US2374685A - Starting device - Google Patents

Description

May l, 1945- w. L. KlsEL ET AL I 2,374,685

STARTING DEVICE FledMarch l2, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 1 May l, '1945. w. KlssEl. ET Al.

STARTINGDEVICE Filed March l2, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 May 1, 1945.

w. l.. KlssEy. x-:Tv AL STARTING DEVICE Filed March l2, 1942 -3 Sheets-Sheet 3 'D ve/fors WaZZza/m .jzlsseZ Herma/z Bibl/7267' L., www

lo/wg Patented May l, 19475V STARTING DEVICE William L. Kissel and Herman D. Palmer, Hartford, Wis., assignors, by mesne assignments, to West Bend Aluminum Co., West Bend, Wis., a corporation of Wisconsin Application March 12, 1942, Serial No. 434,330

16 Claims.

The invention relates generally to starting devices for internal combustion engines and more particularly to a starting device for an outboard marine motor. f l

'I'he general object of the invention is to provide a novel starting device which is simple to operate and inexpensive to manufacture, and which sufciently rotates the crank shaft oi the motor to eect rapid starting. f

It is also an object to provide a starting device which is so constructed as to be released from driving engagement with the motor in case of backfire of the latter so as to avoid damage to the starting device or injury to the operator.

Another object is to provide 'a starting` device a major portion of which may be readily removed from the motor in case of `damage to the device, leaving portions attached to the motor about which a rope may be Wound to start the motor in the heretofore usual manner.

A further object isto providea starting device having a manually rotated part movable axially of the motor by such rotation into driving engagement with a part rotating with the motor to effect starting, and automatically movable in the opposite direction after the motor` is startedy so that it moves out of the wayl of the part rotating with the motor.

Astill further object is toprovide a starting device having a manually rotated part movable the position of the parts immediately after the line 3-3 of Fig. 1 and showing the parts of the device when in position rto start the motor.

Fig. 4 is a fragmentary View similar to Fig. 3 but showing the positionof the parts just after the motor has been started and before the parts have returned to their idle position.

Fig. 5 is atop View showing parts of the device attached to the motor after a detachable portion has been removed.

Fig. 6 is a fragmentary view similar to Fig. 3 but showing parts thatremain permanently attached to the motor after a detachable portion has been removed.

Fig.v 7 Ais a vertical sectional'view similar to Fig. 2 but showing a modified form of the device with the device in its idle position.

Fig. 8 is a fragmentary side elevational view of the modified form and showing the position of the parts during the starting` of the motor. v

Fig. 9 is a view similar to Fig. 8 but showing motor has started.

Fig. 10 is a plan view of the portion of the modified `form of starting device that remains permanently attached to the motor after the detachable portion thereof has been removed.

A starting device embodying the features of the invention is adapted for use in starting an inas aforesaid, with the part rotating with the motor having yielding means to provide the engagement between it and the manually rotated, part, said yielding means being so arranged as to be moved out of the way of thev manually rotated part until the latter has moved axiallyfar enough to clear the yielding means. K

Still another object. is to provide a starting device having yielding means serving the abovementioned function and also serving to provide a release between the manually rotated part and the part fixed to the motor in case of backfire.

Other objects and advantages will become apparent as the description proceeds, taken in connection with the accompanying drawings, in

which: y v I Figure 1 is a plan View partially in section of a starting device embodying the features ofthe invention and showing a portion of an outboard motor to which-it is attached.I

Fig. 2 is a vertical sectional view taken along vthe line 2-2 of Fig. 1 and showing the starting ternal combustion engine and in the form illus# trated is primarily adapted. for use onan outboard motor. In the present instance, the portion of the outboard motor shown in the drawings lcomprises a part rotatable with the motor, such Y as a magneto 20, and a fixed structure such as a' gasoline tank 2l surrounding the magneto -20. The starting device is mounted on these parts of the outboard motor and is adapted to rotate the magneto 20 and therebystart the motor.

The starting device comprises generally a member rigidly secured to the magneto and a manually rotatable member movable longitufl dinally during the first part of its rotation into engagement with the iirst-mentioned member and thereafter causing rotation of said first.n mentioned member- The manually rotatable member is in the form of a pulley around which is wrapped a rope, 4the latter being adapted to be pulled to cause rotation thereof. The pulley is so supported'that it is caused to move longitudinally during the first part Aof its rotation so that it will move into engagement with the f member 'Xed to the magneto. After such engagement is effected, continuedrotation of the pulley rotates the first-mentioned member and the magneto Asufliciently to start the motor, but

longitudinal movement of the pulley is prevented by such engagement. l

To support the manually yrotatable member or pulley for such movement, a stud is provided which is rotatably supported blut is provided l with friction means tending to prevent rotation of the stud. The stud and the pulley havev y a threaded engagement. Thus rotation ofthe pulley iirst causes it to movealong the thread of the stud since the latter is held against rotation by the friction means. However, when the pulley engages the member attached Vto `the magneto, the pulley can no longer move longitudinally .and the pulley .and stlldrotateftogether, overcoming the resistance ioffthe friction means.

In order to move the pulley longitudinallyout of engagement with the member attached tothe magneto after the motor is' started, a -tQrSion spring is provided which is wound up' by the foi-'ward rotation of the pulley. When` the pulley rope'tis released, the torsion spring causes ,re-k verse rotationof the pulley land the latter moves longitudinally out of engagementtvith the member `attached to the magneto Aby vvirtue of the threaded engagement with the stud. 'At the the continuedV rotation thereof to complete 'the winding of thev rope. f

@ne of the prominent features of the invention lies in the'fact that in case of breakage or damage to any 'partof the starting device the major portion thereof may be' readily removed from the orutboard motor, leaving structure ohout which o rope may be wrapped in the heretofor'e lionel manner to start the motor. To this end the pulley with its torsion spring and the Stud are carried by a Cover which is removably Secured' to a fixed portion fof the-outboard motor Such oe the tank Struoturei. When these parte are'removed, the member attached to the magneto 20 remains and is accessible. This member' is iormed with a, .flange So positioned relative to .the magneto 20 as .to provideY there- With a peripheral groove within which o rope may he wrapped to Stort the .motor ih the mahner heretofore .generally employed. Y

VDriving'engagement between the vmember securedl to' lme magneto and the pulley ijs provided by means of a plurality ofspringngers carried by said member'and adapted to be engaged bvy'lugs on the pulley. ThllS as the pulley moves longitudinally,towardthe member. the

lugs move .downwardly into engagement with such lingers. When the motor is started, it rotates at such speed that there is not time for the nlllley to move upwardly 'on its threaded connection with the lstud soy that the lugs and spring lingers Willmmediately clear. For-this reason the springv fingers lo n theirback faces are provided with cam surfaces lvvhichare engaged by the lues to force. the ,snrinexnsers out ofthe Way andy permit they pulley to remain stationary or be reverely rotated While the member is rotated forwafldly'by the engine. Howeven as soon vas the pulley hask rotated suliiciently to move it volores the thread ofthe'Stud; the lugs ,motor.

on the pulley no longer engage the spring fingers. v

Another prominent feature of the invention lies in the provision'made for backre of the To permit the starter to be released in case of such backfire, frictional engagement of certain parts of the deviceis provided 'suchthat ythe friction thereof isystrong enough to resist any slippage whenr the pulley is rotated by means of its rope. However, when a backfire occurs,

the forces exerted are sudden and slippage may v occur so that the pulley will not be driven inra Yreverse direction by the motor. In the preferred form of the device, the spring fingers are provided with sloping surfaces, engaged by the lugs, which are ,sufciently steep tonormally-ef- A fectv dri'ving engagement by the lugs on the pulley when the .pulley is rotated by means of its rope. However, with the force of a backfire, the steeply sloping surfaces of the spring fingers cause a Comming action-against the lugs of the pulley and the springs are forced out of the Way. In the modiiied form of. the devicesnown in Figs. 7, 8, 9, and l0J the member .attached to the magneto has o. friotional engagement therewith .and the loackre overcomes such frictional engagement to release .the pulley from the .member.

As shown in the drawings, the preferred form ofA the device is Aillustrated irlFigs.- l to 6, lnclusive. This form comprises a vmember in the form of a plate 22 arranged to .rotate with the magneto 2.0. To this end the plate 22 is. orovided with a vsocket .23 in. its lower face fitting .overa central boss. :24 on the. magneto, and the plate 42i?v is held in place'by means of a plurality o f screws 25 threaded linto the boss 24.-

.Mounted over the ,plate 22 is a pulley, `indicated Agenerally at 30, arranged so that it may be manually rotated and, .by such rotation, caused ,first to move longitudinally intoengagement `.with the plate 22V and then effect rotation of the plate bears against the hub 35 of the alone With the motor 'to .start the latter.. To provide for such movement of the pulley it is mounted .ofna studyindioated generally at 3| The .stud is provided with asteepnitch thread 32 Within a huh portionl 33 of the pulley, and friction means' are provided tending to hold the stud 3l against rotation. Thus when the pulley an is rotated it'rst moves longitudinally .or kaxially by virtueV of the thread y32 until it [engages the Plaie `22- Thereafter oooh engagement prevents further longitudinal movement of the -pulley 30 and further rotation thereof overcomes the resistance of vthe friction means S0 that the stud Ymay rota-te with 'thepulley'in starting the motor.

The stud 3| preferably has Ya reduced upper end portion v3l extending through a hub 35 of a cover', indicated generally at 35, suitable antifriction bushings being interposed therebetween. The u ppegr-v end of the 'reduced' portion 34v is threaded to receive `a pair of vlock 'nutsllll-l The friction means comprises preferably a flatwasher l 4|-, interposed between the nuts 40 and the hub 35 of `the cover, and a slightly dished spring washer 42 thereunder. rThe spring Washer 42 y cover and against the' flat washerV 4l and thereby sets up frictional resistance to rotation of the stub shaft v3 I. Thus, when the pulley is rotated in a forward direction, the spring washer 42 holds nthe stud shaft 3| 'against rotation and causes the pulley 30 totmove 4dovvn along the thread 32 until the 'pulley en'- gages the plate`22. Whenesuch ehgagemeneoccurs, longitudinal movement of the pulley 30 is y vprevented so that further rotation thereof causes the stub -shaft 3l to rotate by overcoming the frictional resistance of the spring washer 42.

Driving engagement between the pulley 36 and the plate 22 is effected by means of a plurality of spring fingers 43 carried by the plate 22. Preferably such spring fingers are secured to a ange 44 formed on the plate 22 and having a plurality of notches 45 through which bent portions of the spring fingers A43 project upwardly. The bent portions of the spring fingers are adaptedto be engaged by lugs 46 formed on the bottom of the pulley.` Since the lugs 46 will be subjected to considerable wear it is desirable to make them of such material as bronze. However, it is not necessary to make the entire pulley of bronze and preferably the main portion of the pulley is made of aluminum. Therefore the upper ange of the pulley andthe hub 33 thereof 'are made of aluminum while the lower flange,

indicated at 41, together with thelugs 36 integrally cast thereon are made of bronze, the lower flange 41 being secured to the upper flange as by screws 48, I

The pulley 36, as mentioned above, is adapted to be rotated by a rope and after each time the pulley is forwardly rotated by pulling on the rope, the rope must be rewound. To this end a torsion spring 56 is mounted on the upper surface of the pulley 36 and has its inner end vattached to the be readily pulled. After the rope is pulled rout to its full length to cause the pulley to rotate in aforward direction, the rope is released and the torsion spring 56 thereupon causes it to rewind on the pulley, drawing the handle 51 into a seated position in the guide portion 56.

One of the important features of the invention lies in the provision of a structure whereby the pulley is released from the engine in case of 1.0 backfire so'that the pulley will not be reversely rotated by the engine. `Such reverse rotation might cause damage to the starter or break the `rope 55, or even cause injury to the operator. To effect such release upon backfire of the motor,

l5 in the preferredv formthe yspring iingers43 are provided on their forward faces with steeply slanting surfaces 60. The angle of such faces when cooperating with the lugs 41 offer sufficient frictional resistance, when the pulleyis turned by pulling the rope, to avoid any camming action /46 may pass thereover.v Thus the pulley is re-l hub 33 of the pulley as by being bent around a pin 5I and its outer end fixed as by being secured toa pin 52 mounted in an internal flange 5,3 of the cover 36. The spring is so arranged that as the pulley is rotated forwardly by the rope, the spring is tensioned or-wound up. When the rope is released after pulling it out to its full length, the spring 5D causes reverse rotation of the pulley.

Such reverse rotation of the pulley also serves to move it out of engagement with the plate 22.

. Thus during the first part of the reverse rotation the friction washer 42 holds the stud 3l against rotation and the pulley moves upwardly along the thread 32. Since such longitudinal movement 45 only requires a small portion of the total rotation of the pulley necessary to rewind the rope, ythe spring 56 is strong enough thereafter to cause the pulley and stud shaft 3l yto rotate together, overcoming the resistance of the friction washer When the motor is started, the rotation thereof is such that the lugs 46 do not have timeto move upwardly out of a position where they are engaged by the spring fingers 43. vTherefore the bent portions of the spring lingers 43 are provided Ion their back faces with slightly slanting surfaces 54 which when they strikethe lugs cause the spring fingers to be cammed downwardly, as shown in Fig. 4, so that'theymay pass the lugs 46. To facilitate such camming action, the lugs 46 are triangular in cross section. However, the reverse rotation of the pulley quickly moves the pulley sufficiently far from the plate 22 so that the lugs 46 no longer will contact the spring 65 fingers 43.

The rope forl rotating the pulley,` indicated at 55, is long enough to provide for several turns around the pulley, as is clearly shown in Fig. 2. The inner end of the rope is anchored to the pulley, while the outer end extends tangentially therefrom through a guide portion 56 formed in the cover 36 so as to extend to an outside accessible position. On the outer end of the rope 55 a handle 51 is secured so that the rope may 35 heretofore usual for such motors.

on the spring fingers. However, under the sharp powerful impulse caused by a backfire, a camming action takes place therebetween and the spring fingers are forced downwardly so that `the lugs leased from the rplate 22 so thatr it will not be reversely rotated undersuch conditions. As a consequence no dam-age to the starting-device will occur as a result of backfire. Another prominent feature of the invention lies in the fact that, should the starting device be disabled for -any reason, the major portion thereof maybe readily removed from' the motor and the motor may then be started in a manner To provide for such feature, the coverv36 is detachably secured to a xed portion of the motor, such as the gas tank structure 2|, as by screws 6 I the cover is removed, the pulley 30 and a stub 40 shaft 3| are removed withit as a unit, leaving exposed the plate 22 attached to the magneto 20.

The plate 22 is so constructed as to provide aA peripheral groove between the flange 44and the end face of the magneto within which a ropeg62 may be wrapped. To secure such rope to the plate 22, notches 63 may be provided in the flange 44, in which the knotted end of the rope maybe secured. Thus the plate 22, together with the magneto, may be rotated in a forward direction whena rope so wrapped under the iiange 44 is pulled.

` In themodied form of construction shown in Figs. 7, 8, 9, and 10, the spring fingers, here`in dicated at 64, have transversely extending Afaces V65 adapted to engage the lugs 66 on the pulley. However, such transversely extending surfaces do not provide for release in case of backfire. Such release, however, is attained by frictionally securing the plate 22 to the ymagneto 26. Thus the plate 22 instead of being rigidly vsecured to the magneto by screws, is provided with an linwardly turned flange 10 held under a securing plate 1l rigidly secured to the magneto as by screws 12. interposed between the flange 10 and the upper face of the magneto is a dished spring plate 13offering suicient frictional resistance normally to prevent relative rotation between the plate 22 and the magneto 26. However, the sharp impulse of a backfire will overcome the frictional resistance offered by the spring plate 13 vso that the magneto 26 can rotate in a reverse direction without carrying with it the plate 22and the other rotating parts of the starter.

From* the foregoing description, it will beapparent that we have'provided a novel starting dereleased in case of backfirel so that the device 'will notI be damaged in. any way. in .the

preferred form, theV .spring-fingers 43 with-their steeply Slanting. surf-aceto normally provide a Vdriving engagement, between the pulley 3.0 and the plate 22 but permit a release therebetween in case of backnre, .the spring lingers being vcammed out of the way so that the lugs 46 may pass thereover. l'

In the normal starting operation, the pulley nrst moves downwardly by virtue of the thread the stub shaft 3| `being held by" the friction spring Washer 42. The'pu-lley then causes rotation of the plate 22 along with the motor. After the motor has started, thethread32 causes the reverse rotation of the pulley to move it upwardly to, an idle'position. However, in the meantime, the cam surfaces 54 on the spring fingers permit the latter to be pushed out of the way of the lugs 46 as the motor rotates relative to the pulley. The device is` particularly convenient in use since if it becomes disabled in anyway it may be readily" removed merely by taking olf the cover 36 togetber with the maior portion of the starting device. The plate 22 then has provision for wrappinga rope therearound in the way hereto,-

V fore employed in starting a motor.

The device is simple to operate, and as, will be apparent,` is inexpensive to manufacture. It

eliniinatesv the necessity of winding a rope around a pulley each time it is desi-red to rotate the motor, and is capable of suiiciently turning the ino-torto elTect rapid starting thereof.

We claim as our invention; f 1* 1. A starting device of the character described comprising, in combination, al member rotatable with thev motor, a threaded studl rotatable inden vpen-dently of the motor, means for rotatably sup.-

porting said stud but tending to restrain the stud from rotation, andl a manually operablev rotatable ymember having threaded engagement with said stud and being adapted on rotation to move 1ongitudinally of said stud into engagement with the first-mentionedI member and vthen to rotate said mst-mentioned: member.

2. A` starting device of the character described comprising, in combination, a member rotatable with the motor, a rotatably mounted stud independent of said motor, means for rotatablysupporting said stud, and a manually rotatedmember having threaded engagement with said stud,

said stud being frictio'nally held by saidmeans. against rotation until said last-mentionedmem.- i

berr has. moved longitudinally thereof by` virtue of the threaded connection to. eiect engagement of said members and thereafter rotating with said 3. A starting device of the character described comprising, in combination, a pair of members one being connected to the engine and the other being manually rotatable, supporting meanszior said manually rotatable member arranged on initial rotation of said member to coact with said manually rotatable member toV move the latter longitudinally until engaged with theol-,her member andr thereafter permitting said members to movein unison. A l

LA starting device of the character described comprising, in combination, a member secured to. a. rotating part of the engine,l a trame structure, a stud rotatably butrictgionally mountedi'f,1 said frame structure coaxial' withA the engine, a member mounted on said stud and normally V aeration 'y f i v y spaced fromthenrst-mentioned' member, said last-mentioned memberqand said stud having a threaded engagement whereby rotation of the last-mentioned member will cause it to move into engagement with the inst-mentioned member, and whereby thereafter said last-mentioned member and said stud rotate together to start the motor.

means tensioned by the rotation of said manually rotatable member to. cause reverse rotation of the latter, such `reverse rotation rst causing the manually rotatable member to move longitudinally out of engagement with the other memberr by virtueof the threadedv engagement with the stud. f. i

6. A starting device of the character described comprising, in combination, a member secured to a rotatable part ,of themotor, a frame structure, a stud. frictionally but rotatably carried by said frame structure,l a Pulley having threaded en' gagement with said stud, `said pulley and said member being adapted to be engaged by longitudinal movementv of said pulley along said stud, rotation of said pulley first effecting such longitudinal movement by virtue of the threaded engagement and thereafter causing rotation of'said stud when said pulley and said member are in driving engagement,` and a torsionA spring vhaving one end connected to said framestructure and' the other end connected to said pulley and adapted to be tensioned when said pulley is rotated tostart the motor, said tors'lonspring upon release of' said pulley causing reverse rotation thereofl to move the pulley longitudinally out of engagement with vsaid member by virtue of the threaded engagement thereof with the stud.

7. A starting device ofthe character described comprising, in combination, a member xed to a rotatable part of; the engine, a cover structure,

' a stud frictionall-y but rotatably carriedv by said covers-tructure, a pulley adapted to be manually rotat'edby a rope wound' thereon, said` pulley being threaded on said stud and adapted to move longitudinally thereof into driving engagement with said' member whenrotated by vsaid rope, and a torsion springv having its outer end .secured to said cover structurev a-nd its inner end` secured to` said.' pulley and adapted to be Woundl when the pulley is rotated bythe rope, said torsion spring causing reverse rotation of said pulley upon re'- leaseiv of the ropeand.' thereby causing the 'pulley to. move longitudinally away from said member by virtue of the threaded engagement between theV pulley and; the stud.'

8 Astarting device of vthe character described comprising. in combination, a member secured to arotatable Dart of the motor, a cover structure having; a Ycentrally located hub, a studv rotatably mounted insaid'lnib, friction means interposed between. said stud 'and' said hub tending to resist rotation of Said stud; a ypulley .having ythreaded engagement with said stud and adapted tovmove longitudinally into engagement with said member by virtue,of the threaded engagement, the engagement of said pulley and said member preventing further longitudinal movement of the pulley and thereby overcoming the frictional resistance of said friction means to permit the stud to rotate with the pulley.

9. A starting device of the character described comprising, in combination, a member secured to a rotatable part of the engine and provided with abutments, a manually rotatable member movable longitudinally and provided with abutments for driving engagement with the abutments on said first-mentioned member, a stud having threaded engagement. with said manually rotatable member to provide for longitudinal movement of the latter upon rotation thereof, where-- by the abutments on the respective members may be moved into and out of engagement with each other, one of said sets of abutments being yieldable to permit them to pass the other set after the motor is started in case the manually rota-- table member has not moved longitudinally sufriciently for the abutments to clear.

10. A starting device of the character described comprising, in combination, a plate secured to a rotatable part of the motor and provided with a plurality of upwardly bent spring lingers, a manuallyrotatable member provided with a plurality of lugs adapted to engage said spring lingers, means for supporting said member arranged to cause the member to move longitudinally toward said plate when the member is rotated in one direction and to move longitudinally away from said plate when rotated in the other direction whereby said lugs are moved into and out of engagement with said spring fingers, said spring lingers being yieldable to permit them to passsaid lugs when the engine is started in case the member has not moved far enough longitudinally to permit clearance between the lugs and lingers.

l1. A starting device of the character described comprising, in Combination, a plate secured to a rotatable part of the engine and provided with a plurality of spring lingers each bent l upwardly to provide an abutting face and a camming face on opposite sides of the bend, a manu ally rotatable member provided with a plurality of lugs for engaging said spring lingers, and means for supporting said member and arranged to cause said member to move toward said plate with said lugs engaging said abutting faces when the member is rotated in one direction and to cause said member to move longitudinally out of engagement when the member is rotated in the opposite direction, said cam surfaces causing the ngers to yield and pass said lugs when the motor has started until said member has moved longitudinally far enough for said lugs to clear said lingers.

12. A starting device of the character described comprising, in combination, a plate secured to a rotatable part of the engine and provided with a plurality of spring lingers, a manually rotatable pulley mounted for rotation and longitudinal movement toward and from said plate, the liange of said pulley adjacent said plate being provided with lugs adapted to engage said spring fingers, said liange and lugs being a separate part from: the pulley proper but secured thereto and being made of relativelyv plate being so mounted on the rotatable part of the motor as to provide space for a rope to be wrapped between said plate and said rotatable part for starting the motor.

14. A starting device of the character described comprising, in combination, a plate secured to a rotatable part of the engine and provided with a plurality of upwardly bent spring fingers, the upward bend of each linger having a steeply in clined face and a slightly inclined face, a manually rotatable member provided witha plurality of lugs adapted to engage against the steeply inclined faces of said spring lingers to start the motor, the steep inclination of said face normal-- ly providing sufcient resistance to avoid flexing the fingers during the starting of the motor but providing a cammingl action to bend the lingers out of the way of the lugs in case of backre `of the motor, the slightly inclined faces causing the spring ngers to flex and pass the lugs after vthe motor is started.

vl5. A starting device of the character described comprising, in combination, a plate secured to a rotatable part of the engine and provided with a plurality of yieldable abutments, a manually rotatable member adapted to be moved longitudinally toward the first-mentioned member and provided with lugs engageable by such longitudinal movement with saidyieldable abutments,- each of said yieldable abutments having a face of suliicient angularity normally to elect driving engagementI with a lug to cause rotation of thev engine but adapted to cause the abutment to yield and pass the lug upon backfire of the motor.

16. A starting device of the character described comprising a `plate having a frictional connection with a rotatable part of the engine, a plurality of spring lingers secured to said plate and having upwardly bent portions, a manually rotatable member adapted to move longitudinally toward said plate and provided with a plurality of lugs adapted to engage the bent portions of said spring fingers, said spring lingers having substantially transverse faces on the bent portions engaged by said lugs when the manually rotatable member is rotated in a forward direction to start the motor and having slanting faces on the other sides of said bent portions adapted to be engaged by said lugs to cam the lingers out of the way after the motor has started, the friction of said connection between said plate and the rotatable part of said engine being overcome in case of backfire to prevent positive reverse ro-A tation of the manually rotatable member.

WILLIAM L. mssEL. HERMAN D. PALMER.

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