US2266453A - Machine for electromagnetically separating casting residues - Google Patents

Description

Dec. 16, 1941. H. WAGNER EAL 2,266,453

MACHINE FOR ELECTROMAGNETIGALLY SEPARATING CASTING RESIDUES Filed Feb. 23, 1939 Patented Dec. 16, 1941 MACHINE FOR ELECTROMAGNETICAILY SEPARATING CASTING RESIDUES Heinrich Wagner and Hans Gassner, Laasphe, Lahn, Germany, asslgnors to Muller & Wagner Giessereimaschinenfabrik, Laasphe, Lahn, Germany, a firm Application February In Germany In foundries and casting-cleaning works residues consisting of stones, clay, sand, slag and particles of iron, which formerly were piled in a heap, accumulate. In recent times the practice has been adopted of utilising the iron contained in these residues. Revolving magnetic drums, over which the residues were passed and which separated the iron, have been used. By this means, however, only a very imperfect separation of the iron from the residues is attained, because in many cases the iron conglomerates with the other parts of the residues to form lumps, and therefore no separation can be carried out on such a drum. The efficiency of such an apparatus is also extremely low.

The object of the present invention is the provision of a machine which avoids these disadvantages by hurling or throwing the residues forcefully against the lower part of a magnetic drum. In this case the hurling is eflected by means of any known centrifugal apparatus, for instance by means of a belt on which the residues are placed by hand. The throwing device hurls the residues against the lower part of a revolving magnetic drum, whereby the lumps are disintegrated, and the iron particles in the residues adhere to the magnetic drum whereas the other, non-magnetic parts fall downwards. Only a part of the drum is made magnetic by means of a fixed magnet located in its interior, so that the iron particles retained thereby are first of all carried upwards, but then fall downwards and can be conducted by means of a chute or the like to a storage vessel or to a vehicle. In this case the chute is preferably provided with holes or slots in order that any sand which may have been carried along can fall through and be carried away.

In order to prevent pieces of iron from becoming jammed between the drum and the edge of the chute, in a second embodiment of the invention the iron particles are removed from the drum by a conveyer belt and conducted to the chute. The conveyer belt is arranged around the drum, preferably over its entire width, and runs also over a guide roller which lies directly over the chute. The iron particles first of all adhere to the conveyer belt owing to the magnetism of the drum, and are carried along as far as the other side. Then the conveyer belt brings them directly over the chute and throws them down into it, so that the iron particles can no longer become jammed therein. The chute need not then bear against the drum, but is disposed at a suitable distance from it.

23, 1939, Serial No. 257,792 February 26, 1938 Two forms of construction of the invention are shown in the accompanying drawing, in which:

Fig. 1 is a side view of one form of construction, and

Fig. 2 shows the upper part of a second form of construction otherwise constructed as in Fig. 1.

On a frame, preferably a travelling one, is arranged a centrifugal device which consists in known manner of a dispersing belt 2, of rubber for instance, which runs over two rollers 3 and 4. It is driven by a motor 5 mounted in a frame I by means of gearing 8 and a belt I. The conveyer belt 2 may be provided with conveyer slats,

' but may also be in the form of a smooth band according to the nature of the residues to be separated.

Over the centrifugal device is arranged a rotating iron drum 8 which is driven by the roller 4 by means of a belt 9. In the interior of this iron drum is arranged a stationary magnet I0 which makes the part of the drum 8 which surrounds it magnetic. The drummay be made adjustable in respect of its level.

At the side of the drum there is provided a backwardly directed chute II which leads to a storage container l2.

The residues to be purified are thrown into the hopper-trough i3 surrounding the belt 2 and carried along by the latter during its movement. Then they leave the belt at H and strike against the magnetic part of the drum 8. Owing to impact against the drum, the lumps contained in the residues are disintegrated and the iron particles contained therein are exposed so that by the latter during its movement. At 15 they fall into the chute II as at this position the periphery of the drum is no longer magnetic. Thus the iron particles enter the storage vessel II.

It is also advantageous to provide in the wall of the chute a number of holes or slots I through which any sand or the like which may have been carried along can fall.

The non-metallic part of the residues, on striking against the drum, immediately falls down and accumulates at I! as a sand heap. If desired, a container may also be provided here.

The speed of ,,the magnetic drum and that of the dispersing belt are chosen in a suitable ratio, so that maximum efllciency is obtained.

In the second form of construction of the machine shown in Fig. 2. the revolving magnetic drum is again denoted by 8, and it is driven by the belt 8 of the roller 4. The magnet located therein is denoted by ll.

Around the magnetic drum 8 there is arranged a conveyer belt I! which runs over a roller II which is mounted on an arm 18. The roller is located above the chute II which receives the iron particles.

The residues to be purified fly off the belt at H and strike the drum 8. The non-magnetic particles fall down, whereas the magnetic particles adhere to the conveyer belt l'l by which they are carried along until they fall into the chute II and from thence into the storage vessel.

The chute may also be provided with longitudinal slots running over its entire length, or may consist entirely or partly of a wire netting or the like.

By means of such a machine, any material containing iron can be purified, that is to say particularly the residues which accumulate in the operation of foundries, cupola iumaces, and in the cleaning of castings, but also dry molding sand or metal shavings or the like which contain iron particles.

Instead of the centrifugal belt, any equivalent device such as a rotating wheel or the like may be used.

.c Having thus described the nature of the said invention and the best means we know of carrying the same into practical eflect, we claim:

In an apparatus for handling molding sand and the like, a rotary drum, a stationary magnet within said drum for magnetizing one of the vertical halves of said drum, means for hurling the raw sand upwardly against the lower portion .0! said magnetized half, the hurling force being greater than the force of gravity and sufllciently strong to break up the raw sand, whereby the dispersed sand will drop freely while the iron particles contained therein will adhere to said drum, and means for collecting said iron particles from the non-magnetized halt of said drum.

HEINRICH WAGNER. HANS GASSNER.

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