US2279644A - Furnace wall tie - Google Patents

Description

A ril 14, 1942. A. K. SPALDING FURNACE WALL TIE Fild May 18, 1940 Patented Apr. 14, 1942 tr es FURNACE WALL'TIE Albert .K. Spalding, Dallas, Tern, assignor to.

Thermo Fire Brick Company, Sulphur Springs,

Tex.

Application May 18, 1940, Serial No. 335,887 3 Claims. (01. 72-103) This invention relates to new. and useful improvements in wall ties particularly adapted for use with furnace walls of the solid masonry type. One object of this invention is to provide a furnace wall tie for binding together the inner fire brick wall and outer common brick wall in such a manner as to maintain the tie therebetween at all times.

Another object of this' invention is to provide a furnace wall tie which tie maybe utilized whether or not the inner fire brick wall and outer brick wall courses are at the same height or elevation.

Still another object of this invention is to provide a wall tie so constructed that it enables the mason constructing the wallto maintain any desired space between the inner fire brick wall and outer wall of a furnace, which space may be used to provide ventilation between said walls or which may be utilized to retain insulating material to further benefit the wall structure.

A construction designed to carry out the invention will be hereinafter described together with other features of the invention.

The invention will be more readily understood from a reading of the following specification and by reference to the accompanying drawing, in which an example of the invention is shown and wherein: g V

Figure l is a perspective view of a furnace wall employing wall ties constructed in accordance with the present invention.

Figure 2 is an isometric view of the form of wall tie shown in Figure 1.

Figure 3 is a plan view of a slightly modified form of the invention. 7 Figure 4 is a side elevation of the modified form of wall tie shown in Figure 3.

Figure 5 is another modified form of tie, .and

Figure 6 is yet another form of wall tie constructed according to the invention.

As is well known in the art great difliculty has been encountered with the heretofore known means of binding together inner fire brick walls and outer common brick walls of which a furnace wall is constructed. Some masons have used the offset construction which embodies employing fire brick in the inner wall in predetermined courses so positioned whereby said bricks project a portion of the way into the outer wall.

This method is very unsatisfactory in that the fire brick can be employed only at such time as the inner and outer walls reach an equal height or elevation and further the heat of the furnace and the weight of the two walls combined plus the difference in coefficient of expansion cooperate to shear this connection and increase the possibility of deterioration of said wall.

Anotherform commonly-employed has been that of employing hardware cloth in long strips to bind the two walls at points where the courses correspond in height. The two chief disadvantages of this method are that first, the inner and outer walls must attain an equal height and second, the intense heat used during the operation of the furnace serves to disintegrate the material of which the hardware cloth is com posed thereby completely breaking the ties between the inner and outer walls and although a certain amount of flexibility is assured in a vertical direction and practically no provision for expansion in a horizontal position is provided.

In the drawing the numeral Ill designates the outer wall while the. numeral ll designates the inner fire brick wall; As is known to the art, the common brick measures 8" x 4 x 2" while the ordinary fire brick employed in the construction of furnace walls measures 9" x 4 /2" x 2 /2" thus it is seldom that: the-inner and outer walls are at an exact equal height or elevation. As an example, every fifth course of fire brick is a special brick I2 formed witha T-shaped slot l3 in one end thereof. Theend containing the slot is positioned adjacent the inner face of the outer wall H] to enable themason to insert the wall tie I l therein.

body portion is further twisted at whereby a tail portion i8 is disposed in the same horizontal plane as are the arms I5. This portion I8 is corrugated or otherwise formed for reasons to be'later described.

The head of the tie "formed by the ends I5 is inserted into the head portion of the T.-.-s1ot while the shank is positioned.- within the leg of the T-slot and projects outwardly therefrom to lay upon the upper side of the top course of brick comprising the outer wall.

Before the next course of brick is laid, mortar is slushed over the outer brick wall to completely cover the shanks l8. Obviously, when the mortar sets, the shanks l8, due to the corrugations thereon will be positively retained thereby. It is to be noted that the material of which the tie is composed is such material that will resist heat and oxidation at exceptionally high temperatures whereby the tie will maintain its high degree of efliciency throughout the life of the furnace wall. Further, due to its movable connection to the special fire brick through the medium of the T-slot I3, expansion and contraction of the inner and outer walls will in no way affect the tie.

In Figures 3 and 4 the slightly modified form of the invention is shown. In this form a head 20 constructed of angle is fixedly secured at 2| to a special piece 22 composed of material capable of resisting heat and oxidation at elevated temperatures. By observing Figure 4 it may be seen that one end A of the member 22 projects beyond the horizontal leg of the angle 20. The purpose of this structure is to eliminate forward movement of the head'ZD within the T-slot I3 of the special bricks. A shank 23 is fixedly secured at B to the member 22 which shank is provided with perforations 24 or other retaining features in lieu of corrugations. Obviously the perforations-or other retaining features will serve the same purpose as do the corrugations described in the first form shown in Figures 1 and 2.

By observing Figure 3 it may be seen that a Y space S has been provided which space may serve as an air circulating means or may serve to retain insulating material (not shown). This space, of course, may be varied in accordance with the peculiar construction of any particular wall and in the event the space is exceptionally large, ties may be provided with longer shanks whereby a sufficient portion of each tie may be set in the mortar.

The wall tie shown in Figure 5 is constructed of a piece of corrugated metal I 9 comprising the shank of the tie while a short piece of angle 20a is fixedly secured at Ma on one end at right angles to the shank l9. At the end of member ISL-opposite the angle 20a there is provided an identical angle 22a. In the event bricks such as tively little heat, is effective as an adjusting means when the nut 28 is manipulated.

From the foregoing it may be seen that an extremely simple and highly efficient furnace wall tie may be had which tie may be constructed of one or more pieces and still attain the same object which is to firmly bind together and yet allow vertical and horizontal expansion of the inner and outer walls and which tie is constructed of material to withstand extremely high I temperatures whereby the tie is maintained bescribed.

those identified at l2 are usedin an adjacent wall with confronting slots, this type of tie is effective to hold the walls in spaced relation, one angle reposing in the transverse slots of the brick of one wall while the opposite angle will similarly lie in the transverse slot of the adjacent wall. As a fire brick is 2 /2 inches thick, while a common brick is but 2 inches thick it is immaterial whether, when employing the tie, the inner and outer wall courses are at exactly the same position due to the disposition of the T-slot l3 formed in the special brick used in every fifth course of the walls.

Figure 6 shows yet another form of tie which is constructed in part like the tie illustrated in Figures 3 and 4 except that the angle 23a thereof is not adjustable relative to its shank 24a and it is provided with a threaded rod extension 25, fixedly secured at 26 by welding or other suitable means to the shank 24a. A washer 21 is mounted on the rod, followed by a nut 28. This formof tie is used in wall structures where the shank 24a is required to lie in the heated zone, while the rod 25, being subjected to compara- Manifestly, the construction as shown and described is capable of some modification and such modification as may be construed within the scope and meaning of the appended claims is also considered to be within the spirit and intent of the invention.

What is claimed is:

1. As a new article of manufacture, a furnace wall tie comprising a corrugated tail portion and a head secured transversely to said body to form a T, said head comprising a length of angle iron disposed in converse relation to said tail portion and arranged to be engaged within T-slots formed in certain fire bricks forming an inner furnace wall whereby one angle thereof will lie flush against the inner surface of a T-slot, said corrugated tail portionbeing arranged for anchorage between the bricks of the outer furnace wall. I

2, As a new article of manufacture, a tie for binding together the inner fire brick wall and the outer wall of a furnace comprising a T- shaped member having a body provided with lateral corrugations, said body being arranged for anchorage between the bricks of said outer wall, the head of said T-shaped member comprising a length of angle irons secured midway of its ends to the end of said body and arranged to be movably confined within a conformable opening formed in certain of the fire bricks of said inner furnace wall.

3. As a new article of manufacture, a furnace wall tie comprising'a corrugated body member, an angle iron fixedly secured on and at right angles to said body member in converse relation thereto, said angle iron arranged to be movably received in slots formed in certain fire bricks forming the inner furnace wall to dispose an upright angle thereof flush against the inner wall of a slot, said corrugated body member arranged to be anchored between the bricks of the outer furnace wall whereby said inner and outer walls are capable only of vertical and horizontal expansion when bound together by said tie.

ALBERT K. SPALDING.

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