US2292524A - Heat exchanger - Google Patents

Description

Aug. 11, 1942.

G r. JACOCKS HEAT EXCHANGER Filed March 19, 1941 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 BY aw KJWA,

Aug. 11, 1942.

Filed March 19, 1941 s. T. JACOCKS HEAT EXCHANGER 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 and 6.

Patented Aug. 11, 1942 UNITED STATES PATENT QFFlCE.

HEAT EXCHANGEB:

George T. Jacocks, New Rochelle, N. Y., assignor to Heat Transfer Products, Inc., New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application Match 19, 1941, Serial No. 384,062

' 3 Claims. (01.2 57-236) laccompanying drawings and the several views thereon, in which like characters of reference designate like parts throughout the several views,

- and in which:

Figure 1' is aside elevational view, partly in section showing a device embodying applicants invention; Fig. 2 is an end view of the device as shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the device as shown in Fig. 1" on the-plane indicated by the line III--III of Fig. 1, viewed in the direction of the arrows at the ends of the line; Fig. 4 is a fragmentary top view of. the device as shown by Fig. 1 with some parts broken away to more clearly show the construction; Fig. 5 is an enlarged view more clearl showin some parts of Fig, 1; Fig. 7 is a view of a modified form of ring retaining means as used by -applicant; Fig. 6 is a modified form of gasket seat means as used by applicant.

In Fig. 1, numeral l designates a container of a heat exchanger. This container may be of any of the usual or 'ordinary forms. In the particular device shown the container is of cylindrical form open at each end, that is, it is a hollow cylinder. The container should be made of any of the usual or ordinary materials and preferably steel, although the nature of the materials treated will govern the material of the container.

This container encloses the so-called bundle,--

designated as a whole by B. This bundle comprises generally a fixed tube sheet 2 and a floating tube sheet 3, Between the tube sheets and extended into each sheet are tubes as 4, 5 and 6.

For the purpose of heat exchange, fluid is passed around the outside of the tubes, as 4, 5 This is conveniently done by providing an inlet 1 and an outlet 8.

In order to prevent the fluid passing under and around the tubes 4', 5 and 6-from leaking out around the tube sheets, it is necessary to make fluid tight joints between the fixed tube sheet 2 and the floating tube sheet 3 and the shell I. The fluid tight joints, mentioned are made by using gasketsas 9, l0 and II. The gasket ll bears against a face of the'fixed tube sheet 2. In the particular form shown in Fig. 1, the fixed sheet 2 is formed with a rabbet H in which the gasket H is positioned. This is to prevent I the gasket from squeezing inwardly along the diameter of the fixed tube sheet. The gaskets 9 and Ill bear against the peripheral surface of the floating tube sheet 3..

As an abutment for the gaskets l0 and N there are provided gasket rings as l3 and I4. These gasket rings are positioned intermediate the ends of the cylindrical shell I and against the interior surface thereof and spaced apart as shown. Means are provided, to be hereinafter more fully describ r f rcing the fixed tube sheet 2 longitudinally against the gasket gasket Ill against the gasket ring I3 to thereby force it outwardly "against the peripheral face of the floating tube sheet3. These forces tend to move the rings 13 and [4 toward one another and longitudinally of the shell I. To resist this tendency and to hold-the gasket rings 13 and 14 in proper position, applicant, as shown in ig. 1, provides a plurality of butt bars l5, more clearly shown in Fig, 3. These butt bars are positioned against the inner face of the cylindrical shell I and extend between the gasket rings l3 and I4 so that any force tending to move the gasket rings toward one another is resisted by said butt bars. These butt bars may be attached to the inside surface of the cylindrical shell I in any suitable or appropriate manner, preferably by a few' spot welds so that they will remain in desired position while the parts are being assembled.

By the devices hereinbefore described, it will be seen that a fluid tight joint is made between the fixed tube sheet 2 and the shell I and betweenthe floating tube sheet 3 and the shell I so that the space served by inlets l and 8 is cut oil from the remainder of the cylindrical shell ,space andfluid may pass therethrough, being suitably interrupted as required by baffles such as l6 and Il. As the heat exchanger shown is designed to have material flow through part of the tubes 4, 5 and 6 in one direction, and return through part of the tubes such, as 4, 5, and 6, in the opposite direction, means are provided for eflectuating this purpose and for connecting all of the'tubes with a single chamber at one end.

' ing tube sheet cover has a gasket bearing portion I9 bearing against gasket 9 so that if means are applied to the floating tube sheet cover I8 to force it in a direction toward the floating tube sheet 3 it will compress gasket I9 and force it both against shell I and the periphery of the floating tube sheet 3, thereby making a fluid tight joint at that point.

It is desired to provide for a telltale or leakage indication. This is done by providing a leakage ring 20 positioned between gaskets 9 and III. This leakage ring is positioned between the periphery of the floating tube sheet 3 and the inner surface of the shell I and at desired points is provided with an orifice therethrough 2| aligning with an orifice 22 in the cylindrical shell. When all of the parts are forced tightly together, if any leakage occurs around gasket III, I

it may pass through the orifice 2I and orifice 22 and so be detected by one observing the device from the outside of the shell. On the left hand end of the shell are provided the means for allowing inlet and exit of material to the tubes and from the tubes. At 23 is positioned an inlet and at 24 an outlet both communicating with a chamber formed by the closing head 25 and the fixed tube sheet 2 which chamber is divided into two portions by the partition 26. Fluid flowing through 23 will pass through the lower tubes of the bundle 13 toward ;he right as viewed in Fig. 1 and then through 1nd by the chamber II to the upper tubes of the iundle and thence through. an outlet 24, the fluid .hrough the inlet occupying the chamber 21 and .he fluid to the outlet occupying the chamber 28, there being a gasket 29 seated in the fixed tube sheet 2 against which the partition 26 is forced to prevent leakage of fluid directly between chambers 21 and 28, there being also a gasket 29' at the other end of the partition 25 between it and the head 25 to prevent leakage at that point.

The inlets 23 and 24 are formed so as 'to be practically one integral piece, including thev duct 23 and the duct 24 formed with the walls 3| and 32. The inlet connections are further provided with walls as 33 and 34 which merge and form a ring extending completely around and adjacent the inside surface of .the cylindrical shell I. The wall 34 abuts agasket 35 positioned in a rabbet 36 of the fixed tube sheet 2.

In order to form the inlets 23and 24 as a single integral piece and stillbe able to introduce such, integral piece into the shell, applicant first cuts away a portion, as included between the lines 31 and 38, as shown by Fig. 4, including the rounded porti as designated by 39. ,-'l.'his is done to the shel both at the location of inlet 23 and at the location of outlet 24. When this cut away portion 40 is r'emoyed the walls 3i and 32 of the duct portions can be moved into place longitudinally of the shell and'be positioned as shown in Fig. 1. After the'inlet connections are in place a fastening ring 4| is slipped longitudinally into the shell I and then the portion 49 which was cut away, or a similar portion, is

slipped back into place acting as a'flller and may be spot welded or otherwise suitably fastened permanently to the ring 4|.

In order to seal the chambers 21 and 23,

ing head 25 is preferably rabbeted as at 42 and a gasket seated therein and the head 25 so positioned that the head bears against the edge of the ring wall 33 with the partition 26 bearing against the gasket 29'. The closing head 25 is then fastened in place by any suitable or appropriate means but preferably by the means as disclosed in applicants copending application Serial No. 378,385 filed February 11, 1941 for 1!. Closure. threaded stud 43 attached to the head 25 and closure-levers 44 positioned radially beyond the closure head 25. These closure levers have an end 45 projecting through orifices, as 46, formed through the fastening ring 4| and the shell I and the fillers 40. There is a stud 41 in each closure 'lever which stud has an unthreaded end 48 which seats in a cavity 49 in the closure head 25. The closure levers also have preferably somewhat spherical heads 50 seated in complementary formed cavities 5| in a compression head 52. When all of the closure levers 44 are properly positioned as shown in Fig. 2 the compression plate 52 is placed over'the stud 43 and then a nut 53 is applied to the stud to force the head 25 toward the wall ring 33 thereby compressing the gasket 42 and the gaskets 29 and 29' and inaking -a fluid tight joint at such parts. It isto be observed that even before compression plate 52 is put in place, the levers 44 will remain in place even if vertical, because of stud 41 entering cavity 49.

The floating head cover I8 is forced against the gasket 29 by similar closure levers 44.

9- asat so and the endface I9 of the flo'ating tube In Fig. 7 an alternative method of restraining longitudinal movement of gasket rings, as I4, is shown. This means includes a stud 54 which has, preferably, a squared head 55 and a threaded portion 55 engaging in a threaded orifice 51 of acylindrical shell I and having a protruding portion 53 extending within the cylindrical shell I against which the gasket ring I4 may abut and thereby be restrained from longitudinal movement in one direction.

In Fig. 6 an improved surface for contacting the gaskets at the floating head end of the tube bundle is shown. The interior surface of the shell I at the point 59 is serrated as shown in Fig. 6 on both sides of the leak orifice 22 and the side face of the gasket ring I3 is also serrated may flow into the serrations and thereby make a more eflicient fluid tight joint.

From the above description it will be seen that a heat exchanger has been devised whichis extremely easy to assemble and disassemble.

After the device is assembled as shown in Fig. 1

it may be easily disassembled by turning'ofl the -tion and explained the operation, construction and principle; thereof, nevertheless, I desire to have it understood that the forms selected are merely illustrative, but do notexhaust the pos- This method of fastening includes a mediate the ends of the shell against the inner surface thereof; a second gasket ring positioned at a distance from the first gasket ring and simi-' larly bearing against the inner surface of the shell; a.plurality of relatively long butt bars independent of the rings and extending between and abutting the rings and positioned in close contact with the inner surface of the shell; ring gaskets, one positioned on the remoter side of each ring; a fixed tube sheet; means for forcing the face of said tube sheet against the first said gasket; a floating tube sheet; tubes extended between and through the sheets and attached liquid tight therein; said floating tube sheet bearing on its peripheral face against the second ga'sket; means forcing the second gasket toward its adjacent ring and against the periphery of the floating sheet wherebyv the floating sheet may move longitudinally of the shell and a liquid tight joint may be maintained between the floating sheet and its associated gasket and means for passing fluid around the tubes and means for passing fluid through the tubes.

. movement thereof toward one another, said butt 2. A heat exchanger, including, in combination: a metallic shell of cylindrical form open at each end; a tube bundle including a fixed tube sheet and a floating tube sheet and tubes therebetween; gasket rings positioned inside the shell and against the inner surface thereof; gaskets abutting the gasket rings, said sheets abutting the gaskets for making a fluid tight joint, means.

forcing the rings and gaskets toward one another and relatively long butt bars independent of the rings extending between the rings for preventing bars positioned against the inside surfaceof the shell.

3. In a heat exchanger of the type including, ametallic shell of cylindrical form open at each end, a tube bundle including a fixed tube sheet and a floating tube sheet and tubes therebetween the combination of gasket rings positioned inside the shell and against the inner surface thereof; gaskets abutting the gasket ring's, said gaskets providing an abutment for the sheets for making a fluid tight joint; means forcing the rings and gaskets toward one another and relatively long butt bars independent of the rings exending between the rings for preventing movement thereof toward one another, saidbutt bars positioned against the inside surface of the shell.

GEORGE T. JACOCKS.

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