US2372315A - Antirecoil device for firearms - Google Patents

Description

l R. M. cATRoN ANTIRECOIL DEVICE FOR FIREARMS March 27, 1945,

sheets-sheet 1 Filed Deq. 9, 142- mm n@ l@ March 27, 1945. R. M. cATRoN ANTIRECOKIL DEVICE ROR FIREARMS Filed Deo.l 9, 1942 3 Sheets-Sheet 2 March'Z?, i945. R. M. cATRoN 2,372,315

ANTIREGOIL DEVICE FOR FIREARMS l Filed Dec. 9, 1942 5 Sheets-Sheet or its equivalent slides rearwardly into the frame i6 when the firearm is discharged.

The forward portion of the barrel |1 has its wall outwardly'thickened and a short distance rearwardly of its forward end, the said barrel is formed rwith an annular rib or shoulder I8 forby the reference character 2|', and havingits rear edge norrrlally` :firmly seated against the forward face of the annular rib or shoulder I8 on the Within lts rear portion, the said bodybarrel I1. member is formed with threads 22 interfitting with the threads I9 on the barrel |1 to frmhr hold the said body-member 2| in coaxial assembled relationship with respect to the barrel |1.

Adjacent its rear end, the body-member 2| is formed with an annular series of gas-vent ports 23 leading outwardly and rearwardly from the periphery of the rearportion of the body-member.

' Adjacent its forward end, the body-member 2| is provided with a concentric annular stop-lipr bore 24 of the said body-member to the outer 25 projecting inwardly and rearwardly and ter--r i ininating in. a conically-contouredy annular stopface 26.r

The said stop-,face 25 slopes rearwardly and outwardly from the mouth-opening 21 lo'- ferred to. The said mouth-opening 21 is concentric with the bore 2liy of the body-member 2| and hence alsoconcentric with respect to the bore 28 of the barrel I1. Exteriorly, the forward portion of the body-member 2| is formed with a hexagonal wrench-receiving portion 29 by means of which the rear end of the said` bodymember may be rmly seated against the forward face of the rib or shoulder I8 on the barrel IT.

Within the forward end of the body-member 2| and surrounding the rear portion of the stoplip 25 therein is an annular groove 30 having a forward wall of semicircular form in cross section and adapted to provide a seat for Ya returnspring in a manner as will be hereinafter described. The said body-member 2| is also formed adjacent its forward end witha plurality of airvent ports 3| serving purposes as will also be hereinafter described. A

Located within the body-member 2| `with'capacity for axial reciprocation is a tubular member generally designated by the reference character 32 and which for reasons as will hereinafter appear, acts in effect as a supplementalbarrelmember and will, therefore, be hereinafter'referred to as such. The said supplemental barrel-member is formed at its rear end with an annular radially-projecting flange or rib 33 having a smooth sliding t in the bore 24 of the bodymember 2|. Adjacent its forward end, the supplemental barrel-member 32 is formed with an annular flange or rib 34 also having smooth sliding bearing in the bore 24 of the body-member 2 The said supplemental barrel-member 32 has an axial bore 35 which is in axial alignment with the bore 28 of the barrel |1 so as to virtually constitute a continuation thereof. Therear end 'cated at the forward end of the body-member 2| and surroundedbythe stop-lip25 before reforward f face 20 of the barrel 1|.

treme forward end, the barrel-member 32 is 'pro-f of the supplemental barrel-member 32 has a conically-contoured rear face 3E conforming rto and normally seated against the conically-contoured At its exvided with a conically-contoured stop-face 31 ywhich conforms to and is adapted to engage with the conically-contoured stop-face 26 within the forward end of the body-member 2|, under circumstances as will hereinafter appear.

Interposed between the forward face of the annular flange `or rib 34 adjacent the forward end of the supplemental barrel-member 32 and the forward wall of the groove 38 within the f forward end of the body-member 2|, is a helical return-spring 38., The said return-spring 38 normally yieldinglyimaintains the Vsupplemental barf rel-member 32 inits rearward position in which ythe face 36 rat the rear end of the said barrelmember is seatedagainst the face 2i! at the for ward end of the barrel 28. f

Operation Let it be assumed for purposes of description that the parts are in their normal positions, as is especially well shown in Fig. 2. f f

Now when the iirearm is discharged, the shotcharge, together with the wadding (such, for instance,-as the shot-charge 39, the rear wadding 40 and front wadding 4|), will be propelled forwardly through the bore 28 of the barrel I1 and will enter thebore 35 of the supplemental barrel-member 32. spring, such as the return-spring 38, the shot- Now with a suiiiciently-strong charge, together with the Wadding, will completely enter the bore 35 of the supplemental barrelmember 32 before sufficient friction is created to cause the said supplemental barrel-member to move forwardly to disengage its rconically-contoured rear-face 36 yfrom the similarly-contoured y of the return-spring 38 until the stop-face 31 of l the said barrel-member engages with the stopface 26 within the forward end of the bodyrnember 2|. The parts will now have assumed substantially the positions in which they are shown in Fig. 3.

Substantially as soon as the supplemental barrel-member 32 moves forwardly, as above described, under the urge of the shot-charge and wadding, the annular flange or rib 33 at the rear of the said barrel-member, will start to uncover the gas-Vent ports 23 in the rear portion of the body-member 2|, and when the parts reach the positions in which they are shown in Fig. 3, the said gas-vent ports will be fully uncovered. As soon as the gas-vent ports 23 are uncovered, as just described, gas under pressure will escape through the said ports in an outwardly and rearwardly inclined direction to thereby materially counter the' recoil effects of the discharge. The recoil effects will also be further countered by the forward pressure exerted on the return-spring 38 and hence on the bodymember 2|, and by the striking of the supplemental barrel-member 32 against the stop-face 26 within the forward end of the said body-member.

In instances where the return-spring 38 or its equivalent has sufficient tension, as is preferred, to maintain the rear end of the supplemental barrel-member 32 against the Vforward end of the barrel il until the shot-charge 'and wadding 39, 40 and 4l have fully cleared the forward end of the barrel I'l, naught but gases and gas residue will pass outwardly through the gas-vent ports 23 or their equivalent. In instances where the timing isnot as just described, fragments of wadding and in some instances small shot might be blown outwardly through the gas-vent ports 23.

As the shot-charge 39 and the wadding 40 and 4| emerge from the forward end of the barrel Il, they will have substantially their maximum velocity in most instances. Under these conditions and due to the opening of the gas-vent ports 23,

the shot-charge 39 when it emerges from the an arc of about l'l-foot radius to thereby produce what might be vtermed a full choke bore. From the junction-point 42 forwardly, the bore is of cylindrical form.

Should the user of the firearm desire to employ a modified choke or no choke at all, in lieu of that provided in the lepre 35 of the supplemental barrel-member 32, a diierent supplemental barrel-member may be substituted for that shown. Such a substitute supplemental barrelmember should in general correspond to the supplemental barrel-member 32 save that its bore, corresponding to the bore 35, would be modied to meet the spe'cic choke or no-choke action desired by the inarksman.

When the supplemental barrel-member 32 moves forwardly as has been previously described, air and such powder residue as might be located in the forward end of the body-member 2l will be forced outwardly through the air-vent ports 3l in the said body-member.

It is also to be noted that when the conicallycontoured stop-face 3l of the supplemental barrel-member 32 engages with the stop-face 2S of the body-member 2l, the, forward end of the said 4barrel-member is thereby accurately centered with respect to the said body-member.

The invention may be carried out in other specic ways than those herein set forth without departing from the spirit and essential characteristics of the invention, and the present embodiments are, therefore, to be considered in all respects as illustrative and not restrictive, and all changes coming within the meaning and equivalency range of the appended claims are intended to be embraced therein.

I claim:

l` An anti-recoil device for firearms, including in combination: a body-member having a bore therethrough and designed and adapted to be secured at one end to the forward end of the barrel of a firearm, the said body-member having a rearwardly-facing stop-abutment situated for engagement by a portion of the below-described reciprocating supplemental barrel-member, the said body-member also having a gas-vent means leading outwardly from its bore to its exterior; a tubular supplemental barrel-member mounted for axial reciprocation in the bore of the said body-member and having a rearward position therein and a forward position in which it engages with the rearwardly-facing stop-means of the said body-member, the said supplemental barrel-member being provided with vent-closing means positioned to close `the gas-vent means in the said body-member when the said supplemental barrel-member is in its rearward position in the said body-member and to uncover the said gas-vent means when the supplemental barrelmember is in its forward position, the said supplemental barrel-member having an axial bore of uninterrupted substantially-cylindrical form from end-to-end and having the rear end of the said bore closely corresponding in diameter to the 'diameter of the bore of the said barrel, the said supplemental barrel-member and the said body member being constructed and arranged to cause the rear end of the said supplemental barrelmember to engage directly with the forward end of the said barrel under the tension of the hereinafter-mentioned yielding-means, to thereby guard against the lateral dispersion of shot intermediate the front end of the said barrel and the rear end of the said supplemental barrelmember; and yielding-means normally holding the said barrel-member in its rearward position in the said body-member.

2. An anti-recoil device for rearms, including in combination: a body-member having a bore therethrough and designed and adapted to be secured at its inner end to the forward end of the barrel of a firearm, the said body-member having adjacent its outer end an inwardly-extending lip-portion formed with a rearwardlyfacing substantially-annular stop-abutment, the said body-member also having gas-vent means leading outwardly from its bore to its exterior; a tubular supplemental barrel-member mounted for axial reciprocation in the bore of the said body-member and having a rearward position therein in which it seats directly against the front end of the said barrel and a forward position in which a substantially-annular portion of the barrel-member engages with the rearwardlyfacing stop-abutment of the said body-member, the said supplemental barrel-member being provided with vent-closing means positioned to close the gas-vent means in the said body-member when the said supplemental barrel-member is in its rearward position in the said body-member and to uncover the said gas-vent means when the supplemental barrel-member is in its forward position; and yielding-means normally holding the said barrel-member in its rearward position in the said body-member.

3. An anti-recoil device for firearms, including in combination: a body-member having a bore therethrough and designed and adapted to be secured at its inner end to the forward end of the barrel of a firearm, the said body-member having adjacent its outer end an inwardly-extending lip-portion formed with a rearwardlyfacing substantially-annular stop-abutment, the said body-member also having a series of gasvent ports displaced one from another in a direction circumferentially of the said body-member and leading outwardly from its bore to its exterior; a tubular supplemental barrel-member mounted for axial reciprocation in the bore of the said body-member and' having a rearward position therein in which it seats directly against the front end of the said barrel and a forward position in which a substantially-annular portion of the barrel-member engages with the rearwardly-facing stop-abutment of the said bodymember, the. said supplemental barrel-member being provided with port-closing means posi sitioned to close the series of gas-vent ports in the said body-member whenthe said supplemental barrel-member is in its rearward position in the said body-member and to uncover the said series of gas-vent ports when the supplemental barrel-member is in its forward position; and yielding-means normally holding the said barrelmember in its rearward position in the said bodymember.

4. An anti-recoil device for firearms, including in combination: a body-member having a bore therethrough and designed and adapted to be secured at its inner end to the forward end of the barrel of a firearm, the said body-member being provided at its outer end with a mouthopening smaller in diameter than the said bore and having a rearwardly-facing substantially annular' stop-abutment around the said mouthopening, the said body-member also having gasvent means located adjacent its inner end and leadingl outwardly from its said bore to its exterior; a tubular supplemental barrel-member mounted for axial reciprocation in the bore of the said body-member and having a rearward position in the said bore and a forward position in which a forward portion of the said supplemental barrel-member engages with the substantially-annular rearwardly-facing stop-abutment around the mouth-opening of the said body-member, the said supplemental barrelmember being provided adjacent its inner end with vent-closing means positioned to close the gas-vent means in the inner portion of the said body-member when the said barrel-member is in its rearward position and to uncover the said gas-vent means when the saidA barrel-member is in its forward position, the said barrel-member having a forwardly-facing spring-seat on its exterior; and a helical spring substantially coaxially located in the bore of the said body-member and having its outer end surrounding the mouthopening and stop-seat in the said body-member, the said spring having its inner end seated against the forwardly-facing spring-seat on the exterior of the said supplemental barrel-member, the said helical spring acting to normally hold the said barrel-member in its rearward position in the said body-member.

5. The combination of a, firearm-barrel with an anti-recoil device which comprises: a bodymember having a bore therethrough and rigidly secured at its rear end to the forward end of the said barrel, the said body-member having gasveni; means leading outwardly from its bore to its exterior; a tubular supplemental barrelmember mounted for lengthwise reciprocation in the bore of the said body-member in axial alignment with the bore of the said barrel, .the said barrel-member having a rearward position in the bore of the said body-member in` which its rear end seats against the forward end of the said barrel, the said barrel-member also having a forward position in the bore of the said bodymember, the said supplemental barrel-member being provided with ventclosing means positioned to close the gas-vent means in the said body-member when the said supplemental barrel-member is in its rearward position in the said body-member and to uncover the said gasvent means when the said supplemental barrelmember is in its forward position; stop-means limiting the forward movement of the said supplemental barrel-member in the bore of the said body-member; and yielding-means normally holding the said barrel-member in its rearward position to seat its inner end against the forward end of the said barrel and to cause its vent-closing means to close the gas-vent means in the said body-member.

6. The combination of a firearm-barrel with an anti-recoil device which comprises: a bodymember having a bore therethrough and rigidly secured at its rear end to the forward end of the said barrel, the said body-member having a series of gas-Vent ports displaced one from another in a, direction circumferentially of the said body-member and leading outwardly from its bore to its exterior; a tubular supplemental barrel-member mounted for lengthwise reciprocation in the bore of the said body-member in axial alignment with the bore of the said barrel, the said barrel-member having a rearward position in the bore of the said body-member in which its rear end seats against the forward end of the said barrel, the said barrel-member also having a forward position in the bore of the said body-member, the said supplemental barrelmember being provided with port-closing means positioned to close the gas-vent ports in the said body-member when the said supplemental barrel-member is in its rearward position in the said body-member and to uncover the said gas-vent ports when the said supplemental barrel-member is in its forward position; stop-means limiting the forward movement of the said supplemental barrel-member in th'e bore of the said bodymember; and yielding-means normally holding the said barrel-member in its rearward position to seat its inner end against the forward end of the said barrel and to cause its port-closing means to close the gas-vent ports in the said bodymember.

7. The combination of a firearm-barrel with amanti-recoil device which comprises: a bodymember having a bore therethrough and rigidly secured at its rear end to the forward end of the said barrel, the said body-member being provided at its forward end with a mouth-opening smaller in diameter than the said bore and having a rearwardly-facing substantially-annular stop-abutment around the said mouth-opening, the said body-member also having gas-vent means located adjacent its inner end and leading outwardly from its said bore to its exterior; a tubular supplemental barrel-member mounted for lengthwise reciprocation in the bore of the said body-member in axial alignment with the bore of the said barrel, the said barrel-member having a rearward position in which its rear end seats against the forward end of the said barrel, the said barrel-member also having a forward position in the said body-member in which a forward end of the supplemental barrel-member seats against the rearwardly-facing stopabutment around the mouth-opening of the said body-member, the said supplemental barrelmember being provided adjacent its rear end with vent-closing means positioned to close the gas-vent means in the inner portion of the said body-member when the said supplemental barrel-member is in its rearward position and to uncover the said gas-vent means when the said barrel-member is in its forward position, the said barrel-member having a forwardly-facing springseat on its exterior; a helical spring substantially coaxially located in the bore of the said bodymember and having its forward end surrounding the mouth-opening and stop-seat in the said body-member, the said spring having its rear end seated against the forwardly-facing springabutment on the exterior of the said supplemental barrel-member, the said helical spring acting to normally hold the said supplemental barrel-member in its rearward position to seat its inner end against the forward end of the said barrel and to cause its vent-closing means to close the gas-vent means in the said body-meniber.

8. An anti-'recoil device for rearms, including in combinationt, a body-member having a bore therethrough and designed and adapted to be secured at its inner end to the forward end of the barrel of a rearm, the said body-member having gas-vent means leading outwardly from its bore to its exterior and also having airvent means located forwardly of the said gasvent means; a tubular supplemental barrel-member mounted for axial reciprocation in the bore of the said body member and having a rearward position and a forward position therein, the said supplemental barrel-member being provided with vent-closing means positioned to close the gas-vent means in the said body-member when the said supplemental barrel-member is in vits rearward position in the said body-member and to uncover the said gas-vent means when the supplemental barrel-member is in its forward position; means for limiting the forward movement of the said supplemental barrel-member in $0 the said body-member; and yielding-means normally holding the said barrel-member in its rearward position in the said body-member.

9. An anti-recoil device for firearms, including in combination: a body-member having a bore therethrough and designed and adapted to be secured atits inner end to the forward end of the barrel of a rearm, the said body-member having gas-vent means leading outwardly from its bore to its exterior and being formed with conically-contoured stop-means; a tubular supplemental barrel-member mounted for axial reciprocation in the bore of the said body-member and having a rearward position and a forward position therein, the said supplemental barrel-member being provided with vent-closing means positioned to close the gas-vent means in the said body-member when the said supplemental barrel-member is in its rearward position in the said body-member and to uncover the said gas-vent means when' the supplemental barrelmember is in its forward position, the said barrel-member being formed with conically-pontoured stop-means engaging the similar stopmeans of the said body-member when the said barrel-member is in its forward position; and yielding-means normally holding the said barrelmember in its rearward position in the said bodymember.

RUSSELL M. CATRON.

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