: the yieldability'of, the springs 'lllpermit's the jaw to turn about its shaft in-amanner not occurring.

in ordinary operations but sufiicient to release the foreign bodywithout injury to" the machine.

Referring toFigs. 5 and'fi, one manner of securingthe apexzends" of the-yokes 140 to the yieldable strap. 52 is illustrated. As shown in Fig. 5, the'end of each yoke carries an extending. pin I56; and secured around thispin isa removable strap I58 havinga longitudinal opening for'the pin I56, the strap being integralwith a collar I60 having a conicalsocket I62 extending at right I anglesto the "length of the pin I56. There is a fiangesof' the L-shaped membersBB; andat the upper edge. of the, strap it is; held between a third set of L-shaped members 6A; of length substan tially equal to the members 52 and 58. 1 The upper end of the strap 52 is bolted betweenthevertical flanges of the membersfifi, andvertically disposed bolts 66 extend between the horizontabfiangesflof.

the angle. members 58 and .64, there being a plurality of such "boltsextending across. the machine and betweenthe twosaidfianges as shown inFig, 2, andeach bolt 66 carries a yielding com.-

, pression spring 10 interposed between said horizontalflanges The, id portion of, the strap52 may be strengthened by one or more plates 12 arranged on. oppositesides thereof and heldtogetherin'any, suitable way as bybolts extending through the strap, as shown in Fig. 1.

The'strap '52 is; of such lmaterial, dimensions and'strength, and it is so "arranged; that it sub-.

stantially resistsvertical stretching or compression during normal operation; of the machine However, at zones 'M' between the upper and lower endsof the plates '12 and-the'lower and upper extremitiesof theangle members 64 audio, respectively, the strap a 52' is not rigidly-held,- and hence; at these points the strap is yieldable to flex;a limited extent in'the directionof the yokes.

' By thisarrangement, movement: of "the jaw 2.0

conical 'bolt'l secured in the socket I62, and the inner-end of said bolt. has a flange lBBIwhich may besecured, as. by welding; to an angle member' I68 attached to the horizontal flange of the angle member 50. The arrangement of' parts, shown in Figs. 5 and 6 ,'=is duplicated on .opposite sides of the machine for each'yoke; r

As before reierredto, the "jaw'3ll1is preferably so connected .to the jaw 20 as tohav'emovement impartedto itlby said 'jaw 20; A suitable arrangement is shown in detail in Figs ,3'-and.4. First referring to Figyl," however, it willibe noted-that the lower arm of each yoke 40 adjacent its inner end hasa downwardly extending. plate Suitably securedas by-welding orbolting tothe inner face of each of-these plates is asleeve-82 h'aving' a central web 83' (Fig. 3) forming: upperian'd lower chambers Miand 8 6 having curved f inner walls; There. is a central openingi88f extending through the web; 83. Similar sleeves 90' are secured to the the yokes 4i] adjacent to the inner ends thereof and on each side of the 'jaw3fl'is positioned a motion imparting rod 96; The lower end'bt'each rod has'secured thereto a circular flange I00 which is spaced somewhat from the lower edge'ofthe sleeve 82; 'In the lower chamber of the sleeve 82;between the web 83'and theinner face of the Q flange U10; isa yieldable bushinglfll, ofv molded rubber or other suitable material, and the rod 96 extends through the central opening 88 as well as through acentral opening in 'the rubber bushing I 0 l There is; also a second" flange 02 fixed againstupward movement on the rod -96 by bearing against a tapered portion I04 on the rod 95, and this second flange IE2 is slightly spaced from the upper end of the sleeve 82, while a second and similar bushing I08, of molded rubber or other suitablematerial, is disposed in the chamber 84 between said flange IIlZand the web 83 with the rod 96 extending through a central aperture in said bushing. The upper end of the rod 96 is connected to the sides of the second jaw 30 substantially centrally of the height thereof by means which may be identical'with those previously described at the lower end of the rod 96, including the webbed sleeve and yieldable bushings.

As indicated in Fig. 3, the lower sleeves 82 may be secured in any suitable manner, as by welding at I50, to the inner faces of the downwardly depending plates 80 carried by'the lower arms of the yokes 40. The upper sleeves 90 on the connecting rod 96 may be secured in a'similar manner to the opposite outside faces of the jaw 30, but in order to maintain the connecting rods 96 in vertical planes, channel members I52 having side webs of proper width may be interposed between the side walls of the jaws 30 and the shells of the upper sleeves 9B. These shells may be welded as at I54 to the connecting webs of the channel members, or otherwise attached thereto, and the side webs of said channel members may be similarly welded to the jaw 30.

By the arrangement just described when the movable jaw 20 moves through its curved path of motion said jaw, by reason of the described connection between the lower arms of the yokes 40 and the sides of the'jaw 3i], will-have imparted thereto a reciprocating motion, by which is meant motion back and forth along the same or approximately the same line, in synchronism with the cyclic motion of the first jaw 29. The downward movement of the jaw 39 will be substantially coincident with the downward movement of the jaw 20, and upward movement of the jaw 3i] will be correspondingly coincident with the upward movement of the jaw 20. However, while one particularmeans for interconnecting said jaws so that they move upwardly and downwardly in unison as referred to has been described with considerable particularity, it is to be expressly understood that any other suitable means for driving the jaw 30 from the jaw 20 may be employed.

The arms of yokes 40 have been shown as extending forwardly from the crushing face 22 of the jaw 20 and in the direction of and beyond the second jaw face, this arrangement having a number of advantages as previously referred to. It is to be understood, however, that more broadly considered the principle of the present invention may be employed in a machine in which the arms carried by the first jaw and which are yieldably connected with the frame as hereinabove described may extend from the first jaw in directions other than that illustrated in the drawings as will be apparent from further embodiments of this invention to be described.

As before referred to, the jaw 30 is preferably so controlled that the movement imparted thereto is one of reciprocation in a nearly if not quite rectilinear path. In the form shown, the rear face of the jaw 30 has extending horizontally across the same, and adjacent th upper and lower ends thereof, spaced parallel grooves III) and in said grooves are received for pivotal movement the inner ends of upper and lower pivot plates II2, such plates having a length substantially equal to the width of the jaw 38 and being of substantially the same width and parallelly disposed. The outer edges of the plates II2 are supported for verticalpivotal movement in similar upper and lower grooves H4 and H6 which extend across the inner faces of horizontal supporting blocks H8 rigidly mounted on the frame of the machine. The opposite pivoting edges of each plate II2 are rounded, in the form shown, on an arc whose center is midway along the width of the plates as viewed in Fig. 1. By this arrangement the movement of the jaw 39 is restrained so that any point on the working face 32 of this jaw moves upwardly and downwardly along the same straight line so long as the extent of movement is not such as to bring the point of contact between each end surface of a plate H2 and its cooperating working face off of said arc.

However, by providing knife-edged or other suitable surfaces of contact between the opposite ends of the plates 2 and the corresponding faces on the jaw and blocks II8 the movement of the jaw 30 may depart slightly from a precise rectilinear path, the plates 1 I2 constituting a parallel motion linkage whereby the face of the jaw 30 remains always parallel to itself. By varying the length or angularity of said plates even precise parallel motion may be departed from, but the jaw 30 preferably has such a motion that it oscillates along nearly if not exactly a path in which its face is at all times parallel to itself. Thus while thejaw 20 moves in a closed curved path, the movement of the second jaw 30 is substantially that of reciprocation, and this change of movement or dissimilar paths are permitted by the yieldableconnection between the jaws as previously described. Hence the jaw 30 dos not move bodily toward and away from the jaw 20, but merely oscillatesalong a substantially straight line path which is roughly parallel to the direction of material flow while the relative approach and recession'of the jaws toward and away from each other are effected solely by the cyclic movement of the jaw 20.

In order to hold the jaw 30 against the plates H2 a tie rod I20 is shown as connected to a bracket on the outer face of the jaw 30 and fixed to the frame of the machine in any suitable manner as by a bracket at I2l. It is preferable to yieldingly hold the jaw 3'!) against the plates II2 and for this purpose the tie rod I20 may be spring mounted within cylinder I22 so that a yielding outward pull is applied to the jaw 30 to hold it against said plates II2 while permitting reciprocating movement of said jaw.

In the form shown, a number of additional bolt holes I23 are provided in the extension plates 54 and 56 whereby the plates 60 carrying the angle members 58 may be adjusted to various positions to change the directionof the restraining infiuence at the outer ends of the yokes 49. By altering the position of thes plates BI the motion of the jaw 20 may be varied to some extent.

The spacing of the jaw 30 from the jaw 21! may be adjusted by varying the horizontal position of the lower end of jaw 30. For this purpose, the position of the lower plate H2 may be changed toward or from the crushing face 32 by the insertion or removal of shims I30 between the lower block I I8 and an angle member I32 secured to the frame and supporting the toggle block I18 and said shims. Additional shims I34 may be provided around'the opposite ends of the bolts I36 which extend through the block I It and hold it rigidly against the angle member I32.

These bolts extend through the additional cross frame members I38, in the form shown, and the tion at thetop. or bottom. of the'jaw.

position or the block, mean bevariedby, chang ne the sh rnis' fr m heir nositionsin theflan or other equivaientmeans; if it isinecessary to adjust the same such,- shims may be provided: in the manner previously described "in connection with the lower. block H8. -The bolts ldfl w hich ment' of approach occupyingsubstantially the. last half of their upward movement and first. half of their downward movement, while their relative movement; of recession occupies sub.-

stantially the last half of their downward move? ment and'the first half or their upward move-* ment. To express it otherwise, the operating faces are moving as awhole downwardly in the direction of material'flow during tthe: last half secure .the upper block 8- may be conveniently used for suspending thespring cylinder: I22 for the tie rod. I20,-. as by-fmeans of thebraeket or strap i2l shown in Rig. 1;. 71

Referring to the operating onwbr-king face 32 of jaw 3ii-itis shown-asprogressively flaredoutwardly adjacentits upper end, as at I42, to-widen the openingrinto'which :the material may be fed. The central portion of this crusher face converges downwardly, in a plane WI.v Atthe-lower end of plane I44 the operating face may beprovided with further progressively beveled areas as shown at MS, until the lower portionof these areas become almost parallel with the face; 22 of the jaw 20. However, any other suitable: shape of jaw facesmay be used. i

As shown in Fig; 1, thereisvan additional pair of plate grooves IM extending acrosstherear face ofthe jaw 3c below the grooves-llll, These additional grooves maybe used if it becomes necessary tov reverse the position of thejaw end for end whenthe lower portionof" the crushing facebecomes worn.. Ifthis provision-for reversibility is thus desired, the upper and lower areas 842 and I46. of v the jawgface. may bevidentically beveled or flared so that either may rune- In operation,-rockis continuously fed opening between the crushing faces and power is applied tothe: shaftlii -to -move "the's ,ame

rapidly, in acounterclockwise' direction as viewed in the drawings. The operatingorrworlg-ing facesof the jaws form a hopper-like chamber as illustrated,v the side walls of the-,hopper-being prov-idedby'the vertical platesibetween the confnto the of theirvrelative approach and first half of their. relative recession, and moving in the direction opposite to that'of'material flow-during the last.

half of their relative recession and first half of their relative approach. y-Thus considering theeccentric I8 with its: maximum eccentricity at the position of vtwelve ona clock dial, and remembering that as illustrated the jaw 20 is moving in a counterclockwise direction, during the first quadrant of move-' ment said jaw faces are relatively approaching but moving downwardly; during their second quadrant of movement the faces continue their downward movement but they are'relatively-receding; during the third quadrant of movement the faces continuetheir relative recession and:

start movingupwardly;. and during the fourth 'quadrantof movement the faces complete their upward movement and initiate their relative approachtorstart thecrushing 'stroke; The:foregoing is diagrammatically illustratedin Figell wherein'like reference characters correlate-the partsv to corresponding partsiin Fig; l

(but allarger-eccentric. throwis. assumed to pro- 'portionately. increase the size of the orbit diagrams), and wherein' iseshown the orbits of movement .of the uppermost point, midpointand low- ,ermost pointonthe face 22 of jaw ifl during verging'arms of the yoke 4am lateral align ment with the-l space between: the-working faces of the jaws. By reason'of 'the location of the eccentric 1-8: or equivalent drive the jaw 20 closely adjacent to the crushing face 22 as ell as the manner in which the movement of: the jaw 2 0 is controlled by tha floating, mounting at the free ends ofthe yokes *Mlythecrushing: face 22 moves'bodily int-a-closedcurvedpathtm ward and from the crushing;face-;32w-hile simulone completecycle of' movement. Inasmuch as the face 32 ofjaw3c isrconstrained to move upwardly. andv downwardly; with the yokes 4!) while the character of its .movementsis determined bytheNpIateslI Z, no diagrammatic indication or v thelrnovement of'points on-the face 32 has been attempted because, owing to. the substantially straight-line movement introduced by the par-*- allel linkage H2, every point on the face v3? is: raveling in substantiallya straight line. How,- ever, as the faced-2r is time moving, in its upward and downward movements, insynchronism with the correspondingv movements of face 22, v

itfis to bev borne in mind that in :the'diagram depicted inl- Fig. 1-1. the uppermost-point, mid:-

taneously moving upwardlynand'tdownwardly.

There is substantially no rockingor) pivoting action at the face 2 2:, andtherefore-it;iszmain tained in; substantially constant angular rela-' tionship with the horizontal duringjits: movement. Simultaneously with-the movements of the jaw' 20 the jaw-40' is movedfupwardly and downwardly in asubstantially: rectilinear path the'upward and downwardimovementswof the operating facesyof ,the 'two' jaws being simultaneous andlof substantially the-same magnitude by reason of the interconnection between the two jaws, although their pathsi'a're dissimilar. 5

Throughout the movement jof-bothjaws their entire faces, consideredas;,awholc, 'have substantially a; semicycle during which thetwo jaw faces are relatively approaching and substanandlowermost points on face :32. I i

tially a semicycle' -during which the two jaw faces; are"relatively-receding;1 the relative mcve-- point/andlowermost. point of the face 32 are substantially in.horizontaLalignmentat all timeswith' the corresponding points onface 22; so I that at any instant in the; cycle of operation of the cooperating jaws the then location of Y the uppermost point, I midpoint and lowermost point on the 'f ace 32 can be determinedby projecting horizontal lines fromfthepoints then reached.

by the corresponding points oncface :22 in their,

orbital: diagrams, and; where: such-horizontal lines intersect theestr aight a line delineating; the movement of face i 32v substantially determines theinstantaneous location of the uppermost mid Therefore,- the movement of the operating faces of the jaws in the direction of; material flow is substantially equalin amount so that relative motion to cause grinding ,and' wearing between the operating faces is substantially avoided. At-the same" time the motionof they operating faces in the direction of material flow lasts for a substantially semicycle, during the a zh l r t u s s ok nd e: fi st-ha f,

of the recession stroke. Therefore, during the last half of the crushing stroke a substantial momentum is imparted to the material being crushed in a downward direction, and at the close of the crushing stroke, at which time the jaws are moving at substantially their maximum speed in the direction of discharge, said jaws relatively recede rather rapidly so as to free the crushed material at the throat of the space be-. tween said jaws whereby said material may flow freely from the throat under the momentum of said downward movement. While this initiation of rapid recession of the jaw faces at their discharge end at the moment of greatest downward speed facilitates the clearing of the throat at the lower end as explained, it is to be further noted that even inthe upper zones of the jaw faces the rapid recession of the jaws at this moment of greatest downward acceleration of the jaw faces throws the material in those upper zones a further distance downward than would be accomplished if gravity alone were the only force moving the material on its way through the crusher. Then during the first half of the time when the jaws are moving in the direction opposite to that of material flow, they continue to move apart relatively.

As before explained, the magnitude of the crushing stroke that can be used in crushing hard non-compressible material is determined by the amount of void space in that material, because as soon as the stroke has moved far enough to use up the void spaces, the material begins to pack so that if the stroke continues the machine would either stall or break. The fines gravitate under the crushing action to the lower portion of the space between the operating faces of the jaws, and it is therefore at the throat where the jaws are closest together that packing is most likely to take place. However, the present invention provides a highly efiicient means to avoid packing by scattering the material in the finishing zone and moving the crushed material rapidly out of the throat. As compared with structures heretofore proposed employing jaws both of which move in the direction of material flow but by reason of the operating mechanism employed the magnitude of this movement cannot exceed one half of the relative movements of approach and recession. the present invention provides a movement in the direction of material flow which is mate rially greater than one half of the movement of relative approach or recession, preferably on the order of that movement, without use of additional driving means. material acquired during the last part of the crushing stroke and immediately thereafter is on the order of twice that heretofore obtained so that when the jaws start to recede relatively, at which time gravity begins to act on the crushed material released at the throat, said material al- I-Ience the momentum of the I ready has a relatively high speed on which the acceleration of gravity is superimposed.

Furthermore, as will be apparent, the speed at which pressure jaws can be operated depends upon the rate at which the crushed material may be discharged from the throat. If such material when released is accelerated only by gravity, starting from zero speed, the jaws cannot be brought back toward each other on the next crushing stroke in so short an interval of time that the gravity-fed material has not accelerated sufficiently to get clear of the approaching jaws. The present invention, however, by substantially doubling the distance of movement in the direction of material flow over what is obtained when the magnitude of motion in the direction of material flow is only half the crushing stroke, doubles the distance (assuming the same magnitude of crushing stroke) during which the material is being rapidly accelerated downwardly by the jaws before the jaws start to open to permit gravity to act, whereby the material is positively and rapidly impelled out of the throat between the jaws. This not only enables the jaws to be speeded up but the increased speed in turn increases the acceleration of the material. Therefore the accumulative effect is a relatively large and disproportionate increase in the capacity of a crusher embodying the present invention.

The present invention also enables the operating surfaces at. the throat to be brought more closely together. The fineness of material leaving the crusher is a function of the spacing of the jaw surfaces at the throat, but with structures heretofore proposed the tendency to pack at the throat due to the smaller percentage of voids and therefore the limitation on the magnitude of the stroke, has made impossible as close spacing of the surfaces at the throat as is desirable. The present invention enables the surfaces at the throat to be set at a fraction of what has heretofore been considered feasible, thereby enabling finer as well as more rapidcrushing. Additionally, the foregoing can be accomplished without decreasing the size of the inlet opening to the space between the crusher faces, so that the crusher may still operate upon relatively large pieces. In other words, the ratio between the inlet and outlet openings in the passage'between the crusher faces can be materially increased by reason of the present invention.

By reason of the connection between the two jaw members the face 32 not only moves upwardly and downwardly in synchronism with the movements of the face 22, but in the embodiment shown, the face 32 reciprocates back and forth in a substantially straight line, which may be eX- actly a straight line when the members H2 are constructed as heretofore explained, or by use of a parallel linkage motion comparable thereto the face 32 will always remain parallel to itself. However, it is to be expressly understood that the invention is not limited to movement of the face 32 in an exactly straight line or maintenance of exactly parallel relationship, because, by some variation in the length of the elements H2 or in their angularity, somedeparture from a straight line or parallel linkage movement may be produced while retaining much of the advantage of the present invention. Therefore, the reference herein to oscillatory movement of the jaw face 32 is to be understood as embracing small departures from the movements obtained when a parallel linkage or straight line mechanism is employed as illustrated.

During the last half of the movement of the jaw faces in the direction of material flow they are receding relatively because the eccentric is in the second quadrant above referred to. This movement of relative recession is continued into the third quadrant above referred to, during which the jaw faces are moving in the opposite direction to that of material flow, and hence the material is not being moved contrary to the normal direction of flow under gravity during this period prior tothe initiation of the next crushing stroke.

The improved operation above described, and particularly the increased movement of the jaw faces in the direction of material flow, isobtained by-the same mechanism" as produces the relative movements of approach and recession, so that the difficulties and complexities incident to the superposition of a crank motion on top of the motion imparted to jaws by a plurality of eccentrics has been avoided. Furthermore, in the preferred embodiment so far described, theentire from one another is dueto the movement of the jaw under the action of its eccentric, and while the jaw 38' moves up and downin synchronism with the jaw 28, it has little or no'movement transversely with respectto its op'erating'face, and .its entire motion-is obtained from the movementsof thejaw 20. It will also'be noted that in conformity with the present invention the eccentric of the jaw 20 is disposed closely adjacent to the operating face of said'jaw where the full movement of the eccentric is available for'moving the face of this jaw. At the same time the use of a relatively long arm with a floating suspension at the end thereof relatively remote from said jaw face enables the jaw to be so controlled that it has very little rocking'motion on the eccentric-in other words, the jaw -is-so controlled that its operating' face maintains a; position which is always substantially parallel to itself Hencethe movement of portions of the operating'faces toward each other while other portions of said faces are moving away from-each other hasbeen substantiall'y eliminated. At the same time,' the yieldable character ofthe floating mounting enables the'j'aw'ZIl to turn'on the eccentric'in the event that a noncrushable piece of material enrelative movement of the jaws toward'an'd away v ters the space between the jaw faces below the eccentric, whereby breakage of "the machine is avoided. w k I The importance of removing I fines from the material so as to avoid packing has heretofore been pointed out. For everyicubicinch of fines removed there will be an additional cubicinch of void space between the coarser particles available to permit a crushing 'strokefof greater mag nitude than would be possible if the fines remined in the crushed material. Thus the elimination of the fines before the material reaches the throat of the space between the faces of-zthe jaws means that the jaw faces at the discharge endmay be set much closer than has heretofore ment of the eccentrically operated jaw to facilitate the removal of the'flnes. To facilitate understanding of the invention this embodiment,

andsucceeding embodiments to be described, have been shown only diagrammatically, but it is to be expressly understood that the construction of the' component parts may be the same as more particularly described in conjunction with the embodiments of Figs. 1 and 2, or any other suitablejconstruction of component elements may be employed. I

Referring in detail to Fig. 7, jaw I18 is driven from an eccentric I11 analogously as the jaw 20 of Figs. 1 and 2, while the second jaw I12 is constrained to moveina substantially straight line b-ymeans of parallel motion links I13 which correspond with the plates 2 of Figs. 1 and 2. Jaw I10 is mounted on an elongated arm or yoke In which at its free end I15 is shown as provided with a floatingimounting here diagrammatically indicated-as a link I18 pivoted on the frame at I11. In this embodiment the jaw I12 is moved up "and down'synchronouslywith the jaw I10 by links I18 pivoted to the arm orryoke I14 at I19 and' to'the jaw I12 at I88, like links I18 being I employed atopposite sides of the machine.

As here illustrated the operating faces of the jaws I10 and I12 are divided :into two portions 181 IBZ-and I83,-I84, the jaw faces I81 and I83 beingon' the jaw I18 and the jaw faces I82, I84 being on the jaw I12. As apparent from the drawings, each'of the spaces between the pairs of cooperating faces I8I, I82 and I83, I84 are inclined toward each other to produce throats at I85 and 186. Mounted on thejaw I18 below, but in alignment with, the throat I85 is a grader device in' the-formofa, screen I81 adapted to receive the discharge from the throat I85;

I As the screen I81 is mounted on thejaw I10, it will partake of thesame cyclic movement as heretofore described as possessed 'by. said jaw H0. The fines which are removed from the crushed material by means o'f-the screen I81 may flow from the crusher through passage I88 while the coarser. material is delivered from the screen I81 to the inlet I89 to the space between the second pair of cooperatirig faces I83, I84.

been possible while the magnitude of the crusher stroke may be retained. As this enables finer creasing the size of the opening at the inlet=end in which the material to be crushed isintroduced into the space between the'crusherjawsi Fig. 7 illustrates diagrammatically; an embodiment of the' present'inventiomwhich includes means for removing the fines '1 in the course :of the traverse of the material between "the operating facesof the jaws and which,:in the preferred embodiment; takes'advantage'of the cyclic move"- feature of the present invention Thusat an intermediate point in the traverse of th'ematerial through the crusher the crushed 'mat'erial is delivered from the throat I851t0 the 'graderscreen I81. As the faces I8I; I82 and the faces I83, I84 and the grader device I81 are mounted on jaws having movement as heretofore described in detail with respect to. the movement of Figs. 1 and 2, the characteristic operation above explainedapplies equally to this embodiment. During the first and second iquadrants of movement above referred to, the

jaw-"faces I8'I andI82 are moving. downwardly in synchronism to impart momentum to the .material being crushed, and thenduring the second part of this movement 'inth'e direction ofjmaterial flow the-faces I 8|, I82 are moving rather rapidly'awayfrom each other to free the material at the throat I85 to-the action of'gravity superimposed upon the momentum already imparted' to'the material. Hence'the crushed material-is delivered at relatively"= high speed from the throat I85 and received by the grader screen I81. As' this screen is also'in motion, partaking of the same cyclic motion'as the jaw I10, the lines are quickly cleared through the passage I88, while the coarserma .terial flows into the inlet I89 of the space between the'faces I83, I84 where this material is subjected to a further crushing action. As the characteristic'voids between the larger particles have been largely cleared of the fines, surfaces I83 and I84 may be setgmore closely together at the throat I86 and while still using the same magnitude of crushing stroke a finer crushing is obtained. The crushed material is then again delivered from the throat I86 at high speed in conformity with the principles above discussed. Hence finer crushing can be obtained while the ratio between the area at the throat I86 and the inlet I90 maybe made several times larger thanwas heretofore considered feasible.

The embodiment of Fig. '7 also shows'as within -the broader aspects of the present invention the use of additional grader elements for separating the fines from the coarser material, to take advantage of the cyclic movement of the eccentrically driven jaw in order to facilitate grading of the material, and which maybe used with any of the other embodiments described. As here illustrated a screen I9I is mounted in any suitable way as by brackets I92 and I93 so that fines may be discharged from the material being delivered to the inlet I 90, and another grader device I94 is shown as suitably mounted, as by brackets I95 and I 96, for separating the fines from the coarser material delivered from the throat I86, as may be desirable if said coarser material is to be subjected to a further crushing action;

The embodiment of Fig. 8 illustrates the use of a plurality of grader devices, operating between successive pairs of crushing faces. As here shown, the faces of the jaws III! and, I12 are provided with three pairs of crushing faces 209, 2UI and 282, 2813 and 204, 205 which define the spaces leading to throats respectively-indicated at 296, 281 and 208/ Below and aligned with the throats 206 and 26'! are grader screens 209 and 2H] for separating the fines and delivering the coarser material to the inlet to the space between the succeedin pair of jaw faces. The fines so separated are withdrawn through passages 2H and 2I2. While only three sets of pairs of cooperating jaw faces and two sets of intermediate grader devices have been illustrated in this embodiment, it is apparent that the number may be increased to any desired extent in accordance with the crushing action desired, and for some purpose a fewer number of grader devices than pairs of crushing faces may be used without departing from the broader aspects of the present invention.

Figs. 9 and 10 illustrate diagrammatically yet other embodiments of the present invention to show both the incorporation of the aforesaid grading means in crushers and also to illustrate other features of the invention as previously referred to.

In the embodiment of Figs. 1 and 2 the relatively long arms or yokes 48 are shown as extending on the opposite side of the jaw face 22 from the body 20. This is not essential, as the arms or yokes may extend on the opposite side of the eccentric from the jaw face as shown in Fig. 9, wherein the jaw 2I5 operated by an eccentric 2I6 cooperates with a jaw 2I'I restrained to substantially rectilinear movement by parallel motion links 2I8. Jaw 2I5 has relatively long arms or yokes 2I9 provided with floating mountings at their free ends as by links 220. Jaw 2I'I is moved from jaw 2I5 as by one or more links 22I pivoted to jaw 2I'I at 222 and to an extension .on the jaw 2I5 at 223. In this embodiment the operating faces of the jaws are, shown as subdivided into two pairs of jaw faces separated by a throat at 224 in alignment with which is a grading device 225 as heretofore explained.

In all of the embodiments so far described the long arms or yokes have been shown as extending from the eccentrically operated jaw in a substantially horizontal direction, but the same principles apply if the long arms or yokes extend in a substantially vertical direction or at any intermediate angle. Thispis illustrated in the embodiment of Fig. 10 wherein'the jaw 226 operated by eccentric22'l cooperates with jaw 228 restrained to substantially rectilinear movement by parallel motion links 229 and operated from the jaw 226 as by links 230. In this embodiment the long arms or yokes 23I extend substantially vertically to floating mountings again illustrated as in the form of links 232 pivoted to the frame of the machine. As in the least embodiment described the jaw faces are shown as subdivided into two pairs of cooperating faces and a grader device 233 is positioned to separate the fines delivered by the throat 234.

In all of the embodiments so far described the oscillatory jaw, i. e., the jaw that moves in or nearly to a straight line in the direction of material flow, has been shown as moved from the eccentrically driven jaw, and this is the preferred practice in the interest of, economy of initial cost and operating and maintenance expense, because it eliminates the need for separate driving means for the two jaw members together with intermediate gearing for synchronizing their respective movements.- However, this is not essential to the broader aspects of the present invention as will be apparent to those skilled in the art.

In each of the embodiments it will be observed that the distance from the eccentric to the discharge end of the operative or crushing face of the eccentrically driven jaw is materially less than the distance from said eccentric to the floating mounting of said eccentrically driven jaw. While the relatively long arm or yoke 40 associated with the eccentrically driven jaw of Figs. 1 and 2 has been shown as having. a certain ratio in length to the distance of the jaw face from its eccentric it is to be expressly understood that the invention is not limited to such a ratio as said arm is desirably made as long as permitted by an acceptable size of installation and in practice the arm 40 of Figs. 1 and 2 would preferably be made longer, as has been illustrated in Fig. '7 as well as other figures.

It will therefore be perceived that by reason of the character of the driving and controlling means which coordinate the movements of the jaws of a crusher as here provided each and all of the several objects of the present invention have been accomplished by reason of the novel character of the motions imparted to the operating faces of the jaws as hereinabove explained in detail. .By reason of the character of said motions the material may be more rapidly and effectively crushed and discharged from the cooperating pairs of crusher faces, and the capacity of the crusher can be greatly increased by driving it at a much higher speed. These advantageous results have been further increased by the important feature of the present invention where by utilizing the movement of a movable jaw the fines may be separated from the material being crushed, particularly between upper and lower zones or succeeding portions of the operating faces. Furthermore, the foregoing'advantages are obtained by utilizing the same means as drives the crusher members in obtaining the improved character of relative motion without involving the complications and disadvantages implicit in superimpoisng additional motions on the motions obtained from the driving eccentric or eccentrics. While as above explained the invention may be embodied in constructions using separate driving means for the two jaw members, the present invention provides the advantage of enabling the desired motions to be attained through use of a single driving means for one of the jaws and operating the other jaw therefrom. At the same time the foregoing advantages have been obtained by the use of a construction which is rugged, simple, highly eficient in operation, and possessed of relatively low initial, operating and maintenance costs. Y

While the embodiments of the invention illustrated on the drawings havebeen described with considerable particularity, it is to be; expressly "comprising a power shaftand eccentrim isaideccentricb'odily moving the. crushing face of one'of 'saidjaws in a closed curved' path toward and from said second jaw, said eccentric'moving'said r'face downwardly during its motion. toward. and from said second jaw and upwardly during its motion from and toward said second jaw, an arm extending from said first jaw substantially in the direction'of movement thereof toward and from at a pointfsufiiciently remote from said ecunderstood that the invention is not restricted thereto, as the same is capable of receiving a variety of mechanical expressions that will now be apparent to those skilled in v the art, while changes may be made in the details of construction, arrangement and proportion of parts, and I certain features usedwithout other features,

without departing from the spirit of this inven- 5 tion. It is to be expresslyunderstood that while in the embodiments of Figs; 1 and 2 one form of cooperating jaw members, means for moving one at its free end, have been illustrated and described in detail the 'invention is not restricted thereto as any suitable jaw members, any suit able driving means therefor, any .suitable 'means for driving one jaw from the other, and any suitable means for controlling the movement of a'jaw in conformity with the principles of this invention may be employed without departing from the spirit thereof. Reference is therefore tobe had to the appended claims for a definition of said invention. i a

This application is a continuation in part of my application Serial No. 375,985, filed January 25, 1941, and entitled Rock crusher.-

What is claimed is:

1. In a crusher, a pair of cooperating jaws having opposed crushing faces, a power shaft for one of said jaws, eccentric means on said'shaft for bodily moving said oneof said jaws in a. path of movement downwardly and upwardlyandtm ward and from the other-of said jaws, said one of said jaws having an'arm thereon'projecting jaw from the othen'and means for controlling the P jaw by a relatively long arm floatingly mounted centric so that resistance to movement at right angles to the length of said arm at said point prevents substantial rocking movement of the crush- .ing face of said first jaw, and'means operated jaw in a closed curved path toward and'from said second jaw, said eccentric moving said face downwardly during its'motion toward and from said second jaw and upwardlyduring its motion from and towardsaid second jaw, an armextend-ing forwardly from the face of said-first jaw-and"be yond said second jaw, means operatively connectedbetweensaid armand' said 'second 'jaw for I imparting movement to the latter in synchronism 0nd jaw; 4.0

with the movement of said first'jaw, and means for m ovably supporting said arm beyond said sec- 4;. In acrusher, a frame, first and second cooperating jaws supported by'said framewith opposed vertically disposed crushing faces converging. downwardly with respect to one another,

means for bodily moving the crushing face'of said first jaw in a closed curved path toward and from said second jaw, means for controlling such move- 'sa'id'se'cond jaw and upwardly during'its motion 1 from'and toward said second jaw, means operjatively connected with and interposed between said jaws for imparting the motion of said first from said jaw and extending therefrom substantially in the direction of movement thereof from and toward the other of said'jaws, and meansfor supporting said arm as a point sufficiently remote from said eccentric means so that resistance durment fto maintain theplane of the crushing face of said first jaw at a substantially constant angle to the horizontal, said means moving said face downwardly during its motion toward and from jaw to said second'jaw, and means between said second named jaw and said frame for enforcing reciprocating movement of said'second jaw, said 5. Ina crusher, a pair of jaws having opposed crushing fac'es,' one of said jaws having a bearing 7 behind its crushing face, a rotary eccentric coing normal operation to upward and downward movement of said arm at said point will prevent substantial rocking movement of -'the-c'rushing face of said jaw, said supporting means" permitting full movement of s'aidarm with said one of said jaws in its movement from and toward the other ofsaid jaws, said supporting meansbeing. arrangedto yield inv a direction which permits rocking of --said ,eccentrically driven jaw about the eccentric when noncrushable material is encountered bytheijaws r 2. Ina crusher, a frame,;-first and second cooperatinsii s' r ied by sa frame ithppposed crushing faces, means for'driving'said jaws operating with said bearing to move said first jaw -downwa'rd1y and upwardly and toward and from the otherfjaw, an arm on said one of said jaws extending past said other of's'aid jaws, means for movably supporting the free end of said arm so as to accommodate movements 'of said first jaw, means backing said other jaw and guiding the said other jaw whereby the latter is moved downwardly and upwardly with said first jaw,

6. In a crusher, first and second jaws having opposed crushing faces defining a downward path therebetween for the passage of material'through the otherjaw, means for movably supportingsaid 'JELWS moving upwardly and downwardly togetherQ same for reciprocation downwardly and upwardly, and connecting means between said eccentric and the crusher, rotary eccentric means arranged to move the first jaw, means cooperative with the eccentric means to control the motion of the first jaw, said cooperative means comprising an arm projecting horizontally from the first jaw past the second jaw, and means supporting the outer end of the arm whereby upon each rotation of the eccentric means said first jaw is moved as a whole through a crushing stroke and a receding stroke relative to the second jaw, said first jaw in the crushing stroke moving first inwardly toward the second jaw and upwardly and then downwardly while continuing inwardly, and in the receding stroke moving first outwardly relative to the second jaw and downwardly and then upwardly while continuing outwardly, means guiding the second jaw for reciprocation along the path of material fiow, and means connecting the jaws so that movement of the first along the path of fiow is imparted from the first to the second.

7. In a crusher, first and second jaws having opposed crushing faces defining a downward path therebetween for the passage of material through the crusher, rotary eccentricmeans arranged to move the first jaw disposed behind and between the upper and lower ends of the latters face, means cooperative with the eccentric means to control the motion of the first jaw, said cooperative means comprising an arm projecting horizontally from the first jaw past the second jaw, and yieldable means supporting the outer end of the arm whereby upon each rotation of the eccentric means said first jaw is moved as a' whole through a crushing stroke and a receding stroke relative to the second jaw, said supporting means being spaced from said eccentric means a distance which is a multiple of the distance between said eccentric means and the crushing face of said first jaw, said first jaw in the crushing stroke moving first inwardly toward the second jaw and upwardly and then downwardly while continuing inwardly, and in the receding stroke moving first outwardly relative to the second jaw and downwardly and then upwardly-while continuing outwardly, means guiding the second jaw for reciprocation along the path of material flow, and means connecting the jaws so that movement of the first along the path of flow is imparted from the first to the second in like direction.

8. In a crusher, opposed crushing jaws posifor controlling the movement of said jaw from a point remote from the crushing face of said jaw, means for oscillating the other of said jaws from said first named means, said two last means cooperating to maintain a substantially constant angular relationship between the crushing faces of said jaws, the faces of said jaws being subjaw at a substantially constant predetermined angular relationship to the horizontal, and means for reciprocating said second jaw in the general direction of material flow.

10. In a crusher, in combination with a supporting frame, cooperating first and second crusher jaws having opposed crushing faces positioned to provide a path for the flow of material therebetween, means for driving said first jaw to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, control means forsaid first jaw having mounting means cooperating therewith at a location remote from the crushing face of said first jaw to maintain the crushing face of said first jaw substantially parallel t itself at all times, and means driven from said driving means for reciprocating said second jaw.

11. In a crusher, in combination with a supporting frame, cooperating first and second crusher jaws having opposed crushing faces positioned to provide a path for the fiow of material therebetween, means for driving said first jaw to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, a control member for said first jaw having mounting means cooperating therewith to restrain movement of said member 'adjacent said mounting means during normal operation to a movement approximately normal to the crushing face of said first jaw, means movably mounting said second jaw directly on said frame to transmit the stress on said jaw directly to said frame, and means operatively connected to said first jaw for reciprocating said second jaw.

12. In a crusher, in combination with a supporting frame, cooperating first and second crusher jaws having opposed crushing faces positioned to provide a .path for the flow of material therebetween, means for driving said first jaw to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, an arm projecting from said first jaw, mounting means cooperating with said arm at a location remote from the crushing face of said first jaw and coacting with said driving means to maintain the crushing face of said first jaw substantially parallel to itself throughout its path of movement, and means for reciprocating said second jaw with its crushing face maintained at a substantially constant angular relationship to the crushing face of said first jaw.

13. In a crusher, in combination with a supporting frame, cooperating first and second crusher jaws having opposed crushing faces positioned to provide a path for the flow of material therebetween, means for driving said first jaw to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, control means for said first jaw ineluding means projecting therefrom to a point divided into a plurality of pairs of cooperating jaw sections, and grading means interposed between successive pairs of jaw sections and entirely carried by one of said jaws.

9. In a crusher, in combination with a supporting frame, cooperating first and second crusher jaws having opposed crushing faces positioned to provide a path for the fiow of material therebetween, means for driving said first jaw to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, control means for said first jaw having mounting means cooperating therewith at a location remote from the crushing face of said first jaw and. coacting with said driving remote from the crushing face of said first jaw, mounting means cooperating with said last named means at said remote point and coacting with said driving means to maintain the crushing face of said first jaw substantially parallel to itself throughout itsmovement, means mounting said second jaw for reciprocation, and means operatively connected to said first jaw for reciprocating said second jaw.

14. In a crusher, in combination with a supporting frame, cooperating first and second crusher jaws having opposed crushing faces positioned to provide a path -for the flow of material therebetween, means for driving said first jaw to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, an arm projecting from said first jawonthe opposite side thereof from said driving means andfin a jdire'ctiomapproxi mately at right angles td thepath of material flow, mounting meansfcooperatingjfwith said arm at alocation more remote'fromthe crush-f.

15.; Inlacrushehin combination with a supporting frame, cooperating first and second crusher jaws having opposed crushing, faces positioned to provide a path forthe flowof material therebetween, means for driving said first jaw to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, control means projecting from said first jaw, mounting means cooperating with said control means at a location re-'. mote from the crushing face of said first jaw and coacting with said driving means to. maintain the crushing face of said first jaw at a sub-- stantially constant angle to the horizontal, means for reciprocating said second jaw,*and means whereby one of said jaws may yield when non-crushable material is engaged between said Jaws.

16. In a crusher, in combination with a supporting frame, cooperating first and second crusher jaws having opposed crushing faces "from said first jaw, a'fioating mounting for'said arm at 'a point more remote from the-discharge end of the crushing'faceo'f said ffirst jaw than is said eccentric means res restraining move ment of the mounted end of said arm to a pmxi mately a straight line, the fioating mounting for said arm being also remote from said second jaw, and means driven from said eccentric means for oscillating said second j'aw.

19. In a crusher, opposed crushing-jaws positioned to provide a path for the flowj'of material therebetween, eccentric means for moving one of said jaws in a closed 'curvedipath, m ansfor moving the" other of said jaws, said last named means receiving its motion only from said eccentric means, and a floating control for the movement of said first named jaw cooperating therewith at a point more remote from the discharge end of the crushing face of said jaw than is said eccentric means from said discharge end, said second named jaw being sup-ported separately from said floating control and said jaw-moving means coordinating the movements positioned to provide a path for the flow of material therebetween, means for driving said first jaw'to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, control, means projecting from said first jaw, mounting means cooperating with said control means at a location remote from the crushing face of said first jaw and coacting with said driving means to maintain the crushing face of said first jaw substantially of said jaws to effect relative approach and recession of said jaws and simultaneous movement of both jaws in they direction of material fiow during the last part of their relative approach and the first part of their relative recession.

20. in a crusher, opposed crushing jaws positioned to provide a path for the flow of material therebetween, eccentric means adjacent one of said jaws-for moving the same in a cycle to provide crushing and recession strokes, means associated with said jaw for controlling said movement and including an arm floatingly mounted at a point remote from said jaw, means separate from said controlling means for movably supporting the other of said jaws, and means driven from said eccentric means for oscillating parallel to itself at all times, means for reciproeating said second jaw, and a grading means entirely supported On'said first jaw to partake of the full movement thereof and positioned in.

the path of material now passing between the facesof said jaws.

17. In a crusher, in combination witha sup porting frame, cooperating first and second crusher jaws having opposed crushing faces positioned to providev a path for the fiow of material therebetween, means for driving said first, I

jaw to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, control means projecting from said first jaw, mounting means cooperating with said control means at a location remote from the crushing face of said firstjaw and coacting with said driving means to prevent substantial rocking of said first jaw, means for reciprocating said second jaw, the crushing faces of said jaws being subdivided into at least two pairs of cooperating crushing sections, and grading means entirely supported on said first jaw and disposed between upper and lower sections of said faces, said grading means delivering the coarser ma-.

terial to the space between a pair of cooperating face sections below said gradingmeans.

18.v In a crusher, in combination with a, supporting frame, cooperating first and second crusher jaws having opposed crushing faces. positioned to provide a path for the flow of material therebetween, eccentric means for driving said first jaw to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, an arm projecting said other of said =jaws in the direction of material flow, said jaw moving and controlling means cooperating with said jaws to move both jalws in the direction of material flow during the last part of the crushing stroke and the first part of the recession stroke.

21. In a crusher, a frame, first and second cooperating jaws supported by said frame with opposed crushing faces positioned to provide a path for the fiow of material therebetween, a power shaft carried by said frame, eccentric means on said shaft rearwardly of the crushing face 'of said first jaw and between the upper and,

lower extremities of said face, said eccentric means serving tomove the crushing face of said jaw in a closed curved path downwardly toward and from an upwardly from and toward first jaw, means for movably supporting a portion of said arm from a rigid member to control the motion of said first named jaw, said supporting means cooperating with said arm at a point so located with respect to said eccensaid second jaw, an arm extendingfrom said tric means that-a straight line connecting the two crosses the path of material flow, and means for moving said second jaw in synchronism with said first jaw.

22. In a crusher, opposed crushing jaws posi- I tioned to provide a path for the flow of material therebetween, means adjacent one of said jaws for moving said jaw in, a closed cycle to provide crushing and recession strokes of said jaw, means'for, controlling the movement of said jaw to maintain approximately equal the strokes of the upper and lower extremitiesof the crushing face of said jaw in the crushing direction,

porting frame, cooperating first and second ,crusher jaws having opposed crushing faces positioned to provide a path for the flow of material therebetween, means for driving said first jaw to move the crushing face thereof in a closed curved path, control means for said first jaw having mounting means cooperating therewith, said control means coacting with said driving means to enforce the movement in the crushing direction of all points on the crushing face of said first jaw by an amount approximately equal to the movement of said driving means in the same direction, said mounting means cooperating with said control means at a.

point so located with respect to said driving v means that a straight line intersecting the two also intersects said second jaw, and means for reciprocating said second jaw.

AMOS R. EBERSOL.

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