US2251211A - Packing - Google Patents
Packing Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- US2251211A US2251211A US304522A US30452239A US2251211A US 2251211 A US2251211 A US 2251211A US 304522 A US304522 A US 304522A US 30452239 A US30452239 A US 30452239A US 2251211 A US2251211 A US 2251211A
- Authority
- US
- United States
- Prior art keywords
- packing
- sheet
- pleats
- foil
- ring
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Expired - Lifetime
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Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16J—PISTONS; CYLINDERS; SEALINGS
- F16J15/00—Sealings
- F16J15/16—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces
- F16J15/18—Sealings between relatively-moving surfaces with stuffing-boxes for elastic or plastic packings
- F16J15/20—Packing materials therefor
- F16J15/22—Packing materials therefor shaped as strands, ropes, threads, ribbons, or the like
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T29/00—Metal working
- Y10T29/49—Method of mechanical manufacture
- Y10T29/49229—Prime mover or fluid pump making
- Y10T29/49274—Piston ring or piston packing making
- Y10T29/49277—Piston ring or piston packing making including casting or molding
Definitions
- My present invention relates to metallic packings and aims to provide certain improvements in the structure thereof and in the method of making the same.
- my packing which, in a preferred embodiment, consists of a sheet of metallic foil which has been coated first with a lubricant oil adapted to act as a binder for graphite with which the sheet is then coated, said treated sheet being pleated to permit a sliding action of the metal when distorted and to provide a plurality of interstices which serve to hold and confine the graphite.
- the treated sheet may also be ribbed or fluted transversely to the pleats at spaced distances apart for the purpose of providing lines of low resistance along which the foil will readily fold when made into lengths suitable for forming into packings of various shapes for specific uses.
- Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the foil after having been pleated.
- Fig. 3 is a section taken substantially along the plane of the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.
- Fig. 4 is a plan view of a portion of the metallic foil shown in Fig. 2 which has been cut to proper width preparatory to forming a packing ring.
- Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a packing ring formed in accordance with the present invention.
- Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing a manner of forming the material of Fig. 2 into a packing having a resilient core.
- Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing a manner of making a solid foil packing.
- the packing material is formed from a sheet [5 of metallic foil such as aluminum, lead, or other suitable metal of proper gauge, which is preferably first coated on both faces with a high grade fire test lubricant oil 16 which acts as a binder for powdered orflake graphite ll, with whichthe sheet is subsequently coated.
- the oil and graphite may be applied to the foil in any desired manner such as dipping, spraying or the like.
- the treated sheet of Fig. 1 is then substantially uniformly pleated, as indicated at l8, preferably in a direction transversely to the length of the sheet. If desired, the pleated treated sheet may also be ribbed-or fluted, as indicated at I9 in Fig.
- the ribs or flutes are spaced apart a greater distance than the pleats for a purpose which will presently be made apparent.
- the pleats primarily, and the ribs to a lesser degree, provide interstices for securely holding the lubricant oil and graphite onto the foil. Primarily, however, the pleats provide surfaces adapted to slide over each other as the packing is distorted.
- the treated foil may be cut to size, folded, coiled, and/or compacted in suitable molds to form the packing material into various desired shapes and sizes, for example, rings, pancake coils or wound on reels, depending upon the uses to which the packing material is to be applied.
- Figs. 5 to 7 I have shown a method of fabricating a packing ring for use as a gland packing.
- the treated pleated sheet of Fig. 2 is cut into proper width, as shown in Fig. 4, with the pleats extending transversely of the sheet which is then wound around a cylindrical mandrel 20 of definite diameter, with the pleats in the sheet extending substantially parallel to the axis of the mandrel.
- thus formed is put in a mold 22 and subjected to the application of force through a suitable plunger device 23 in a direction parallel to the pleats.
- Fig. 8 I have shown the application of my invention to a packing having a resilient core 25 of suitable material such as flax or asbestos, around which the pleated foil is wound.
- core may have any desired cross-section, depending upon the use to which the packing is to be applied.
- Fig. 9 I have shown a manenr of building up a solid foil packing by accordion pleating the previously pleated treated foil along the ribs or flutes I9. packing may be compacted, coiled or otherwise formed into desired shape.
- Packing materials formed in accordance with the methods described above possess the following characteristics and advantages: (1) The interstices provide pockets for both the oil and graphite lubricants; (2) the cellular structure of the material results in a resilient packing, Whereas the usual metallic packing rings are inert or static bodies; (3) the structure is lighter in weight than other metallic rings made of the identical sheet material but untreated in the manner set forth; (4) in ring shape, the packing has the unusual faculty of increasing in length or flowing around the shaft under gland pressure and thereby insuring an efficient lubricated seal; (5) the character of the materials from which the packing is formed renders it especially useful and desirable where packings are subjected to relatively high temperatures for relatively long periods of time.
- a packing material according to claim 1, wherein the folding of the sheet transversely of the pleats is an accordion pleating of the sheet.
- a packing material in the form of a'ring consisting of a sheet of metallic foil which is longitudinally pleated with the pleats disposed in lapped relation, said sheet being wound into substantially concentric layers with the pleats extending substantially parallel to the axis of said layers and said sheet being compacted and folded transversely of the pleats whereby the pleats extend substantially radially of the ring with the pleats of adjacent layers disposed in overlying contacting relation, the pleats of each layer and those of adjacent layers being adapted to slide over each other as the packing ring is distorted by pressure.
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Sealing Devices (AREA)
Description
July 29, 1941. P. w. ARMSTRONG- PACKING Filed Ndv. 15, 1 959 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Ega- INVENTOR ATTOR EYSV;
July 29, 1941;
F. w. ARMSTRONG 2,251,211
PACKING Filed Nov. 15, 1939 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVE NTOR 4 M J Y ATronzsvaj" Patented July 29, 1941 UNlTED STATESPATENT OFFICE PACKING Francis W. Armstrong, Palmyra, N. Y., assignor to The Garlock Packing.Gompany, Palmyra, r N. Y., a corporation of New York Application November 15, 1939, Serial No. 304,522
7 4 Claims.
My present invention relates to metallic packings and aims to provide certain improvements in the structure thereof and in the method of making the same.
Among the objectsof myinvention may be recited the following: To provide a resilient metallic packing which optionally may or may not be self-lubricating; which will be lighter in weight than packings of corresponding shape made of the same metal; which will be stronger and more durable than packings formed of shredded material; which will not be subject to disintegration in handling; which require no binder; and which, when formed in ring shape and applied to a shaft, will have the property of increasing its length for flowing around the shaft when subjected to gland pressure.
The foregoing and other objects not specifically enumerated are realized by my packing, which, in a preferred embodiment, consists of a sheet of metallic foil which has been coated first with a lubricant oil adapted to act as a binder for graphite with which the sheet is then coated, said treated sheet being pleated to permit a sliding action of the metal when distorted and to provide a plurality of interstices which serve to hold and confine the graphite. The treated sheet may also be ribbed or fluted transversely to the pleats at spaced distances apart for the purpose of providing lines of low resistance along which the foil will readily fold when made into lengths suitable for forming into packings of various shapes for specific uses. The invention will be better understood from the detailed description which follows, when considered in connection with the accompanying drawings, wherein Figure l is a fractional top plan of a piece of metallic foil which has been treated preparatory to being subjected to further operations.
Fig. 2 is a view similar to Fig. 1 showing the foil after having been pleated.
Fig. 3 is a section taken substantially along the plane of the line 3-3 of Fig. 1.
, Fig. 3a is a view similar to Fig. 1 on a much larger scale to better show the pleated character of the packing material.
Fig. 4 is a plan view of a portion of the metallic foil shown in Fig. 2 which has been cut to proper width preparatory to forming a packing ring.
Figs. 5 and 6 show two steps in the method of forming a packing ring from the material shown in Fig. 4.
Fig. 7 is a perspective view of a packing ring formed in accordance with the present invention.
Fig. 8 is a perspective view showing a manner of forming the material of Fig. 2 into a packing having a resilient core.
Fig. 9 is a perspective view showing a manner of making a solid foil packing.
Referring to the drawings, the packing material is formed from a sheet [5 of metallic foil such as aluminum, lead, or other suitable metal of proper gauge, which is preferably first coated on both faces with a high grade fire test lubricant oil 16 which acts as a binder for powdered orflake graphite ll, with whichthe sheet is subsequently coated. The oil and graphite may be applied to the foil in any desired manner such as dipping, spraying or the like. The treated sheet of Fig. 1 is then substantially uniformly pleated, as indicated at l8, preferably in a direction transversely to the length of the sheet. If desired, the pleated treated sheet may also be ribbed-or fluted, as indicated at I9 in Fig. 9, in a direction preferably substantially at right angles to the pleats 18. Preferably the ribs or flutes are spaced apart a greater distance than the pleats for a purpose which will presently be made apparent. The pleats primarily, and the ribs to a lesser degree, provide interstices for securely holding the lubricant oil and graphite onto the foil. Primarily, however, the pleats provide surfaces adapted to slide over each other as the packing is distorted.
The treated foil may be cut to size, folded, coiled, and/or compacted in suitable molds to form the packing material into various desired shapes and sizes, for example, rings, pancake coils or wound on reels, depending upon the uses to which the packing material is to be applied.
In Figs. 5 to 7 I have shown a method of fabricating a packing ring for use as a gland packing. In forming such packing ring the treated pleated sheet of Fig. 2 is cut into proper width, as shown in Fig. 4, with the pleats extending transversely of the sheet which is then wound around a cylindrical mandrel 20 of definite diameter, with the pleats in the sheet extending substantially parallel to the axis of the mandrel. The resulting tube or ring 2| thus formed is put in a mold 22 and subjected to the application of force through a suitable plunger device 23 in a direction parallel to the pleats. This operation causes the material to fold transversely to its length so that the pleats therein Will'assume a relation substantially radially of the ring, in which relation the ring is compacted into a relatively dense mass. The resulting folded and compacted ring 24 after being removed from the mold, may then be obliquely split, as indicated at 25, to facilitate the application of the packing ring to a shaft and permit it to accommodate itself to the confined space within which it is held when subjected to gland pressure. The substantially radial relation of the pleats in the foil of the packing ring greatly aids in this property of accommodation when distorted.
In Fig. 8 I have shown the application of my invention to a packing having a resilient core 25 of suitable material such as flax or asbestos, around which the pleated foil is wound. Obviously the core may have any desired cross-section, depending upon the use to which the packing is to be applied.
In Fig. 9 I have shown a manenr of building up a solid foil packing by accordion pleating the previously pleated treated foil along the ribs or flutes I9. packing may be compacted, coiled or otherwise formed into desired shape.
Packing materials formed in accordance with the methods described above possess the following characteristics and advantages: (1) The interstices provide pockets for both the oil and graphite lubricants; (2) the cellular structure of the material results in a resilient packing, Whereas the usual metallic packing rings are inert or static bodies; (3) the structure is lighter in weight than other metallic rings made of the identical sheet material but untreated in the manner set forth; (4) in ring shape, the packing has the unusual faculty of increasing in length or flowing around the shaft under gland pressure and thereby insuring an efficient lubricated seal; (5) the character of the materials from which the packing is formed renders it especially useful and desirable where packings are subjected to relatively high temperatures for relatively long periods of time.
Although I have shown and described certain preferred embodiments of my invention it is to be After being accordion pleated, the.
understood that I do not wish to be limited to the specific constructions and methods of preparation described, since these may be varied within the range of engineering skill without departing from the spirit of my invention; for example, in lieu of the lubricant oil and graphite, other materials possessing analogous properties respectively, may be used.
What I claim is:
1. A packing material consisting of a sheet of metallic foil formed into a plurality of overlying layers, said sheet being longitudinally pleated with the pleats disposed in lapped relation and said sheet being folded transversely of the pleats whereby the pleats of adjacent layers are disposed in overlying contacting relation, the pleats of each layer and those of adjacent layers being adapted to slide over each other as the packing is distorted by pressure.
2. A packing material according to claim 1, wherein the sheet of metallic foil is coated on both surfaces with lubricant.
3. A packing material, according to claim 1, wherein the folding of the sheet transversely of the pleats is an accordion pleating of the sheet.
4. A packing material in the form of a'ring, consisting of a sheet of metallic foil which is longitudinally pleated with the pleats disposed in lapped relation, said sheet being wound into substantially concentric layers with the pleats extending substantially parallel to the axis of said layers and said sheet being compacted and folded transversely of the pleats whereby the pleats extend substantially radially of the ring with the pleats of adjacent layers disposed in overlying contacting relation, the pleats of each layer and those of adjacent layers being adapted to slide over each other as the packing ring is distorted by pressure.
FRANCIS W. ARMSTRONG.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US304522A US2251211A (en) | 1939-11-15 | 1939-11-15 | Packing |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
US304522A US2251211A (en) | 1939-11-15 | 1939-11-15 | Packing |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
US2251211A true US2251211A (en) | 1941-07-29 |
Family
ID=23176888
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
US304522A Expired - Lifetime US2251211A (en) | 1939-11-15 | 1939-11-15 | Packing |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
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US (1) | US2251211A (en) |
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2439424A (en) * | 1945-01-16 | 1948-04-13 | Metal Textile Corp | Method of producing compressed wire units |
US2441177A (en) * | 1944-10-17 | 1948-05-11 | James T Wong | Preformed packing making machine |
US2499823A (en) * | 1945-05-21 | 1950-03-07 | Adelbert J Gogel | Spark plug and method of making the same |
US2533742A (en) * | 1947-03-11 | 1950-12-12 | Johns Manville | Ring packing and method of making the same |
US2818638A (en) * | 1951-03-16 | 1958-01-07 | Hoover Co | Flocking method for sealing joints |
US2819919A (en) * | 1955-11-14 | 1958-01-14 | James Walker And Company Ltd | Metal packing for rotary and reciprocating shafts and the method of making the same |
US4135589A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1979-01-23 | Foseco International Limited | Ingot mould seal |
FR2402145A1 (en) * | 1977-08-29 | 1979-03-30 | Rockwell International Corp | SEALING SEAL FOR VALVE, ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND SWIVEL VALVE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A SEAL |
US4892320A (en) * | 1987-07-03 | 1990-01-09 | Kempchen & Co. Gmbh | Stuffing box assembly |
EP0444456A1 (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-09-04 | Nippon Pillar Packing Co. Ltd. | Packing and method of producing the same |
US5791653A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1998-08-11 | Cesare Bonetti S.P.A. | Sealing ring for sliding units operating at very low temperatures |
US6553639B2 (en) * | 2000-07-18 | 2003-04-29 | Rolls-Royce, Plc | Method of manufacturing seals |
-
1939
- 1939-11-15 US US304522A patent/US2251211A/en not_active Expired - Lifetime
Cited By (12)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
US2441177A (en) * | 1944-10-17 | 1948-05-11 | James T Wong | Preformed packing making machine |
US2439424A (en) * | 1945-01-16 | 1948-04-13 | Metal Textile Corp | Method of producing compressed wire units |
US2499823A (en) * | 1945-05-21 | 1950-03-07 | Adelbert J Gogel | Spark plug and method of making the same |
US2533742A (en) * | 1947-03-11 | 1950-12-12 | Johns Manville | Ring packing and method of making the same |
US2818638A (en) * | 1951-03-16 | 1958-01-07 | Hoover Co | Flocking method for sealing joints |
US2819919A (en) * | 1955-11-14 | 1958-01-14 | James Walker And Company Ltd | Metal packing for rotary and reciprocating shafts and the method of making the same |
US4135589A (en) * | 1977-02-18 | 1979-01-23 | Foseco International Limited | Ingot mould seal |
FR2402145A1 (en) * | 1977-08-29 | 1979-03-30 | Rockwell International Corp | SEALING SEAL FOR VALVE, ITS MANUFACTURING PROCESS AND SWIVEL VALVE EQUIPPED WITH SUCH A SEAL |
US4892320A (en) * | 1987-07-03 | 1990-01-09 | Kempchen & Co. Gmbh | Stuffing box assembly |
EP0444456A1 (en) * | 1990-02-26 | 1991-09-04 | Nippon Pillar Packing Co. Ltd. | Packing and method of producing the same |
US5791653A (en) * | 1991-10-21 | 1998-08-11 | Cesare Bonetti S.P.A. | Sealing ring for sliding units operating at very low temperatures |
US6553639B2 (en) * | 2000-07-18 | 2003-04-29 | Rolls-Royce, Plc | Method of manufacturing seals |
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