US2323991A - Yarn twisting - Google Patents

Description

y 1943- ,J. E. HALIN YARN TWISTING Filed Sept. 19 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet l NVENTOR. JUL ES 5. f/A L /N BY/ A TTORNEVS July 13, 1943. J. E. HALlN YARN TWISTING Filed Sept. 19, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet? INVENTOR. JuLEs E. HAL/N 7' TORNE Y6 Patented July 13, 1943 YARN 'rwrsrmc Jules E. Halin, Drummondville, Quebec, Canada, asslgnor to Celanese Corporation of America,

a corporation of Delaware Application September 19, 1941, Serial No. 411,53

11 Claims.

This invention relates to a twisting device, and relates more particularly to an attachment for a twisting device whereby two or more yarns are delivered to said twisting device at different predetermined rates.

In the manufacture of certain combination yarns, for example, a combination yarn in which a low-twist yarn is plied with a crepe yarn, i. e. a yarn of high-twist, a twist of from two to five turns per inch is usually inserted in the doubling operation and a further twist of seven to twelve turns per inch is inserted in a subsequent twisting operation. In both of these operations the crepe yarn is reduced in length with respect to the low-twist yarn. It is an object of this invention to provide an improved method and apparatus for delivering the yarns from their source of supply to the doubling and twisting apparatus in such a manner that in the finished plied yarn the components thereof are of equal length.

A further object of this invention is the provision of a novel method of and device for giving a slight difierence of feed to yarns supplied from two or more bobbins to a textile machine such as the conventional type of silk doubling machine.

Another object of the invention is to provide a novel method and devicefor feeding two or more yarns to a doubling machine wherein one yarn is fed to the doubling machine at a speed which difiers from 0.05 to from the speed of the other yarn or yarns being fed to the same spindle of the machine.

Other objects of this invention, together with certain details of construction and combinations of parts, will appear from the following detailed description and drawings.

In the accompanying drawings:

Figure 1 is a perspective view of a portion of a conventional doubling machine showing the attachment of my invention mounted between the detector and feed roll of the doubling machine,

Figure 2 is a detail view, on an enlarged scale and partly in section, of the roller of my invention,

Figure 3 is a front elevation showing the detector and feed roll of a conventional silk doubling machine with a modified form of this invention interposed therebetween,

Figure 4 is a front elevation of the attachment shown in Figure 3 with a different arrangement of rollers,

Figure 5 is a plan view of the rollers of the attachment'showing an offset in the axes of the .rollers. and

Figure 6 is a front elevation of an attachment showing a different arrangement of rollers than that shown in Figures 3 and 4.

Like reference numerals indicate like parts throughout the several views of the drawings.

My invention is applicable to the differential feeding of any type of yarn to any textile apparatus. For example, it may be employed to deliver to a doubling machine yarns having different degrees of elasticity or other different textile characteristics, e. g. where a cellulose acetate yarn is doubled with a regenerated cellulose yarn, a silk yarn or a wool yarn. However, my invention finds a particularly important use in the production'of plied yarns from yarns of lowtwist, such as yarns having a twist of from about three to twenty turns per inch, with yarns having a crepe twist, such as yarns having a twist of about forty-five turns per inch, where it is desired that the finished plied yarn should have component yarns of equal length.

- Referring now to the drawings, Figures 1 and 2 show one form of my invention attached to a conventional down-twister or silk doubling machine, only the parts essential to the description of my invention being shown. The doubling machine is provided with brackets l and 2 in the outer ends of which there is carried a shaft 3. Mounted on the shaft 3 are a plurality of collars 4 each supporting a guide eye 5. The function of this part of the doubling machine is to guide yarns indicated by reference letters A and B from a creel (not shown) to a feed roller 5 and is commonly called the detector. The feed roller 6 is positively driven by suitable gears or a belt located in the box I. Mounted in a bracket I extending from the box I is an idler roll 8 suitably grooved as indicated at I l for guiding the yarns A and B a number of times around the feed roll 6 and finally grouping together or combining the yarns to be plied for passage through a pigtail guide l2 to a rotating spindle (not shown). Also mounted in the box I is a bracket l3 that supports a standard [4. This standard is adjustable vertically and about its axis, being held in a predetermined position by the set screw l5. Mounted on the standard it is a collar l6 adapted to be held in place by a thumb screw ll. Extending from the collar I6 is an arm is that supports a stud shaft l9.

A grooved wheel 22 rotatably mounted on the shaft i9 is held in place by a nut 23. The wheel 22 is about two inches in diameter and has two deep'V shaped grooves 24 and 25. Instead of a single grooved wheel, there may be provided two ures and 6 where the roller 31 is reversed.

bearings mounted in the hub 21 of the wheel, the

ball or roller race being held in place by the washer 28. The wheel 22 may be of wood, metal or plastic and the cover 26 may be leather, cloth or a lacquer coating having the desired anti-friction property of preventing a slip of the yarns relative thereto. In operation, the yarn A is passed around thegroove 24 having the larger diameter D and it will, therefore, travel faster than the yarn B that is passed around the groove 25. Obviously wheels having grooves of any desired ratio to each other. may be employed.-

When the type of yarns worked upon necessitate the use of a difierently grooved Wheel, the replacement may be madereadily and expeditiously. x

In Figures 3 to 6 there are shown; modified forms of this invention, the design of which permits of a finer adjustment and greater'scope than the device shown in Figures 1 and 2. The attachment shown there comprises a bar 29 attached to the standard M by an arm l8 and collar E6 in a similar manner to the modification described above. The bar 29 is positioned on the arm l8 by a set screw 31'. Mounted in the upper end of the bar 29 are yarn guides 32 which are adjustable and are held in adjusted position by set screws 33. Also mounted in the bar 29 are two-stud shafts 34 and 34' held in plac by set screws 35.

Mounted on the stud shafts 34 and 34' are conical rollers 36 and 31, respectively. The rollers 38 and 31 may be mounted on ball or roller bearings, the ball or roller races being retained in position by collars 38. As shown in Figure 3 the foci of the two conical rollers 36 and 3'! are at opposite ends of the attachment. This arrangement permits of the twisting of the plied yarn in the opposite direction to the twist of the crepe yarn, if desired. If, on the other hand, it is required to twist the plied yarn in the same direction as the twist of the high-twist yarn, the upper roller or the bottom roller may be reversed so that the foci will be at the same end of the attachment as shown in Figure 4 where the roller 36-is reversed and as shown in Fig- It is preferable to have the axes of the rollers 36 and 37 parallel in elevation but not quite so in the plan as indicated by the axes E and F in Figure 5. The object of this particular alignment is to prevent the successive laps of yarns around the rolls from running into one another, as they otherwise might do if the rollers were mounted strictly parallel. The adjustable guides 32 are fixed so as to guide the yarn on to the rollers in such a way that one yarn is sufliciently removed from the other to provide the required differential in rate of feed.

In operation, the yarns A and B froma suitable source of supply are passed through guide eyes 5 of the detector and around groove wheel 22, one yarn entering groove 24 of said wheel 22 and the other groove 25. From groove wheel 22 yarns A and B pass around feed roller I and grooved idler roller 9. The feed roller 8 is positively driven and determines in a positive way the rate of feed of the yarn and thus governs the rate of production and the twist inserted. This roller 6 exercises a pulling effect on both ends of yarn. Accordingly, in producing a combination yarn in which a'low-twist yarn is plied and twisted with a high-twist yarn, if the plied yarn is twisted in the same direction as that of the high-twist yarn, the latter yarn will shorten during the process to a relatively greater extent than the low-twist yarn. With this in view, the high-twist yarn is led around the larger diameter ofthe attachment with the result that a slightly greater measure of high-twist yarn than low-twist yarn is supplied to the feed rolls,

' the difference in diameters of the grooves and thereby the difference in the rate of feed being such that in the finished plied yarn the components are of substantially equal length.

If it is desired to twist the plied yarn in a di-- rection opposite to the direction of twist in the high-twist yarn then the low-twist yarn is fed around the largest diameter of the attachment. Such a setup is shown in Figure 3.

Accordingly, the function of theattachment of my invention is to govern the relative length of two or more yarns fed to a doubling machine.

To this end, the shorter yarn governs the speed of rotation of the attachment; it drives or propels either the grooved wheel or the conical rollers, as the case may be, which in turn exert a pulling action on the other yarn. Above the attachment, the tension of both or all yarns is approximately the same, depending, of course, on the respective weights of the bobbins from which-theyarns are supplied. Below the attachment, the tension on the shorter yarn" is considerably increased while that of the other yarn or yarns is considerably decreased. However, both yarns are somewhat elastic and are therefore liable to stretch under tension, particularly the high-twist yarn. Under the cirsumstances, above the attachment, both yarns are somewhat stretched, while below the attachment, the shorter yarn is stretched to a greater extent, while the longer yarn, now relieved of nearly all tension, recovers its original length. Since the differential in the rate of feed between the yarns is very small (in most instances, probably one or two percent) the take-up or shortening of one yarn and lengthening of the other yarn due to this differential of tension and stretching compensates for the difference of supply so that there is no sag in the longer yarn.

Where the plying of the yarn is in the same direction as the twist in the high-twist yarn, the high-twist end of the plied yarn, after it passes the wheel or rollers and during the rest of the processing of the plied yarn, will be slightly slacker than the other and tending to spiral around it, until this condition is increasingly Having described my invention, what I desire to secure by Letters Patent is:

1. A method of doubling aplurality of yarns, which comprises taking the yarns from a source of supply with a substantially equal tension on each yarn, causing one yarn to travel a greater distance than the other yam or yarns, the yarn traveling the shortest distance governing the speed of travel of all the yarns, causing stretching of the yarn travelling the shorter distance so as to efiect a difierential tension on the yarns and applying twist to said yarns whereby in the twisted yarn the component yarns are of substantially equal length.

2. A method of doubling a low twist yarn with a crepe twist yarn, which comprises taking the yarns from a source of supply, causing the crepe twist yarn to travel a greater distance than the low-twist yarn, the low twist yarn governing the speed of travel of both yarns, causing stretching of the yarn so that the low-twist yarn receives the major portion of thetension exerted on the yarns so as to effect-a diflerential tension on the yarns and applying twist to said yarns in the same direction as the twist in the crepe yarn whereby in the twisted yarn the component yarns are of substantially equal length.

3. A method of doubling a low twist yarn with a crepe twist yarn, which comprises taking the yarns from a source of supply with substantially equal tension, causing the low twist yarn to travel a greater distance than the crepe twist yarn, causing the crepe twist yarn to be stretched so as to increase the tension on the crepe twist yarn and applying twist to said yarns in a direction opposite to that of the twist in the crepe yarn whereby in the twisted yarn the component yarns are of substantially equal length.

4. A method of doubling yarns, which comprises taking the yarns from a source of supply with substantially equal tension on each yarn, stretching one yarn 0.05 to more than the other yarn while causing the least stretched yarn to travel a greater distance than the stretched yarn and applying twist to said yarns so as to cause the twisted yarn tohave component yarns of substantially equal length. I

5. In a doubling machine for twisting together a plurality of yarns, the combination with a positively driven feed roll, of means, including at least one freely rotatable member, cooperating with said feed roll. for drawing one of said yarns from a source of supply at a greater speed than the other yarn or yarns.

6. In a doubling machine for twisting together a plurality of yarns, the combination with a positively driven feed roll, of means, including at least one freely rotatable wheel, cooperating with said feed roll for drawing one of said yarns from a source of supply at a greater speed than the other yarn or yarns.

7 In a doubling machine for twisting together a plurality of yarns, the combination with a positively driven feed roll, of means, including at least one freely rotatable wheel having therein a plurality of grooves of unequal length with which the yarns contact, cooperating with said feed roll for drawing one of said yarns from a source of supply at a greater speed than the other yarn or yarns.

8. In a doubling machine for twisting together a plurality of yarns, the combination with a positively driven feed roll, of means, including a pair of freely rotatable conical rollers, cooperating with said feed roll for drawing one of said yarns from a source of supply at a greater speed than the other yarn or yarns.

9. In a doubling machine for twisting together a plurality of yarns, the combination with a positively driven feed roll, of means, including a pair of freely rotatable conical rollers having non-parallel axes, cooperating with said feed roll for drawing one of said yarns from a source of supply at a greater speed than the other yarn or yarns.

10. In a doubling machine for twisting together a plurality of yarns, the combination with a positively driven feed roll, of means, including a pair of freely rotatable conical -rollers which are parallel in elevation and non-parallel in plan, cooperating with said feed roll for drawing one of said yarns from a source of supply at a greater speed than the other yarn or yarns.

11. In a doubling machine for twistingv together a plurality of yarns, the combination with a positively driven feed roll, of means, including a pair of freely rotatable conical rollers tapering in opposite directions, cooperating with said feed roll for drawing one of said yarns from a source of supply at a greater speed than the other yarn or yarns.

JUL-ES E. HAHN.

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