US2312226A - Leno fabric - Google Patents

Description

lF eb. 23, 1943.

' B. s. WQODWARD' LENO FABRIC Filed June 5, 1941 INV NTOR ,5y/1Z0 Si Woo ward BWM ATTORNEYS Patented Feb. 23, 1943 Burton S. Woodward, Westerly, R. I., assgnor to Delite Fabrics, Inc., a corporation of Rho'de'lsland Application June 5, 1941, Serial No. 396,666

Claims. (Cl. 13S-419W provided as the only ground warp in a dent; or, if

a group of smaller rubber warps are provided in each dent, the leno warp will cross all of these Warps, and in so crossing the entire group of rubber warps in the dent will bind the rubber warps together, and in either case a relatively .-thick fabric will be produced. Also, a fabric so closely woven would not possess the porosity or openings desired Where the yarns used are elastic and contract when the fabric comes from the loom.

One of the objects of this invention is to provide a leno woven elastic fabric which Will be j -thin relative to the Weight of the elastic yarnl provided therein.

Another object of the invention is to provide a fabric which will have a greater porosity or a larger number of openings than fabrics which have been heretofore Woven with the same elas.

tic properties.

More specically, an object of the invention is to restrict the individual elastic warps of a group in their contraction by the crossing of a nonelastic leno warp with the individual elastic ground warps.

With these and other objects in View, the invention consists of certain novel features of construction, as will be more fully described, and particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

In the accompanying drawing:

Fig. 1 is a diagrammatic View showing one form of weave embodying my invention;

Fig. 2v is a diagrammatic View showing another form of weave embodying my invention; and

Figs. 3 and 4 illustrate diagrammatically still vother forms of weaves, each embodying my invention.

In carrying out this invention, in order to produce-a thinner fabric I use a group of elastic ground warps in each dent which would together V make up-the same count as a single elastic Warp Yas heretofore.

`elasticground warps 'of the group, I restrictthe contraction and obtain .a lgreater porosity of ithe fabric than heretofore. The crossing leno 'warp is bound in or combined with -the'ground warps at each `pick of the weftin .aknownmanneix The number of warps in each 4group and .their order of crossing by the leno Warp `at each crossing of 'Warps may vary according ltothe ldesign of the fabric desired. Each crossing of Warps may include only a single ground warp ,of the group; or, the crossing may include pairs of ground Warps at each crossing or vmay `beany number lessthan the Whole. However, the less number of ground Warps crossed at each crossing of warps, the thinner the nishedfabric-.and the more securely locked in place are the leno warps. Referring to the drawing for a more detailed description of the invention, in which Fig. 1 illlustrates diagrammatically a fabricin stretched condition, I0 designates the elastic ground Warps under tension which may consist of covered or uncovered rubber strands or like substance which have sufficient inherent elasticity to rbe stretchable and returnable to normal position. These elastic ground warps are arranged two in agroup or in one dent of the reed designated A andoperate with a non-elastic leno or crossing warp I I also in the same dent of the reed. The wefts, designated generally I2, with which the warps interlace, may be all elastic or non-elastic or a combination of both and are here shown as consisting of an elastic weft I3 and non-elastic weft I4, alternating at each pick or in groups of two picks. However, this particular order may be varied to suit the particular result desired In the fabric diagram of Fig. l the leno or crossing warp I I operatedby its-doup-crosses theelastic warp I Ei for three picks and the other elastic warp I6 of the group I5, I6 is raised to oat across the Wefts Which lock with the companion warp of the group. For the successive three picks the leno or crossing Warp II is operated to cross the other elastic warp I6 of the-group I5, I6 and the now free elastic warp I5 is raised to float across the Wefts which lock with the companion vwarp of the group. For the next successive threerpicks the leno Warp I-I is again crossed or combined with the ground elastic warp I5 and the now free ground Warp I6 is floated across the such wefts This completes a repeat yof the design. It will be apparent that in this arrangement the non-elastic leno or crossing warp isv interlocked with each individual elastic warp of the group with which it isassociated, whichlprovides a rm tying of the leno warp in the fabric.

In Fig. 2 of the drawing,the groupB of :ground warps comprises threey elasticfthreadsI I1, I8-, and I9 in each group under tension and to function with a non-elastic leno warp 20 all in the same dent of the reed. As in the diagram shown in vinterwoven with the wefts. weave here shown in the diagram is not any par- .cation of the invention.

Fig. 1, the wefts in this arrangement also consist of a non-elastic weft 2I and elastic weft 22 alternating at each pick with one another to interlace with the warps. In the arrangement of the crossing of warps in this instance, the leno warp is first crossed back and forth for three picks to combine with the ground warp I1; then it crosses warp I8 back and forth for two picks to combine with the ground warp I8, and then crosses Warp I9 back and forth for three picks to combine with ground warp I9, and then combines with the warp I8 for two picks and combines with warp I'I for three picks for the start of another repeat of the weave.

have not been crossed by the leno thread are The ground plan of ticular plan of weave but merely one to conveniently tie the uncrossed portion of the ground warp with the Wefts.

In Figs. 3 and 4, I have shown further appli- In Fig. 3, the group C of ground warps comprises four elastic threads 23, 24, 25, and 26, with a non-elastic leno Warp 2'I all in the same reed dent. The Wefts in the instant disclosure may also comprise an elastic weft l28 alternating at each pick with a non-elastic weft 29. In this diagram, the leno warp is shown as beginning a repeat by rst crossing back and forth for three picks with a single ground warp of the group, then crossing back and forth with a pair of ground warps for two picks, then a single ground warp on the other side for three picks, and

then in the reverse order back to ground warp 23 to complete a repeat of the Weave.

In Fig. 4 there are three elastic ground warps 30, 3|, and 32 and one crossing or leno warp 33 in each dent, and here the leno warp 33 crosses the pair of ground warps and 3l for three picks and then shifts and crosses the part of ground warps 3| and 32 for three picks, and then shifts back to cross the pair of ground warps 30 and 3I to commence another repeat.

In each of the above constructions the group vof smaller warps in each dent is spread out to cover a broader or wider area of less thickness than previously.

In Figs. 1 and 2, I have shown the ground warps arranged in groups and positioned side by side. However, it may be desirable in some design of fabric to combine this particular grouping and crossing of warps so that each group of leno woven warps will be spaced from each other by warps which only interlace with only the wefts. ground plan of the weave may be any suitable weave that may be combined with the particular grouping of ground elastic warps and the order of crossing with the non-elastic leno warp combined therewith.

By combining the leno warp with single or individual warps, as in Figs. 1 and 2, the warps are not bunched to form a thick fabric, and the porosity of the fabric is increased. However, where the warps are of small diameter, this may even be accomplished where the crossing is of more than one of the warps of the group.

In substituting a group of ground elastic warps of a combined count equal to a single elastic ground warp of a count of sufficient dimension to provide a fabric having the degree of resistance to stretch desired and crossing the individual The The portions of the warps in each group of ground warps which ground elastic .warps with the non-elastic leno Warp in the manner herein disclosed, I am able to produce beautiful and attractive lace-like fabric, smooth of surface, relatively thin, and having the required resistance to stretch desired.

I claim:

1. An elastic leno woven fabric consisting essentially of filling threads combined in woven relation with elastic ground warps and non-elastic leno warps and in which a group of said elastic ground warps are combined with a non-elastic leno warp of said leno warps and in which there is a crossing of more than one but less than the whole group of the said elastic ground warps by the leno warp at each crossing of the warps and in which such crossing of warps occurs until all the warps of said group have been crossed by the said leno Warp in each repeat of weave. 2. An elastic leno woven fabric consisting essentially of filling threads comb-ined in woven relation with elastic ground warps and non-elastic leno warps and in which a group of said elastic ground warps are combined With a non-elastic leno Warp of said leno warps and in which there is a crossing of only a portion of said group of elastic ground warps by the leno warp at each crossing of warps and in which such crossing of warps occurs only in pairs and until all the warps of the said group of ground warps have been crossed by the said leno warp in each repeat of Weave.

3. An elastic leno Woven fabric consisting essentially of all elastic ground warps divided in groups equally spaced from each other and combined in Woven relation with filling threads and nonelastic leno warps and in which each of said groups of elastic ground warps are combined with one of said non-elastic leno warps, and in which there is a crossing of a number of the warps of said group less than the whole thereof by said leno Warp at each crossing of warps and in which such crossing of warps occurs until all of said group have been crossed by said leno warp in each repeat of Weave.

4. An elastic leno woven fabric consisting essentially of all elastic ground warps divided in groups equally spaced from each other and combined in Woven relation with filling threads and nonelastic leno warps and in which each of said groups of elastic ground warps are combined with one of said non-elastic leno warps and in which there is a crossing of only individual warps of said group of elastic ground warps by the leno warp at each crossing of warps and in which such crossing of warps occurs until all of said group have been crossed by said leno warp in each repeat of weave.

5. An elastic leno woven fabric consisting essentially of all elastic ground warps divided in groups equally spaced from each other and combined in woven relation with lling threads and nonelastic leno warps and in which each of said groups of elastic ground warps are combined with one of said non-elastic leno warps and in which there is a crossing of less than the total number of warps of said group of elastic ground warps by the leno warp at each pick and in which such crossing of warps occurs until all of the warps of said group have been crossed by said leno Warp for each repeat of weave.

BURTON S. WOODWARD.

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