US2295737A - Cylinder lock - Google Patents

Description

INVENTOR 3 Sheets-Sheet l T. H. .JoHNsToNE I CYLINDER LOCK Filed oct. 14, 1939 f5 I g /24 Sept. 15, 1942.

Sept. 15, 1942. T. H. JoHNsToNE 2,295,737

CYLINDER LOCK I Filed oct. '14, 1959- s sheets-sheet 2 52 3,4 'Il a 59 'l W 45 J5 v www4 IIIIV im 4] IIIH 25 45 I A Il 44' 4; "'55 INVENTCR J/'f I//n-Zone f BWM@ ATTORNEY Sept 15, 1942 T. H. JoHNsToNE 2,295,737

' CYLINDER Locx s sheets-sheet s Patented Sept. 15, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE CYLINDER LOCK Theodore H. Johnstone, Detroit, Mich., assigner to The Yale & Towne Manufacturing Company, Stamford, Conn.,a corporation of Connecticut This invention relates to a pick-proof lock, 'and more especially to a pick-proof lockof the cylinder type having a series of key positioned tumblers.

Those skilled in the art fully appreciate that cylinder looks of the class described, and especial- .ly those having pin tumblers, are usually picked by the application of torque to the key plug of the lock, while the tumblers are'manipulated into release position.

My invention relates to a cylinder lock in which, only after some rotation ofthe key plug, is itvpossible to determine whether or not the tumblers have been properly set.

As a feature of my invention, I utilize a locking element for locking the key plug against rotation relatively to the cylinder, the locking element being movable to release the key plug for rotation upon proper alignment of the tumblers or drivers which are mounted within the cylinder.

As a further feature of my invention, I utilize a locking element which locks the key plug against full rotation, while permitting some free rotation thereof, the locking element being mounted for movement to release the key plug for full rotation in the event the tumblers are properly aligned by'a key. As still a further feature of the invention, the locking element is held against movement torelease the key plug until after some predetermined rotation of the' key plug takes place. In av pin-v tumbler type of lock, in which drivers andl tumb1ers are employed, any such rotation of the key plug moves the tumblers out of alignment with the drivers and makes it impossible to manipulate the tumblers and drivers, all as will be fully appreciated by those skilled in the art.

A feature of value ofl my invention is its speciiic construction. Thus my lock preferably utilizes a key plug of the usual type, and a cylinder of the usual type, with the feature that the drivers in the cylinder cooperate with means for releasing the key plug for rotation. The pin tumblers of the key plug are made up of a series of disks lying in each tumbler bore, so that any key which. will enter the keyvvay of the key plug will rotate the plug towards release position since the disks will form a parting line at practically any level. I-f `the drivers have been properly set by the pin tumblers before rotation, then after some rotation, a locking member will enter, preferably, aligned grooves or -slots formed in the drivers and will permit further rotation of the key plug. If the locking element cannot enter the driver slots because the drivers are not prop- `place an armored plate I4.

erly positioned, then the key plug will be blocked againstV further rotation. In addition'y it is the initial rotation of the key plugV which releases the locking element for movement into the driver slots. The value of these structural features will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art.

While I have thus described my invention generally and the relation thereof to the prior art,

it should be appreciated that the basic conception thereof may be embodied in many physical forms. The particular physical forms which my invention takes in this application are preferred by me, but should not be construed as limiting the patent monopoly to be granted me.

For a description of two preferred embodiments ofv my invention, I shall `now refer to the drawings wherein Fig. 1 is a vertical section through acylinder lock of my invention. Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section similar to Fig. 1 but showing the tumblers positioned by a key which is of the proper configuration, that is, a key which is properly -bitted for the lock combination shown.` Fig. 3

is asection taken along lines 3 3 of Fig. 1. Fig. 4 is a section taken along lines 4 4- of Fig. 1, While Fig. 5 is a View along lines 5-5 of Fig. 1 with the cam removed so that the parts may be better seen. Fig. 6 is a View similar to Fig. 4 but showing the parts in release position. Fig. 7 is a perspective View of the entire combination for controlling the rotation of the key plug and probably best illustrates the invention. Fig. 8 is a view similar to Fig. l of a modiiication of my invention. Fig. 9 is a sectional view of Fig. 8 along lines 9 9, while Figs. l0 and 11 are sections along lines lil-l0 and Il-II respectively of Fig.` 8. Fig. 12 is a perspective exploded View of the controlling parts of the modification of Fig. 8.

Referring now more particularly to the drawings, and especially to Figs. 1 to '7 inclusive, the lockv of my invention includes a cylinder l0 and a key plug ll. A scalp I-2 is adapted to cover the front I3 of the cylinder lock and to hold in The key plug Il and the cylinder li) each have a series of bores, pairs of which are maintained in vertical alignment when the lock is in locked position. In each pair of aligned bores, the key plug bore is designated by reference numeral l5 and contains a tumbler pin i6 and a series of wafers or disks I1. The upper surface of the uppermost disk Il lies just below the parting line i8 between the key plug and the cylinder. Resting on the upper surface of the uppermost disk il and extending into the cylinder bore [5a. is a driver designated by reference numeral I9, and slotted or grooved as at 20 for coaction with a release blade 2| best Shown in Fig. '7.

In Fig. 1 it is readily seen that each pair of bores I5, I5a contains siX of the disks I1, a tumbler pin I6 and a driver I9. The parts in each of the pairs of bores are exactly the same except for the location of the slots 20 of the drivers, slots 20 being in varying positions as determined by the combination of the lock. It is obvious that in the lock thus far described, the key plug will be rotatable when practically any key is inserted, since the disks I1 will form readily several parting lines corresponding to the parting line I8 between the key plug II and the cylinder I8. Thus, practically any key or tool will act to raise the tumbler pins I6 so that the parting line between certain of the disks, or the parting line between the uppermost disk and driver I9, or the parting line between the uppermost disk and the tumblerrpin I 6, will correspond to parting line I8 between the key plug and cylinder. Thereupon, the key plug will be freely rotatable to a predetermined position, in which position it will be blocked against further rotation, as will be described presently.

Referring now to Fig. 2, we see the parts of Fig. 1 when a properly bitted key 22 is inserted in the key plug II. It will be noted that this key moves the tumbler pins I6 and the various disks I1 to a position bringing the slots 2D of `the drivers I9 in alignment so that they lie in one horizontal plane. Thus, while any key will rotate the key plug I I from the position of Figs. l and Sipartially toward a release position, only a properly bitted key such as key 22, will raise the drivers so that their slots 29 are aligned in the plane of the release blade 2|. This release blade 2| is probably best known in Figs. 3 and '7 in its relation to the various drivers |9.

At this point7 it will be well toV indicate that the drivers I9 are pressed downwardly in the bores [5a by springs 23 of the usual type, and

Vwhich springs are maintained in position by a plate 24 in a manner standard in this art. Moreover, the end of the key plug is formed as illustrated by reference numeral 25 in Figs. 1 and 7 for the mounting of a usual type of operating cam 25 which is maintained in place by a standard form of spring retainer 21 which fits into Ythe groove 28 of the end 25 of the key plug. Of

course, while I have shown a cam 28, any usual type of operating mechanism may be attached to the key plug Il, as those skilled in the art will fully appreciate.

It will now be well to describe the mounting of the release blade 2 I This blade may actually be integral with a release plunger 29, best shown in Fig. '7, but for the sake of economical manufacture, it is preferably inserted into a slot of the plunger 29, and is held by staking of one end surface 39 of plunger 29 (Fig. 6) against movement outwardly of the said slot. At the other end `or the release plunger 29, there is mounted a detent 3| of the shape best shown in Figs. 5 and '7, which detent is secured by riveting of the extension 32 of the plunger 29. The cylinder is bored out at 33 for the mounting of the plunger 29 for sliding movement. The plunger Vcannot rotate in the bore 33 because of the blade 27|, which slides in a groove 34 in the cylinder and extends into the driver bores I5a. As is best seen in Figs. 4 and 6, a portion of the periphery of the plunger 29 is cut away as at 35, and similarly a portion of the cylinder adjacent bore 33 is cut away as at 36. The cutaway portions 35 and 36 form a cylindrical bore in which is mounted a spring 31 which presses the plunger 29 towards the front end of the cylinder. A plate 38 holds the spring 31 in place, and is secured to the cylinder lock by a screw 39.

The release blade 2| is formed with a series of scallops 49, one of which is adapted to lie in juxtaposed relation to each of the drivers I9 when the key plug is in locked position (Fig. 4) It is obvious that when the plunger 29 moves into release position (Fig. 6) which it does when the drivers are properly aligned, the portions 4I of the blade 2| will enter the aligned slots or grooves 29 of the various drivers I9 under the influence of the spring 31.

In order to prevent rubbing of the release blade 2| against the drivers when the key plug is in the locked position of Fig. 4, I utilize the construction best illustrated in Fig. '7. There it will be noted that the end of the key plug is grooved as at 42, the groove 42 terminatingin an open portion 42a. At each end of the portion 42a., and offset from groove 42, is a shoulder or stop 43. Extending from one surface of the groove 42 is a hump 44 which is midway between stops 43. This hump, in the locked position of the key plug II (Figs. 4 and 5) cooperates with a foot 45 of the detent 3| to maintain plunger 29 against movement toward the front of the cylinder lock under the influence of the spring 31. In this way, the blade 2| carried by the plunger furnishes no resistance to the movement of the drivers I9 up and down in their bores |511l by any type of key, and it is impossible to feel any pressure of the release blade 2| against the drivers, thereby obviating any possibility for feeling the location of the release grooves or slots 20 of the drivers. I shall now describe the operation of my invention.

Let us consider rst the various parts in their initial location of Fig. l. It will be seen that in Fig. 1 the release blade 2| is in the particular relationship to the drivers I9 which is best illus- Ytrated in Fig. 4. There it will be noted that the spring 31 is pressing the plunger 29 toward the front end of the cylinder tending to bring the parts 4I of the release blade 2| into the slots of the drivers I9. The scalloped portions 4i) of blade 2| lies in juxtaposed relation to the drivers I9 but so as not to hinder in any way the upward and downward movement of the drivers. This is brought about by the hump 44 of the key plug II which cooperates with the foot 45 of the detent 3| f-or maintaining the plunger 29 against the pressure of the spring 31, and in the position of Fig. 4.

If now a correct key 22 is inserted into the key plug, it will be appreciated that the tumbler pins I6 and the various disks I1 will be raised to bring the drivers |9 into position with their slots 29 opposite the release blade 2|. Even with the drivers thus properly positioned and with the slots 2U aligned with the release blade 2|, it is impossible for the release blade 2| to move to the position of Fig. 6 relatively to the drivers I9 because of the hump 44 cooperating with the foot 45 of the detent 3|. However, rotation of the key plug toward the position of Fig. 6 will move the hump 44 from opposite foot 45, so that the plunger 29 may move under the pressure of spring 31 into the release position of Fig. 6. The plunger 23 Will be limited in its movement by the presmodified form of my invention.

sure ofthe foot 45 of detent 31| against the innel' surface 46 of the groove 42. It is apparent, however, that the foot 45 of detent 3| will, when it movee against surface 45, be out of alignment with stops 43, so as to allow a full rotation of the key plug to its release position.

If an improperly bitted key is inserted into the key plug of Fig. 1, it will be obvious that the key plug will still be capable of some rotation because the several parting lines determined by the disks |1 allow such rotation. The slots 25 of drivers I3 will, however, not be in alignment, as is ap,- preciated, Rotation will bring the parts to the position of Fig. '1, in which it will b e noted that the detent foot 45 will be against one of the stops 43, limiting further rotation of the key plug Il. This condition is brought about because when the hump 44 is moved from opposite the foot 45 of the detent 3| as by partial rotation of the key plug the plunger 29 cannot move under the influence of spring 31 to the position of Fig. 6, because the s lots of the various drivers I9 have not been properly aligned relatively to the blade 2|. It is obvious, of course, that in the position of the parts in Fig. '7, it is impossible to manipulate the pins l5 and the drivers l5, and surreptitious operation of the lock is therefore effectively blocked.

It is well also to emphasize that in the locked position of the key plug shown in Fig. 7, the

the key plug against the lfoot will net set l up a force against the drivers i9, since only the spring 31 presses the blade 2| against the driversV I9, once the key plug has been rotated to bring hump 44 away from the foot 45 of the detent 3|.

Referring now to Figs. 8-12 inclusive, I show a In this modified form, the relation of the drivers, tumblers, and disks is the same as that indicated in Figs. 1.-'1. Instead of the plunger 29 and the blade 2|, I use a plunger 55 having a series of lugs 5| adapted to move into the grooves 20 of the drivers |9. Also, the plunger is pressed by a spring 52 towards the rear of the cylinder instead of toward the front of the cylinder. It is obvious, of course, that when the tumblers are properly aligned and the drivers I9 are positioned with their slots 20 in the proper plane, the lugs 5| of plunger 5|! will be capable of movement into the grooves 2,0 of the several drivers. This movement, however, will be against the pressure of spring ,52 rather than under the inuence of the spring 52.

A control slide 53 is mounted for vertical movement within an opening 54 of the cylinder pre,- pared therefor. The slide 53 is bored out at 55 for the mounting of a pin 55 which ,is spring pressed relatively to slide 53 by a spring 51 maintained in position by a threaded plug 58 secured to the slide 55. The pin 55 has a tapered point bearing against a cam surface 59 formed on the key plug as best illustrated in 1,2. The key plug is grooved as at 65 for cooperation with the under surface of the slide 53, and the ends o f the groove 60 form stop surfaces 6| for cooperation with the side walls of the slide 53, all for a purpose to be described presently. The end s urface 62 of the release plunger 5i! Ais formed tapered for cooperation with a complementary tapered surface 63 in the end surface of the slide piece 53, and in the locked position of the key plug and cylinder illustrated in Fig. 8, surface 52 lies in the complementary tapered surface 63. This is true also of the full line position of the plunger 50 illustrated in Fig. 10.v It will be well to indicate ati this point that a` threaded plug 64 is secured to v` the cylinder, as best illustrated in Figs. 9 and 10,.- and cooperates with a groove 65 in the plunger 553 lfor retaining the plunger against rotation, andtherefore, in proper alignment to the drivers I9.--

If, in the modification of Fig. 8, a proper key is inserted and the drivers aligned so as to bring their slots 2l! opposite the lugs 5I of the plunger 50, full release rotation of the key plug is possible in the following manner: The cam surface 59 of the key plug first acts against the pin 56 moving the pin upwardly from its position of Fig. 8. The upward movement of pin 56 will transmit pressure'to the slide 53 through spring 51. The slide 53 will then move upwardly, camming the plunger 5i) toward the front of the lock and against the pressure of spring 52, provided, however, that movement of the plunger 5i) be at the time possible through the alignment of the slots 20 of the drivers. It will be appreciated that if the slots 20 of the drivers I9 have not been put in proper alignment prior to rotation of the key plug, the plunger 5,0 will be incapable of movement to carry lugs 5| into the driver grooves.

The slide 53 will then not move upwardly, and

while the spring 51 will be compressed, it will not be effective to move the plunger 55. It should, of course, be pointed out at this time that the spring 51 is in lsuch relation to the spring 52 that a compression thereof will cause the tapered surface S3 to act against the surface 62 of the plunger 50 forcing the plunger against spring 52, when the driver grooves 29 are properly set. In other words, the spring 51 is a much more powerful spring than is spring 52. If the slide piece 53 is incapable of movement upwardly because the plunger 50 is locked by the drivers against movement, then it is obvious that rotation of key plug will bring one of the end surfaces 3| against the side of the slide 53, preventing any additional rotation of the key plug `In other words, unless the drivers 25 are properly set, rotation of the key plug will merely move the pin 55 to compress spring 51while the slide 53 will remain in blocking relation against substantial rotation of the key plug. I believe the operation of this modification will now be apparent.

I now claim:

1. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, tumblers in said bores including a driver having a slot, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the tumblers and means controlled by said driver slot for preventing release rotaticn of said key plug unless said driver is positioned with its slot in predetermined relation to said means.

2. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, tumblers in said bores including a driver having a slot, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning said tumblers. a locking Yelement for preventing rotation of said key plug beyond a predetermined position, relatively to said cyinder, and means whereby a portion of said element moves into the slot of said ,driver to release said key plug for rotation beyond said predetermined position when said driver is positioned with its slot in predetermined alignment with the said portion of said element.

3. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and' key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the drivers and disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key differing substantially in conguration from the true key of said lock, a control surface on said driver, control means for limiting rotation of said key plug in said cylinder to a limited degree, said control means being movable relatively to said rcontrol surface of said driver when said driver a key piug rotatably mounted in said cylinder,

aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the drivers and disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key diiering substantially in configuration from the true key of said lock, a control surface on said driver, control means for limiting rotation of said key plug in said cylinder to a limited degree, means for moving said control means relatively to said control surface of said driver upon rotation of said key plug when said driver is properly positioned prior to any rotation of said key plug, whereby to release said plug for further rotation relatively to said cylinder, and means for holding said control means against movement until after rotation of said key plug substantially said limited degree.

5. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positio-ning the driver and disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key differing substantially in conguration from the true key of said lock, a slot formed in said driver, control mechanism including a control piece for limiting rotation ofl said key plug in said cylinder to a particular position, means whereby rotation of said key plug toward said predetermined position effects movement of said control piece relatively to said driver if said driver has, prior to rotation of said key plug, been placed with its slot in proper alignment, said movement of said control piece effecting the actuation of said control mechanism to release said key plug for further rotation.

6.v In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the driver and disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key differing substantially in configuration from the true key of said lock, a slot formed in said driver, and a slide piece movable towards said driver and adapted to enter said slot when said driver is properly positioned by a key.

7. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key .plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the driver and disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key differing substantially in configuration from the true key of said lock, a slot for-med in said driver, a control piece adapted to enter said driver slot When said driver is properly positioned by a key, and means for maintaining said control piece out of said slot even when said driver is properly positioned, until said key plug is rotated to carry the bore in said key plug out of alignment with the bore in said cylinder.

8. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the driver and disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key differing substantially in configuration from the true key of said lock, a sl-ot formed in said driver, a control piece movable towards said driver and adapted to enter said slot when said driver is properly positioned by a key, and means for effecting the movement of said control piece into said slot when the key plug is rotated to carry the bore in said key plug out of alignment with the bore in said cylinder.

9. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the driver and disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key diiering substantially in conguration from the true key of said lock, a slot formed in said driver, a control piece adapted to enter said slot when said driver is properly positioned by a key, and means for preventing effective rotation of said key plug until said control piece enters the slot of said driver.

10. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the driver and disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key differing substantially in conguration from the true key of said lock, a slot formed in said driver, a control piece adapted to enter said slot when said driver is properly positioned by a key, means for locking said key plug against rotation beyond a predetermined position releasable upon movement oi said control piece into the slot of said driver, and means whereby said control piece is maintained out of said slot until said key plug is rotated to carry the bore in said key plug out of alignment with the bore in said cylinder.

1l. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key Dlug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the driver and disks in each of said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key differing substantially in conguration from thetrue key of said lock, a slot formed in said driver, a control piece adapted to enter said slot when said driver isvproperly positioned by akey, means for locking said key plug against rotation beyond a predetermined position releasable upon movement of said control piece into the slot of said driver, and means whereby said control piece is maintained out of said slot until said key plug is rotated.

12. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a. key plug r-otatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the drivers and disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key differing substantially in configuration from the true key of said lock, a slot formed in said driver, a control piece adapted to enter said slot when said driver is properly positioned by a key, means controlled by said control piece for locking said key plug against rotation beyond a predetermined position so long as said control piece is maintained outside the driver slot, and means whereby said key plug prevents movement of said control piece into said driver slot until said key plug is rotated towards said predetermined position, whereby it is impossibie to determine whether or not the driver has been properly positioned until the key plug bores are out of alignment with the bores in said cylinder.

13. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder,

a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder and having a stop surface, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the driver and disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key diiiering substantially in conguration from the true key of said lock, a slot formed in said driver, a control piece adapted to enter said slot when said driver is properly positioned by a key, a detent carried by said control piece and cooperable with said-Stop surface on said plug to lock said plug against rotation beyond a predetermined position so long as said control piece is maintained outside the driver slot, and a surface of said plug preventing movement of said control piece into said driver slot until said key plug is rotated towards said predetermined position, whereby it is impossible to determine whether or not the driver has been properly positioned until the key plus' bores are out of alignment with the bores in said cylinder.

14. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in said bores,said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the drivers and. disks in said bores, said drivers and disks being formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key differing substantially in conguration from the true key of said lock, a slot formed in said driver, control mechanism including a slide piece for limiting rotation of said key in said cylinder to a limited degree, and means whereby rotation of said key plug effects the movement of said slide piece relatively to said driver whensaid slot is in proper alignment, whereby to `release saidkey plug from said control mechanism for further rotation in said cylinder.

l5. In a lock of the class described, a'cylindei", a key plug` rotatably mounted in said cylinder, a seriesof pairsA aligned bores'in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in'leach of said pairs of bores, said key plug having a keyway into which' a key is insertible for positioning the drivers and disks in each of said' pairs of bores, each of said drivers extending into said cylinder when a key is inserted and said plug rotated, said drivers and disks being. formed to allow rotation of said key plug by a key differing substantially in conguration from the true key of said lock, a slot formed in each of said drivers, control mechanism including a slide piece' for limiting rotation of said'key plug in said cylinder to a particular` position, a surface on said key plug adapted to effect the movement of said slidev` piece relatively to said drivers as said key plug is rotated towardl said predetermined position, whereby if said drivers have been previously set withl their slots in proper alignment,` said slide piece will effect movement of said control mechanism to release saidkey plug for further rotation, while if said` drivers have not been properly set, said control means will lock said` key plug against said further rotation.

16. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted inl said cylinder and having spaced stops, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, key set elements in said aligned bores including a driver pin lying entirely within the bore in said cylinder when said key plug is released for rotation'relatively to said cylinder, said driver having a release slot formed therein, a locking element adapted for locking saidkey plug against rotation slidably mounted in saidcylinden said locking element being movable to release said key plug when said slot in said driver pin is in proper alignment with a' portion of said element.

17. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder and having spaced stops, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, key set elements in said aligned bores including a driver pin lying entirely within the bore in said cylinder whelisaid key plug is released for rotation relatively to said cylinder, said driver having a release slot formed therein, a locking bar slidable in said cylinder and positioned relatively to said spaced stops on said key plug for preventing release rotation of said key plug, and means for moving said locking bar to' release said key plug when said slot in said driver pin is in proper alignment with a portion of said locking bar.

18'. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder and `having a keyway, tumblers adapted to be positioned by a keyv inserted into said keyway, a locking element for eecting the locking of said key plug against free rotation relativelyl to said cylinder, said tumblers having slots into which said locking element is adapted to enter whereby to release said key plug for rotation, means for moving saidilocking element into said tumbler slots, and meansfor maintaining said locking elementA outv of said tumbler slots until said key plug `is rotated relatively to said cylinder.

19L Ina look of theclassdescribed, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably vmounted in said cylinder and having a keyway, tumblers adapted to be positioned by a key inserted into said keyway,` a locking bar for locking said key plug against free rotation relatively to said cylinder while permitting a predetermined degree of rotation, said tumblers having slots into which said locking bar is adapted to enter whereby to release said key plug for rotation, a spring pressing said locking bar towards said tumbler slots, and means for maintaining said locking bar out of said tumbler slots until said key plug has been rotated relatively to said cylinder as permitted by said locking bar.

20. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder and having a keyway, spaced stops formed on said key plug, tumblers adapted to be positioned by a key inserted into said keyway, a locking bar carried by said cylinder and cooperable with said spaced stops on said key plug for locking said key plug against free rotation relatively to said cylinder while allowing limited rotation of said key plug as determined by the distances between said stops, said tumblers having slots into which said locking bar is adapted to enter and to move out of the plane of said stops whereby to release said key plug for rotation, and means maintaining said locking bar out of said tumbler slots until said key plug has been rotated relatively to said cylinder.

2l. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder and having a keyway, spaced stops formed on said key plug, tumblers adapted to be positioned by a key inserted into said keyway, a locking bar carried by said cylinder and cooperable with said spaced stops on said key plug for locking said 4key plug against free rotation relatively to said cylinder while allowing limited rotation of said key plug as determined by the distances between said stops,rsaid tumblers having slots into which said locking bar is adapted to enter whereby to release said key plug for rotation, a spring pressing said locking bar into said tumbler slots and out of the plane of said spaced stops, and means for maintaining said locking bar out of said tumbler slots until said key plug has been rotated relatively to said cylinder.

22. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatable in said cylinder and having a keyway through which key set tumblers are operated by a key in said keyway, a locking bar slidably mounted relatively to and between said cylinder and key plug for sliding movement parallel to the axis of rotation of said, key plug in said cylinder, means whereby in one position said bar interlocks said key plug and said cylinder to prevent full rotation of said key plug,

while allowing limited rotation of said key plug relativelyr to said cylinder, key set tumblers having slots into which portions of said bar enter when said tumblers are properly aligned, a spring urging said bar towards said tumbler slots and out of said interlocking position, and means whereby said bar is maintained in interlocking position` against the pressure of said spring until Vsaid key plug is rotated the limited amount permitted by said bar.

23. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, `a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, tumblers in said bores including a driver having a slot, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning said tumblers, a locking element for preventing rotation of said key plug beyond a predetermined position relatively to said cylinder, means whereby a portion of said element moves into the slot of said driver to release said key plug for rotation beyond said predetermined position when said driver is positioned with its slot in predetermined alignment with the said portion of said element, and means for maintaining said element against movement into said driver slot until said key plug is rotated towards said predetermined position.

24. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, a series of pairs of aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, a driver and a series of disks in each of said pairs of bores, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning the drivers and disks in each of said pairs of bores, each of said drivers extending into said cylinder when a key is inserted and said plug rotated, said disks being formed to allow rotation oli' said key plug by any key of substantially predetermined configuration, a slot formed in each of said drivers, a slide piece mounted for sliding movement in said cylinder and held against rotary movement, spaced stops formed on said key plug and adapted to impinge against surfaces of said slide piece as said key plug is rotated whereby to limit rotation of said key plug, a spring pressing against said slide piece to move said surfaces out of the plane of said stops to release said key plug for free rotation, said drivers preventing such movement of said slide piece except when positioned by a proper key with their slots in predetermined alignment, and means whereby said key plug holds said slide piece against said movement even when said drivers are in proper alignment, until predetermined rotation of said key plug.

25. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatable in said cylinder, key set elements for controlling the rotation of said key plug in said cylinder adapted for positioning by a key, said key set elements being so constructed that said key plug is rotatable from a locked toward a release position even when said key set elements are improperly set by a key, a locking element for limiting said rotation to a predetermined position, and movable into position to release said key plug for full rotation when said key set elements are properly set by a key and said key plug rotated, and means for holding said locking element against movement until after some rotation is imparted to said key plug.

26. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder and having a keyway, tumblers adapted to be positioned by a key inserted into said keyway, a locking element for effecting the locking of said key plug against free rotation relatively to said cylinder, said tumblers having slots into which said locking element is adapted to enter whereby to release said key plug for rotation, a spring for resisting the movement of said locking element into said tumbler slots, and spring means through which rotation of said key plug eiects the movement of said locking element into said tumbler slots.

key set elements by the true key releases said control means for movement to release the key plug for further rotation, and spring means through which rotation of said key plug said predetermined degree effects the movement of said control means to release the key plug for said further rotation.

28. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatable in said cylinder, key set elements in said cylinder and key plug adapted for positioningr by a key, said key set elements being so constructed that said key plug is rotatable from a locked toward a release position even when said key set elements are improperly set by a key, control means controlled by the key setting of said elements for limiting rotation of said key plug in said cylinder to a predetermined degree, means whereby the proper setting of said key set elements by the true key releases said control means for movement to release the key plug for further rotation, a spring for resisting said movement of said control means when said key set elements are set by a true key, and spring means through which rotation of said key plug said predetermined degree effects the movement of said control means to release the key plug for said further rotation.

29. In a lock of the class described, a cylinder, a key plug rotatably mounted in said cylinder, aligned bores in said cylinder and key plug, turnblers in said bores including a driver having a slot, said key plug having a keyway into which a key is insertible for positioning said tumblers, a locking element for preventing rotation of said key plug beyond a predetermined position relatively to said cylinder, and means whereby rotation of said key plug toward said predetermined position effects the movement of a portion of said locking element towards said driver slot.

THEODO-RE H. JOHNSTONE.

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