US2363223A - Carburetor - Google Patents

Description

I Daft f the invention.i`

throttle 5.` i i I I I `The partial Ivacu im prevailing. in the conduit Patented Nov. 21, 1944 Claude f i France; `vested infthe Alien Property Custodian II f j Application Mayl 5, 1942, serial 1\`To`.441,s59u fg" I ...InFrance May .1551941 `3 claims. (C1. zeran I `The present Iinvention: relates to carburetors adapted` for injectinginto the Icarburetion chamber Iorzintothe admission piping adetermined vo1urne,of\fuel withua View Ito suitably changing the proportions ofthe carburetedinixture when avariation f occurs in I the working condition of enginesorlr'notors` I ,Anlobjectof thisinvention isrthe provisionIof means for automatically controlling the injection oficarburetedfuel as a supplementary injection 1,10` to the fuel Isuppliedib'y present day catburetors,`

the supplementary injection being eiected -in I such amannerthat the volume of fuel injected i and the'time of eachinjection maybe automati`4` cally controlled. Particularlythel supplying `of while theenginef supplementary carburetedI fuelI is inoperative isavoided.I l I -In this devicejthe injection is producedby the` direct effect of the partial vacuum'` existing either behind or-aheadgof the" gas *throttle and this in opposition to a mechanicaleiort which prevents or `stops theinjection Iwhen the partial vacuum has, `orassumesy toolowavalue. F

i The descriptionA which will follow, iwith'refer-i' I ence to the appended drawing.givenbywaybf nonlimitative example`,' will allow a" thorough Iunderstanding of bodied;

how the invention "can be ema `Figure *"1 lis 4a j diagrammatical sectional View i representing the utilisation of the injection de-4 vice according `to the` invention Hin" `conjunction with `a corburetor ofthe "so-called` variable air` l I ""IM Figures 2 and on a larger scale, `detail In the casefillustrated in)Figure""Lmy` provedautornatic injector control has been repre-I` sentedjla'cting in conjunction,` by Way of example,

with a known type of i carburetor in which a piston QI," mounted or not Withfa.spring?,` controls by its displacements,` bothlthe cros'swslection of the passageway for thejairmto the to;idnitta` connected at3b toitheaiciinission piping of the1 engine; and by the needle valve 4`the discharge of fuel through the nozxzleiafin order to produce the c'arbureted` ymixture 1 distributed .by the 3a ahead `of` the throttle 51 is transmitted by a 3y represent diagramforrn and ements constituting a 32 `bythe conduit 3.3.` 1 I. 1I

Moreoven the throttle 5` istprovided witha lever I 9which4 maintains aneedle valve IU `open against the, `expansion of a. spring I I I,` when the ,said

throttleifis inits closed position@ I I mAIconduit IZI communicates `on the onelhand with the atmospheric airthrough. the 1seat yI3 Iof` the Ivalve Il) `and on; theI `other hand throught the calibratedorice I.4with.the.insideof thecj-ylindery I 5 above the piston Lynally IICIB".:8..C0nd11it I6 with'a'chamber I'II closedtiby a diaphragm I8.I I Iheoppositeside ofItheodiaphragm I8 carries.-

aigroove.; I9 providedIIin aimetallicweinforcing plate 2l) centrally .secured onto theIdiaphragm. i In the'groove I9 rol1ers2| .2I,Ican slide, said rollers .being mounted on the ` levers 22 and 22 which are pivotedl to each other at a` point 23.

I At `the.1otherextrernity. of thelevers` 22 and 22.?, I rollers-24 and 24 rest. on :the uppersurface of ,aI `diaphragm 25 continually pushed upwardly by a i springZIA whichrests onItheIloWer wall of a I receptacle 21. (This diaphragm lever device is I represented, on alarger scale on Figures 5 and 6.1)1

The l space betweenuthe two` -diaphragms com` municateswiththe atmosphere IbyIachole 21a.

Check- valves 28 and 29 allow' the receptacleIZTI toI.=communicate with the constant level neatchamber* 3Il-.off the.carburetorhloymeans of the` canal 3I-and with the additional injection nozzle The whole system operates asufollows: I I1 I In the positionvof the throttleIS shownv on Fig-` i ureIIlandIzWhich corresponds towa nO-lOad, lowi speedcperation ofIthe engine,"theiiva1ve I0 is liftedl and the `admissionlofII-air through III3 clestroystthe partial vacuum behind the choke I4 in the conduit I6 and in the vessel; I1. The spring 26,Irvexerting..pressure `upon the levers 22, 22.',

forces the diaphragms I8 and 25 to approach each 146i other,` thereby drawing fuel into the chamber-'2l` i there Will be no conduit `'I tothe upper surface ofthe piston I, I

the opposite surfaceI:of which is subjected to the atmosphericIpressureestablished by means ofI an` oriiices;I gli.: I. w

through thecanal` 3`I and the then-open` check valve"28. `Iheposition of the various `members will remain unichang'edI-if thetengine stops `and nozzle 32." i

While the "engine is" operatingand when the throttle 5 opens;the-needle-vaiveln will nos@ the airf"admissionjport I3 after suiicient rotary i movement of the lever l"I'hepartial vacuum.`

`(createdI by "the engine) which fis transmitted tdteoynnder l5 by the conduit-11 will be trans-` a PAflENT QFFICE injection through the additional IInlike manner `vvhile the engine is inoperative, theiabsence of a partial vacuurnin conduit 3a will leave' the above described system inert and therewill ib'e no injection, Whatever bejtheoperation the Figure 3,.therebyefecting the injection of fuel into the conduit 3:

It becomes apparent that in this device, the

diaphragm 25 with the receptacle 2l and they f check valves 28 and 29 constitute a suction and y compression pump the suction valve 28l of which is connected to the constantlevel oatfchamber.

30 which constitutes a fuel reservoir'andthe com pression check valve 29 of which communicates of'atmospheric air entering into the said piping, l with the additional carburetiml jet nozzlel '32x- The spring 26 constitutes an elastic means which automatically brings about the suction strokeof` i,

the diaphragm 25 for the lling up and charging offthe pump. Asforf'theI diaphragmfl and the chamber IT; these constitute-a Vacuum` motive'.v unit', which yis -connected bymeans of the conduit amplerfthte'moment-atl which theineedle valve If wi1l2close,-1the'fresistance of the'spring 26,l ther.

brakingl efliectlby"thefcalibration of' orice 8) onitheup-strokerof .the piston I; which' by cone trollingzthe admission ofthe airinto'conduit 3a,

thereby. controls 'ther partial Vacuum prevailingl therein; thatiisito-say-'the partial vacuum motive unitiA actuating: theI diaphra'gms= I8 and 25.r can readily be; understood that the retarding actionon'xthefopeningfmovementv of the piston If.

will resultinimomentarily'y increasing` theV `partial Vacuum ,f acting."` on: the: diaphra-gms and thereby automaticallyzt'the power:A with which, the" fuel ist' injectedi. t

Itlwillgbe` apparent thattheA embodiment ofy the ,'vinvention'.` herein. disclosed by way v of i' exam;

ple :can be :modified;:andrchangedz'irrfconstruction and can be applied to other typesxoficarburetors.

What ILclaimtis: 'i y i Y 1; In, ar carburetion. device vcomprisingga jet nozzle for:k the; fuel, a* connection: piping -r' to thel engine for the;passage,of they carbure'ted air and a.fuel reservoir;l affcasing` comprising two `diaphragms the edges: of which; are Vfixed into this casingand which divide the ivolume of thesaid casing into threeY chambers,- Q oneof, the da? phragms constituting; together with the correspondingend chamber asuctionv and `compression y, pump-the. suction side of f which isconnected to:

thesaid reservoir and the-@compression side of, which is. connected@ to the jetinozzle, resilient means arranged topress said diaphragm toward intermediate chamber for automatically" bringing about they suctionzstrokefof i the saidy the diaphragm ,whenever.- not overpowered `by action vof.the-second diaphragm, the intermediate chaml chamber, two two-armed levers fulcrummed iny termediate their ends to this xed pivot, an annular groove on that face of the. second diaphragm which is locatedgin the said intermediate chamber, one of the ends of each lever s lidably fitting into the said groove whereas the other ends of these levers rest upon the rst diaphragm.` y

2. In a carburetion devicef comprisingfgta connection piping to the engine for the passage of the carbureted air, a fuel jet nozzle opening into vthe said piping and a fuel reservoir for supplying this f'jet nozzle with fuel, a throttle for controlling thepassage of the carburete'd air towards the enginea valile: for controlling the quantity apiStOnfintegraI-With the said valve, a cylinder a wiehithe said piston moves in oppOStOn t0 a spring, a canal in the body of the valve for allowing the said cylinder to communicate with the. said ipipingsbetwe'en the` saidlthrottle` and the Y saidfvalve iso `thatithe i partial vacuum prevailing in the `said piping I iscominunicated'.y throughzthei said canal toi-the' said cylinder z' in' order to vopen the airadmissionportpan additionaljet nozzle opening into thesaidapiping ,a suction and ,com-

pression pump the suction endyofiwhichis con-.4

nected fto' the said reservoiry` and Vthe compression end 2 of 1 which is i connected tothe :said additional jet nozzle, elasticmeansfor automatically bring-'-4` ingiaboutfthe suction stroke ofathispumna partial-vacuumy motive unit'iory bringing; about the 35 duit forlftransmittng to :the-said partiarl-vacuum.

motive unit the partialA vacuum created-,by the-- throttler is open. 4 A

3.k .In aicarburetionv device: comprising a ycon- Y compression stroke `of the said. pump in opposi-ztion-to the saidelastic.1;r1eans,Z .afconnection conorifice and.. mechanical,I connection means be-v tween the;said.throttle and .the said check-valve so as to open the saidcheck-evalve when the said throttle .is closed' and yto .close itA when theA said nection pipingitoz'the engine forfthe passageV ofl the carbureted air, a fuel jet nozzle openinginto thessaidspiping4v and afuel reservoir; for supplyvr"ing-1this..'etnozzle withfueL'aithrottle for controllingthe passage-of the-carbureted airtowards theiengina: avalve `for controlling the quantity: of atmospheric air entering into the said piping-,q`

a pistonintegral with the said ,vvalve, a cylinder in which the .said piston movesin opposition to a` spring, a canal in the bodyof `the..valvefor al'- lowing, ,the cylinder'.tolcommunicate with the said piping. between. the. said :throttlel and the. said.

t val'veyso. thatthe partial vacuum prevailing, in

the saidl piping is communicatedi through the'1 said "canal'tof the'said'cyl'indr in order to open opening into 'the saidpipiig, .a casing comprising into this casingand which" divide the' volume of the said `casing intothreetchambers; one` of the-l diaphragms 'constituting together with lthe correberfbetweenthe twov diaphragme :beingzconnected l to the atmosphere and the second diaphragm to theother end chamberfof. the casing constituting a ,partial-vacuum vmoti-ve unit connection means-i for transmittingf tothe said partial-vacuum motiveunit. the partial. vacuurnlcreated by the en gine-inlthesaidlpiping whenan increase in load occurs a fixed pivotrin the vsaid intermediata.`

spending 'end' "chamber-asuctionand compression* pump the suction end of which is connected to' the' saidf reservoir and the l compression end of which is connected to thesaid-additional -jet noz-'- zle andl 'being connectedfto'felasticmeans" for au the atmosphere and the second diaphragm to the other end chamber of the casing constituting a partial-vacuum motive unit, connection means v `for transmitting to the said partial-vacuum mo- `is pushed away inopnosition to the said'elastic n means thereby driving the fuel towards the additional` jet nozzle when the diaphragm of the partial-vacuum motive unit is sucked in, a cony nection conduit for transmitting to the said partial-vacuum motive unit the partial vacuum createdby the engine in the said cylinder.

` t CLAUDE ETIENNE BONNIER. i

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