US233194A - Geoege s - Google Patents

Description

(M0del.)

G. S. BOSWORTH.

Boiler Furnace.

Patented Oct. 12,1880.

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BOlLER-FU RNACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 233,194, dated October 12, 1880.

Application filed September 18,1880. (ModeL) To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, GEORGE S. BosvvoR'r-H, of Troy, county of Rensselaer, and State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Boiler-Furnaces, of which the following is a full, clear, and exact description, reference being had to the accompanyingdrawings, and to the letters of reference marked thereon.

Figure 1 is a vertical axial section of a boiler furnace constructedand arranged in accordance with my improvements, showing so much of the improved device as is necessary to (ma ble one to understand the principles of operation and general nature of the invention. Fig. 2 is a horizontal section upon a plane passing through line 00 a: of Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is an axial section similar to Fig. 1, but showing a modified means of suspending the grate, all within the scope of my invention. Figs. 4 and 5 are respectively a partial section and an end view illustrating a modified means of introducing the feed-air, which means are similar in principle to those indicated in the preceding figures, but differ only in mechanical arrangement.

Like letters of reference wherever they occur indicate like parts in all the figures.

My invention has relation to all manner and classes of boilers or boiler-furnaces used in the generation of steam; and it has for its object a simple, complete, and economical construction, whereby all the advantages of the Water-grate are combined with those of a downdraft or base-burning furnace, with simple arrangements for checking, regulating, and controlling or reversing the draft at the will of the operator, thus effecting a considerable saving in the consumption of fuel and a more rapid, thorough, and economical generation of steam than in any of the constructions heretofore known and used.

To accomplish all of this the invention involves certain new and useful combinations or arrangements of parts and peculiarities of construction, all of which will be hereinafter first fully explained, and then pointed out in the claims.

\ Although the invention is applicable to all classes of boiler-furnaces, the locomotive-boiler alone has been selected for the illustration of the principles thereof, since from this class to the others only an ordinary degree of mechanical skill is required to make the changes.

A represents the tubular water-grates,which, as in Figs. 1 and 2, are seen to be in communication with the water-leg B in front, being supported by the interior wall of such waterleg, and being suspended at their rear by the tubes 0 G, which communicate with the waterspace above thecroWn-sheet.

Of course the several tubes A are connected at their rear ends by a cross-tube, D, or equivalent connection, so that the circulation through the grate will be complete and unimpeded. Under this arrangement the suspending-tubes O O are located in the corners of the fire-box and well out of the way.

Instead of using the water-leg B in front as a means of supporting one end of the watergrate, this leg may be omitted and the grate suspended by four corner-tubes, as indicated at O and G in Fig. 3, the several tubes being in proper communication through means substantially such as referred to in connection with Figs. 1 and 2; or both the front and rear water-legs may be employed as supports for the grate-tubes. In fact, any preferred form of water-grate may be employed, since such grates are well known; but the construction and arrangement should be such as to facilitate the application thereto of the several features necessary to secure the beneficial results of my' improved combinations.

As before intimated, the feed-air is to be admitted above the fuel and compelled to pass down through it, (when the fire is to be best maintained,) thus constituting a downdraft or base-burning furnace.

The combustion-chamber F below the grate is made of ample capacity to afford room for the expansion of the generated gases, and the draft-passage G communicates with the boilerflues, being provided with a suitable form of damper, so that it may be entirely opened or closed or regulated in size at pleasure. I find it convenient to so arrange damper E that it will also govern the exit-opening I, located over the position of the bed of coals or fuel upon the grate A. This passage 1 communicates with the boiler-fines, and serves as a means of permitting a current of air to pass directly over the burning fuel, whereby the fire may be properly dampered or banked.

As in Figs. 1 and 2, the feed-air is admitted to the fire-box through a pair of airtlues, K K, extending up on each side of the fuel-door L and opening into the box at about the same level as said door.

Such being the general construction and arrangement, in order to start the fire the fuel is first placed on the water-grates A and the kindling on the top. The opening I is obstructed by damper H and passage G allowed to remain open. The tire is lighted, fueldoor L closed, and air permitted to enter through the fiues provided for it. The draft then is down through the fuel and grates A into combustion-chamber F, up through passage G, and out through the boiler-tiues.

The highly-heated fuel in contact with the water-grate and the expansion of the burning gases against the water-legs and against the water bottom M contribute largely to the rapid initial evaporation of the water contained, and afterward in their outward passage these gases give up their heat to the surrounding parts ot'the boiler with all the facility as in furnaces of the ordinary direct or upward draft patterns.

To reverse the draft it is only necessary to close passage G, open passage I, and admit air under the grate, which may be done by employment ofany convenient arrangement such, for instance, as the ash-door with corresponding opening X.

To damper the tire, open fuel-door L and passage I, closing the remaining air-openings. This will permit a current of cold air directly across the top of the firebox.

The water-bottom M is in nowise essential to the construction of my improved boiler, though its use in some classes is deemed of advantage. The fines K K should be provided with suitable dampers, (not shown,) so that the incoming feed-air may be regulated in accordance with requirements of circumstances.

One considerable advantage in the employment of the downdraft is that when the fuel is being passed in through door L the air which finds admission serves to augment the volume of feed-air and does not interfere with the intensity of the fire, as is the case in all direct-draft furnaces.

Under my improved arrangement, instead of using the flues K K, the feed-air might be admitted at the sides or end of the furnace through suitable tubes k 7:, as shown in Figs. 4 and 5, these tubes in all cases opening into the fire-box at a point above the mass of fuel upon the grate, and being properly dampered, so as to be under control of the operator.

Within the passage G, I extend the waterleg 0, which is there in proper position to be impinged upon by the burning gases at their highest temperature, thus contributing considerable toward the steam-generating qualities of the furnace. This leg also serves as a means of contracting the passage G, and as a convenient seat for damper H in its lowermost position.

The general arrangement and construction above explained are found in practice to atford excellent results. It is simple, cheap, efi'ective, and fulfills all the purposes and objects of the invention, as previously stated.

Having thus fully described my invention, what 1 claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination of the water-grate A, feed-air conduits K K, or their specified eq uivalents, located on opposite sides of the fueldoor, and combustion-chamber F, and dampered passage G, leading to the boiler-fines, substantially as and for the purposes set forth.

2. In a boiler-furnace having provision for both an upward and a downward draft, either or both of which are under control of the operator, and having an enlarged combustionchamber beneath the grate, the water-grate A, composed of tubes in communication with the Water-space in the boiler, substantially as as shown and described.

3. In a base-burning or downdraft boilerfurnace, the water-grate A, suspended at one end by the wall of the water-leg and at the other by a cross-tube which connects with all the hollow grate-bars, and a pair of vertical tubes communicating with the water-space above the crown-sheet, substantially as set forth.

4. In a base-burning or downdraft boilerfurnace, the combination of the front waterleg, the tubular water-grate supported at one end by the inner wall of said leg, the corner suspending-tubes passing through the crownshcet, the enlarged combustion-chamber 1*, passage G, damper H, opening I above the fuel on the grate, and the air-inlet passages, all constructed and arranged to operate substantially in the manner shown and described.

5. In a downdraft-furnace provided with a water-grate in communication with the waterspace in the boiler, the opening I and passage G, having common damper H, by means of which either can be opened or closed or regulated in size, substantially as shown and described.

6. The combination of grate A, air-conducting fines K K, or their specified equivalents, combustion-chamber F,water-bottom M, dampered aperture N, passage G, opening I, and

common damper H, the whole being construct-- ed and arranged to operate substantially in In testimony that I claim the foregoing 1 10 the manner and for the purposes set forth. have hereunto set my hand in the presence of 7. In a boiler-furnace provided with means two witnesses. for producing an upward or a downward draft at pleasure, the water-leg 0, located in passage GEORGE S. BOSWORTH. G, and serving to contract said passage as Well as to form a convenient seat for the draft-con- Witnesses:

trolling damper when turned down upon it, ANDREW CUNNINGHAM, substantially as shown and described. E. W. GREENMAN.

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