US2296496A - Oxygen administering apparatus - Google Patents

Description

Sept. 22, 1942. A. w. BORTIN 2,295,496 v OXYGEN ADMINISTERING APPARATUS v Filed Jan. 5, 1942 v I 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 IN TOR. 4. W 50/??? Arroxewkr Sept. 22, 1942. A. w. BORTIN I OXYGEN ADMINISTERING APPARATUS I Filed Jan. 5, 1942 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR. ,4. n fiver/1v Arromvzr Patented Sept. 22, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE OXYGEN ADMINISTERING APPARATUS Aaron W. Bortin, Roslyn, N. Y. Application January 5, 1942, Serial No. 425,589

3 Claims.

This invention relates to apparatus for administering oxygen to patients, and aims to provide certain new and useful improvements for increasing the efficiency of the device and reducing the cost of operation.

Another object of the invention is the provision of means whereby the exhalations of the patient, instead of being expelled into the atmosphere,

are passed through a canister of soda lime or other suitable carbon dioxide remover and thence into an auxiliary bag or container from which the recovered oxygen is available to be inhaled by the patient. Thus, a given quantity of oxygen in the original tank will last a great deal longer,

since the patient breathing the oxygen absorbs only a part thereof, between 20% and 50%. The remainder is wasted in the case of the ordinary apparatus because the exhalations of the patient pass into the atmosphere, whereas it is fully utilized in the case of the instant apparatus.

The above and other objects will become apparent in the following description, reference being' had to the accompanying drawings which form a part hereof. It is to be understood that the drawings are intended for purposes of illustration only, and it is neither intended nor desired that the invention be limited in any manner excepting within the spirit and scope of the appended claims.

Referring briefly to the drawings, Figure 1 is a front elevational view of the apparatus of this invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged fragmentary longitudinal cross-sectional view through Figure 1, with some parts omitted, and in part broken away to expose the interior, with the auxiliary valve closed.

Figure 3 is a cross-sectional view taken on the line 33 of Figure 2, showing the inlet valve closed. I

Figure 4 is a fragmentary view similar to Figure 3, but showing the extension tube swung through an arc and the inlet valve consequently in open position,

Figure 5 is a reduced partly sectional view similar to Figure 2, with parts omitted, illustrating the auxiliary valve in open position.

Referring in detail to the drawings, the numeral ||l indicates an oxygen storage tank or capsule of standard manufacture, such as is available on the market for the delivery of oxygen under pressure. The exhaust valve for the tank shown at H, which delivers the oxygen into the outlet pipe |3 through the connecting pipe |2.

Suitable standard gages are shown at M, 55

which are of no consequence to the present invention. The apparatus in common use today has a single flexible bag, such as l5, suspended from and fed by the pipe l3, with a flexible tube such as |6 leading therefrom toa breather mask such as H. The patient inhales the oxygen through the tube l6 in such apparatus and exhales it into the air.

In the present invention, the rounded head of a hollow stem I8 is clamped against the end of the pipe [3 by a nut I9. At its lower end the stem I8 is provided with an enlarged conical body 20 having a horizontal opening 2| extending diametrically therethrough. A tapering sleeve 22 surrounds the body 2| and has the latter registering slidably therein; the sleeve 22 is provided with opposed diametrical openings or ports 23 in the same plane as the opening 2|. The opening 24 through the stem l8 communicates with the horizontal opening 2|. A nut 25 is threaded on the lower end of the sleeve 22 and is provided with a central opening through which a reduced extension 26 of the body 20 extends; a coiled spring 21 surrounds the extension 26 and, as is obvious, urges snug registration of the body 20 in the sleeve 22 at all times in order to prevent leakage between these two parts of the valve.

A housing 28 is threaded at 29 on the upper peripheral edge of the sleeve 22 and encloses the valve just described, having also a screen 30 interposed below the valve. A set screw 3| locks the housing against rotation with respect to the sleeve 22. A T having the long arm 32 horizontal, has one short arm 33 joined to the housing 28 through the medium of a spider 34 whose peripheral surface is threaded; the lower end of the housing 28 is threaded to the upper portion of said surface, and the upper end of the arm 33 is threaded to the lower portion. A flange 35 extends between the meeting ends of the housing 28 and the arm 33, and a set screw 36 looks the housing 28 against the spider 34; a set screw 31 similarly locks the arm 33 against the spider 34. It is thus apparent that when the arm 32 is swung through a horizontal arc, the valve sleeve 22 will rotate synchronously therewith.

The upper portion of the spider 34 is in the form of a solid disc which, except for the central opening 38 therethrough, obstructs the passage through the housing 28. The upper end of the opening 38 has a valve seat 34a, and this opening continues down through the hub 39 which is rigid with the spider disc. A valve stem 4|) is snugly slidable in the opening 33, but the upper portion thereof is of reduced diameter so that a peripheral space is provided between the same and the walls of the opening 38. A by-pass 38a is cut through the side of the hub 39 and extends angularly upward into the upper portion of the opening 38, below the valve seat 3441. The stem 40 has a valve head 4| adapted to seat in the valve seat 34a.

The other short arm 42 of the T has the flexible bag l 'secured thereto and suspended therefrom; this bag is simply a storage or pressure equalizer bag. The arm 42 is further provided with a nipple 43 intermediate its length, to which one end of the flexible tube It is attached.

Extending interiorly from one wall of the long arm 32, in a horizontal direction, is a fixed pin 44 having a collar 45 pivotally mounted thereon. A link 46 is rigidly secured, near o ne end' thereof, to the collar 45, and the short arm oren'd 41 of this link is attached to the lower end of the v"l ve' stem 40 by a screw 48. At its outer end the t e has a nipple 49" extending downward Qt refrom, to which a tube 5.5 issecured through intermediation of the externally threaded flange5l of a perforated disc 55, and set screws 155;"11'1 the same manner as before described in reference to the spider 34. An auxiliary flexible bag 52 is secured to the lower'end 'of the tube 50, andto'a nipple 53 on the latter isattached one of another flexible tube or hose 54. The disc 55 is provided with a central opening 51 in it "ch a'stem 59 is slidably mounted. A'disc 65 g'id'about the stem 59'above the'disc 55, and .w eif it rests on the latter it covers the perforatigns fil through the latter 'to close the passage through the nipple 49, as is obvious. The extremity of the longer arm 58 of the link 46 is secured a screw 62 to the upper end of the stem ,At .its lower end the stem 59 has a rounded bias .63 which, when the bag 52 is wholly or part deflated, lies positioned above the central floor of he bag, asshown in Figure 1, being supported thatiposition by contact of the disc 50 with the .disi55; .the'disc 60 serves as 'a limit stop tothe ,"dpwnward' movement of the stem 55. Metered on the tube 32 'in any desired mannerfis a canister'having an inlet nipple 65 and .anoutlet nipple 66, shown at 6 4. The other end Id'fthe hose 54 is secured to the nipple 55'. For lhepurposes of this invention, the breather mask ,IQI. is of'a novel type, in that, it has two spaced apart 'openings thereint 'shown at 61 and 68. Kunion' 69 having two opposed nipples opening the'reintoQ shown at 1 0 and H, is secured to the fill ,m and the nipples thereof communicate with gthemask'openings 61 and 68, respectively. The ti ilcle for hose l6,'which"ha s one end secured to the nipple 43 over the bag [5, hasits other [end 0 ed to the mask nipple H. Another hose 12 s-"the mask nipple 10 with the canister nipple 'ITh'e canister 64 contains a mass of small I articles of soda lime which,'as is wellknow'n, is a excellent absorber of carbon dioxide.

The operation of the device. is as follows. As suming'thaft the tank H] has just been connected :tiitlie' apparatus, both bag's l5 and 52 will be' de'- flat'd and willappear substantially as only the ,one bag 52 is shown in Figure 1. When not. in

jisefthe arm 32 will lie in' the position shown in Figure 3, in radial alignment with the tank [0, in "which position the passage 2|23 from the 'inlet"channel' 2.4 into the housing 2,81wi1l be ,ei 'sed; "Then, with the tank valve u open, there ynr be he flow 'of oxygen" past theYsleevezz.

When the arm 32 is now swung forward through an arc of approximately 45 degrees, into the position shown in Figure l, the passage through the sleeve 22, that is, the passage 2l23, will be opened, and oxygen will fiow therethrough into the housing 28. Since, as aforementioned, the bag 52 is deflated, the valve 6fi-55 will be closed, as the weight of the stem 59 and its associated members will keep the disc 65 down against the perforated disc 55. For the same reason the valve 4| will be in raised or open position, and the gas will flow from the housing 28 through openings 38 and 38a down into the bag [5. After the bag l5 has been inflated, the gas will flow through the tube It and into the mask I! through the breather port 68. The mask is of course held tightly against the face so that no leakage occurs between the mask and the face. The exhaled gases, which comprise essentially oxygen and carbon dioxide, then pass through the mask outlet port 61, through the tube 12, through the canister 64 where the carbon dioxide i's'tra'pped, and'the remaining pure oxygen passes into'the bag 52 through the tube 54, thus begin ning inflation of the bag 52 with pure recaptured oxygen. As the above process proceeds/the bag 52 gradually approaches full inflation, andas the'pressu're builds up therein the bags horizontaldiameter lengthens while its vertical axis conversely shortens. At a point approximating full inflation, the bottom of the bag 52 will'have fri's en sufiiciently to lift the base 53 and hence the stem 55 upward so as to raise the disc 60 clear of the perforated disc 55, as shown in the diagrammatic view in Figure 5; simultaneously, 'the. stem 45 will be lowered so as to seat the valve head'4l in its seat 3 30,, thus closing the inlet passage of oxygen from the tank [0. The oxygen now freed from the bag 52 will, owing to thepressure therein, be forced along the 'tube 32 and, since the valve 4! is closed, down the tube'42, where it will combine with the oxygen from the bag I5 and pass through the hose l6 into the mask. This will continue until the bag erhee again become sufficiently deflated to permit'iall ,of the stem 59 and consequent reseating of 'the'dis'c on the disc'55,'whence again'o'nly the oxygen coining directly from" the" tank It) will pass into the mask. Since the action ei alternate opening and closing of the valves 4| and is automatically controlled by the pressure in thebag 52, the same will continue'as long as the patient. is breathing through the mask, and as soon as the treatment is'finished the arm 32 is swung back into its originalposi tion (Figure 3), thus shuttingoff the inflow from the tank. Whatever pressure of recaptured oxygen there may be in the bag 52 upon the said completion of the treatment is thus maintained, a'nd'the action as described above is continued as soon as the next treatment begins. I Instead of the single soda lime canister shown, a battery of two or eyen more might be'u sed either simultaneously or selectively; in the lat ter case a new one may be connected and theold one disconnected by'means of simple valves or petcooks, not shown; for when the soda'lir'n e has approached its maximum absorption of carbon dioxide a new supply must be placed in the canister.

It is of course no part of the present specification to provide data as to the amount of oxygen which is thus recovered instead of. being wasted, but it obvious that a substantial percentage srecovered. Thereby a given quantity'of oxygen in a supply tank is made to serve for a substantially greater number of treatments; in actual use it has been estimated that the original supply lasts about twice as long as heretofore.

Obviously, modifications in form and structure may be made Without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.

I claim:

1. A gas administering apparatus adapted to be connected with the outlet of a gas supply tank comprising a T tube having one of the shorter arms thereof secured to said outlet and having a flexible bag secured to the other short arm thereof, the long middle arm of said T tube having an opening at its free end, said long arm having a second flexible bag secured to said opening, a shut-01f valve in one end of said T tube and a second shut-off valve in the other end thereof, means on said second valve for opening said second valve upon inflation of said second bag, means joining said valves for closing said first valve simultaneously with the opening of said second valve and vice versa, a housing having an inlet and an outlet and containing a carbon dioxide absorbent substance, a hose connected at one end to said second short tube, a breather mask having an inlet and an outlet, said hose being connected at its other end to said mask inlet, a second hose connected between said mask outlet and said housing inlet, and a third hose connected between said housing outlet and said opening in said free end of said long arm.

2. The device set forth in claim 1 wherein said first-named short arm is rotatably secured to said tank outlet and valve means are provided partly rigid with said outlet and partly rigid with said first-named short arm for opening said last-named valve means upon rotation of said first-named short arm in one direction and for closing the same upon rotation in the opposite direction.

3. The device set forth in claim 1 wherein said means on said second valve comprises a stem projecting into said second bag to a point intermediate between the lower end of said second bag to a point intermediate between the lower end of said second bag when in deflated condition and said lower end when in inflated condition.

AARON W. BORTIN.

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