US2361726A - Multistage compressor - Google Patents

Description

Oct. 31, 1944. w. WElMAR 2,361,726

MUL'II STAGE COMPRES SOR Filed Feb. 6, 1941 .Evenior Wilhelm Wimar.

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Patented Oct. 31, 1944 UNITED. STATES,

MULTISTAGE comrnnsson Wilhelm 'Weimar, Berlin-Siemensstadt,

Ger-

many; vested in the Alien Property Custodian Application February a, 1941, Serial No.- 371,704 In Germany December 20, 1939 4 Claims. (Cl. 230 209) This invention relates to a turbine-like multistage compressor with radial admission of the working fluid, provided with intermediate cooling.

The work of compression in as is well known, the smaller, the more the curve f compression approaches the isothermal curve. The coincidence of the compression curve with the isothermal curve is the more difllcult to bring about, the greater the number of stages of the compressor, which is particularly the case in turbine-like compressors with radial admission of the working fluid. Here the number pf stages is so great and the dimensions of the blade are so small that the intermediatecooling cannot be practically carried out when employing hollow blades or similar means. There is no other remedy than to provide an intermediate cooling, for instance, between two stages. The object of the invention is therefore to suitably arrange the cooler within the compressor, particularly within a turbine-like multi-stage compressor with radial admission of the working medium and whose blades are subdivided into a plurality of rows of bladeswhich are traversed one after the other by the working fluid. In this case the cooler or coolers of substantially the circular type are arranged in the by-pass space provided between two blade rings.

In the accompanying drawing is shown an embodiment of the invention in diagrammatic form, in which Fig. 1 shows a longitudinal view and Fig. 2 a lateral view, partly in section.

In this turbine-like compressor with radial admission of the working fluid, the blading is subdivided into a plurality of blade groups I, arranged on the shaft 3 at both sides of the discs 2 and traversed one after the other by the air to be compressed in the direction as indicated by the arrows A. Between these two rows of blades is provided an intermediate cool-- ing, i. e., the intermediate coolers are arranged in the by-pass spaces 4 and 5 between two rows of blades. The great advantage of such an arrangement lies in the fact that the compressed air on its way from one group of blades to the other may flow directly through thecooler without encountering appreciable resistances. A reversal of the compressed air is necessary between two groups of blades so that as the only additional loss there results in the cooler itself the loss due to the resistance to flow. However, the

loss may be reduced to a minimum by suitably a compressor is, 5

tubes l 4 dimensioning the blades and by a suitable choice of the velocity of flow.

Since in the case of coolers certain damages and pollutions must always be reckoned with, it is preferable to subdivide the cooler into a plurality of individual segments which may be arranged in the parallel or in series and which may be separately removed without great diillculties in order to cleanand to replace the same. The by-pass spaces 4 and 5 have end walls 8 and I having apertures '8 and 9 respectively. The fluid coolers HI and H, in the spaces 4 and 5 respectively, comprise heads I! and i3 and series of and i5 to serve as heat exchange elements. The coolers l0 and II are insertable through the apertures 8 and 9 and the heads I! and I3 are attached to walls 8 and 1 by bolts IS. The cooling water circulates through the coolers l0 and H by pipes II, as indicated by the arrows B. It will be noted (Fig. 1) that the cooler ll disposed in space 5, the secondary stage chamber, is provided with a larger number of tubes I5, thus having a greater capacity than the cooler Ill disposed in the space 4, the primary stage chamber. a

What is claimed is:

1. In a turbo-compressor wherein the working fluid flows generally outwardly to a peripheral chamber, and then flows'generally radially inwardly therefrom, said chamber having an end wall with an aperture therein, a fluid cooler comprising a head which constitutes the means of attachment of said cooler to the rim of said aperture, and heat exchange elements attached to said head to form a unit, and insertable axially through said aperture so as to be entirely contained within said chamber.

2. In a turbo-compressor wherein the working fluid flows generally outwardly to a peripheral chamber, and then flows generally radially inwardly therefrom, a circular end wall for said chamber provided with a plurality of segmental apertures, and a plurality of fluid coolers insertable axially of the compressor through said apertures, respectively, so as to be entirely contained within said chambers, each cooler comprising a head constituting the means 01' attachment of the cooler to the rim of the aperture, and heat exchange elements attached to the head to form a unit.

3. In a multi-stage turbo-compressor wherein, in each stage, the working fluid flows generally outwardly to a peripheral chamber and then flows generally radially inwardly therefrom, there being a separate chamber for each stage,

an end wall for each chamber, having an aperture therein, and a plurality of iiuid coolers insortable axially or the compressor through said secondary stages, wherein in each stage the working fluid flows generally outwardly to a peripheral chamber and then flows generally radially inwardly therefrom, there being a separate chamber for each stage, an end wall for each chamber, having an aperture therein, and a pair of fluid coolers insertable axially of the compressor through said apertures, respectively,

so as to be entirely contained within said chambers, each cooler comprising a head constituting the means of attachment of the cooler to the rim of the aperture, and heat exchange elements attached to thehead to {cm a unit, the elements a of the unit in the second stage chamber having a capacity greater than the elements of the unit in the primary stage chamber.

WILHEIMWEMAR.

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