US2353546A - Oil cooler controlling structure - Google Patents

Description

y 1944. H. CHISHOLM, JR 2,353,546

OIL COOLER CONTROLLING STRUCTURE Filed Sept. 26, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet l July 11, 1944. H. L. CHISHOLM. JR 2,353,546

OIL COOLER CONTROLLING STRUCTURE Filed Sept. 26, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet 2 .zc/jfl July 11, 1944.

H. L. CHISHOLM. JR

OIL COOLER CONTROLLING STRUCTURE Filed Sept. 26, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 July 11, 1944. H. L. CHISHOLM, JR

OIL COOLER CONTROLLING STRUCTURE Filed Sept. 26, 1942 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 MED U wry/l; 6%; (skull/mi Patented July 11, 1944 OIL COOLER CONTROLLING STRUCTURE Harry L. Chisholm, Jr., Buffalo, N. YQassignor to Houdaille-Hershcy Corporation, Detroit, Mich., a corporation of Michigan Application September 26, 1942, Serial No. 459,809 r 6 Claims. (01. 236-35) My invention relates to controlling structure for oil coolers suchas are used in connection with hydrocarbon engines, such as aircraft engines, for keeping the lubricating oil in the most desirable condition for eflicient lubrication under the varying temperature conditions encountered. The invention relates particularly to improved valving assembly for controlling the oil flow through the cooler forming jacket and radiator, and for controlling the flow of oil to and from a cylinder structure which operates shutters provided on the cooler.

My invention may be considered as embodying improvements over the oil cooler controlling structure disclosed in my pending application Serial No. 453,299, filed August 1, 1942.

In my present application, the structure for controlling the flow of the oil through the cooler is substantially the same as that in my pending application, and under normal conditions, like in my pending application, the operation of the shutter controlling cylinder structure is controlled by the pressure of the flow through the cooler.

An important object of my present invention is to provide further control of the fluid flow for the shutter operating cylinder structure in the form of thermostat controlled means responsive to the temperature of the flow through the cooler in such manner as to prevent closing or opening of. the shutters during increase or decrease of the rate of flow through the cooler.

Another important object is to provide acontrol for fluid flow to the shutter controlling cylinder structure involving a relief valve and a thermostatically operated valve in parallel therewith, with the relief valve, upon closure of the thermostatically controlled valve, being responsive only to a predetermined pressure built up in the cooler toopen up for flow of fluid to the cylinder structure, and with the thermostatically controlled valve operating in response to temperature to open for freer flow to the cylinder structure for opening or closing movement of the shutters.

The above referred to and other features of my invention are embodied in the structureshown on the drawings, in which drawings- Figure l is a side elevation, partly in section, of an oil cooler with my improved valvingassembly mounted thereon; t

Figure 2 is an enlarged section on plane II-II of Figs. 1 and a section on plane II-II of Fig. 3, but with the piston at the inner end of the cylinder.

Figure 3 is a section on plane IIIIII of Fig. 2

but with the piston at the outer endof the cylinder;

Figure 4 is a section on plane IV-'IV of Fig. 3;- Figure 5 is a section on plane-V'-V of Fig. 3; Figure 6 is a section on plane VI-VI of'Fig. 3; Figures '7 to 13 inclusive are sections-on plane VIVI of Figs; 2 and 3 'of the controlling valving assembly for the cylinder structure showingthe assembly in various positions during operation of the structure. j Referring to Fig. l, R indicates the radiato structure and V the valve structure. The radiator structure shown is of a conventional type, comprising the cylindrical shell l0 through which extend the tubes I l soldered or otherwise secured together at their ends and exposed for flow there-"- through of air during running of the vehicle or airplane. Surrounding the shell l0 is-the warms ing jacket I2 which is connected at its lower side with the radiator through a passage I3. Mounted on top of the warming jacket is the base plate I4 on which the valve structure Vseats and-i secured as by screws l5. Referring to Figs. 2 to 6, the valve'structure V comprises the housing lB-having the inlet I1 for the oil from the engine E, and theoutlet l8 for return flow from the radiator and warming jacket to the sump 0 from which the oil to the engineis delivered by a pump P (Fig. 1'). Within the housing at oppositesides of the inlet I1 are'the transverse walls'20 and 2| between the sides and top of the housing. The lower ends of the trans verse walls are connected bythe horizontal wall 22 extending between the sides of the housing; The walls 20, 2| and 22, together with the sides and top of the housing l6 define a valve chamber 24. Partly surrounding the walls which define the valve chamber '24 is the inlet space;-28,-the outlet passageway 29 from which'registers with the passageway 30 through the base l4"on;the warming jacket, the jacket having the inlet 3i communicating with the passageway-30. The wall 20 has the passageway 32 therethr ough for connection of the valve chamber- 24 with the space 33 with which the outlet -I8 communicates; The passageway 32' in the wall 2| serves toconnect the valve chamber with the space 28. -Within the valve chamber is a valvingassembly comprising the annular valve 34 for closing the passageway 32, and the annular valve 35 for closing the passageway 32'. 'Betweenthese .valvesis a thermostat T which may be of the type known'in the trade as the Vernet type. The thermostat comprises the body or container 36 from which the neck 31 extends whiehreceives the plunger 38 to be acted upon by the thermostatic material within the container which, upon expansion due to rising temperature, will exert pressure against the plunger 38 to shift the container toward the left (Fig. 2) the plunger at its outer end abutting an adjustable abutment 39 mounted in the adjacent end wall of the housing I 6.

The neck 31 extends axially through the valve 35 and has rigidly secured thereto a collar 45 which has a spherical surface against which the valve 35 is normally held by a spring 4!. Formed on the inner end of the thermostat body is a stud 42 to which is rigidly secured a sleeve 43 which at its inner end has a shoulder 4 Slidably mounted'on the sleeve is the annular relief or blowoif valve 45 which seats on the outer side of the valve 34. The valve 34 has fingers 46 for engaging the shoulder 44 on the sleeve 43 to be normally held in this position by the spring 4! i between the valves 34 and 35. gages against the outer side of the blowoff'valve 45, a cage 48 extending from the wall 25 forming the abutment for the outer end of the spring. The spring-41 is weaker than the spring 4! and the valves 34 and 35 are therefore normally held in seating engagement to closethe passageway through the valve 34. This unitary assembly comprising the thermostat T, the valves 34, 35 and 45 and the spring 4| is shiftable axially by the thermostat, the axial movement being guided by guide wings 49 on the valves 34 and 35. The thermostat T is adjusted so that at temperature belw, say'100 F, the thermostat will be in its contracted position shown on Fig. 3, the valve 34 being open and the valve 35 closed, the spring 41 effecting such shift of the assembly. As the thermostat'is subjected to higher temperatures, the material therein will expand, and as the spring 4| is stronger than the spring 41', the thermostat body with the valves thereon will be shifted away from the plunger 38 toward the left for opening of the valve 35 and closing of the valve 34 to the position shown on Fig. 2. The thermostat may continue to expand after the valve 34 has been seated and, unless means were provided to allow such overtravel, the thermostat body might burst. To permit overtravel without fracture, the sleeve 43 attached to the thermostat body slides to the left within the blowoff valve 45, the shoulder 44 on the sleeve leaving the fingers 45 on the valve 34, the valve 34 being then seated by the spring 4! to close the passageway 32 and the valve 35 being moved by the spring 4| to the left beyond its normal fully open position until the overtravel of the thermostat ceases. 7

Referring to Figs.' 3 and 5, a horizontal wall 50 extends inwardly'from the left end wall of the housing 16 and transversely between the side walls of the housing. A cylindrical wall portion extends between the wall 53 and the top wall 52 of the housing to provide a seat for a cylinder 53, the axis of this cylinder'being parallel with but to one side of the axis of the valve assembly in valve chamber 24. At its outer end the cylinder has the flange 54 engaging against the adjacent left end of the housing IS, the outer end of the cylinder bein closed by a head 55 between which. and the end of the housing It; the cylinder flange 54 extends to be clamped as by screws 555 threading into flanges 5'! on the housing (Fig. 4).

Referring to Figs. 3 and 6, an annular valve seat 58 issecured inthe bottom wall of the hou ing I 6 between the inner end of the cylinder 53 and the wall of the valve chamber 24. The

A spring 4'1 en passageway 58 through the valve seat 5-3 communicates with the passage 55 through the base hi on the warming jacket iii, the warming jacket outlet 5! registering with the passageway 53. Between the warming chamber inlet 35 and the outlet 5! a partition wall 52 extends transversely across the warming jacket 50 that oil flow into the inlets! must travel circumferentially around the warming jacket before reaching the outlet 6|.

. To the left of the valve seat 53, Figs. 3 and 5, a valve seat is secured in the bottom wall of the housing It with its passageway 54 in alignment with the radiator outlet nipple 65 which extends into the passageway 55 in the base M.

A valve 51 is engaged by a spring 58 tending to hold it seated against the inner side of the seat-'58, a cage 53 anchored to the seat 58 forming the abutment for the outer end of the spring. A similar valve it is engaged by a spring Tl tending to hold it seated against the inner side of the seat 53, a cage 72 anchored to the seat forming the outer abutment for the spring, the spring H being lighter than the'spring E8.

The operation of'the structure thus far described is as follows. Before the engine is started, the' temperature is usually such that the thermostat T is contracted. as shown on Fig. 3, the valves 34 and 35 being respectively open and closed. The thermostat is adjusted to remain contracted under say F., and as the engine now starts, the pump D driven thereby will draw oil from the sump O and force it through the engine bearings, the oil flowing from the engin into the inlet l1 around the valve assembly and past the open valve 34 through the passageway 32 into the space 33 and from there directly back through the outlet I 8 to the sump (Fig. 1). This permits rapid warming of the oil in the sump since it receives no cooling flow from the radiator. The warmed oil, engaging with the thermostat element '1', raises the temperature thereof above 100 F. to actuate the thermostat to open the valve 35 and to close the valve 34 so that oil may then flow into the inlet space 28 for flow into the warming jacket through the inlet 3!. Usually the oil is sluggish in the cooler before the engine is started, and a pressure is built up in the valve chamber which, together with the warm oil, will soon force flow of the oil through the jacket. The built up pressure will be against the valve 68 which is set to remain closed until a pressure, say of .30 lbs..per sq. in., is reached, and when the valve opens, the flow through the warming jacket will begin, the discharged oil flowing through the outlet it back to the sump. During this time some oil may be forced from the jacket through the inlet passageway l3 and through the radiator and, past the valve 10 whose spring I! is comparatively light. This light flow through the radiator assists in the warming thereof and as the radiator warms and the resistance to flow through it decreases, the rate of fiow increases until a temperature, say F. is reached, the pressure through the jacket then dropping down below 30 lbs. per sq. in. so that the spring 68 closes the valve 61, all of the oil then flowing through the radiator. Should the oil in the radiator suddenly become sluggish or congeal. pressure will again build up in the jacket until the radiator has again become warmed up for normal flow therethrough. Should the oil in both the radiator and the warming jacket suddenly congeal while the valve 34 is closed by the thermOStat. the built up pressure in the valve chamber 24 will open the blowofl valve 45 for flow or the engine oil through the passageway 32 and outlet space 33 and back to th sump until the pressure built up by the oil from the engine can reestablish flow through the jacket.

Describing now the shutter controlling mechanism, a piston 13 within the cylinder 53 has the rod 14 extending therefrom through the cylinder head 55, the rod being connected through linkage 15 anchored at 15, with the bar Hiconnected with the shutters 11 on the radiator R. The piston rod has the bore 18 into which extends the head 19 of the cylindrical valve bar 80. The valve bar extends through the inner wall 8| of the cylinder to which it is connected by threading 82 to be substantially held against axial movement relative to the cylinder but to be rotatable. The valve bar head 19 has diametrically opposit longitudinally extending helical grooves 83 and 84 in which engage the ends of fingers 85 and 86 projecting radially inwardly from a ring 81 secured to the inner side of the piston 13, as by rivets 81'. Due to the connection of the piston rod with the shutter operating linkage 15, the piston is held against rotational movement in the cylinder 53 but, as the piston moves inwardly and outwardly in the cylinder, the cam fingers 85 and B5 engaging in the helical grooves will cause corresponding rotational movement of the valve bar. The pitch of the grooves is comparatively small so that for a complete inward or outward movement of the piston the valve bar will b rotated through a comparatively small angle, say about The inner end of the valve bar 89 projects through the wall 29 into the valve chamber 24 (Figs. 2 and 4) and the-valve bar has the bore 88 therethrough for flow of fluid from the valve chamber. A cross wall in the bore has a passageway 89 therethrough and on its outer side provides a seat for a ball valve 90. Threading into the outer end of the bore 88 is an abutment plug 9| between whos inner end and the valve 90 is interposed the spring 92 which tends to hold the valve 90 seated to close the passageway 89.

A spring assembly 93 in the cylinder 53 tends to shift the piston 13 to its inner position shown on Fig. 2, ports 94 in the, valve bar serving to connect the valve bore with the inner end of the cylinder 53 behind the piston so that, upon flow of oil under pressure through the valve bar bore and into th cylinder, the piston will be shifted outwardly for actuation of the linkage assembly 75 to cause closing movement of the radiator shutters.

Just inside the passageway 89 controlled by the valve 90, one or more ports are provided in the valve bar, two such ports 95 and 95' being shown diametrically opposite. Adjacent to the outer side of the passageway 89 the bar has the diametrically opposite ports 99 and 96. Receiving the valve bar is a valve collar 91 rotatable on the bar but held against axial movement by being located between the inner wall of the cylinder 53 and a snap ring 98 surrounding the valve bar. The rotary movement of the valve collar is controlled by a thermostat 99, shown in the form of a spiral, having one end anchored to .the valve collar and the other end anchored to a lug I00 on the inner wall of the cylinder 53.

The valve collar has the two diametrically op-- posite longitudinally extending ports llll and NH" adapted, during certain settings of the valve collar, to connect respectively the valve bar ports 95 and 96 and 95' and96'; and the valve collar during-other settings. shuts off flow through these ports." When the valve bar ports are closed by the valve collar, there can be no fluid flow through the valve bar bore to the cylinder until the pressure in the valve chamber 24 is suflicient to cause unseating oftheyvalve 9|] against the resistance of the spring 92. However, when the valve collar is set for registration of its ports with thevalve bar lpOItS; fluid may flow from the chamber through the valve bar bore around the valve and into the cylinder.

By means of the threaded abutment 9| in the outer end of the piston rod, the desired tension of the spring 92-may be adjusted for, and this albutment' has the bore I82 therethrough so that oil under pressure may flow from the valve chamber 24 through the valve bar '48 and through ports 94 into the cylinder-behind the piston, and also through the bore I92 of the'abutment member and against the outer wall of the-piston rod, so that maximum piston surface is. available for the fluid to efiect outward movement of the piston against the resistance of thesprings 93, for 010- sure movement of the shutters. Upon outward movement of the piston, the oil in the outer part of the cylinder may escape through the passageway l03 into the outlet space 33 which is connected through the outlet l8 with the sump 0. Upon cessation of fluid flow from the valve chamber 24 through the valve bar into the cylinder, or upon decrease in pressure in the valve chamber 24, and corresponding inward movement of the piston by the spring assembly 93, the oil may escape from the inner end of the cylinder by Way of a relief passage I04 through the inner wall of the cylinder (Fig. 3), and some of this oil may also escape along the threading 82 into the outlet space 33. So long as the pressure of the flow from the valve chamber 24 into the cylinder lbalances the pressure of the springs 93 and the outflow of oil from the inner end of the cylinder, inward movement of the piston will be stopped and the shutters held in a correspond- 1 ing open position.

Describing now the operation of the shutter controlling mechanism, before the engine is startedand the oil in the cooler is sluggish or more or less congealed, the warm oil from the engine flows into the valve chamber 24 and out past the open valve 34 into the outlet space 33 and through the outlet [8 directly back to the sump, the thermostat T soon becoming heated to shift its valve'assembly for closure of the valve 34 and opening of the valve 35, the valve ports 95, and 96, 95 being then closed by the valve collar 91, as shown clearly on Fig. 7. The spring 68 controlling the outlet valve 61 from the warming jacket is dimensioned so that it will not open until a pressure of say 30lbs. per sq. in. is reached. The flow through the jacket being sluggish, the incoming engine oil will build up a pressure in the valve chamber 24 and as soon as this pressure reaches 30 lbs. per sq. in., the valve 90 in the valve bar will be unseated against its spring 92 which is set to resist opening of the valve until a pressure of 30 lbs. per sq. in. is reached. Upon opening of the valve 90 fluid will flow from the valve chamber 24 through the passageways 89 and ports 94 into the cylinder for quick outwardmovement of the piston to close the shutters and then the oil in the warming jacket and in the radiator is quickly warmed up for freer flow and under pressure less than 30 lbs. per sq. in. so that the valve 61 will be closed'by its spring 68 and all of thefluid will eventually be through the radiator past the valve 10 which is resisted by the comparatively light spring H. The thermostat controlling the valve collar 91 is in the path of the oil flow from the cooler through the outthe [piston was in. Immediately after reduction of the pressure in valve chamber 24 below 30 lbs. per sq. in., the valve 9!! is closed by its spring 92 but the thermostat 99, in response to the-temperature of the oil flowing from the warming jacket, turns the valve collar in clockwise direction to bring its ports I! and I0! into registration with the valve lbar ports, as shown on Fig. 9, so that, after closure of the valve 90, the fluid flow fromthe valve chamber 24 is through the valve lbar ports and the valve 'collar ports into the cylinder behind the piston and the piston will be held out to keep the shutters closed, pressure much less than 30 lbs. per sq. in., say as low as 8 lbs. per sq. in, in the valve chamber 24, being suflicient to hold the piston out The rotation of the valve collar to bring its ports into registration with the valve bar ports takes place while the temperature rises to say near 140F. Figs. 3 and 6 shows the arrangement of the parts corresponding with Fig. 9, except that the valve assembly controlled by the thermostat T will be in position to close the valve 34 and open the valve 35.

As the temperature now increases the valve collar will continue to rotate and will move its ports away from the valve bar ports, as shown on Fig. 10, and as soon as the ports move out of registration, further flow from the valve chamber 24 into cylinder will stop, as at this timethe pressure is below 30 lbs. per sq. in. and the valve 90 is closed. With the flow of fluid into the cylinders behind the piston stopped, the springs 9-3 become efiective to move the piston inwardly for movement of the shutters toward open position so that cooling air may flow through the radiator. As the piston is moved inwardly by the springs, the fluid at the inner end of the cylinder flows gradually through the more or less restricted relief outlet m4, and some of the oil will escape past the threading 82 and some oil may also leak past the piston. Upon such inward movement of the piston, the engagement of the piston fingers B and 86 in the valve bar helical grooves will cause rotation of the valve bar in clockwise direction to follow the turning movement of the valve collar. If the temperature keeps rising, the valve collar will continue to move its ports away from the valve bar ports so that the piston may move entirely inwardly for complete opening of the shutters. Figs. 2 and 11 shows the arrangement of theports when the temperature reaches say 180, and this temperature may be the temperature desired for normal running conditions and, when this temperatureis reached, the valve collar 9! will have been rotated 180 from the position shown in Fig. 7. Should the temperature decrease, the thermostat 99 will rotate the valve collar back in counterclockwise direction, as shown on Fig. 13, to bring its ports back into registration with the valve bar ports, so that oil may flow from the valve chamber 24 into the temperature again reaches 189.

cylinder to shift the piston out for closing movement of the shutters to reduce the air flow through the radiator. During such outward movement of the piston the valve bar will be rotated in counterclockwise direction. Referring to Fig. 13, if the temperature at the thermostat 39 decreased to, say and remained there, and the collar were shifted due to this temperature change to just bring its ports into registration with the Valve bar ports, then the fluid flow from the valve chamber 24into the cylinder will move the piston out and the accompanying rotation in counterclockwise direction of the valve bar will move the valve bar ports out of registration with the valve collar ports and further flow from the valve chamber 24 will stop, and if the temperature decreases further, the valve collar ports will again come into registration with the valve bar ports for further outward movement of the piston and corresponding further movement of the shutters. However, as soon as the temperature increases and the valve collar is rotated in clockwise direction, its'ports will cooperate with the valve bar ports for full opening of the shutters when the Thus the pressure of the cooler oil flow and the temperature thereof will cooperate to control the piston operation for setting of the shutters for proper operation of the radiator.

If, while the temperature in the control as sembly is at normal, say the airplane suddenly climbs into subzero temperature and the oil in the cooler is therefore suddenly congealed, the pressure in the valve chamber 24 will rapidly rise to 30 lbs. per sq. in or over, and, as at 180 temperature Within the control assembly the valve collar shuts ofi? the valve bar ports, this built up pressure will force open the valve 96 for flow of oil from the valve chamber 24 into the cylinder to quickly move the piston out for closure of the radiator shutters (see Fig. 12). Owing to the sudden congealing of the oil in the cooler, the built up pressure may rise beyond 30 lbs. per sq. in. in which event the blowofi valve 45 in the valve chamber 24 will open up against the resistance of the spring 41, which resistance may be say '75 lbs. per square inch. The oil from the engine will then flow directly back to the sump until the pressure has been sufliciently reduced for reclosing of the blowoi'f valve. After closure of the shutters by the piston, the pressure and temperature of the oil from the engine will soon thaw out the cooler for flow therethrough and reduction of the pressure below 30 lbs. per sq. in. so that the valve 90 will close and the spring 93 will return the piston and shutters to the position decreed by the angular setting of the valve collar by the thermostat 99.

It may be desirable to adjust the setting of the thermostat 99 and the valve collar relative to the valve bar. As shown this is accomplished by rotating the cylinder 53 to which one end of the thermostat is anchored. As shown in Fig. 2, the cylinder flange has the extension Hi5 projecting outwardly so that, after loosening of the screws 56, the cylinder may be rotatably set for the desired setting of the thermostat, and after such setting the screws 56 are retightened.

If, during normal operation of the cooler at say 180, the rate of oil flow from the engine through the cooler is increased with corresponding increase of pressure in the valve chamber 24, this pressure cannot effect closing movement of the shutters because the valve 9? and the setting of the valve collar by the thermostat, shuts ofi flow from the valve chamber to the cylinder.

.this increase in pressure due to increasing rate of flow. reaches 30 lbs. per sq. in, which is very unlikely, the valve 90 will remainclosed.

Although a pressure of 30 lbs. per sq. in. in the;

Unless valve chamber 24 may be required to open the valve 90 for oil flow into the cylinder, a much less pressure, say for example 8 lbs. per sq. in., in

. thevalve chamber'will be sufficient to hold the .piston in its outer position for closure of the shutters.

l during a warming up period for bringing the cooler oil to its normal temperature of 180, and dur- Such closure of the shutters is usually ing such warming up period, as indicated on Fig.

' 9, the thermostat will set the valve collar for ex posure of the valve bar ports for oil flow to hold the piston out with the shutters closed. If now,

duringsthis warming up period, the rate of flow fromthe engine should decrease with correspond- I ment of the piston for opening of the shutters will be controlled in a manner hereinbefore explained.

I have shown a practical and efficient embodis ment of the features of my invention but I do not desire to be limited to the exact construction, arrangement and operation shown and described, as changes and modifications may be made without departing from the scope of the invention.

I claim as follows:

1. A controlling structure for an internal combustion engine oil cooler having shutters thereon, comprising a housing having an inlet chamber for receiving the oil from the engine for delivery to the cooler, a cylinder having a piston connected with the cooler shutters for operation thereof, spring means tending to move said piston inwardly for opening movement of the shutters, a valve member in the form of a bar between said inlet chamber and said cylinder and having a bore therethrough for the flow of oil from the chamber to the cylinder, a spring pressed check valve in said bore closing said bore against flow therethrough under normal fluid pressure in said inlet chamber but being responsive to predetermined increased pressure to open said bore for flow of fluid to the cylinder to efiect outward movement of the piston for closing movement of the shutters, ports at opposite sides of said check valve extending from said valve bar bore to the exterior thereof, a valve collar movable on said valve bar and having ports to be brought into registration with said valve bar ports to afford flow passageway from the inlet chamber to the cylinder when said check valve is closed, and a thermostat subjected to the temperature of the discharge oil from the cooler for setting said valve collar in accordance with variations in temperature to open or close said valve bar ports whereby the movement of said piston and shutters will be in accord with the pressure in said inlet chamber and the temperature of the discharge cooler oil.

2. A controlling structure for an internal combustion engine oil cooler having shutters thereon, comprising a housing having an inlet chamber for receiving the oil from the engine for delivery to the cooler, a cylinder having a piston connected with the shutters for control thereof, spring opening of the shutters, avalve member inthe form of a bar between said inlet chamber andsaid cylinder having a bore therethroughfor flow of oil from the inlet chamber into the cylinder behind the piston, a spring pressed check valve in said bore closing said bore against flow into the cylinder under normal fluid pressure conditions but opening said bore under predetermined increased pressure conditions'for fiow of oil into the ,cylinder for outward movement of the piston, ports on opposite sides of said check valve extend ing from said valve bar bore to the outer side thereof,;a-valve collar rotatable on said valve bar and having ports for registering with said 5 valve bar ports for flow of oil from the inlet chamber into the cylinder when said check valve is closed, a camming connection between said piston and said valve bar effective during axial movement of the piston to rotate said valve bar for setting of its ports relativeto said valvecollar ports,

, a thermostat for rotating said valve collar in accordance with variation in temperature of the oil discharged from the cooler for setting of said collar ports relative to said valve bar ports, whereby the rotational movements of said valve bar and valve collar will control the connection or disconnection of the valve bar ports and the valve collar ports and. the movement ofsaid piston and the shutters will be in accord with; the pressure in said ,inlet chamber and the temperature of the discharged cooler oil while said check valve is closed. '3. A controlling structure for an internal commeans tending to move said piston inwardly for 78 bustion engine oil cooler having shutters thereon, comprising a housing having an inlet chamber for receiving the oil from the engine for delivery to the cooler, a cylinder having a piston connected with the shutters, a duct for flow of oil from the inlet chamber into the cylinder, a spring pressed check valve in said duct shutting ofi flow therethrough under normal pressure conditions in said inlet chamber, a by-passageway around said check valve for flow of oil to said cylinder when said check valve is closed, a control valve for said bypassageway rotatable on said duct, and thermostat means for setting said control valve in accordance with the temperature of the discharged cooler oil, said thermostat means under comparatively low temperature setting said control valve for closure of said by-passageway, said check valve during closure of said by-passageway being responsive to abnormal pressure increase in said inlet chamber to open passageway through said duct for flow of oil for moving said piston for closure movement of the shutters.

4. A controlling structure for an internal combustion engine oil cooler having shutters thereon, comprising a housing having an inlet chamber for receiving the oil from the engine for delivery to the cooler, a cylinder having a piston connected with the shutters, a duct between said inlet chamber and said cylinder for fluid flow to said cylinder and operation of said piston to control the shutters, a check valve in said duct and a spring for holding it closed against flow therethrough under normal pressure in said chamber, a bypassageway around said check valve for flow of oil to said cylinder when said check valve is closed, a control valve for said by-passageway surrounding said duct, and thermostat means for setting said control valve in accordance with the temperature of the cooler oil discharge flow to open or close said by-passageway, said check valve during closure of said by-passageway by said control valve responding to predetermined pressure increase in said chamber to open said duct for flow to the cylinder' for movement of the ;piston-'to elosetheshutters.

- A controlling structure for an internal combustion engine oil-cooler having shutters thereon, comprising-an inlet chamber for receiving'the oil 'fro-m' the engine for delivery to the cooler, a

cylinder-havinga piston therein connected with the cooler shutters for control thereof, spring means tending to shift said piston for opening of --the -shutters, a duct between said inlet chamber andsaidcylinder, a check valve in said duct respam-ye only to predetermined abnormal pres- '-sure iri said chamberto open said duct for flow, portsdnsaid-duct at opposite sides of said check valve, a control valve movable on said duct and having ports; thermostat means responsive to the temperature of the cooler discharge flow for setting said control valve to'shut ofi said duct ports orto register its ports withthe duct ports to define a lay-passageway around said check valve for flow into the cylinder'w-hen said check valve is-closed for outward movement of the piston to move the-shutters to closing position under pressure less than that necessary to open said check valve.-

-- 6. A controlling structure for an internal cominwardly for opening movement of the shutters, a valve member in the form of a bar between said inlet chamber and said cylinder and having a bore therethrough for flow of oil from the chamber to the cylinder, a spring pressed check valve in said bore closing said bore against flow therethrough under normal fluid pressure in said inlet chamber but being responsive to. predetermined increased pressure to open said bore for flow of fluid to the cylinder to effect outward movement of the piston for closing movement of the shutters, ports on opposite sides of said check valve extending from said valve bar bore to the outer side thereof, a valve collar rotatable on said valve bar and having ports for registering, with said valve bar ports for flow of oil from the inlet chamber into said cylinder when said check valve is closed, a thermostat subjected to the temperature of the discharged oil from the cooler for setting said valve collar in accordance with variations in temperature to open or close said valve bar ports, and a connection between said piston and valve bar efiective upon axial movement of said piston to rotate said valve bar to move its ports into or out of registration with said collar ports for continuation of flow or stoppage of flow into the cylinder while said check valve is closed until said thermostat operates said collar for setting of its ports for reclosure or reopening of said valve bar ports.

HARRY L. CHISHOLM, J R.

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