US2325388A - Calculating machine - Google Patents

Description

July 27, 1943.'

C. M. FRIDEN CALGULATING MACHINE Filed July 14, 1959 July 27, 1943. c. M. FRIDEN 2,325,388

CALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 14, 1939 6 Sheets-Sheet 2 F ',IE E

INVENTOR ATTOR N EY July 27, 1943. Q Ml FRlDEN CALCULA'TING MACHINE 6 Sheets-Sheet 5 Filed July 14, 1939 ml mHnloHiV INVENTOR Car/ Fr/'ae/i BYMM/MAA/ ATTORN EY July 27, 1943. c. M. FRIDEN GALCULATING MACHINE Filed July 14, 1939 e sheets-sheet 5 .July 27, 1943. c. M. FRIDEN CALCULATING MACHINE Fi-lgd .my 14, 1939 6 sheets-sheet e .INVENToR Car/ M Fr/'de/v lBY ATTORN EY f Pal-,nad July 27, 1943 CALCULATING MACHINE Carl M. Friden, Oakland, Calif., assignorto Friden Calculating Machine ration of California Co., Inc., a corpo- Application July 14, 1939, Serial No. 284,493

(Cl. 23S-146) 12 Claims.

My invention relates to calculating machines and is concerned more particularly with the p rovision of an improved machine of this character which is adapted for use in calculating operations involving a constant factor. I

It is a general object of my invention to provide an improved calculating machine having constant factor mechanism which is diierentially settable for adjustment to diiferent selected values.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved calculating machine of the character referred to in which an auxiliary differential mechanism is provided to adjust the usual.

selecting mechanism associated with the key board.

Another object of theV invention is to provide an improved calculating machine of the character referred to in` which the constant factor mechanism can be employed or not as desired `by the operator.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved calculating machine of the character referred to having auxiliary differential means for superseding the key board control of the machine in entering values therein.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved calculating machine of the character referred to in which the 4constant factor mechanism is automatically brought into operation bycontrol means which initiates a machine operation, and which can be used in both multiplication and division.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved calculating machine of the character referred to in which the auxiliary constant factor mechanism can be brought into operation irrespective of whether keys of the keyboard are depressed.

Another object of the invention is to provide an improved calculating machine which is particularly adapted to calculate the distribution of overhead and other expenses. Y

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description of a preferred embodiment thereof as illustrated in the accompanying drawings.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a longitudinal sectional elevation throughs. calculating machine embodying my invention with the frontend of the machine broken away.

1 Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. l, but shows the front end of the machine only.

Fig. 3 is a transverse sectional elevation of the keyboard as viewed from the front of the machine, the portion in elevation being taken in a location immediately in front of the zero keys of the keyboard, the portion in section being taken in the plane of the line 3-3 in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a plan view of the front end of the machine with certain portions of the casing and keyboard mechanism broken away to illustrate the mechanism therebeneath.

Fig. 5 is a sectional elevation of the right side plate of the machine and the control and operating parts mounted thereon. The view is indicated by the line 5-5 in Fig. 4.

Fig. 6 is a sectional elevation of a portion of the plus-minus key mechanism and the division mechanism, the view being taken as indicated by the line '.-B in Fig. 4.

Fig. '7 is a fragmentary sectional elevation of the left side plate and certain control mechanisms mounted thereon, the plane of the view being indicated by the line 'l--T in Fig. 4.

My invention is illustrated as embodied in the type of calculating machine having a uni-directionally operable actuator and reversible or bidirectionally operable numeral wheels, as disclosed in my co-pending application, Serial No. 724,482, led May 8, 1934, now Patent No. 2,229,889, granted January 28, 1941. While certain features of my invention are adapted particularly for use in this type of machine, my invention is of general application and can Abe used in other types of calculating machines.

Selecting, actuating and accumulating mecham'sms The machine includes base I0 (Fig. 1) which supports casing Il and has side frame plates I2, I3 (Figs. 1 and 4) mounted thereon. Side plates I2, I3 are connected by various cross frame brackets I5, I1, I8 and I9 (Fig. 1) which serve to mount various mechanisms referred to hereinafter.

The accumulator comprises a series of reversible numeral wheels 2| (Fig. 1) in register carriage 22 which is mounted on brackets I6 and I9 by rollers 23 for endwise shifting movement laterally of the machine in either direction to var- -ious ordinal positions. The values to be introduced into numeral wheels 2| vare selected by means of a plurality of banks or orders of settable numeral keys 24, each bank of which coopcrates with selecting mechanism including a pair of spring-urged value selecting slides 25, 26 (Figs. 1-3) mounted for endwise movement by pivotally mounted link 21. Slides 25 and 26 are provided endwise movement on plate 58.

with cam surfaces of varying inclination so that they can be set differentially in accordance with the value of a depressed numeral key. Slide 25 is associated with the to keys, and slide 26 is associated with the 6 to 9 keys.

At their rearward ends, slides 25, 26 of each order are connected to similar ten-tooth gears 28 slidably and non-rotatably mounted on a square shaft 29 suitably journalled yin brackets Il and |8, so that differential positioning of one of slides 25, 26 serves to similarly position the associated gear 28 with respect to the corresponding sets of stepped teeth' of the associated actuating cylinder 30. Keys 25 of each bank are provided with a spring-urged latching slide 3| (Figs. 1 and 2) of conventional construction which maintains a depressed key in depressed position. Each slide 6| may be moved to key releasing position by operation of release key 62 (Fig. 2) or all the slides may be moved to key releasing position by means of bail 33 pivotally mounted as at 66. i

Cylinders 60 (Fig. l) for two orders of the machine are mounted on each actuating shaft 65 for cooperation with adjacent pairs of shafts Shafts 35 have suitable bevel gear` connections with transverse shaft 36 which is suitably jourvnalled in side plates I2, i6.

Shaft 36 and shafts 35 are driven cyclically from motor 37 (Fig. 1) through clutch 38 (Fig. 5) which is driven by suitable gearing 3E) from motor shaft Alt). As explained in my said copending application, clutch 38 is engaged or dis'- engaged by oscillation of spring-urged clutch pawl or dog lli mounted for rotation with shaft 36 and with respect to ratchet |52 journalled on shaft36 and driven by gearing 39. Clutch control lever @3 pivoted on side plate I3 determines engagement or disengagement of the clutch by releasing or engaging clutch dog ll in the full cycle position thereof.

The values set in the machine by depression of keys 2d will be introduced into numeral wheels 2| by the cooperation of gears 28 with the teeth of cylinders 3D during cyclic operation of the clutch in a manner which will now be described. Each square shaft 29 (Figs. 1 and 3) extends rearwardly of the machine thru bracket Il and has its rear end journalled in bracket i6. Intermediate brackets |6,' l'l, a spool tl is slidably and non-rotatably mounted on each shaft 29 and has opposite bevel gears |56, il at its ends positioned for cooperation with numeral wheel gear 68 mounted at the lower end of numeral wheel shaft i9 journalled in frame 5| of carriage 22. Therefore, when one set of gears 66, il is engaged with gears 138, numeral wheels 2| will be rotated forwardly or reversely to register a number of increments equal to the value of the depressed keys 24 in the aligned banks of keys.

Plus and minus keys Means are provided for selectively determining positive or negative registration on the numeral wheels in the form of plus key 56 (Fig. 6) and minus key 51 which are slidably mounted on auxiliary frame plate 58. Depression of either of keys 56, 51 serves to engage the clutch, close the motor circuit and select the sign character` af the registration;

To enable the drive, keys 56, 51 have respective pins 5S in operative relation with suitable cam surfaces on clutch actuating slide 6| mounted for To eiect control I a clockwise direction as viewed in Fig. 5 to release clutch dog 6| for engagement with ratchet To close the motor circuit, slide 6| is slotted for engagement pin 66 (Figs. 5 and 6) carried by lever 66 (Fig. 5) which is pivoted on side plate I3 and connected at its lower end with lever 66 also pivoted on plate I3. Lever 56 has a suitable insulated pin in overlapping relation with spring mounted contact 6l normally spaced from similar contact 63. Upon clutch-engaging movement of slide 6|, levers 66 and 66 are rocked to move contact 6l into engagement with contact 68.

T o determine the sign character of the registration, plus and `minus keys 56, 5l (Fig. 6) have respective rollers il, disposed in operative relation `with opposed cam surfaces l2 on plus-minus slide is.V slide is is mounted for endwise move-y ment at its front end by link l and at its rear end byarm 6 on shaft 'W (Figs. 1 and 6) which is suitably journalled iny slide plates l2, i3. Shaft ll carries. transversely extending strap 'l (Fig. 1) which is positioned between gears d6, il? s0 that rocking movement of shaft ll under control of plus-minus slide. 73, serves to determine engagement of gears 16 or Ill with numeral wheel gears i8 (Fig. 1) or to determine the disengagem ment thereof as in the position shown. VThe gears 16, il may be resiliently held in their'central neutral position by suitable centralizing neans of the character shown in said applicaion.

Thus depression of plus key 56 by meshing gears 66, Q6 and enabling the drive determines one or more positive registrations of the value set in the keyboard on numeral wheels 2 Simllarly, depression of key 5l determines one or more negative registrations of such values by meshing gears (il, 68.

\ Accumulator transfer mechanism Means of conventional construction are provided for carrying from order to order in the accumulator when the registration of a numeral wheel changes from Zero to nine 0r vice versa. For this purpose, each numeral wheel shaft 49 (Fig. l) carries a single tooth gear 6| in operative relation with transfer lever 82 suitably pivoted on frame 5I. Each lever 82 has an end extending downwardly into operative relation with collar 86 of the next higher order of the machine, which carries gear 86 normally disposed out of the path of single tooth actuator 8l on shaft 35. When numeral wheel 2| of one order passes from nine to zero or vice versa, Single tooth gear 8| rocks lever 82 to position gear 86 of the next higher order in the path of the associated transfer actuator 81. Thus, the transferred increment is introduced through either gear @i6 or (il of next higher order depending upon setting of the machine for addition or subtraction. The transfer mechanism is of the type fully disclosed in my said co-pending application.

Revolutions counter A revolution counter is also provided to register negative registrations on numeral wheels 2| as fully disclosed in said application.

Carriage shift mechanism Means of conventional construction are provided for shifting the carriage in either directionA from one ordinal position to another by power driven means controlled bymanually operable keys. Carriage 22 (Fig. l) has toothed rack 0| suitably mounted along the rear side thereof and the teeth of the rack are adapted for engagement by similar opposite shift pins |02 on shift gear |03 suitably journalled on bracket I6. Shift gear |03 is rotated selectively in either direction through suitable gearing |04 to shift the carriage through any desired number of ordinal spaces, by means including normally disabled drive connections |06 With one or more of shafts 35, each drive" connections being controlled by a suitable linkage .including rod |01 and arm |08, operated from respective shift keys |09, (Fig. 5). The carriage shift mechanism pending application Serial No. 27,338, filed June 19, 1935.

and the motor circuit for closing. At its front Y, cause of the action of special mechanism brought is of the type disclosed and claimed in my co- Serial No. 35,619, filed August 16, 1935,Y and the mechanism operates in the conventional manner to repeatedly subtract the divisor from the aligned order of the divided until an overdraft occurs. The overdraft is corrected, the carriage shifted, and subtractive operation re-initiated, until the desired number of quotient digits are obtained in the revolutions counter. Only those conventional parts of the division mechanism which cooperate in providing the instant invention will be described.

Division control lever |2| (Fig. 6) is pivoted at |22 on auxiliary plate 58 and has its lower end in operative relation with roller |23 on division setting slide |24. To provide for endwise movement thereof, slide |24 is slotted to engage studs |26 on plate 58. Spring/|21. tensioned between slide |24 and plate 58 urges slide |24 to its forward position illustrated in Fig. 6.` At its rear end, slide |24 carries roller |28 in abutting relation with a depending part of arm |3| of connecting lever |32, which set the machine for division and'enables the drive as later described. Lever |32 is pivoted at |33 on arm |34 which is supported pivotally at |35 on plate 58. Arm |34 is oscillated by cam |36 in controlling machine operations during division as fully described in said application Serial No. 35,619.

From the foregoing description,'it is seen that rearward movement of division setting slide |34 serves through roller |28 to rock lever |32 in a clockwise direction about its pivot |33 and such clockwise movement serves to connect lever |32 with plus-minus slide 13. For this purpose the rearward arm of lever |32 is provided with notch |31 adapted to engage pin |38 which is suitably mounted on plus-minus slide 13. The movement of bell crank 32 to engage notch |31 with pin |38 serves to move slide 13 forwardly by virtue of inclined edge |39 adjacent notch |31, thereby rocking shaft 11 and meshing gears 41, 48 so |4| having its upper end pivotally connected to the rearward horizontal arm of bell crank`- |42l which is pivotally mounted at |43 on plate 58. The vertical arm of bell crank |42 is in abutting relation with pin |44 adjustably mounted on clutch actuating slide 6|. Spring |46 tensioned between bell crank |42 and plate 58 maintains bell crank |42, link |4| and connecting lever |32 in the positions shown when division setting slide |24 is also in its idle position. Thus, clutch actuating slide 6| is free to be moved under the iniiuence of the other operating controls.

From the described linkage it is seen that clockwise motion of lever |32 serves thru link |4i and bell crank |42 to move clutchactuating slide 6| rearwardly to rock control lever 43 (Fig.

5) to clutch engaging position as previously described. However, the clutch is not engaged beinto play by division setting slide |24.

i Pin |5| (Figs. 5 and 6) on slide |24 lies in front of arm |52 (Fig. 5) provided at |53 on side vplateY |3. Pawl |54 pivoted on arm 52 has its upper arm held against a suitable lateral extension of arm |52 by spring |56. Sp1-ing |56 also serves to hold arm 52 and pawl '|54 in the position shown with nose |51 of pawl |54 spaced from its cooperating notch |58 in clutch dog 4|.

Rearward movement of slide |24 (Fig. 6) through pin |5| serves to rock arm |52 and pawl |54 totv engage nose |51 with notch |58 so that clutch dog 4| is maintained in clutch disengaging position irrespective of the release thereof by control lever 43. Subsequently, the return movement of slide |24 forwardly, permits engagement of the clutch. Thus, the clutch is not engaged prematurely so that if the motor should be coasting from a previous operation no harm is done.

It will be recalled also that the rearward movement of slide 6| serves through levers 64, 66 (Fig. 5) to move contact 61 to circuit closing position. However, the circuit is not closed by this movement of Contact 61 but is merely conditioned for closing by virtue of the movement of insulated pin |5| (Figs. 5 and 6) mounted on division setting slide |24 and engaging the extended end of contact 68. When slide |24 moves rearwardly, pin 5| moves contact 68 out of circuit closing position and the circuit is merely conditioned for energization. Subsequent restoration of control lever |2| and division setting slide |24 upon release of lever |2| allows contact 68 to return to normal position and thereby engage contact 61 to start the division operation.

However, before the division operation begins, i. e., before return of lever |2| to its normal position, latch means becomes effective to latch the settable parts in their above described adjusted positions for the division. 'I'he latch means may be associated with connecting lever |32to maintain said lever in its adjusted active Constant factor mechanism In many calculating operations, one of the factors is constant through one series of calculations although varying from one series to the next. For example, many interest and percentage calculations are carried on with a constant multiplicand. Many division problems em- 1 ploy a constant dividend or a constant divisor, as for example in distributing the cost of overhead and other expenses. Moreover, it is frequently desirable to perform intermediate calculations between calculations using a constant factor. Heretofore, the keyboard has been utilized for all types of selective setting of selection mechanism, and during operations such as those referred to above, this condition has entailed re- Y peated entry of the same number in the selecting mechanism by use of the keyboard.

In accordance with the instant invention, an auxiliary setting control means is provided for the selection mechanism which can be employed instead -of the keyboard, when a factor is to be used repeatedly in a series of multiplying or dividing operations.

Referring to Figs. l-4, respective selection slides 25 and 26 of each order are provided at their lower edges with cam surfaces |1| leading to seats |12 formed therein for cooperation with respective rollers |13 on selecting arms |14, |16. Arms |14, |16 of each order have two movements,

one a differential movement controlled by the setting means of the constant factor mechanism, and the other an operating movement to move the selecting arms and position the selecting slides 25 and 26 associated therewith. i

To enable differential adjustment of the respective selecting arms |14, |16 (Figs. 1, 2 and 4) the arms are pivoted at |11 to the associated slides |18, |19 which are slotted for engagement with cross rods |8| to be guided for movement parallel to the movement of selection slides 25 and 26. At their forward ends, each set of slides |18, |19 carry respective rollers |82 for cooperation with cams |83, |84 secured on sleeve |86. Disc |81 mounted on sleeveV |86 has setting handle |88 projecting through the casing Il. Sleeves |86 are pivotally mounted in end to end relation on transverse rod |89 extending between side plates I2 and I3. i

The pivotal mounting of disc |81 and the associated assembly provides for adjustment thereof by means of handle |88 through one to nine steps from the position shown to display the numerals inscribed on flange |9| of disc |81 through the aligned sight opening |92 of the casing. The adjusted position of the disc |81 and the associated parts are maintained by spring-urged pawl |93 (Fig. 2) engageable with seats' |94 in disc |81.

The counterclockwise movement of the disc |81 produces similar movement of cams |83 and |84 to correspondingly position the' respective slides |18, |19 and selecting arms |14, |16. It will be seen in Fig. 2 that cam |83 is provided with cam rise |96 which becomes effective immediately upon movement of the parts from the position shown in Fig. 2 to set slide |18 selectively in its one to five positions. The cam rise |96 is followedby a concentric portion |91 so that further turning of the assembly has no effect on slide |18. f

Cam |84 in the angular portion thereof corresponding to cam rise |96 is provided with concentric portion |98 which is followed by cam rise |99, corresponding to the concentric portion |91 of cam |83. In this manner the initial ve steps of movement of disc |81 will serve to set slide |18 and selecting arm |14, and the succeeding sixth to ninth steps of movement operate through cam rise |99 to set slide |19 and selecting arm |16. Inasmuch as both gears 28 can be active at the same time, the fact that the slide |18 remains in active position while the slide |19 is being set does not eiect the operation of the machine.

The movement of slides '|18, |19 serves to position the respective rollers of the selecting arms |14, |16 differentially with respect to the associated cam surface |1| of the associated selecting slides 25 and 26, so that rocking movement of selecting arms |14, |16 in a counterclockwise direction will engage the rollers |13 with the respective cam surfaces |1| and effect differential positioning of the selecting slides 25, 26.

Means vis provided under the control of the division mechanism for effecting the actuating movement of the selecting arms |14, |16, and for this purpose the selecting arms |14 (Figs. 1 and 4) are provided with pins or rollers 20| cooperatively related with cam surface 202 of setting arms 203 secured on transverse shaft 204. Two setting arms 203 are provided in each order of the machine, one for selecting arm |14 and one for selecting arm |16, and all of the setting arms 203 are interconnected by transverse rod 206 and suitable spacing collars 201 interposed between the ends of the arms. l

Preferably, the setting movement of the division control means is utilized when the constant factor mechanism is enabled to adjust the select: ing slides in accordance with the'differential setting of the constant factor mechanism and to release any depressed keys which might interfere with such differential position.

To release the depressed keys, transverse rod 206 (Fig. 4) carries link 208 (Figs. 4 and 1) which extends forwardly and is hooked over key release bail 33 so that clockwise movement of shaft 204 as viewedin Fig. 1 will result in rearward movement of link 208 and effect a key releasing movement of the bail 33, and as explained later the bail is latched in'this key releasing position.

At its right hand end, shaft 204 (Figs. 4 and 5) has arm 209 vsupported freely thereon. VThe hub of arm 209 extends through plate |3 and has its reduced end formed as part of a clutch connection with clutch collar 2|0 slidably keyed on shaft 204 and spring-urged to inactive position as shown. To shift collar 2|0 and thereby connect shaft 204 and arm 209, control key 2|| (Figs. 4 and 5) is suitably mounted for endwise movement on side plate I3 and provided with a suitable latch notch for engagement with stud 2| la whereby the key can be latched in depressed position. -The lower cam end of key 2|| is operatively related to lever 2 |2 which is engaged with collar 2|0 by suitable pin and grooves to control its adjusted position. The arrangement of the parts ispsuch that depression of key 2|| eects clockwise movement of lever 2 2 as viewed Arm 209 provides a connection for enabling the constant factor mechanism automatically upon f initial movement of the division lever to `set the .machine for division, and before the division operation is actually begun. For this purpose, arm 209 carries pin 2|3 (Figs. 4 to 6) disposed in front of shoulder 2|4 of division setting slide I 24 so that rearward movement of this slide, that is, to the left in Fig. 6, will cause clockwise rocking of arm 209 and shaft 204 as viewed in Fig. 5.

Latch means are provided for latching the selecting mechanism in active position, and this means is preferably disabled except when the division mechanism is active. Arm 209 (Figs. 5 and 6) carries flat-sided pin 2|6 for cooperation with latch lever 2|`| (Fig. 6) pivoted at 2|8 on plate `58 and having its rearward end normally held elevated by roller 2|9 on bellcrank |32. Lever 2|'| is urged in a counterclockwise direction by spring 22| and can move in that direction to active position upon clockwise movement of bellcrank |32 to lower roller 2|9.

Such clockwise movement of bellcrank |32 occurs during setting of the maohine'for division so that simultaneously with such setting, the values entered in the constant factor mechanism are set into the selecting slides and the mechanism is latched to maintain this setting throughout the division operation. At the end of the division operation when the latch lever |62 (Fig. 5) is released and bellcrank |32 (Fig. 6) isfree to return to position shown in Fig. 6, latch lever 2|'| is moved to inactive position and releases the constant factor mechanism so that it also becomes inactive.

When it is desired to use the constant factor mechanism for other operations than division a vseparate control is provided.

Manually operable key 226 (Fig. 7) is slotted to engage stud 221 placed against the urgency of spring 228 secured thereto and to latching stud 229 on plate I2. Stud 229 is disposed for engagement by latch seat 23| in key 226 to maintain the key depressed. At its lower end key 226 is provided withpin 232 engaging an elongated slot in link 233 pivoted at its other end 234 to arm 236 on the left handV end of shaft 204. Thus, depression of key 226 serves to rock shaft 204 and enable the constant factor mechanism as described.

While I have shown and described a preferred embodiment of the invention, the invention is capable of both variation and modification so 'that its scope should be limited only by the appended claims.

I claim:

l. In a calculating machine, selecting mechaxnism, normally ineffective differentially settable means for superseding the control of said keyconnect the arm to shaft board over said selecting mechanism, machine operation control means including an operation key having one movement to condition the machine for operation and another movement to initiate operation of the machine, and means operated by said key during said one movement thereof for enabling saidsettable means to thereso that the key can be disby set one factor of the calculation into the selecting mechanism during conditioning of the machine for operation. I

3. In a calculating machine, selecting mechanism, a keyboard for controlling said mechanism, normally ineffective differentially settable means for setting said selecting mechanism, division control mechanism for said machine including a control member having an inactive position and an active position, means controlled by said mechanism for moving said settable means to effective position, means for latching said settable means in effective position, said latching means being spring-urged to latching position, and means controlled by said member in the inactive position thereof for restraining said latching means.

4. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, ordinally arranged diiferential selecting mechanism having the orders thereof arranged transversely of the machine, a plurality of longitudinally extending banks of keys for cooperation with the respective orders of said selecting mechanism, a series of ordinally arranged differentially settable auxiliary control means for sa'id selecting mechanism arranged in front of said bank of keys, and operating connections `from each of said auxiliary setting means to the `to one element only of the associated pair of elements and the others of the keys of a bank being operatively related only to the other element of said associated pair, a series of differentially settable dials, one dial being arranged in front of each bank of keys, a pair of cams associated with each dial, and a selectively operable slide from each of said cams to one of said selecting elements, one of said cams having a cam rise disposed for operation during the initial portion of the setting of said dial and being inactive during the last portion of the setting movement thereof, and the other of said cams being inactive during said initial portion of the setting movementl of said dial and having a cam rise disposed for operation during said last portion thereof.

6. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, the combination with ordinally arranged differential selecting mechanism for said accumulator, and ordinal banks of keys for setting said selecting mechanism; of auxiliary, ordinally arranged control means for said selecting mechanism, including manually operable differentially settable means associated with each order of said selecting mechanism for superseding the control of the related banks of keys and for setting said associated order of said selecting mechanism, said settable means in each order being individually adjustable to represent values from zero to nine andsaid settable means having an idle position in which it is settable torepresent dif- I ferential values but is ineffective to cause regisistering in said accumulator, machine operation control means including an operation initiating key, and means operated by said key for moving said settable means to its active position.

10. In a-calculating machine having an accumulator, ordinally arranged dierentially settable selecting mechanism, a keyboard for conytrolling said mechanism, normally ineffective lecting mechanism, and means for latching said keys in depressed position; of auxiliary, ordinally arranged control means for said selecting mechanism including manually operable differentially settable means associated with each order of said selecting mechanism for superseding control of the related banks of said keys and for setting said associated order of said selecting mechanism, said settable means in each order being individually adjustable to represent values from zero to nine and said settable means having an idle position in which it is settable to represent differential values but is ineffective to cause registering of such values and also having an active controlling position in which the values set therein are also set in said selecting mechanism to control registerin'g in said accumulator, and means brought into play with said settable means in said active controlling position for rendering said latcning means ineffective.

8. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, the combination with ordinally arranged diiferentially settable selecting mechanism for said accumulator, and keys for controlling the setting thereof; an auxiliary control means for said selecting mechanism, including manually operable differentially settable means arranged in ordinal relation with each order thereof cooperating With an associated order of said selecting mechanism, each order of said settable means being individually adjustable by manual setting movement to represent values from zero to nine, said settable means having an idle position in which it is settable to represent said differential values but ineffective to cause registering of said values in the machine and also having an active controlling position in which the values set therein are also set in said selecting mechanism to control registering in said accumulator, means for moving said differential settable means to its active controlling position, and means for latching said settable means in said active controlling position.

9. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, ordinally'arranged differentially settable selecting mechanism, a keyboard for controlling said mechanism, normally ineffective differentially settable means arranged in ordinal fashion and related order to order with said selecting mechanism for superseding the control of said keyboard over said selecting mechanism, said settable means having an idle position in which it is settable to represent diiferential values but is ineffective to cause registering of* said values and also having an active controlling position in which the values set therein are also set in said selecting mechanism to control regdifferentially settable means arranged in ordinal fashion and related order to order with said selecting mechanism for superseding the control of said keyboard over said selecting mechanism, said settable means having anidle position in which it is settable to represent differential values ,but is ineffective to cause registering of said values and also having an active controlling position in which the values set therein are also set in said selecting mechanism to control registering in said accumulator, machine operation control means including an operation initiating key, means operated by said key for moving said settable means to its active position, and means controlled by said operation initiating key for rendering said keyboard ineffective when said settable means is active.

1l. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, ordinally arranged selecting mechanism, a keyboard `for controlling said mecha--l nism, normally ineffective differentially settable means arranged in ordinal fashion and related order t0 order with said selecting mechanism for superseding the control of said keyboard over said selecting mechanism, said settable `means having an idle position in which it is settable to represent differential values but is ineffective to cause registering of said values and also having an active controllingposltion in which the values set therein are also set in said selecting mechanism to control registering in said accumulator, means for dividing an amount entered in said accumulator by an amount set into said selecting mechanism including a member movable to initiate a division operation, and means controlled by said member upon movement thereof for moving said settable means to its active position.

12. In a calculating machine having an accumulator, ordinally arranged selecting mechanism, a keyboard for controlling said mechanism, normally ineffective differentially settable means arranged in ordinal fashion and related order to order with said selecting mechanism for superseding the control of said keyboard over said selecting mechanism, said settable means having an idle position in which it is settable to represent differential values but is ineffective to cause registering of said values and also having `an active controlling position in which the values set therein are also set in said selecting mechanism to control registering in said accumulator, means for dividing an amount entered in said accumulator by an amount set into saidselecting mechanism including a memtion, and manually settable control means for 4 enabling said train.

CARL M. FRIDEN.

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